US20110240314A1 - System and method for deploying optical fiber - Google Patents
System and method for deploying optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- US20110240314A1 US20110240314A1 US13/089,208 US201113089208A US2011240314A1 US 20110240314 A1 US20110240314 A1 US 20110240314A1 US 201113089208 A US201113089208 A US 201113089208A US 2011240314 A1 US2011240314 A1 US 2011240314A1
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- Prior art keywords
- tube
- flow path
- inner tube
- recited
- optical fiber
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/18—Pipes provided with plural fluid passages
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1035—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers for plural rods, pipes or lines, e.g. for control lines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
- E21B23/08—Introducing or running tools by fluid pressure, e.g. through-the-flow-line tool systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
- E21B47/135—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency using light waves, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet waves
Definitions
- Optical fibers are used for carrying signals in a variety of applications, including telephony applications.
- the optical fibers are installed into ducting by “blowing” the fiber through the ducting.
- the ducting is open on both ends to allow the fiber to be blown through the entire duct.
- fluid drag forces also have been used to install fibers into individual control lines.
- well applications can create difficulties in deploying and retrieving optical fiber.
- the present invention provides a system and method for utilizing optical fiber in a well environment.
- a well system is combined with a tube-in-tube system designed to protect one or more internal optical fibers.
- the tube-in-tube system has an entry at one end and a turn around at an opposite end to enable fluid flow between a flow passage within an inner tube and a flow passage created in the space between the inner tube and a surrounding outer tube.
- An optical fiber is deployed in and protected by the tube-in-tube system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a well related system having a fiber optic system, according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of a specific example of a well system deployed in a wellbore with the fiber optic system, according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a view of one example of a turn around used in the fiber optic system illustrated in FIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a partial, orthogonal view of one example of a tube-in-tube arrangement used in the fiber optic system illustrated in FIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a partial, orthogonal view of another example of a tube-in-tube arrangement used in the fiber optic system illustrated in FIG. 1 , according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a view of one example of a splice that can be used in the fiber optic system, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view of one example of a well head outlet that can be used in the well system illustrated in FIG. 2 , according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention generally relates to a system and method for utilizing and protecting optical fibers in a variety of well related applications.
- a tube-in-tube technology enables fiber optic deployment and replacement via fluid pumping.
- the use of the tube-in-tube technology provides a single tubular form that reduces the number of hardware penetrations in many applications while providing greater protection to the optical fiber.
- the fiber optic protection system can be used in combination with various tubular well components, including wellbores, well completions, pipelines, flowlines, risers and other well related equipment.
- the unique design enables deployment and retrieval of a fiber optic line when access is only available at one end of the system.
- the fiber optic line can be deployed and/or retrieved via the use of fluid that may be pumped to create fluid drag forces.
- an inner tube of the tube-in-tube arrangement can be deployed and/or retrieved via fluid drag forces in at least some well related applications.
- the optical fibers can be deployed independently, in groups, and/or as pre-fabricated cable.
- the tube-in-tube technique not only provides physical protection but also provides multiple barriers against the influx of hydrogen. Hydrogen can attack and cause deterioration of fiber optic lines, but the dual walls of the tube-in-tube technology help block the hydrogen. Additionally, fluid can be circulated through the tube-in-tube structure to expel unwanted gases, e.g. hydrogen gases, which could otherwise degrade the internal fiber optic line.
- well system 20 comprises a tubular well component 22 and a fiber optic line protection system 24 for protecting one or more fiber optic lines 26 which may comprise optical fibers and/or optical fiber cable.
- the protection system 24 comprises a tube-in-tube system that provides a plurality of fluid flow paths as well as providing fiber optic line protection against physical damage and deleterious fluids.
- Well system 20 also may comprise other well related hardware 28 , and the design of protection system 24 enables passage through hardware 28 with a single penetration 30 .
- Tubular well component 22 may comprise a variety of well related components, depending on the specific application utilizing fiber optic line 26 .
- tubular well component 22 may comprise a well completion, a wellbore tubular, a pipeline, a flowline, a riser, or another type of well related component.
