US20130122737A1 - High Bandwidth Jack with RJ45 Backwards Compatibility - Google Patents
High Bandwidth Jack with RJ45 Backwards Compatibility Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130122737A1 US20130122737A1 US13/677,941 US201213677941A US2013122737A1 US 20130122737 A1 US20130122737 A1 US 20130122737A1 US 201213677941 A US201213677941 A US 201213677941A US 2013122737 A1 US2013122737 A1 US 2013122737A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pcb
- housing
- plug
- communication connector
- latch arm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/70—Coupling devices
- H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
- H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
- H01R12/73—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures connecting to other rigid printed circuits or like structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/502—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces
- H01R13/506—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces assembled by snap action of the parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
- H01R13/627—Snap or like fastening
- H01R13/6271—Latching means integral with the housing
- H01R13/6272—Latching means integral with the housing comprising a single latching arm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6461—Means for preventing cross-talk
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
- H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
- H01R13/6581—Shield structure
- H01R13/6585—Shielding material individually surrounding or interposed between mutually spaced contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
- H01R13/6658—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit on printed circuit board
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
- H01R24/60—Contacts spaced along planar side wall transverse to longitudinal axis of engagement
- H01R24/62—Sliding engagements with one side only, e.g. modular jack coupling devices
- H01R24/64—Sliding engagements with one side only, e.g. modular jack coupling devices for high frequency, e.g. RJ 45
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R27/00—Coupling parts adapted for co-operation with two or more dissimilar counterparts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R29/00—Coupling parts for selective co-operation with a counterpart in different ways to establish different circuits, e.g. for voltage selection, for series-parallel selection, programmable connectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
- H01R4/2445—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2107/00—Four or more poles
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to network connectors, and more particularly, to apparatuses, systems, and methods associated with network jacks having compatibility with more than one plug and corresponding plugs.
- QSFP Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable
- the present invention is directed to apparatuses, systems, and methods associated with network connectors having backwards compatibility.
- the present invention is a communication connector comprising a housing defining a cavity for receiving a communication plug, a first printed circuit board (PCB) positioned at least partially within the housing and having a plurality of plug interface contacts (PICs) extending therefrom for making contact with a plurality of plug contacts of a first type of a plug, a second PCB positioned at least partially within the housing and having a plurality of contact pads for making contact with a plurality of plug contacts of a second type of a plug, and a plurality of insulation displacement contacts (IDCs) contacting the second PCB.
- PCB printed circuit board
- PICs plug interface contacts
- the connector can further have the housing including at least one generally vertical wall feature with the second PCB being positioned generally horizontally with respect to the at least one generally vertical wall feature.
- the at least one generally vertical wall feature and the second PCB define four quadrants, and the plurality of IDCs include four pairs of IDCs, where each of the pairs of IDCs is positioned within each of the quadrants, respectively.
- the present invention is a communication connector comprising a housing defining a cavity for receiving a communication plug where the housing includes at least one generally vertical wall feature, a first PCB positioned at least partially within the housing and used for making electrical contact with a first type of a plug, a second PCB positioned at least partially within the housing and used for making electrical contact with a second type of a plug.
- the second PCB is positioned generally horizontally with respect to the at least one generally vertical wall feature, where the at least one generally vertical wall feature and the second PCB define four housing quadrants, each of the housing quadrants being at least partially electrically shielded from any other housing quadrant.
- the connector further includes a plurality of IDCs contacting the second PCB where the plurality of IDCs are arranged in multiple pairs, and each of the multiple pairs is positioned in a respective housing quadrant.
- the connector can further include a wire cap attached at a rear end of the housing, the wire cap including an isolation component, the isolation component defining four isolation component quadrants, each of the isolation component quadrants being at least partially electrically shielded from any other isolation component quadrant, wherein the wire cap and the housing alight such that the four housing quadrants align with the four isolation component quadrants.
- the present invention is a communication connector for terminating to a braided communication cable
- the connector includes a metal housing, a metal front face positioned as a front end of the metal housing, at least one plug grounding tab in electrical contact with the metal front face, a wire cap positioned at a rear end of the metal housing, and at least one latch arm, where the at least one latch arm includes a bonding contact.
- the bonding contact fits at least partially over the wire cap and is in electrical contact with the metal housing and a braid of the braided communication cable.
- FIG. 1 shows a front isometric view of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a front isometric view of a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows an exploded isometric view of a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a communication cable for use with connectors according to some embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 5A shows a front isometric view of a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5B shows a rear cross-sectional view of the jack of FIG. 5A .
- FIG. 6 shows end 1 of the communication cable of FIG. 4 oriented for termination to a wire cap according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 shows end 2 of the communication cable of FIG. 4 oriented for termination to a wire cap according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows a front isometric view of a communication cable being terminated to a wire cap according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 shows a rear isometric view of a wire cap with end 1 of the communication cable of FIG. 4 being assembled to a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows a rear isometric view of a wire cap with end 2 of the communication cable of FIG. 4 being assembled to a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11A shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11B shows a rear cross-sectional view of the jack of FIG. 11A .
- FIG. 12A shows a front isometric view of a wire cap and insulation displacement contacts (IDCs) disengaged from a communication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- IDCs insulation displacement contacts
- FIG. 12B shows a front cross-sectional view of the wire cap of FIG. 12A .
- FIG. 13A shows a rear isometric view of the engagement of a wire cap with a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13B shows a rear cross-sectional view of the wire cap of FIG. 13A .
- FIG. 14A shows a front isometric view of a wire cap and IDCs engaged with a communication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14B shows a front cross-sectional view of the wire cap of FIG. 14A .
- FIG. 15A shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack with an upper latching arm in an open position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15B shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack with an upper latching arm in a downward closed position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack attached to a communication cable via a cable tie according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack with a lower latching arm in an open position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 shows a rear isometric view of an assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 shows an RJ45 plug mating with a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 shows a side cross-sectional view of an RJ45 plug mated to a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 shows a front isometric view of a rear section of a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22A shows a rear isometric view of a plug according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22B shows a front isometric view of the plug of FIG. 22A .
- FIG. 23 shows the plug of FIG. 22A mating with a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 shows a side cross-sectional view of the plug of FIG. 22A mated to a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention is a network jack capable of supporting two different modes of operation depending on the type of plug that is inserted.
- the jack can be mated with an RJ45 plug, using plug interface-type contacts in the jack, for network speeds up to 10 GBASE-T; and the same jack can be mated with a plug having a form factor similar to an RJ45 plug but using card edge terminals in the jack, for higher speed applications (e.g., 40 GBASE-T).
- FIG. 1 shows a copper structured cabling communication system 40 , which includes a patch panel 42 with jacks 44 and corresponding RJ45 plugs 46 . Respective cables 48 are terminated to jacks 44 , and respective cables 50 are terminated to plugs 46 . Once a plug 46 mates with a jack 44 data can flow in both directions through these connectors.
