US20100189515A1 - tensoning device - Google Patents
tensoning device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100189515A1 US20100189515A1 US12/377,601 US37760107A US2010189515A1 US 20100189515 A1 US20100189515 A1 US 20100189515A1 US 37760107 A US37760107 A US 37760107A US 2010189515 A1 US2010189515 A1 US 2010189515A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- barrel
- tensioning device
- tendon
- cable
- actuator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical class CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/006—Anchoring-bolts made of cables or wires
Definitions
- the present invention relates broadly to a tensioning device for a strata support cable or tendon.
- Bolting In underground mining and strata control, bolting is generally recognised as the primary support system. Bolting involves grouting of a rock bolt within a bolt hole formed in the strata of an underground mine. The bolt is tensioned so that the strata surrounding the bolthole is held in compression. This technique has been extended to cables or tendons where a barrel and wedge fitting is attached to the cable and is tensioned using hydraulically actuated equipment.
- a tensioning device for a strata support cable or tendon comprising:
- the barrel fitting is externally threaded and the barrel actuator includes a nut threadably attached to the barrel fitting.
- the barrel fitting is of a 2-piece construction including a barrel head connected to a threaded barrel section.
- the locking means is in the form of a mechanical arrangement or chemical means.
- the mechanical locking arrangement includes a pin or rod slidably located in a corresponding hole in the barrel actuator and being configured for engagement with a mating recess in the barrel fitting. More preferably the pin or rod is in the form of a shear pin designed to break or fracture at a predetermined load to then permit movement of the barrel actuator relative to the barrel fitting.
- the mechanical locking arrangement includes a variation in the configuration of the external thread of the barrel fitting.
- the tensioning device also comprises a strata plate having a central aperture through which the cable or tendon passes.
- the strata plate is in the form of a volcano plate or dome plate.
- the tensioning device further comprises a bearing assembly coupled to the barrel fitting to prevent relative rotational movement, the bearing assembly being arranged to locate intermediate the barrel actuator and the strata plate for abutment with the barrel actuator on tensioning of the cable or tendon.
- the bearing assembly includes a domed washer being configured to abut the strata plate and permit angular installation of the cable or tendon relative to said plate.
- the bearing assembly also includes a friction washer, friction bearing, or thrust bearing located between the movable actuator and the domed washer.
- the domed washer includes a roughened or soft exterior surface being designed to engage a corresponding surface in the strata plate to prevent rotational movement whilst permitting tilting of the domed washer relative to the strata plate to accommodate angular installation of the cable or tendon.
- the threaded barrel fitting includes an axially oriented groove along its external surface, the groove being configured to engage a key in the domed washer to prevent rotational movement whilst allowing relative longitudinal movement.
- the groove is one of a pair of grooves located on opposing sides of the barrel fitting.
- the tensioning device also comprises a wedge assembly having an aperture for receipt of the cable or tendon, the wedge assembly having a tapered outside surface configured for engagement with a corresponding inside surface of the barrel fitting for clamping about the cable or tendon. More preferably the wedge assembly is shaped in the form of a conical frustum and is of a split design.
- the cavity in which the cable or tendon is placed is a pre-drilled cavity.
- the strata support cable or tendon is to be understood to include wire rope or strand.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a tensioning device of a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of a tensioning device of a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 there is a first tensioning device 1 for a strata support cable or tendon 80 .
- the tensioning device 1 comprises a barrel fitting 60 and a barrel actuator 50 .
- the barrel fitting 60 is elongate and adapted to slide over the cable or tendon.
- the barrel fitting 60 is in this example externally threaded.
- the barrel actuator 50 is movably connected to the barrel fitting 60 for longitudinal movement relative to the barrel fitting 60 .
- the tensioning device 1 also includes locking means 40 coupled to the barrel actuator 50 for releasable engagement with the barrel fitting 60 to temporarily prevent movement of the actuator 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60 .
- the tensioning device 1 is designed such that movement or preferably rotation of the barrel actuator 50 effects a corresponding movement of the cable or tendon for its placement in a pre-drilled cavity in the strata to be supported. This rotation also facilitates mixing of pre-installed resin or grout (not shown). Thereafter, release of the locking means 40 from the barrel fitting 60 permits longitudinal movement of the barrel actuator 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60 for tensioning of the cable or tendon within the cavity.