- the tube-in-tube protection system 24 can be positioned along tubular well component 22 in a variety of ways depending on the application.
- system 24 can be deployed across a well completion, behind a well completion, across one or more subterranean reservoirs, or as a free hanging member from a surface exit of a well.
- system 24 can be deployed along an exterior, inside, or across a pipeline, flowline or riser.
- the protection system 24 is deployed along the exterior of tubular well component 22 .
- the protection system 24 also can be deployed within tubular well component 22 , as indicated by dashed lines.
- tubular well component 22 comprises a tubing string having a well completion 32 deployed in a wellbore 34 .
- wellbore 34 is lined with a wellbore casing having perforations 38 that allow communication between wellbore 34 and a surrounding formation 40 .
- well completion 32 may be constructed with a variety of components and configurations
- the illustrated embodiment is provided as an example and comprises a packer 42 , a perforated tubing section 44 , and a tubing bullnose 46 .
- the perforated tubing section 44 enables communication between wellbore 34 and an interior of well completion 32 .
- protection system 24 comprises a tube-in-tube system that extends through packer 42 via single penetration 30 .
- the overall well system 20 also may comprise a variety of components and configurations, including, for example, a hangar 48 and a well head 50 .
- tubular well component 22 is suspended by hangar 48 and extends downwardly into wellbore 34 from well head 50 .
- Well head 50 may be positioned at a surface location 52 .
- protection system 24 may comprise a variety of components and may be arranged in various configurations.
- protection system 24 comprises tubes or conduits 54 that extend downwardly along tubular well component 22 to a fluid turn around 56 .
- the system 24 also may comprise one or more splices 58 for splicing sections of tubing together while maintaining the pressure integrity of the tubing 54 .
- tubing 54 encloses fiber optic line 26 and is routed through both packer 42 , via single penetration 30 , and through hangar 48 via another single penetration 30 .
- the tubing 54 and enclosed fiber optic line pass through well head 50 and out through a well head outlet 60 .
- the fiber optic line 26 can be joined with a surface cable 62 in a junction box 64 via a junction 66 .
- the junction box 64 also may comprise pressure seals used to seal the fiber optic line 26 to the tubing 54 containing the fiber optic line.
- Fluid turn around 56 is connected to a distal end of tubing 54 and is used to sealingly lock together an inner tube 68 and an outer tube 70 . (See also FIG. 4 ).
- the fluid turn around 56 anchors the inner tube 68 and the outer tube 70 at one end while allowing fluid flow between the inner tube and the outer tube.
- the fluid turn around 56 also is designed to maintain pressure integrity with respect to the surrounding environment.
- one embodiment of fluid turn around 56 comprises an outer housing 72 connected and sealed to an inner structure 74 having crossover flow passages 76 .
- Inner structure 74 also comprises a recessed portion 78 sized to receive outer tube 70 , as illustrated.
- Inner tube 68 extends through structure 74 into fluid communication with a cavity 80 formed between outer housing 72 and inner structure 74 .
- the inner structure 74 is sealed against inner tube 68 by a seal member 82 on one side of crossover flow passages 76
- inner structure 74 is sealed against outer tube 70 by a seal member 84 on an opposite side of passages 76 .
- Seal members 82 , 84 may be elastomeric or may be metallic, e.g. metallic ferrules, to form metal-to-metal seals.
- fluid turn around 56 is sealed with respect to inner tube 68 and outer tube 70 , fluid can be flowed along flow passages within inner tube 68 and within outer tube 70 without being affected by surrounding fluid.
- fluid can be flowed down through inner tube 68 along an inner tube flow passage, as represented by arrows 86 .
- the fluid is discharged from inner tube 68 into cavity 80 and directed upwardly through crossover flow passages 76 and into an outer tube flow passage, as represented by arrows 88 .
- the fluid can then be returned to, for example, a surface location.
- the outer tube flow passage represented by arrows 88 , comprises an annulus formed between inner tube 68 and outer tube 70 .
- the flow of fluid down through inner tube 68 can be used to deploy fiber optic line 26 , e.g. an optical fiber, as illustrated.
- the flowing fluid carries or drags the fiber optic line down through inner tube 68 .