- the communication system 40 is illustrated in FIG. 1 as having a patch panel, alternative embodiments can include other active or passive equipment. Examples of passive equipment can be, but are not limited to, modular patch panels, punch-down patch panels, coupler patch panels, wall jacks, etc.
- Examples of active equipment can be, but are not limited to, Ethernet switches, routers, servers, physical layer management systems, and power-over-Ethernet equipment as can be found in data centers and or telecommunications rooms; security devices (cameras and other sensors, etc.) and door access equipment; and telephones, computers, fax machines, printers, and other peripherals as can be found in workstation areas.
- Communication system 40 can further include cabinets, racks, cable management and overhead routing systems, and other such equipment.
- jack 44 complies with Mini-Com® geometry as employed by Panduit Corp., and installs to Mini-Com® patch panels and faceplates.
- FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of an embodiment of jack 44 .
- jack 44 includes a metal front face 52 and plug grounding tabs 54 which can be used to electrically bond a shielded plug to jack 44 .
- Plug interface contacts (PICs) 56 are used to engage the contacts of an RJ45 plug and carry electrical signals to a first printed circuit board (PCB) 58 .
- PICs 56 may be thin-layered contacts like those described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0244752, entitled “COMMUNICATION CONNECTOR,” filed on Mar.
- the first PCB 58 can include compensation components which can serve to reduce at least some amount of crosstalk that may arise in an RJ45 plug and/or in the PICs 56 .
- Four tall PCB-to-PCB contacts 60 carry electrical signals from the first PCB 58 to the main PCB 76 .
- Two tall PCB-to-PCB contact plastic support structures 62 are used to constrain the tall PCB-to-PCB contacts 60 .
- Four short PCB-to-PCB contacts 64 also carry electrical signals from the first PCB 58 to the main PCB 76 .
- a plastic contact support structure 66 constrains short PCB-to-PCB contacts 64 and provides bend radius control for PICs 56 .
- Housing 68 holds at least some of the internal components of jack 44 and may be made of metal to provide shielding and bonding to a shielded patch panel, which can help to achieve the required electrical performance at certain high frequencies.
- Lower latch arm 70 and upper latch arm 72 snap together during the cable termination process and form the back section of jack 44 .
- a braid bonding contact 74 is assembled to each lower latch arm 70 and upper latch arm 72 .
- Insulation displacement contacts (IDCs) 80 electrically bond the conductors of a terminated cable to main PCB 76 .
- IDCs Insulation displacement contacts
- Wire cap 92 includes plastic conductor alignment structures 82 , metal isolation component 84 , foil grounding springs 86 , and a metal wire cap nut 88 .
- a cable tie 90 can be used to provide strain relief for the terminated cable.
- jack 44 is designed to work with shielded/foiled twisted wire pair cable, as shown in FIG. 4 , where each wire pair 94 has its own foil wrap 96 and there exists an overall braid 98 around all four wire pairs. This will be referred to as an S/FTP cable 48 .
- a twisted wire pair cable by the nature of its design, has four wire pairs 94 in different orientations at each end. Referring to FIG. 4 , cable end 1 has a clockwise wire orientation 94 1,2 , 94 4,5 , 94 7,8 , 94 3,6 . However, cable end 2 has a mirror clockwise wire orientation 94 1,2 , 94 3,6 , 94 7,8 , 94 4,5 .
- the subscript numbers of each wire pair 94 can represent RJ45 pin positions as defined by ANSI/TIA-568-C.2. Jack 44 is designed to accommodate the termination of either end of the communication cable 48 .
- FIG. 5A shows a partially assembled jack 44 with latch arms 70 and 72 , and wire cap 92 removed.
- the rear view of the partially assembled jack 44 is visible in FIG. 5B which shows IDCs 80 and the respective IDC pairs 100 1,2 , 100 3,6 , 100 4,5 , and 100 7,8 .
- the subscript numbers of each IDC pair 100 can correspond to each wire pair 94 of the S/FTP cable 48 , respectively.
- the back of the housing 68 is divided into four quadrants by main PCB 76 and wall features 102 .
- Main PCB 76 includes a ground plane 104 that spans the entire center plane of the circuit board.
- the wall features 102 are a design element of the housing 68 and can be metal.
- each IDC pair 100 being located within one quadrant, and each quadrant being shielded from any other quadrant.
- Such shielding can block at least some crosstalk effects from one IDC pair 100 to another IDC pair 100 .
- the crosstalk between IDC pair 100 4,5 and IDC pair 100 7,8 may be reduced because of metal wall feature 102 .
- crosstalk between IDC pair 100 4,5 and IDC pair 100 3,6 may also be reduced because of ground plane 104 .
- wire pairs 94 ( 94 1,2 , 94 3,6 , 94 4,5 , and 94 7,8 ) are oriented as shown in FIG. 6 and inserted into wire cap 92 .
- Wire pair 94 4,5 and wire pair 94 7,8 cross each other prior to insertion into wire cap 92 .
- These two crossed wire pairs insert over a guiding feature.
- the guiding feature is a protrusion feature 106 , which can be a pyramidal feature on wire cap nut 88 .
- Protrusion feature 106 can be used as a visual indicator for the installer to denote where to insert the two crossed wire pairs as well as to provide a lead-in and routing control for the crossed wire pairs.
- wire pairs 94 ( 94 1,2 , 94 3,6 , 94 4,5 , and 94 7,8 ) are oriented as shown in FIG. 7 and inserted into wire cap 92 .
- wire cap 92 is rotated 180° about central axis of S/FTP cable 48 such that protrusion feature 106 is at the bottom of the view.
- Wire pair 94 1,2 and wire pair 94 3,6 cross each other prior to insertion into wire cap 92 . Similar to cable end 1 , these two crossed pairs are inserted over protrusion feature 106 .
- wires 108 are trimmed relatively flush to face 110 of isolation component 84 , as shown in FIG. 8 .
- the trimming of the wires 108 is performed at both ends of the S/FTP cable.
- each wire pair 94 resides within its own quadrant, where each quadrant can be shielded from any other quadrant. Since in some embodiments isolation component 84 can be metal or can include other shielding materials, crosstalk effects from one conductor pair 94 to any other conductor pair 94 may be reduced.
- wire cap 92 and S/FTP cable 48 are inserted into the back of the housing 68 .
- the two crossed wire pairs 94 4,5 and 94 7,8 , and protrusion feature 106 are generally at the top relative to the jack 44 orientation shown in FIG. 9 .
- proper alignment of wire cap 92 is assisted by tab 112 a , located on isolation component 84 , slotting into slot 114 , located in the housing 68 .
- the two crossed wire pairs 94 1,2 and 94 3,6 , and protrusion feature 106 are generally at the bottom relative to the jack 44 orientation shown in FIG. 10 .
- proper alignment of wire cap 92 is assisted by tab 112 b located on isolation component 84 slotting into slot 114 .
- wire cap 92 and S/FTP cable 48 are pushed forward into the housing 68 of jack 44 until a positive stop is made.
- the positive stop can be considered to be made when face 110 of isolation component 84 contacts main PCB 76 and wall feature 102 of housing 68 .