- the locking means is a mechanical locking arrangement including a pin or rod 40 located in a corresponding hole in the barrel actuator 50 .
- the pin or rod 40 is configured for engagement with a mating hole in the barrel fitting 60 .
- the pin or rod 40 is in the form of a shear pin designed to break or fracture at a predetermined load to then permit longitudinal movement of the barrel actuator 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60 .
- the locking means includes an adhesive, such as that sold under the LOCTITE brand, applied between the actuator 50 and the barrel fitting 60 .
- the adhesive is designed to release at a certain torque load when the cable or tendon is retarded from rotational movement by the pre-installed grout.
- the barrel actuator includes a nut 50 threaded to the barrel fitting 60 .
- the nut 50 is threaded on its internal bore so that it engages the threaded barrel fitting 60 whereby rotation of the nut 50 effects longitudinal movement of the nut 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60 .
- the nut 50 can be moved to a selected position for placement of the shear pin 40 in the aligned holes. The nut 50 is moved together with the barrel fitting 60 when the shear pin 40 engages the mating hole of the barrel fitting 60 .
- the tensioning device 1 also comprises a strata or “volcano” plate 10 having a central aperture through which the cable or tendon passes.
- the plate 10 has an internal rim which generally defines the central aperture and diverges away from the strata, such as a roof, rib or floor.
- the internal rim may have a slot which is oriented transverse to the rim.
- the tensioning device 1 further comprises a bearing assembly which includes a domed washer 20 being configured to abut the strata plate 10 and permit angular installation of the cable or tendon relative to the plate 10 .
- the bearing assembly also includes a generally flat friction washer or thrust bearing 30 and the dome washer 20 together being located between the barrel actuator 50 and the strata plate 20 .
- the friction washer 30 functions as a barrier to prevent any sparks and ignition of combustible gases which may be generated by the friction between the barrel actuator 50 and the dome washer 20 .
- the domed washer 20 may include a protrusion which would engage a corresponding slot in the strata plate 10 to prevent rotational movement whilst permitting tilting of the domed washer 20 relative to the plate 10 to accommodate angular installation of the cable or tendon.
- the threaded barrel fitting 60 is in cross-section asymmetric along an external portion of its length.
- the asymmetric portion is configured to engage the similarly configured domed washer 20 to prevent rotational movement whilst allowing relative longitudinal movement.
- the asymmetric portion in the present embodiment is at least in part defined by a flattened longitudinal section of the threaded barrel fitting 60 .
- the flattened section is shaped complementary to a corresponding section of the domed washer 20 .
- the tensioning device 1 also comprises a wedge assembly 70 having an aperture for receipt of the cable or tendon.
- the wedge assembly 70 has a tapered outside surface configured for engagement with a corresponding inside surface of an enlarged portion of the barrel fitting 60 to allow for clamping about the cable or tendon.
- the wedge assembly 70 is shaped in the form of a conical frustum and is of a split design.
- the wedge assembly 70 of this example has three substantially identical components separated by longitudinal splits. This enables the interior of the aperture of the wedge assembly 70 to clamp firmly onto the cable or tendon. As the wedge assembly 70 is wedged longitudinally into the enlarged portion of the barrel fitting 60 it closes about the cable or tendon.
- FIG. 2 there is a second tensioning device 2 for a strata support cable or tendon 800 . Due to the similarities between the first and the second embodiments, only the differences between the tensioning devices are described. For ease of referencing, features which are shown in the second embodiment and are similar to those of the first embodiment are designated using similar numbering with an additional zero at the end.
- a strata or “volcano” plate 100 of the second tensioning device 2 no longer has a slot, which is present in the strata plate 10 of the first tensioning device 1 . Instead, an internal rim of the strata plate 100 has a roughened or soft surface.
- a threaded barrel section of the second tensioning device 2 no longer has a flattened longitudinal section, which is present in the threaded barrel section of the first tensioning device 1 .
- the threaded barrel section now has two key ways which are shaped complementary to corresponding surfaces of a dome washer 200 of the second tensioning device 2 .
- the dome washer 200 no longer has a flattened surface, which is present in the dome washer 20 of the first tensioning device 1 .
- the threaded barrel section 600 no longer has a mating hole 40 , which is present in the first tensioning device 1 .