- Retrieval of the fiber optic line 26 can be achieved simply by reversing the direction of flow and flowing fluid down through outer tube 70 along flow passage 88 , out through crossover flow passages 76 , through cavity 80 , and up through inner tube flow passage 86 .
- the flow of fluid along passages 86 , 88 can be used to deploy fiber optic line into the annulus between inner tube 68 and outer tube 70 .
- the fiber optic line may be deployed along both inner tube flow passage 86 and outer tube flow passage 88 as a single optical fiber loop or as separate optical fibers.
- tubing 54 may be formed in various configurations depending on the specific well application.
- the single inner tube 68 is deployed within the outer tube 70 , and fiber optic line 26 is protected within the inner tube 68 .
- the inner tube 68 may protect a plurality of fiber optic lines 26 , or a plurality of inner tubes 68 can be used to protect a plurality of fiber optic lines 26 , as illustrated in FIG. 5 .
- Additional or alternate fiber optic lines also can be routed along the space between the one or more inner tubes 68 and the surrounding outer tube 70 .
- outer tube 70 and inner tube 68 are relatively small in diameter.
- outer tube 70 may be constructed with a diameter of about 1 inch or less and often 0.25 inch or less
- inner tube 68 may be constructed with a diameter of 0.125 inch or less.
- the size of the inner tube 68 allows deployment of the inner tube 68 within outer tube 70 via fluid drag forces, at least in some applications.
- splice 58 is illustrated.
- splice 58 is used to splice sections of inner tube 68 and sections of outer tube 70 .
- the splice is formed in a sealed manner to prevent commingling of the fluid flowing along flow passages 86 and 88 with each other or with the surrounding environmental fluid.
- Splice 58 can be formed with a variety of components and configurations depending on the well environment and the configuration of overall protection system 24 .
- splice 58 comprises an outer housing 90 that is sealingly engaged with sections of outer tube 70 via seal members 92 and 94 .
- An inner splice structure 96 is used to sealingly engage sections of inner tube 68 via a lower seal member 98 and an upper seal member 100 .
- Seal members 92 , 94 , 98 , 100 may be elastomeric or may be metallic, e.g. metallic ferrules, to form metal-to-metal seals.
- Inner splice structure 96 is sized to fit within an internal cavity 102 of outer housing 90 in a manner that allows fluid flow past inner splice structure 96 between the inner splice structure and the surrounding outer housing 90 .
- Fluid flow along inner tube flow passage 86 can freely move through the sections of inner tube 68 and through inner splice structure 96 .
- the flow along outer tube flow passage 88 can freely move within outer tube 70 along the exterior of inner tube 68 and through splice 58 via the internal cavity 102 formed between inner splice structure 96 and outer housing 90 .
- the splice 58 enables sections of tubes 68 , 70 to be connected and anchored in place while maintaining pressure integrity with respect to each fluid flow path.
- the well head outlet 60 enables tubes 68 and 70 to pass through the well head 50 while maintaining the pressure integrity of the well.
- the outlet 60 also enables separation of each flow passage, e.g. flow passage 86 or 88 , from an individual tube into multiple flow access points while anchoring the flow tubes 68 and 70 in place.
- the well head outlet 60 also can be used to isolate each tube 68 , 70 separately and, in some applications, to provide a pressure seal with respect to the fiber optic line 26 once the fiber optic line is installed.
- well head outlet 60 comprises a flange 104 by which the well head outlet 60 is connected to the main structure of well head 50 .
- the flange 104 comprises a passage 106 sized to receive outer tube 70 and to form a seal with outer tube 70 via a seal member 108 .
- the well head outlet 60 further comprises an exterior housing 110 that is joined with flange 104 to form a cavity 112 .
- Outer tube 70 is in fluid communication with cavity 112 and either discharges fluid into cavity 112 or receives fluid from cavity 112 .
- Housing 110 further comprises a plurality of passages 114 for receiving tubing through which fluid flow is conducted.
- inner tube 68 may extend through one of the passages 114 while being sealed to housing 110 via a seal member 116 .
- Another passage 114 may receive a tubing 118 sealed to housing 110 via a seal member 120 .