- foil grounding springs 86 have fixed ends 116 and free ends 118 . Fixed ends 116 are locked between and electrically bonded to isolation component 84 and wire cap nut 88 .
- FIG. 12A shows a front isometric view of FIG. 11A with all internal housing components (with the exception of the IDCs 80 ) removed for clarity. This view illustrates IDCs 80 prior to engaging wires 108 . Clearance exists between wires 108 and IDCs 80 , as shown in the section view of FIG. 12B , such that wire cap 92 can be inserted without restriction.
- wire cap 92 is rotated approximately 20° clockwise, as shown in FIG. 13A .
- the wire cap 92 cannot be rotated unless it is fully inserted because tabs 112 a and 112 b are constrained inside of slot 114 .
- the action of rotating the wire cap 92 causes free ends 118 of the foil grounding springs 86 to interfere with housing 68 , as shown in FIG. 13B . This results in a collapse of grounding springs 86 around foil wraps 96 of wire pairs 94 , causing an electrical bond between foil grounding springs 86 and foil wraps 96 .
- This relationship generally bonds foil wraps 96 to metallic components of wire cap 92 . This ensures that the electrical bond between foil wraps 96 of wire pairs 94 are generally at equal potential, which helps maintain electrical balance between wire pairs 94 and can result in improved noise immunity from outside sources.
- wire cap 92 As seen in FIGS. 14A and 14B , the action of rotating wire cap 92 by approximately 20° also causes wires 108 to rotate into and engage the cutting edges 122 of IDCs 80 . This results in an electrical connection between IDCs 80 and metal conductors within wires 108 . Additionally, when wire cap 92 is rotated fully into position, face 110 of isolation component 84 mates and aligns with wall feature 102 of housing 68 and ground plane 104 of main PCB 76 (reference FIG. 5 ).
- Braid bonding contact 74 includes two short flanges 124 and a plurality of long flanges 126 . Short flanges 124 bond to metal wire cap nut 88 and long flanges 126 electrically bond to braid 98 of S/FTP cable 48 when upper latch arm 72 is rotated into its closed downward position, as shown in FIG. 15B . In this embodiment, upper latch arm 72 is not able to reach its final rotated position unless wire cap 92 is properly oriented.
- cable tie 90 can be used to secure S/FTP cable to upper latch arm 72 , as shown in FIG. 16 .
- This configuration can provide strain relief such that forces exerted on S/FTP cable 48 are generally distributed through cable tie 90 and not through the interface between wires 108 and IDCs 80 .
- lower latch arm 70 with braid bonding contact 74 assembled thereto, hingedly connects to the bottom portion of the housing 68 and rotates upward, as shown in FIG. 17 , to meet the bottom half of S/FTP cable 48 .
- FIG. 18 shows a complete assembly of S/FTP cable 48 terminated to jack 44 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 shows an embodiment of the present invention where jack 44 is compatible with an RJ45 plug 46 for applications that require Enhanced Category 5 (CAT5E), Category 6 (CAT6), Augmented Category 6 (CAT6A), or similar connectivity.
- FIG. 20 shows a side view of an RJ45 plug 46 mated to jack 44 from FIG. 19 .
- FIG. 20 shows a side view of an RJ45 plug 46 mated to jack 44 from FIG. 19 .
- FIG. 19 shows a side view of an RJ45 plug 46 mated to jack 44 from FIG. 19 .
- pins 1 , 2 , 3 , and 6 of the RJ45 plug 46 as defined by ANSI/TIA-568-C.2, the data flow is represented by signal transmission path 134 illustrated by a dotted line.
- main PCB 76 includes traces that bring current to IDC pairs 100 1,2 and 100 3,6 , wherein IDCS 100 1 , 100 2 , 100 3 , and 100 6 correspond to pins 1 , 2 , 3 , and 6 of the RJ45 plug 46 , respectively.
- Main PCB 76 includes traces that bring the current to IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8 wherein IDCS 100 4 , 100 5 , 100 7 , and 100 8 correspond to pins 4 , 5 , 7 , and 8 of the RJ45 plug 46 , respectively. From IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8 , current travels through wires 108 , completing the electrical connection. As shown in FIG.
- ground plane 104 may reduce crosstalk effects through the main PCB 76 , and shielding walls 135 a - 135 d , which are designed into the housing 68 and can be made of metal, may reduce crosstalk among PCB-to-PCB contacts 60 , 64 .
- An embodiment of a jack having such a configuration may achieve CAT6A performance requirements.
- grounding plane 104 can be bonded to metal housing 68 through a solder joint to a plated-through hole via 137 of main PCB 76 .
- Jack 44 is also compatible with other applications, which may have higher data rates than those currently established for the RJ45 interface.
- a new style of plug is used.
- this new style of plug is referred to as high bandwidth plug 138 .
- One embodiment of the high bandwidth plug 138 is shown in FIGS. 22A and 22B .
- the high bandwidth plug 138 terminates to S/FTP network cable 140 .
- the outer profile of high bandwidth plug is defined by a metal plug housing 142 .
- Sheet metal latch 144 locks high bandwidth plug 138 to jack 44 in a similar style as RJ45 plug 46 .
- High bandwidth plug 138 does not use plug contacts 132 like RJ45 plug 46 .
- a PCB edge connector 146 is used to make the electrical connection between high bandwidth plug 138 and jack 44 .
- the PCB edge connector 146 includes 14 contacts, six of which are ground contacts 148 and eight of which are signal pair contacts 150 .
- Network cable 140 includes four twisted pairs of wires. Each wire pair is terminated such that they make electrical connections to respective signal pair contacts 150 1,2 , 150 3,6 , 150 4,5 , and 150 7,8 .
- high bandwidth plug 138 connects to jack 44 as shown in FIG. 23 .
- Plug grounding tabs 54 electrically bond to metal plug housing 142 to create continuous grounding from high bandwidth plug 138 to jack 44 .
- FIG. 24 shows a side view of high bandwidth plug 138 mated to jack 44 from FIG. 23 .
- Metal plug housing 142 includes PIC slots 152 and PCB-to-PCB contact slots 154 (reference FIGS. 22A and 22B ).
- Main PCB 76 includes contact pads that interface with signal pair contacts 150 1,2 and 150 3,6 , and ground contacts 148 .
- signal transmission path 160 illustrated by a dotted line.
- Current flows from plug PCB 158 through signal pair contacts 150 4,5 and 150 7,8 and onto main PCB 76 via the contact pads. From there, current flows along the traces on main PCB 76 to respective IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8 (wherein IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8 correspond to signal pair contacts 150 4,5 and 150 7,8 , respectively), and through to wires 108 of an S/FTP cable, completing the electrical connection.
- Crosstalk among transmission pairs can be reduced by the ground plane 104 in main PCB 76 as well as wall features designed into the housing 68 , which can allow for higher bandwidth and higher transmission speeds.