- the dome washer 200 no longer has a protrusion, which is present in the dome washer 20 of the first tensioning device 1 . Instead, the dome washer 200 now has a roughened or soft surface that engages a corresponding surface of the internal rim of the strata plate 100 . The roughened or soft surfaces provide a frictional force to prevent relative rotational movement between the strata plate 100 and the dome washer 200 .
- the second tensioning device 2 may have a friction bearing 300 , instead of a friction washer or thrust bearing 30 , which is present in the first tensioning device 1 .
- the friction bearing 300 consists of two sections separated by radially oriented roller bearings which provide a low friction rotating or sliding movement between the two sections.
- the second tensioning device 2 has a barrel head 650 which has all the features of the enlarged portion in the first tensioning device 1 .
- the barrel head 650 is detachably connected to the threaded barrel section 600 to form a complete barrel fitting.
- a locking means or mechanical locking arrangement 400 such as a roll or shear pin is fitted to the barrel head 650 and engages a corresponding hole in a barrel actuator 500 of the second tensioning device.
- the hole in the barrel actuator or actuator nut 500 of the second tensioning device 2 is located differently to the hole in the barrel actuator 50 of the first tensioning device.
- a bearing assembly of the second tensioning device 2 comprises the dome washer 200 and the friction bearing 300 .
- the actuator nut 500 is screwed onto the threaded barrel section 600 to a point where, on connecting the barrel head 650 with the threaded barrel section 600 , the hole in the actuator 500 and the locking means 400 align and will engage.
- the barrel head 650 is connected with threaded barrel section 600 to form the complete barrel fitting, whilst the locking means 400 engages with the holes.
- the threaded section 600 may be chilled and then allowed to expand into a tight fit with the barrel head 650 .
- the hole in the nut 50 is aligned with the mating hole in the barrel fitting and the shear pin 40 is then pressed into engagement with the aligned hole and mating hole.
- the strata support cable or tendon is at one end passed through the strata plate 10 and the bearing assembly into the barrel fitting 60 where it is clamped for attachment by the wedge assembly 70 .
- a drive tool of a drill rig or other drive means such as a dolly, socket or spanner (not shown) is fitted to the actuator nut 50 for placement of the cable or tendon in a strata cavity.
- the cavity has using known techniques been pre-drilled and prepared with resin or grout.
- the cable or tendon is progressively driven into the cavity by rotation of the actuator nut 50 and barrel fitting 60 to which it is locked via the shear pin 40 .
- the drill rig continues to exert a rotational force to the actuator nut 50 .
- the hardened resin retards rotation of the cable or tendon and the shear pin 40 is designed to fracture or shear at a predetermined torsional force exerted by the drive means.
- the actuator nut 50 rotates along the thread of the barrel fitting 60 and the nut 50 abuts the bearing assembly.
- the drive means is then used to further rotate the actuator nut 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60 for tensioning of the cable or tendon within the strata cavity.
- the flattened section or key ways of the barrel fitting 60 engage with the corresponding surface of the domed washer 20 to prevent relative rotational movement between these components.
- the protrusion or roughened surface of the domed washer 20 in turn engages with the slot or roughened surface of the internal rim of the strata plate 10 to prevent relative movement between these components.
- This embodiment of the invention can provide cable or tendon loads of up to 20 tonne.
- the tension loads may vary depending on the specific configuration of the tensioning device where for example a barrel fitting having a relatively fine pitched thread is capable of achieving high loads.
- the loads may also vary depending on the drive means used where for example a torque multiplier will provide increased tension loads.
- the locking means which engages the barrel fitting and actuator need not be limited to the mechanical or chemical types described but may take the form of a retractable latch or lock.
- the barrel actuator, roof plate and wedge assembly may take another form and shape.
- the actuator nut 50 may vary from that described and may for example be a castle-headed nut and retaining pin mechanism which eliminates the need for forming the hole in the nut.
- the present embodiment is, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
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Abstract
The present invention relates broadly to a tensioning device (1) for a strata support cable tendon (80). The tensioning device (1) comprises a barrel fitting (60) and a barrel actuator (50). The tensioning device (1) also includes locking means (40) coupled to the barrel actuator (50) for releasable engagement with the barrel fitting (60) to temporarily prevent movement of the actuator (50) relative to the barrel fitting (60). Release of the locking means (40) from the barrel fitting (60) permits longitudinal movement of the barrel actuator (50) relative to the barrel fitting (60) for tensioning of the cable or tendon (80) within the cavity.