- cavity 112 provides a fluid link between tubing 118 and outer tube 70 .
- fiber optic line 26 can be flowed into inner tube 68 through well head outlet 60 and through protection system 24 .
- the returning fluid can be routed along the outer tube flow passage 88 , out through cavity 112 , and through tubing 118 . Retrieval of fiber opic line 26 can be achieved by reversing the direction of fluid flow.
- the structure, size, and component configuration selected to construct fluid turn around 56 , splice 58 , and well head outlet 60 can vary from one application to another.
- the overall configuration of protection system 24 can change and be adapted according to the environment and types of well systems with which it is utilized. Regardless of the specific form, however, the protection system 24 is designed to provide simple hydraulic connections that allow rapid make-up, and to require no fiber splices during rig time.
- the tube-in-tube structure provides a compact solution in which one main conduit or outer tube is employed so as to have a minimal effect on hardware installation. For example, only a single feed through port is required at completion hardware such as packer 42 .
- tube-in-tube structure also allows fiber optic line 26 to be deployed or removed without requiring a work over rig.
- the optical fibers or fiber optic cable is simply deployed and retrieved by fluid flow in a first direction or a reverse direction. Fluid flow induced deployment and retrieval enables use of a continuous line of optical fiber from a surface location to a distal end of the protection system. Accordingly, the potential for signal losses and for breakage is reduced by avoiding fiber splices.
- Neutral fluids also can be used to purge inner tube 68 and outer tube 70 , thereby extending the life of the optical fibers.
- the tube-in-tube structure not only provides physical protection but it also protects the fiber optic line 26 by providing an additional hydrogen barrier.
- the additional hydrogen barrier slows the rate at which hydrogen migrates to the fiber optic line, thus prolonging the life of the system.
- the normal process for hydrogen to diffuse through metal is in the form of atomic hydrogen that results from the breakup of H2 molecules during corrosion. However, once the hydrogen diffuses through the outer tube 70 the H2 molecules normally re-form and must once again dissociate to penetrate inner tube 68 . Accordingly, the tube-in-tube structure provides a redundant hydrogen barrier.
- the structure also provides opportunities for the hydrogen to migrate to the surface and/or to be removed by circulating fluid through flow passages 86 , 88 to flush hydrogen from the system.
Abstract
A technique is provided for utilizing optical fiber in a well environment. A well system is combined with a tube-in-tube system designed to protect one or more internal optical fibers. The tube-in-tube system has an entry at one end and a turn around at an opposite end to enable fluid flow between a flow passage within an inner tube and a flow passage within an annulus between the inner tube and a surrounding outer tube. An optical fiber is deployed in and protected by the tube-in-tube system.
Description
- This application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/136,567, filed Jun. 10, 2008 entitled “System And Method For Deploying Optical Fiber” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/047303, filed Apr. 23, 2008, incorporated herein by reference.
- Optical fibers are used for carrying signals in a variety of applications, including telephony applications. The optical fibers are installed into ducting by “blowing” the fiber through the ducting. Generally, the ducting is open on both ends to allow the fiber to be blown through the entire duct. In some well related applications, fluid drag forces also have been used to install fibers into individual control lines. However, well applications can create difficulties in deploying and retrieving optical fiber.
- In general, the present invention provides a system and method for utilizing optical fiber in a well environment. A well system is combined with a tube-in-tube system designed to protect one or more internal optical fibers. The tube-in-tube system has an entry at one end and a turn around at an opposite end to enable fluid flow between a flow passage within an inner tube and a flow passage created in the space between the inner tube and a surrounding outer tube. An optical fiber is deployed in and protected by the tube-in-tube system.
- Certain embodiments of the invention will hereafter be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like elements, and:
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FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a well related system having a fiber optic system, according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of a specific example of a well system deployed in a wellbore with the fiber optic system, according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is a view of one example of a turn around used in the fiber optic system illustrated inFIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a partial, orthogonal view of one example of a tube-in-tube arrangement used in the fiber optic system illustrated inFIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a partial, orthogonal view of another example of a tube-in-tube arrangement used in the fiber optic system illustrated inFIG. 1 , according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 6 is a view of one example of a splice that can be used in the fiber optic system, according to an embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 7 is a view of one example of a well head outlet that can be used in the well system illustrated inFIG. 2 , according to an embodiment of the present invention. - In the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of the present invention. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these details and that numerous variations or modifications from the described embodiments may be possible.