- One advantage of the at least one embodiment of the present invention is a connector with at least some of the RJ45 connectivity elements isolated from the new higher bandwidth connectivity while the new higher bandwidth connectivity is used. Another advantage of the at least one embodiment of the present invention is a new connectivity form factor that is capable of meeting the new high bandwidth requirement in all aspects of data signaling. Another advantage of the at least one embodiment of the present invention is a new termination method for the shielded twisted pair cabling that provides low crosstalk and signal reflection.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/560,430, filed on Nov. 16, 2011.
- The present invention generally relates to network connectors, and more particularly, to apparatuses, systems, and methods associated with network jacks having compatibility with more than one plug and corresponding plugs.
- With a steady increase of users adopting 10 GBASE-T Ethernet for platforms such as high performance computing (HPC), storage area networks (SANs), and cloud computing, there is a need for an increase in bandwidth in the network backbone to support such increasing data transfer rates. The structured cabling industry has recently started a dialogue regarding the feasibility of next-generation high-bandwidth cabling solutions to anticipate the next computing boom.
- Among the top currently established data transmission rates for structured copper cabling is 10 Gigabits per second running on Augmented Category 6 (CAT6A) cabling. Additionally, point-to-point copper cabling solutions can run through a 40 Gigabits per second Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable (QSFP) connector via a twin-axial copper cable. Unfortunately, the QSFP connectivity comes with drawbacks such as deficiencies in maximum length and a potential lack of backwards compatibility with other connector styles.
- It is desirable to create a connector that is capable of reaching the higher bandwidth requirement of emerging platforms while still providing backwards compatibility with an RJ45 plug.
- Accordingly, the present invention is directed to apparatuses, systems, and methods associated with network connectors having backwards compatibility.
- In one embodiment, the present invention is a communication connector comprising a housing defining a cavity for receiving a communication plug, a first printed circuit board (PCB) positioned at least partially within the housing and having a plurality of plug interface contacts (PICs) extending therefrom for making contact with a plurality of plug contacts of a first type of a plug, a second PCB positioned at least partially within the housing and having a plurality of contact pads for making contact with a plurality of plug contacts of a second type of a plug, and a plurality of insulation displacement contacts (IDCs) contacting the second PCB.
- The connector can further have the housing including at least one generally vertical wall feature with the second PCB being positioned generally horizontally with respect to the at least one generally vertical wall feature. The at least one generally vertical wall feature and the second PCB define four quadrants, and the plurality of IDCs include four pairs of IDCs, where each of the pairs of IDCs is positioned within each of the quadrants, respectively.
- In yet another embodiment, the present invention is a communication connector comprising a housing defining a cavity for receiving a communication plug where the housing includes at least one generally vertical wall feature, a first PCB positioned at least partially within the housing and used for making electrical contact with a first type of a plug, a second PCB positioned at least partially within the housing and used for making electrical contact with a second type of a plug. The second PCB is positioned generally horizontally with respect to the at least one generally vertical wall feature, where the at least one generally vertical wall feature and the second PCB define four housing quadrants, each of the housing quadrants being at least partially electrically shielded from any other housing quadrant. The connector further includes a plurality of IDCs contacting the second PCB where the plurality of IDCs are arranged in multiple pairs, and each of the multiple pairs is positioned in a respective housing quadrant.
- The connector can further include a wire cap attached at a rear end of the housing, the wire cap including an isolation component, the isolation component defining four isolation component quadrants, each of the isolation component quadrants being at least partially electrically shielded from any other isolation component quadrant, wherein the wire cap and the housing alight such that the four housing quadrants align with the four isolation component quadrants.
- In still yet another embodiment, the present invention is a communication connector for terminating to a braided communication cable, where the connector includes a metal housing, a metal front face positioned as a front end of the metal housing, at least one plug grounding tab in electrical contact with the metal front face, a wire cap positioned at a rear end of the metal housing, and at least one latch arm, where the at least one latch arm includes a bonding contact. The bonding contact fits at least partially over the wire cap and is in electrical contact with the metal housing and a braid of the braided communication cable.
- These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following drawings, description, and any claims that may follow.
-
FIG. 1 shows a front isometric view of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 shows a front isometric view of a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 shows an exploded isometric view of a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 4 shows a communication cable for use with connectors according to some embodiments of the present invention. -
FIG. 5A shows a front isometric view of a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 5B shows a rear cross-sectional view of the jack ofFIG. 5A . -
FIG. 6 showsend 1 of the communication cable ofFIG. 4 oriented for termination to a wire cap according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 7 showsend 2 of the communication cable ofFIG. 4 oriented for termination to a wire cap according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 8 shows a front isometric view of a communication cable being terminated to a wire cap according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 9 shows a rear isometric view of a wire cap withend 1 of the communication cable ofFIG. 4 being assembled to a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 10 shows a rear isometric view of a wire cap withend 2 of the communication cable ofFIG. 4 being assembled to a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 11A shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 11B shows a rear cross-sectional view of the jack ofFIG. 11A . -
FIG. 12A shows a front isometric view of a wire cap and insulation displacement contacts (IDCs) disengaged from a communication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 12B shows a front cross-sectional view of the wire cap ofFIG. 12A . -
FIG. 13A shows a rear isometric view of the engagement of a wire cap with a partially assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 13B shows a rear cross-sectional view of the wire cap ofFIG. 13A . -
FIG. 14A shows a front isometric view of a wire cap and IDCs engaged with a communication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 14B shows a front cross-sectional view of the wire cap ofFIG. 14A . -
FIG. 15A shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack with an upper latching arm in an open position according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 15B shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack with an upper latching arm in a downward closed position according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 16 shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack attached to a communication cable via a cable tie according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 17 shows a rear isometric view of a partially assembled jack with a lower latching arm in an open position according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 18 shows a rear isometric view of an assembled jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 19 shows an RJ45 plug mating with a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 20 shows a side cross-sectional view of an RJ45 plug mated to a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 21 shows a front isometric view of a rear section of a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 22A shows a rear isometric view of a plug according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 22B shows a front isometric view of the plug ofFIG. 22A . -
FIG. 23 shows the plug ofFIG. 22A mating with a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 24 shows a side cross-sectional view of the plug ofFIG. 22A mated to a jack according to an embodiment of the present invention. - In one embodiment, the present invention is a network jack capable of supporting two different modes of operation depending on the type of plug that is inserted. In this embodiment, the jack can be mated with an RJ45 plug, using plug interface-type contacts in the jack, for network speeds up to 10 GBASE-T; and the same jack can be mated with a plug having a form factor similar to an RJ45 plug but using card edge terminals in the jack, for higher speed applications (e.g., 40 GBASE-T).