Description
- The present invention relates broadly to a tensioning device for a strata support cable or tendon.
- In underground mining and strata control, bolting is generally recognised as the primary support system. Bolting involves grouting of a rock bolt within a bolt hole formed in the strata of an underground mine. The bolt is tensioned so that the strata surrounding the bolthole is held in compression. This technique has been extended to cables or tendons where a barrel and wedge fitting is attached to the cable and is tensioned using hydraulically actuated equipment. These prior art arrangements suffer from at least the following drawbacks:
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- i) the tensioning of cables and tendons is time consuming because they comprise multiple stages and thus are expensive operations;
- ii) the cables and tendons require relatively large pulling rigs to achieve high tension loads; and
- iii) existing designs are large and very heavy to handle creating additional occupational health and safety hazards.
- According to the present invention there is provided a tensioning device for a strata support cable or tendon, said device comprising:
-
- a barrel fitting being elongate and adapted to attach to the cable or tendon;
- a barrel actuator being movably connected to the barrel fitting for longitudinal movement relative to the barrel fitting; and
- locking means operatively coupled to the barrel actuator for releasable engagement with the barrel fitting, or vice versa, to temporarily prevent at least longitudinal movement of said actuator relative to the barrel fitting whereby movement of the barrel actuator effects a corresponding movement of the barrel fitting and the cable or tendon for its placement in a cavity and thereafter release of the locking means from the barrel fitting, or the barrel actuator, permits longitudinal movement of the barrel actuator relative to the barrel fitting for tensioning of the cable or tendon within the cavity.
- Preferably the barrel fitting is externally threaded and the barrel actuator includes a nut threadably attached to the barrel fitting. In another configuration the barrel fitting is of a 2-piece construction including a barrel head connected to a threaded barrel section.
- Preferably the locking means is in the form of a mechanical arrangement or chemical means.
- Preferably the mechanical locking arrangement includes a pin or rod slidably located in a corresponding hole in the barrel actuator and being configured for engagement with a mating recess in the barrel fitting. More preferably the pin or rod is in the form of a shear pin designed to break or fracture at a predetermined load to then permit movement of the barrel actuator relative to the barrel fitting. Alternatively the mechanical locking arrangement includes a variation in the configuration of the external thread of the barrel fitting.
- Preferably the tensioning device also comprises a strata plate having a central aperture through which the cable or tendon passes. In one example the strata plate is in the form of a volcano plate or dome plate.
- Preferably the tensioning device further comprises a bearing assembly coupled to the barrel fitting to prevent relative rotational movement, the bearing assembly being arranged to locate intermediate the barrel actuator and the strata plate for abutment with the barrel actuator on tensioning of the cable or tendon. More preferably the bearing assembly includes a domed washer being configured to abut the strata plate and permit angular installation of the cable or tendon relative to said plate. Even more preferably the bearing assembly also includes a friction washer, friction bearing, or thrust bearing located between the movable actuator and the domed washer. Still more preferably the domed washer includes a roughened or soft exterior surface being designed to engage a corresponding surface in the strata plate to prevent rotational movement whilst permitting tilting of the domed washer relative to the strata plate to accommodate angular installation of the cable or tendon.
- Preferably the threaded barrel fitting includes an axially oriented groove along its external surface, the groove being configured to engage a key in the domed washer to prevent rotational movement whilst allowing relative longitudinal movement. More preferably the groove is one of a pair of grooves located on opposing sides of the barrel fitting.
- Preferably the tensioning device also comprises a wedge assembly having an aperture for receipt of the cable or tendon, the wedge assembly having a tapered outside surface configured for engagement with a corresponding inside surface of the barrel fitting for clamping about the cable or tendon. More preferably the wedge assembly is shaped in the form of a conical frustum and is of a split design.
- Generally the cavity in which the cable or tendon is placed is a pre-drilled cavity.
- The strata support cable or tendon is to be understood to include wire rope or strand.