- The present invention generally relates to a system and method for utilizing and protecting optical fibers in a variety of well related applications. For example, a tube-in-tube technology enables fiber optic deployment and replacement via fluid pumping. The use of the tube-in-tube technology provides a single tubular form that reduces the number of hardware penetrations in many applications while providing greater protection to the optical fiber.
- The technique can be used in well related applications with many types of equipment. For example, the fiber optic protection system can be used in combination with various tubular well components, including wellbores, well completions, pipelines, flowlines, risers and other well related equipment. Additionally, the unique design enables deployment and retrieval of a fiber optic line when access is only available at one end of the system. In many applications, the fiber optic line can be deployed and/or retrieved via the use of fluid that may be pumped to create fluid drag forces. Similarly, an inner tube of the tube-in-tube arrangement can be deployed and/or retrieved via fluid drag forces in at least some well related applications. The optical fibers can be deployed independently, in groups, and/or as pre-fabricated cable.
- With respect to protection, the tube-in-tube technique not only provides physical protection but also provides multiple barriers against the influx of hydrogen. Hydrogen can attack and cause deterioration of fiber optic lines, but the dual walls of the tube-in-tube technology help block the hydrogen. Additionally, fluid can be circulated through the tube-in-tube structure to expel unwanted gases, e.g. hydrogen gases, which could otherwise degrade the internal fiber optic line.
- Referring generally to
FIG. 1 , awell system 20 is illustrated according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment,well system 20 comprises atubular well component 22 and a fiber opticline protection system 24 for protecting one or more fiberoptic lines 26 which may comprise optical fibers and/or optical fiber cable. In this example, theprotection system 24 comprises a tube-in-tube system that provides a plurality of fluid flow paths as well as providing fiber optic line protection against physical damage and deleterious fluids.Well system 20 also may comprise other wellrelated hardware 28, and the design ofprotection system 24 enables passage throughhardware 28 with asingle penetration 30. -
Tubular well component 22 may comprise a variety of well related components, depending on the specific application utilizing fiberoptic line 26. For example,tubular well component 22 may comprise a well completion, a wellbore tubular, a pipeline, a flowline, a riser, or another type of well related component. The tube-in-tube protection system 24 can be positioned alongtubular well component 22 in a variety of ways depending on the application. For example,system 24 can be deployed across a well completion, behind a well completion, across one or more subterranean reservoirs, or as a free hanging member from a surface exit of a well. In other embodiments,system 24 can be deployed along an exterior, inside, or across a pipeline, flowline or riser. As illustrated inFIG. 1 , for example, theprotection system 24 is deployed along the exterior oftubular well component 22. However, theprotection system 24 also can be deployed withintubular well component 22, as indicated by dashed lines. - In
FIG. 2 , one example ofwell system 20 is illustrated as constructed for use in a wellbore environment. In this example,tubular well component 22 comprises a tubing string having awell completion 32 deployed in awellbore 34. In some embodiments,wellbore 34 is lined with a wellborecasing having perforations 38 that allow communication betweenwellbore 34 and a surroundingformation 40. - Although well
completion 32 may be constructed with a variety of components and configurations, the illustrated embodiment is provided as an example and comprises apacker 42, aperforated tubing section 44, and atubing bullnose 46. The perforatedtubing section 44 enables communication betweenwellbore 34 and an interior ofwell completion 32. In the embodiment illustrated,protection system 24 comprises a tube-in-tube system that extends throughpacker 42 viasingle penetration 30. Theoverall well system 20 also may comprise a variety of components and configurations, including, for example, ahangar 48 and a wellhead 50. In this example,tubular well component 22 is suspended byhangar 48 and extends downwardly intowellbore 34 fromwell head 50. Wellhead 50 may be positioned at asurface location 52. - Similarly,