- An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in
FIG. 1 , which shows a copper structuredcabling communication system 40, which includes apatch panel 42 withjacks 44 and corresponding RJ45 plugs 46.Respective cables 48 are terminated tojacks 44, andrespective cables 50 are terminated to plugs 46. Once aplug 46 mates with ajack 44 data can flow in both directions through these connectors. Although thecommunication system 40 is illustrated inFIG. 1 as having a patch panel, alternative embodiments can include other active or passive equipment. Examples of passive equipment can be, but are not limited to, modular patch panels, punch-down patch panels, coupler patch panels, wall jacks, etc. Examples of active equipment can be, but are not limited to, Ethernet switches, routers, servers, physical layer management systems, and power-over-Ethernet equipment as can be found in data centers and or telecommunications rooms; security devices (cameras and other sensors, etc.) and door access equipment; and telephones, computers, fax machines, printers, and other peripherals as can be found in workstation areas.Communication system 40 can further include cabinets, racks, cable management and overhead routing systems, and other such equipment. - Referring now to
FIG. 2 , in one embodiment,jack 44 complies with Mini-Com® geometry as employed by Panduit Corp., and installs to Mini-Com® patch panels and faceplates.FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of an embodiment ofjack 44. In one embodiment,jack 44 includes ametal front face 52 and pluggrounding tabs 54 which can be used to electrically bond a shielded plug to jack 44. Plug interface contacts (PICs) 56 are used to engage the contacts of an RJ45 plug and carry electrical signals to a first printed circuit board (PCB) 58.PICs 56 may be thin-layered contacts like those described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0244752, entitled “COMMUNICATION CONNECTOR,” filed on Mar. 20, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, thefirst PCB 58 can include compensation components which can serve to reduce at least some amount of crosstalk that may arise in an RJ45 plug and/or in thePICs 56. Four tall PCB-to-PCB contacts 60 carry electrical signals from thefirst PCB 58 to themain PCB 76. Two tall PCB-to-PCB contactplastic support structures 62 are used to constrain the tall PCB-to-PCB contacts 60. Four short PCB-to-PCB contacts 64 also carry electrical signals from thefirst PCB 58 to themain PCB 76. A plasticcontact support structure 66 constrains short PCB-to-PCB contacts 64 and provides bend radius control forPICs 56.Housing 68 holds at least some of the internal components ofjack 44 and may be made of metal to provide shielding and bonding to a shielded patch panel, which can help to achieve the required electrical performance at certain high frequencies.Lower latch arm 70 andupper latch arm 72 snap together during the cable termination process and form the back section ofjack 44. Abraid bonding contact 74 is assembled to eachlower latch arm 70 andupper latch arm 72. Insulation displacement contacts (IDCs) 80 electrically bond the conductors of a terminated cable tomain PCB 76. Four plasticIDC support structures 78 constrainIDCs 80.Wire cap 92 includes plasticconductor alignment structures 82,metal isolation component 84, foil grounding springs 86, and a metalwire cap nut 88. Acable tie 90 can be used to provide strain relief for the terminated cable. - In one embodiment,
jack 44 is designed to work with shielded/foiled twisted wire pair cable, as shown inFIG. 4 , where eachwire pair 94 has itsown foil wrap 96 and there exists anoverall braid 98 around all four wire pairs. This will be referred to as an S/FTP cable 48. A twisted wire pair cable, by the nature of its design, has four wire pairs 94 in different orientations at each end. Referring toFIG. 4 ,cable end 1 has aclockwise wire orientation cable end 2 has a mirror clockwisewire orientation wire pair 94 can represent RJ45 pin positions as defined by ANSI/TIA-568-C.2.Jack 44 is designed to accommodate the termination of either end of thecommunication cable 48. - Turning to the next figures,
FIG. 5A shows a partially assembledjack 44 withlatch arms wire cap 92 removed. The rear view of the partially assembledjack 44 is visible inFIG. 5B which showsIDCs 80 and the respective IDC pairs 100 1,2, 100 3,6, 100 4,5, and 100 7,8. The subscript numbers of each IDC pair 100 can correspond to eachwire pair 94 of the S/FTP cable 48, respectively. The back of thehousing 68 is divided into four quadrants bymain PCB 76 and wall features 102.Main PCB 76 includes aground plane 104 that spans the entire center plane of the circuit board. In the presently described embodiment, the wall features 102 are a design element of thehousing 68 and can be metal. Such a layout results in each IDC pair 100 being located within one quadrant, and each quadrant being shielded from any other quadrant. Such shielding can block at least some crosstalk effects from one IDC pair 100 to another IDC pair 100. For example, the crosstalk between IDC pair 100 4,5 and IDC pair 100 7,8 may be reduced because ofmetal wall feature 102. Similarly crosstalk between IDC pair 100 4,5 and IDC pair 100 3,6 may also be reduced because ofground plane 104. - To terminate
cable end 1 of S/FTP cable 48, wire pairs 94 (94 1,2, 94 3,6, 94 4,5, and 94 7,8) are oriented as shown inFIG. 6 and inserted intowire cap 92.Wire pair 94 4,5 andwire pair 94 7,8 cross each other prior to insertion intowire cap 92. These two crossed wire pairs insert over a guiding feature. In the current embodiment, the guiding feature is aprotrusion feature 106, which can be a pyramidal feature onwire cap nut 88.Protrusion feature 106 can be used as a visual indicator for the installer to denote where to insert the two crossed wire pairs as well as to provide a lead-in and routing control for the crossed wire pairs. - To terminate
cable end 2 of S/FTP cable 48, wire pairs 94 (94 1,2, 94 3,6, 94 4,5, and 94 7,8) are oriented as shown inFIG. 7 and inserted intowire cap 92. Note thatwire cap 92 is rotated 180° about central axis of S/FTP cable 48 such thatprotrusion feature 106 is at the bottom of the view.Wire pair 94 1,2 andwire pair 94 3,6 cross each other prior to insertion intowire cap 92. Similar tocable end 1, these two crossed pairs are inserted overprotrusion feature 106. - After all wire pairs 94 of S/
FTP cable 48 are fully inserted intowire cap 92,wires 108 are trimmed relatively flush to face 110 ofisolation component 84, as shown inFIG. 8 . The trimming of thewires 108 is performed at both ends of the S/FTP cable. Note that eachwire pair 94 resides within its own quadrant, where each quadrant can be shielded from any other quadrant. Since in someembodiments isolation component 84 can be metal or can include other shielding materials, crosstalk effects from oneconductor pair 94 to anyother conductor pair 94 may be reduced. - After
wires 108 are trimmed relatively flush to face 110,wire cap 92 and S/FTP cable 48 are inserted into the back of thehousing 68. Ifcable end 1 is being terminated, the two crossed wire pairs 94 4,5 and 94 7,8, andprotrusion feature 106 are generally at the top relative to thejack 44 orientation shown inFIG. 9 . In the currently described embodiment, proper alignment ofwire cap 92 is assisted bytab 112 a, located onisolation component 84, slotting intoslot 114, located in thehousing 68. Ifcable end 2 is being terminated, the two crossed wire pairs 94 1,2 and 94 3,6, andprotrusion feature 106 are generally at the bottom relative to thejack 44 orientation shown inFIG. 10 . Similarly tocable end 1, proper alignment ofwire cap 92 is assisted bytab 112 b located onisolation component 84 slotting intoslot 114. - The remainder of the termination process is generally the same regardless of whether
cable end 1 orcable end 2 is being terminated. As shown inFIG. 11A ,wire cap 92 and S/FTP cable 48 are pushed forward into thehousing 68 ofjack 44 until a positive stop is made. The positive stop can be considered to be made whenface 110 ofisolation component 84 contactsmain PCB 76 and wall feature 102 ofhousing 68. As shown inFIG. 11B , foil grounding springs 86 have fixed ends 116 and free ends 118. Fixed ends 116 are locked between and electrically bonded toisolation component 84 andwire cap nut 88. During insertion ofwire cap 92 into thehousing 68, free ends 118 of foil grounding springs 86 reside within clearance pockets 120 ofhousing 68.FIG. 12A shows a front isometric view ofFIG. 11A with all internal housing components (with the exception of the IDCs 80) removed for clarity. This view illustratesIDCs 80 prior to engagingwires 108. Clearance exists betweenwires 108 andIDCs 80, as shown in the section view ofFIG. 12B , such thatwire cap 92 can be inserted without restriction. - After