- In order to achieve a better understanding of the nature of the present invention a preferred embodiment of a tensioning device for a strata support cable or tendon will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a side view of a tensioning device of a first embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 2 is a side view of a tensioning device of a second embodiment of the present invention; - In a first embodiment of the invention, as shown in
FIG. 1 , there is a first tensioning device 1 for a strata support cable ortendon 80. The tensioning device 1 comprises a barrel fitting 60 and abarrel actuator 50. The barrel fitting 60 is elongate and adapted to slide over the cable or tendon. The barrel fitting 60 is in this example externally threaded. Thebarrel actuator 50 is movably connected to the barrel fitting 60 for longitudinal movement relative to the barrel fitting 60. The tensioning device 1 also includes locking means 40 coupled to thebarrel actuator 50 for releasable engagement with the barrel fitting 60 to temporarily prevent movement of theactuator 50 relative to thebarrel fitting 60. The tensioning device 1 is designed such that movement or preferably rotation of thebarrel actuator 50 effects a corresponding movement of the cable or tendon for its placement in a pre-drilled cavity in the strata to be supported. This rotation also facilitates mixing of pre-installed resin or grout (not shown). Thereafter, release of the locking means 40 from the barrel fitting 60 permits longitudinal movement of thebarrel actuator 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60 for tensioning of the cable or tendon within the cavity. - The locking means is a mechanical locking arrangement including a pin or
rod 40 located in a corresponding hole in thebarrel actuator 50. The pin orrod 40 is configured for engagement with a mating hole in the barrel fitting 60. In a preferred embodiment, the pin orrod 40 is in the form of a shear pin designed to break or fracture at a predetermined load to then permit longitudinal movement of thebarrel actuator 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60. - In an alternate form, the locking means includes an adhesive, such as that sold under the LOCTITE brand, applied between the
actuator 50 and the barrel fitting 60. The adhesive is designed to release at a certain torque load when the cable or tendon is retarded from rotational movement by the pre-installed grout. - The barrel actuator includes a
nut 50 threaded to the barrel fitting 60. Thenut 50 is threaded on its internal bore so that it engages the threaded barrel fitting 60 whereby rotation of thenut 50 effects longitudinal movement of thenut 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60. Thenut 50 can be moved to a selected position for placement of theshear pin 40 in the aligned holes. Thenut 50 is moved together with the barrel fitting 60 when theshear pin 40 engages the mating hole of the barrel fitting 60. - The tensioning device 1 also comprises a strata or “volcano”
plate 10 having a central aperture through which the cable or tendon passes. Theplate 10 has an internal rim which generally defines the central aperture and diverges away from the strata, such as a roof, rib or floor. The internal rim may have a slot which is oriented transverse to the rim. - The tensioning device 1 further comprises a bearing assembly which includes a
domed washer 20 being configured to abut thestrata plate 10 and permit angular installation of the cable or tendon relative to theplate 10. The bearing assembly also includes a generally flat friction washer or thrust bearing 30 and thedome washer 20 together being located between thebarrel actuator 50 and thestrata plate 20. The friction washer 30 functions as a barrier to prevent any sparks and ignition of combustible gases which may be generated by the friction between thebarrel actuator 50 and the dome washer 20. Thedomed washer 20 may include a protrusion which would engage a corresponding slot in thestrata plate 10 to prevent rotational movement whilst permitting tilting of thedomed washer 20 relative to theplate 10 to accommodate angular installation of the cable or tendon. - The threaded barrel fitting 60 is in cross-section asymmetric along an external portion of its length. The asymmetric portion is configured to engage the similarly configured
domed washer 20 to prevent rotational movement whilst allowing relative longitudinal movement. The asymmetric portion in the present embodiment is at least in part defined by a flattened longitudinal section of the threaded barrel fitting 60. The flattened section is shaped complementary to a corresponding section of thedomed washer 20. - The tensioning device 1 also comprises a
wedge assembly 70 having an aperture for receipt of the cable or tendon. Thewedge assembly 70 has a tapered outside surface configured for engagement with a corresponding inside surface of an enlarged portion of the barrel fitting 60 to allow for clamping about the cable or tendon. In this embodiment, thewedge assembly 70 is shaped in the form of a conical frustum and is of a split design. Thewedge assembly 70 of this example has three substantially identical components separated by longitudinal splits. This enables the interior of the aperture of thewedge assembly 70 to clamp firmly onto the cable or tendon. As thewedge assembly 70 is wedged longitudinally into the enlarged portion of the barrel fitting 60 it closes about the cable or tendon. - In a second embodiment of the invention, as shown in
FIG. 2 , there is a second tensioning device 2 for a strata support cable ortendon 800. Due to the similarities between the first and the second embodiments, only the differences between the tensioning devices are described. For ease of referencing, features which are shown in the second embodiment and are similar to those of the first embodiment are designated using similar numbering with an additional zero at the end. - A strata or “volcano”