protection system 24 may comprise a variety of components and may be arranged in various configurations. In the embodiment illustrated,protection system 24 comprises tubes orconduits 54 that extend downwardly alongtubular well component 22 to a fluid turn around 56. Thesystem 24 also may comprise one ormore splices 58 for splicing sections of tubing together while maintaining the pressure integrity of thetubing 54. In the example illustrated,tubing 54 encloses fiberoptic line 26 and is routed through bothpacker 42, viasingle penetration 30, and throughhangar 48 via anothersingle penetration 30. Thetubing 54 and enclosed fiber optic line pass throughwell head 50 and out through a wellhead outlet 60. Outside of wellhead 50, the fiberoptic line 26 can be joined with asurface cable 62 in ajunction box 64 via ajunction 66. Thejunction box 64 also may comprise pressure seals used to seal the fiberoptic line 26 to thetubing 54 containing the fiber optic line. - In
FIG. 3 , one example of fluid turn around 56 is illustrated. Fluid turn around 56 is connected to a distal end oftubing 54 and is used to sealingly lock together aninner tube 68 and anouter tube 70. (See alsoFIG. 4 ). The fluid turn around 56 anchors theinner tube 68 and theouter tube 70 at one end while allowing fluid flow between the inner tube and the outer tube. The fluid turn around 56 also is designed to maintain pressure integrity with respect to the surrounding environment. - As illustrated in
FIG. 3 , one embodiment of fluid turn around 56 comprises anouter housing 72 connected and sealed to aninner structure 74 havingcrossover flow passages 76.Inner structure 74 also comprises a recessedportion 78 sized to receiveouter tube 70, as illustrated.Inner tube 68 extends throughstructure 74 into fluid communication with acavity 80 formed betweenouter housing 72 andinner structure 74. Theinner structure 74 is sealed againstinner tube 68 by aseal member 82 on one side ofcrossover flow passages 76, andinner structure 74 is sealed againstouter tube 70 by aseal member 84 on an opposite side ofpassages 76.Seal members - Because fluid turn around 56 is sealed with respect to
inner tube 68 andouter tube 70, fluid can be flowed along flow passages withininner tube 68 and withinouter tube 70 without being affected by surrounding fluid. For example, fluid can be flowed down throughinner tube 68 along an inner tube flow passage, as represented byarrows 86. The fluid is discharged frominner tube 68 intocavity 80 and directed upwardly throughcrossover flow passages 76 and into an outer tube flow passage, as represented byarrows 88. The fluid can then be returned to, for example, a surface location. In the embodiment illustrated, the outer tube flow passage, represented byarrows 88, comprises an annulus formed betweeninner tube 68 andouter tube 70. - The flow of fluid down through
inner tube 68 can be used to deployfiber optic line 26, e.g. an optical fiber, as illustrated. The flowing fluid carries or drags the fiber optic line down throughinner tube 68. Retrieval of thefiber optic line 26 can be achieved simply by reversing the direction of flow and flowing fluid down throughouter tube 70 alongflow passage 88, out throughcrossover flow passages 76, throughcavity 80, and up through innertube flow passage 86. It should be noted that in other applications, the flow of fluid alongpassages inner tube 68 andouter tube 70. In some applications, the fiber optic line may be deployed along both innertube flow passage 86 and outertube flow passage 88 as a single optical fiber loop or as separate optical fibers. - Referring again to
FIG. 4 ,tubing 54 may be formed in various configurations depending on the specific well application. In the embodiment illustrated, for example, the singleinner tube 68 is deployed within theouter tube 70, andfiber optic line 26 is protected within theinner tube 68. In alternate embodiments, theinner tube 68 may protect a plurality offiber optic lines 26, or a plurality ofinner tubes 68 can be used to protect a plurality offiber optic lines 26, as illustrated inFIG. 5 . Additional or alternate fiber optic lines also can be routed along the space between the one or moreinner tubes 68 and the surroundingouter tube 70. In many applications,outer tube 70 andinner tube 68 are relatively small in diameter. By way of example,outer tube 70 may be constructed with a diameter of about 1 inch or less and often 0.25 inch or less, andinner tube 68 may be constructed with a diameter of 0.125 inch or less. The size of theinner tube 68 allows deployment of theinner tube 68 withinouter tube 70 via fluid drag forces, at least in some applications. - In
FIG. 6 , one embodiment ofsplice 58 is illustrated. In this embodiment,splice 58 is used to splice sections ofinner tube 68 and sections ofouter tube 70. The splice is formed in a sealed manner to prevent commingling of the fluid flowing alongflow passages Splice 58 can be formed with a variety of components and configurations depending on the well environment and the configuration ofoverall protection system 24. - As illustrated,