wire cap 92 and S/FTP cable 48 are fully inserted into thehousing 68,wire cap 92 is rotated approximately 20° clockwise, as shown inFIG. 13A . In the embodiment being described, thewire cap 92 cannot be rotated unless it is fully inserted becausetabs slot 114. The action of rotating thewire cap 92 causes free ends 118 of the foil grounding springs 86 to interfere withhousing 68, as shown inFIG. 13B . This results in a collapse of grounding springs 86 around foil wraps 96 of wire pairs 94, causing an electrical bond between foil grounding springs 86 and foil wraps 96. This relationship generally bonds foil wraps 96 to metallic components ofwire cap 92. This ensures that the electrical bond between foil wraps 96 of wire pairs 94 are generally at equal potential, which helps maintain electrical balance between wire pairs 94 and can result in improved noise immunity from outside sources. - As seen in
FIGS. 14A and 14B , the action ofrotating wire cap 92 by approximately 20° also causeswires 108 to rotate into and engage the cutting edges 122 ofIDCs 80. This results in an electrical connection betweenIDCs 80 and metal conductors withinwires 108. Additionally, whenwire cap 92 is rotated fully into position, face 110 ofisolation component 84 mates and aligns withwall feature 102 ofhousing 68 andground plane 104 of main PCB 76 (referenceFIG. 5 ). This results in each isolated IDC quadrant in the rear section ofjack 44 aligning with the respective wire quadrant withinwire cap 92, resulting in a shielded system that may reduce crosstalk effects between one IDC pair 100 andwire pair 94, and any other IDC pair 100 andwire pair 94. - With
wire cap 92 rotated into position,upper latch arm 72, withbraid bonding contact 74 assembled thereto, hingedly connects to the upper portion of thehousing 68 and rotates downward, as shown inFIG. 15A , over the top half of S/FTP cable 48.Braid bonding contact 74 includes twoshort flanges 124 and a plurality oflong flanges 126.Short flanges 124 bond to metalwire cap nut 88 andlong flanges 126 electrically bond to braid 98 of S/FTP cable 48 whenupper latch arm 72 is rotated into its closed downward position, as shown inFIG. 15B . In this embodiment,upper latch arm 72 is not able to reach its final rotated position unlesswire cap 92 is properly oriented. Afterupper latch arm 72 is fully rotated,cable tie 90 can be used to secure S/FTP cable toupper latch arm 72, as shown inFIG. 16 . This configuration can provide strain relief such that forces exerted on S/FTP cable 48 are generally distributed throughcable tie 90 and not through the interface betweenwires 108 andIDCs 80. Finally,lower latch arm 70, withbraid bonding contact 74 assembled thereto, hingedly connects to the bottom portion of thehousing 68 and rotates upward, as shown inFIG. 17 , to meet the bottom half of S/FTP cable 48. Similar to positioningupper latch arm 72,short flanges 124 bond to metalwire cap nut 88 andlong flanges 126 electrically bond to braid 98 of S/FTP cable 48 whenlower latch arm 70 is rotated into its closed upward position.Upper latch arm 72 includes twolatches 128 that engage latch-receivingfeatures 130 located onlower latch arm 70. Rotatinglatch arms latches 128 to engage latch receiving features 130 and keep the latch arm assembly together, preventingwire cap 92 from inadvertently rotating out of position.FIG. 18 shows a complete assembly of S/FTP cable 48 terminated to jack 44 according to one embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 19 shows an embodiment of the present invention wherejack 44 is compatible with anRJ45 plug 46 for applications that require Enhanced Category 5 (CAT5E), Category 6 (CAT6), Augmented Category 6 (CAT6A), or similar connectivity.FIG. 20 shows a side view of anRJ45 plug 46 mated to jack 44 fromFIG. 19 . For clarity, generally all non-current-carrying components ofjack 44 have been removed in order to illustrate the signal transmission paths. Forpins RJ45 plug 46, as defined by ANSI/TIA-568-C.2, the data flow is represented bysignal transmission path 134 illustrated by a dotted line. If it is assumed that the data-carrying signal begins in theRJ45 plug 46, then the current corresponding to that signal flows fromplug contacts 132 through plug interface contacts (PICs) 56. FromPICs 56, current enters thefirst PCB 58. Within thefirst PCB 58, crosstalk effects can be reduced by employing compensation techniques. Current then travels fromfirst PCB 58 through tall PCB-to-PCB contacts 60 and reachesmain PCB 76.Main PCB 76 includes traces that bring current to IDC pairs 100 1,2 and 100 3,6, wherein IDCS 100 1, 100 2, 100 3, and 100 6 correspond topins RJ45 plug 46, respectively. From IDC pairs 100 1,2 and 100 3,6, current travels throughwires 108, completing the electrical connection. For pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 of theRJ45 plug 46, as defined by ANSI/TIA-568-C.2, the data flow is represented bysignal transmission path 136 illustrated as a dashed line. Current flows fromplug contacts 132 throughPICs 56. FromPICs 56, current enters thefirst PCB 58, where crosstalk effects can be reduced by employing compensation techniques. Current then travels fromfirst PCB 58 through short PCB-to-PCB contacts 64 and reachesmain PCB 76.Main PCB 76 includes traces that bring the current to IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8 wherein IDCS 100 4, 100 5, 100 7, and 100 8 correspond to pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 of theRJ45 plug 46, respectively. From IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8, current travels throughwires 108, completing the electrical connection. As shown inFIG. 21 , (front view ofjack 44 withmetal front face 52,PICs 56,contact support structures tabs 54, and latcharms ground plane 104 may reduce crosstalk effects through themain PCB 76, and shielding walls 135 a-135 d, which are designed into thehousing 68 and can be made of metal, may reduce crosstalk among PCB-to-PCB contacts plane 104 can be bonded tometal housing 68 through a solder joint to a plated-through hole via 137 ofmain PCB 76. -
Jack 44 is also compatible with other applications, which may have higher data rates than those currently established for the RJ45 interface. For such applications, a new style of plug is used. For discussion purposes, this new style of plug is referred to ashigh bandwidth plug 138. One embodiment of thehigh bandwidth plug 138 is shown inFIGS. 22A and 22B . In this embodiment thehigh bandwidth plug 138 terminates to S/FTP network cable 140. The outer profile of high bandwidth plug is defined by ametal plug housing 142.Sheet metal latch 144 lockshigh bandwidth plug 138 to jack 44 in a similar style as RJ45 plug 46.High bandwidth plug 138 does not useplug contacts 132 like RJ45 plug 46. Instead, aPCB edge connector 146 is used to make the electrical connection betweenhigh bandwidth plug 138 andjack 44. In one embodiment, thePCB edge connector 146 includes 14 contacts, six of which are groundcontacts 148 and eight of which are signal pair contacts 150.Network cable 140 includes four twisted pairs of wires. Each wire pair is terminated such that they make electrical connections to respective signal pair contacts 150 1,2, 150 3,6, 150 4,5, and 150 7,8. To improve balance and electrical performance, it is advantageous to locate signal pair contacts 150 betweenground contacts 148 as shown in the detail view ofFIG. 22B . - In an embodiment of the present invention,
high bandwidth plug 138 connects to jack 44 as shown inFIG. 23 . Plug groundingtabs 54 electrically bond to metal plughousing 142 to create continuous grounding fromhigh bandwidth plug 138 to jack 44.FIG. 24 shows a side view ofhigh bandwidth plug 138 mated to jack 44 fromFIG. 23 . For clarity, generally all non-current-carrying components ofjack 44 have been removed in order to illustrate the signal transmission paths.Metal plug housing 142 includesPIC slots 152 and PCB-to-PCB contact slots 154 (referenceFIGS. 22A and 22B ). When high-bandwidth plug 138 is inserted intojack 44,PICs 56 are depressed and held within theirrespective PIC slots 152, making an electrical bond to the groundedmetal plug housing 142.Metal plug housing 142 is grounded viaplug grounding tabs 54 shown inFIG. 