plate 100 of the second tensioning device 2 no longer has a slot, which is present in thestrata plate 10 of the first tensioning device 1. Instead, an internal rim of thestrata plate 100 has a roughened or soft surface. - A threaded barrel section of the second tensioning device 2 no longer has a flattened longitudinal section, which is present in the threaded barrel section of the first tensioning device 1. Instead, the threaded barrel section now has two key ways which are shaped complementary to corresponding surfaces of a
dome washer 200 of the second tensioning device 2. Thedome washer 200 no longer has a flattened surface, which is present in thedome washer 20 of the first tensioning device 1. In addition, the threadedbarrel section 600 no longer has amating hole 40, which is present in the first tensioning device 1. - In addition, the
dome washer 200 no longer has a protrusion, which is present in thedome washer 20 of the first tensioning device 1. Instead, thedome washer 200 now has a roughened or soft surface that engages a corresponding surface of the internal rim of thestrata plate 100. The roughened or soft surfaces provide a frictional force to prevent relative rotational movement between thestrata plate 100 and thedome washer 200. - The second tensioning device 2 may have a friction bearing 300, instead of a friction washer or thrust
bearing 30, which is present in the first tensioning device 1. the friction bearing 300 consists of two sections separated by radially oriented roller bearings which provide a low friction rotating or sliding movement between the two sections. - The second tensioning device 2 has a
barrel head 650 which has all the features of the enlarged portion in the first tensioning device 1. In addition, thebarrel head 650 is detachably connected to the threadedbarrel section 600 to form a complete barrel fitting. A locking means ormechanical locking arrangement 400 such as a roll or shear pin is fitted to thebarrel head 650 and engages a corresponding hole in abarrel actuator 500 of the second tensioning device. In line with the location of the locking means orshear pin 400, the hole in the barrel actuator oractuator nut 500 of the second tensioning device 2 is located differently to the hole in thebarrel actuator 50 of the first tensioning device. A bearing assembly of the second tensioning device 2 comprises thedome washer 200 and the friction bearing 300. - During assembly of the second tensioning device 2, the
actuator nut 500 is screwed onto the threadedbarrel section 600 to a point where, on connecting thebarrel head 650 with the threadedbarrel section 600, the hole in theactuator 500 and the locking means 400 align and will engage. Once theactuator 500 is in the prescribed position, thebarrel head 650 is connected with threadedbarrel section 600 to form the complete barrel fitting, whilst the locking means 400 engages with the holes. The threadedsection 600 may be chilled and then allowed to expand into a tight fit with thebarrel head 650. In the first tensioning device 1, the hole in thenut 50 is aligned with the mating hole in the barrel fitting and theshear pin 40 is then pressed into engagement with the aligned hole and mating hole. - Operation of the tensioning devices of the alternate embodiments of the present invention are now described. To avoid duplication, reference has been made to the components of the first tensioning device only. The strata support cable or tendon is at one end passed through the
strata plate 10 and the bearing assembly into the barrel fitting 60 where it is clamped for attachment by thewedge assembly 70. - A drive tool of a drill rig or other drive means such as a dolly, socket or spanner (not shown) is fitted to the
actuator nut 50 for placement of the cable or tendon in a strata cavity. The cavity has using known techniques been pre-drilled and prepared with resin or grout. The cable or tendon is progressively driven into the cavity by rotation of theactuator nut 50 and barrel fitting 60 to which it is locked via theshear pin 40. Following placement of the cable or tendon and upon setting of the resin or grout, the drill rig continues to exert a rotational force to theactuator nut 50. The hardened resin retards rotation of the cable or tendon and theshear pin 40 is designed to fracture or shear at a predetermined torsional force exerted by the drive means. Theactuator nut 50 rotates along the thread of the barrel fitting 60 and thenut 50 abuts the bearing assembly. The drive means is then used to further rotate theactuator nut 50 relative to the barrel fitting 60 for tensioning of the cable or tendon within the strata cavity. - The flattened section or key ways of the barrel fitting 60 engage with the corresponding surface of the
domed washer 20 to prevent relative rotational movement between these components. The protrusion or roughened surface of thedomed washer 20 in turn engages with the slot or roughened surface of the internal rim of thestrata plate 10 to prevent relative movement between these components. This means that during tensioning of the cable or tendon it does not twist or develop a birdcaging effect at its lower portions relative to the upper section which is fixed by the resin or grout within the cavity. This embodiment of the invention can provide cable or tendon loads of up to 20 tonne. The tension loads may vary depending on the specific configuration of the tensioning device where for example a barrel fitting having a relatively fine pitched thread is capable of achieving high loads. The loads may also vary depending on the drive means used where for example a torque multiplier will provide increased tension loads. - Now that several preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in some detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the tensioning device has at least the following advantages over the admitted prior art:
-
- i) the placement and tensioning of the strata cable or tendon can be effected in a single operation;
- ii) the device is relatively light and thus easier to handle than existing designs; and
- iii) the device lends itself to a simpler installation without for example post-grouting.