splice 58 comprises anouter housing 90 that is sealingly engaged with sections ofouter tube 70 viaseal members inner splice structure 96 is used to sealingly engage sections ofinner tube 68 via alower seal member 98 and anupper seal member 100.Seal members Inner splice structure 96 is sized to fit within aninternal cavity 102 ofouter housing 90 in a manner that allows fluid flow pastinner splice structure 96 between the inner splice structure and the surroundingouter housing 90. Fluid flow along innertube flow passage 86 can freely move through the sections ofinner tube 68 and throughinner splice structure 96. The flow along outertube flow passage 88 can freely move withinouter tube 70 along the exterior ofinner tube 68 and throughsplice 58 via theinternal cavity 102 formed betweeninner splice structure 96 andouter housing 90. Thesplice 58 enables sections oftubes - Referring generally to
FIG. 7 , one example ofwell head 50 andwell head outlet 60 is illustrated. Thewell head outlet 60 enablestubes well head 50 while maintaining the pressure integrity of the well. Theoutlet 60 also enables separation of each flow passage,e.g. flow passage flow tubes well head outlet 60 also can be used to isolate eachtube fiber optic line 26 once the fiber optic line is installed. - In the illustrated embodiment,
well head outlet 60 comprises aflange 104 by which thewell head outlet 60 is connected to the main structure ofwell head 50. Theflange 104 comprises apassage 106 sized to receiveouter tube 70 and to form a seal withouter tube 70 via aseal member 108. Thewell head outlet 60 further comprises anexterior housing 110 that is joined withflange 104 to form acavity 112.Outer tube 70 is in fluid communication withcavity 112 and either discharges fluid intocavity 112 or receives fluid fromcavity 112. -
Housing 110 further comprises a plurality ofpassages 114 for receiving tubing through which fluid flow is conducted. For example,inner tube 68 may extend through one of thepassages 114 while being sealed tohousing 110 via aseal member 116. Anotherpassage 114 may receive atubing 118 sealed tohousing 110 via aseal member 120. In the illustrated embodiment,cavity 112 provides a fluid link betweentubing 118 andouter tube 70. Accordingly,fiber optic line 26 can be flowed intoinner tube 68 throughwell head outlet 60 and throughprotection system 24. The returning fluid can be routed along the outertube flow passage 88, out throughcavity 112, and throughtubing 118. Retrieval offiber opic line 26 can be achieved by reversing the direction of fluid flow. - The structure, size, and component configuration selected to construct fluid turn around 56,
splice 58, and wellhead outlet 60 can vary from one application to another. Similarly, the overall configuration ofprotection system 24 can change and be adapted according to the environment and types of well systems with which it is utilized. Regardless of the specific form, however, theprotection system 24 is designed to provide simple hydraulic connections that allow rapid make-up, and to require no fiber splices during rig time. The tube-in-tube structure provides a compact solution in which one main conduit or outer tube is employed so as to have a minimal effect on hardware installation. For example, only a single feed through port is required at completion hardware such aspacker 42. - Use of the tube-in-tube structure also allows
fiber optic line 26 to be deployed or removed without requiring a work over rig. The optical fibers or fiber optic cable is simply deployed and retrieved by fluid flow in a first direction or a reverse direction. Fluid flow induced deployment and retrieval enables use of a continuous line of optical fiber from a surface location to a distal end of the protection system. Accordingly, the potential for signal losses and for breakage is reduced by avoiding fiber splices. Neutral fluids also can be used to purgeinner tube 68 andouter tube 70, thereby extending the life of the optical fibers. - The tube-in-tube structure not only provides physical protection but it also protects the
fiber optic line 26 by providing an additional hydrogen barrier. The additional hydrogen barrier slows the rate at which hydrogen migrates to the fiber optic line, thus prolonging the life of the system. The normal process for hydrogen to diffuse through metal is in the form of atomic hydrogen that results from the breakup of H2 molecules during corrosion. However, once the hydrogen diffuses through theouter tube 70 the H2 molecules normally re-form and must once again dissociate to penetrateinner tube 68. Accordingly, the tube-in-tube structure provides a redundant hydrogen barrier. The structure also provides opportunities for the hydrogen to migrate to the surface and/or to be removed by circulating fluid throughflow passages - Although only a few embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible without materially departing from the teachings of this invention. Such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (16)