3 . Similarly, tall PCB-to-PCB contacts 60 and short PCB-to-PCB contacts 64 are displaced and constrained within their respective PCB-to-PCB contact slots 154. The displacement of PCB-to-PCB contacts main PCB 76 and connects them to ground. For signal pair contacts 150 1,2 and 150 3,6 the data flow is represented bysignal transmission path 156 illustrated by a dotted line. If it is assumed that the data-carrying signal begins inplug PCB 158, the signal propagates fromplug PCB 158 through signal pair contacts 150 1,2 and 150 3,6.Main PCB 76 includes contact pads that interface with signal pair contacts 150 1,2 and 150 3,6, andground contacts 148. Current flows from signal pair contacts 150 1,2 and 150 3,6 through the contact pads and ontomain PCB 76. From there, current flows along the traces onmain PCB 76 to respective IDC pairs 100 1,2 and 100 3,6 (wherein IDC pairs 100 1,2 and 100 3,6 correspond to signal pair contacts 150 1,2 and 150 3,6, respectively), and through towires 108 of an S/FTP cable. Similarly, for signal pair contacts 150 4,5 and 150 7,8 the data flow is represented bysignal transmission path 160 illustrated by a dotted line. Current flows fromplug PCB 158 through signal pair contacts 150 4,5 and 150 7,8 and ontomain PCB 76 via the contact pads. From there, current flows along the traces onmain PCB 76 to respective IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8 (wherein IDC pairs 100 4,5 and 100 7,8 correspond to signal pair contacts 150 4,5 and 150 7,8, respectively), and through towires 108 of an S/FTP cable, completing the electrical connection. Crosstalk among transmission pairs can be reduced by theground plane 104 inmain PCB 76 as well as wall features designed into thehousing 68, which can allow for higher bandwidth and higher transmission speeds. - One advantage of the at least one embodiment of the present invention is a connector with at least some of the RJ45 connectivity elements isolated from the new higher bandwidth connectivity while the new higher bandwidth connectivity is used. Another advantage of the at least one embodiment of the present invention is a new connectivity form factor that is capable of meeting the new high bandwidth requirement in all aspects of data signaling. Another advantage of the at least one embodiment of the present invention is a new termination method for the shielded twisted pair cabling that provides low crosstalk and signal reflection.
- It should be noted that while this invention has been described in terms of one or more embodiments, these embodiments are non-limiting, and there are alterations, permutations, and equivalents that fall within the scope of this invention. It should also be noted that there are many alternative ways of implementing the methods and apparatuses of the present invention. It is therefore intended that claims that may follow be interpreted as including all such alterations, permutations, and equivalents as fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/677,941 US8758065B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2012-11-15 | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility |
PCT/US2012/065424 WO2013074869A1 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | High bandwidth jack with rj45 backwards compatibility |
US14/294,963 US9236683B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2014-06-03 | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility |
US14/932,062 US20160056547A1 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2015-11-04 | High Bandwidth Jack wtih RJ45 Backwards Compatibility |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161560430P | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | |
US13/677,941 US8758065B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2012-11-15 | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/294,963 Continuation US9236683B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2014-06-03 | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20130122737A1 true US20130122737A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
US8758065B2 US8758065B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
Family
ID=48281061
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/677,941 Expired - Fee Related US8758065B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2012-11-15 | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility |
US14/294,963 Active 2032-12-24 US9236683B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2014-06-03 | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility |
US14/932,062 Abandoned US20160056547A1 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2015-11-04 | High Bandwidth Jack wtih RJ45 Backwards Compatibility |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/294,963 Active 2032-12-24 US9236683B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2014-06-03 | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility |
US14/932,062 Abandoned US20160056547A1 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2015-11-04 | High Bandwidth Jack wtih RJ45 Backwards Compatibility |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US8758065B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013074869A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160261165A1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2016-09-08 | Baumueller Nuernberg Gmbh | Electromotive drive system |
US11394160B2 (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-07-19 | Emcom Technology Inc. | Signal communication socket |
US20220311193A1 (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-29 | Reichle & De-Massari Ag | Plug connector device |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102884462A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2013-01-16 | 科勒奇普(以色列)有限公司 | Opto-electronic transceiver having housing with small form factor |
US9419391B2 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2016-08-16 | Panduit Corp. | Communication connector |
US20150263668A1 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-09-17 | Jon Dennis Sader | System and method for a plug and play electrical wiring harness for the connection of a solar system to existing electrical wiring of a building |
US9966703B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2018-05-08 | Panduit Corp. | Communication connector |
ES2583636B1 (en) | 2015-03-20 | 2017-06-29 | Te Connectivity Amp España, S.L.U. | Connector with detachable link box |
ES2584540B1 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2017-07-05 | Te Connectivity Amp España, S.L.U. | Latch for telecommunications connector |
JP6455361B2 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2019-01-23 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Communication connector and communication connector with wires |
CN105591242A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-05-18 | 嘉兴海棠电子有限公司 | CAT8 network cable connector capable of enhancing network transmission shielding function |
CN105490093B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2017-11-14 | 嘉兴海棠电子有限公司 | A kind of CAT8 of reinforcing network transmission function of shielding is reticle plug provided |
US10651608B2 (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2020-05-12 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Connector assembly with grounding clamp system |
US10777953B2 (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2020-09-15 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Connector assembly with grounding |
US10361514B2 (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2019-07-23 | Panduit Corp. | Communication connectors utilizing multiple contact points |
EP3643075A4 (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2021-03-17 | Commscope Technologies LLC | High density bezel for patch panel |
CN111345046B (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2022-10-11 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | Telecommunication board with grounding wire |
US10721101B1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-07-21 | Marvell Asia Pte, LTD | Apparatus and method for high-speed ethernet over star quad media |
RU2700176C1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-09-13 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет" (НИУ МГСУ) | Symmetric 4-pair communication cable |
CN114072972B (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2024-03-01 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Connector with a plurality of connectors |
US11245231B2 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-02-08 | TE Connectivity Services Gmbh | Ground spring for cable assembly |
WO2022006549A1 (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-06 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Telecommunications jack adapter |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5971812A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-10-26 | The Whitaker Corporation | Modular plug having a circuit board |
US6776658B2 (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-08-17 | Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. | Cable end connector |
US6913492B2 (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2005-07-05 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Connector device for card into which plural kinds of cards of different shapes can be inserted |
US6926559B1 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-08-09 | Proconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Electrical connector adapted for use with different electronic cards |
US6932652B1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-08-23 | Kingconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Memory card connector |
US7033219B2 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2006-04-25 | Commscope Solutions Properties, Llc | Modular plug assemblies, terminated cable assemblies and methods for forming the same |
US7160135B1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-01-09 | Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. | Stacked connector assembly |
US7731538B2 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2010-06-08 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Card connector |
US7803010B1 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2010-09-28 | Mao-Lin Hwang | Signal line connector structure of computer system |
US20110059645A1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-10 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Cable assembly with ferrule |
US20120052744A1 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2012-03-01 | Panduit Corp. | Communication Connector with Improved Crosstalk Compensation |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3980380A (en) * | 1972-11-21 | 1976-09-14 | Bunker Ramo Corporation | Electrical connectors with plural simultaneously-actuated insulation-piercing contacts |
US5672074A (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1997-09-30 | Panduit Corp. | Connector mounting receptacles |
US5733146A (en) * | 1996-04-01 | 1998-03-31 | Block; Dale A. | Shield for modular electrical connector |
US6176743B1 (en) | 1999-12-14 | 2001-01-23 | Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. | Electrical adapter |
US6478609B1 (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2002-11-12 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Strain relief assembly |
DE10128691B4 (en) * | 2001-06-13 | 2004-12-02 | Harting Electric Gmbh & Co. Kg | connecting device |
US6881090B1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-04-19 | R & B Inc. | Rotatable no strip no crimp electrical connector for wires |
US7182649B2 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2007-02-27 | Panduit Corp. | Inductive and capacitive coupling balancing electrical connector |
CN2840406Y (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-11-22 | 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 | Electronic adapter |
US7604515B2 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2009-10-20 | The Siemon Company | Modular connector with reduced termination variability |
TWM320772U (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2007-10-11 | Surtec Ind Inc | Signal communication socket with pierce terminal |
US7568937B2 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-08-04 | Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina | Devices for connecting conductors of twisted pair cable to insulation displacement contacts |
TWM349123U (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2009-01-11 | Surtec Ind Inc | Socket structure for communication cable |
US20100203751A1 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2010-08-12 | Chou Hsien Tsai | Socket structure |
TWM373595U (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2010-02-01 | Lantek Electronics Inc | Shielding type communication socket |
CN102044762B (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2012-08-29 | 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 | Cable connector and manufacture method thereof |
US8702444B2 (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2014-04-22 | Panduit Corp. | Communication plug with improved cable manager |
US8641452B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 | 2014-02-04 | Panduit Corp. | Communication jack having an insulating element connecting a spring element and a spring end of a contact element |
TWM414006U (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2011-10-11 | Tuton Technology Co Ltd | Integrated Electrical Improved Structure |
TWM482872U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-21 | Amphenol Ltw Technology Co Ltd | Connection structure of insulation-piercing connector |
-
2012
- 2012-11-15 US US13/677,941 patent/US8758065B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-11-16 WO PCT/US2012/065424 patent/WO2013074869A1/en active Application Filing
-
2014
- 2014-06-03 US US14/294,963 patent/US9236683B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-11-04 US US14/932,062 patent/US20160056547A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5971812A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-10-26 | The Whitaker Corporation | Modular plug having a circuit board |
US6776658B2 (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-08-17 | Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. | Cable end connector |
US6913492B2 (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2005-07-05 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Connector device for card into which plural kinds of cards of different shapes can be inserted |
US6926559B1 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-08-09 | Proconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Electrical connector adapted for use with different electronic cards |
US6932652B1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-08-23 | Kingconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Memory card connector |
US7033219B2 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2006-04-25 | Commscope Solutions Properties, Llc | Modular plug assemblies, terminated cable assemblies and methods for forming the same |
US7160135B1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-01-09 | Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. | Stacked connector assembly |
US7731538B2 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2010-06-08 | Fujitsu Component Limited | Card connector |
US20110059645A1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-10 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Cable assembly with ferrule |
US20120052744A1 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2012-03-01 | Panduit Corp. | Communication Connector with Improved Crosstalk Compensation |
US7803010B1 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2010-09-28 | Mao-Lin Hwang | Signal line connector structure of computer system |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160261165A1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2016-09-08 | Baumueller Nuernberg Gmbh | Electromotive drive system |
EP3069433B1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2018-10-10 | Baumüller Nürnberg GmbH | Electromotive drive system |
US10103599B2 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2018-10-16 | Baumueller Nuernberg Gmbh | Electromotive drive system electronic housing with plug connections for DC voltage supplies, field busses and digital inputs and outputs |
US11394160B2 (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-07-19 | Emcom Technology Inc. | Signal communication socket |
US20220311193A1 (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-29 | Reichle & De-Massari Ag | Plug connector device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140287609A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
US20160056547A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
WO2013074869A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
US9236683B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
US8758065B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9236683B2 (en) | High bandwidth jack with RJ45 backwards compatibility | |
US9033725B2 (en) | GG45 plug with hinging load bar | |
US9876322B2 (en) | Backward compatible connectivity for high data rate applications | |
EP2137794B1 (en) | Modular connector with reduced termination variability and improved performance | |
US9246285B2 (en) | Network jack with backwards capability and systems using same | |
US10790616B2 (en) | Communication connectors utilizing multiple contact points | |
US20140273638A1 (en) | Communication connectors having crosstalk compensation networks | |
US8851902B2 (en) | Modular connector for a cable-less patching device | |
US10454217B2 (en) | RJ45 plug with collar for bonding to a cable shield | |
US10587081B2 (en) | Communication connectors and components thereof | |
US10326242B2 (en) | RJ communication connectors | |
US9793664B2 (en) | Communication connectors |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PANDUIT CORP., ILLINOIS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FRANSEN, ROBERT E.;YUAN, MICHAEL K.;PATEL, SATISH I.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20121128 TO 20121213;REEL/FRAME:029526/0017 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1551) Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20220624 |