1. A method, comprising:
deploying an optical fiber along a tubular for flowing a hydrocarbon based fluid;
positioning the optical fiber within an inner tube;
protecting the inner tube and the optical fiber with an outer tube surrounding the inner tube; and
using a fluid to move the optical fiber through the inner tube.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein using comprises providing access to the inner tube at only one end of the inner tube.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein deploying comprises deploying the optical fiber through wellbore hardware with only a single penetration.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein using comprises pumping the fluid through the inner tube, through a turn around, and through the outer tube external to the inner tube.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein positioning comprises positioning a plurality of optical fibers in a plurality of inner tubes.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising placing a splice along the inner tube and the outer tube while maintaining pressure integrity along both a flow path within the inner tube and a flow path along the annulus between the inner tube and the outer tube.
7. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising routing the inner tube and the outer tube through a well head outlet.
8. A system, comprising:
a well system;
a tube-in-tube system disposed along the well system, the tube-in-tube system having an entry at one end and a turn around at an opposite end; and
an optical fiber deployed in the tube-in-tube system.
9. The system as recited in claim 8 , wherein the well system comprises a completion system deployed in a wellbore.
10. The system as recited in claim 8 , wherein the tube-in-tube system comprises an inner tube within an outer tube, further wherein the optical fiber extends through at least one of the inner tube and the outer tube.
11. The system as recited in claim 8 , wherein a fluid is circulated between a first flow passage through the inner tube and a second flow passage along an annulus between the inner tube and the outer tube.
12. The system as recited in claim 8 , wherein the tube-in-tube system further comprises a splice.
13. A method, comprising:
placing an inner optical fiber tube within an outer tube to create an inner flow path through the inner tube and an outer flow path between the inner tube and the outer tube;
connecting the inner flow path with the outer flow path;
isolating the inner flow path and the outer flow path from the surrounding environment; and
deploying an optical fiber by circulating a fluid along the inner flow path and the outer flow path.
14. The method as recited in claim 13 , further comprising retrieving the optical fiber by reversing circulation of the fluid.
15. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein connecting comprises connecting the inner flow path and the outer flow path with a turn around positioned downhole in a wellbore.
16. The method as recited in claim 13 , further comprising separately routing the inner flow path and the outer flow path through a well head.
Priority Applications (1)
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US13/089,208 US20110240314A1 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2011-04-18 | System and method for deploying optical fiber |
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US4730308P | 2008-04-23 | 2008-04-23 | |
US12/136,567 US7946350B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2008-06-10 | System and method for deploying optical fiber |
US13/089,208 US20110240314A1 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2011-04-18 | System and method for deploying optical fiber |
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US12/136,567 Continuation US7946350B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2008-06-10 | System and method for deploying optical fiber |
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US13/089,208 Abandoned US20110240314A1 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2011-04-18 | System and method for deploying optical fiber |
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US12/136,567 Expired - Fee Related US7946350B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2008-06-10 | System and method for deploying optical fiber |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2469237B (en) | 2011-08-10 |
GB2459347B (en) | 2010-09-22 |
GB2469237A (en) | 2010-10-06 |
US20090266562A1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
US7946350B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 |
CA2658539C (en) | 2018-01-16 |
GB2459347A (en) | 2009-10-28 |
CA2658539A1 (en) | 2009-10-23 |
GB201011777D0 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
GB0904508D0 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
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