- It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the invention as shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as broadly described. For example, the locking means which engages the barrel fitting and actuator need not be limited to the mechanical or chemical types described but may take the form of a retractable latch or lock. The barrel actuator, roof plate and wedge assembly may take another form and shape. The
actuator nut 50 may vary from that described and may for example be a castle-headed nut and retaining pin mechanism which eliminates the need for forming the hole in the nut. The present embodiment is, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
Claims (23)
1. A tensioning device for a strata support cable or tendon, said device comprising:
a barrel fitting being elongate and adapted to attach to the cable or tendon;
a barrel actuator being movably connected to the barrel fitting for longitudinal movement relative to the barrel fitting; and
locking means operatively coupled to the barrel actuator for releasable engagement with the barrel fitting, or vice versa, to temporarily prevent at least longitudinal movement of said actuator relative to the barrel fitting whereby movement of the barrel actuator effects a corresponding movement of the barrel fitting and the cable or tendon for its placement in a cavity and thereafter release of the locking means from the barrel fitting, or the barrel actuator, permits longitudinal movement of the barrel actuator relative to the barrel fitting for tensioning of the cable or tendon within the cavity.
2. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 wherein the barrel fitting is externally threaded and the barrel actuator includes a nut threadably attached to the barrel fitting.
3. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 wherein the barrel fitting is of a 2-piece construction including a barrel head connected to a threaded barrel section.
4. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 wherein the locking means is in the form of a mechanical arrangement or chemical means.
5. A tensioning device as defined in claim 4 wherein the mechanical locking arrangement includes a pin or rod slidably located in a corresponding hole in the barrel actuator and being configured for engagement with a mating recess in the barrel fitting.
6. A tensioning device as defined in claim 5 wherein the pin or rod is in the form of a shear pin designed to break or fracture at a predetermined load to then permit movement of the barrel actuator relative to the barrel fitting.
7. A tensioning device as defined in claim 2 wherein the mechanical locking arrangement includes a variation in the configuration of the external thread of the barrel fitting.
8. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 wherein the tensioning device comprises a strata plate having a central aperture through which the cable or tendon passes.
9. A tensioning device as defined in claim 8 wherein the tensioning device comprises a bearing assembly coupled to the barrel fitting to prevent relative rotational movement, the bearing assembly being arranged to locate intermediate the barrel actuator and the strata plate for abutment with the barrel actuator on tensioning of the cable or tendon.
10. A tensioning device as defined in claim 9 wherein the bearing assembly includes a domed washer being configured to abut the strata plate and permit angular installation of the cable or tendon relative to said plate.
11. A tensioning device as defined in claim 8 wherein the bearing assembly includes a friction washer, friction bearing, or thrust bearing located between the movable actuator and the domed washer.
12. A tensioning device as defined in claim 10 wherein the domed washer includes a roughened or soft exterior surface being designed to engage a corresponding surface in the strata plate to prevent rotational movement whilst permitting tilting of the domed washer relative to the strata plate to accommodate angular installation of the cable or tendon.
13. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 wherein the barrel fitting includes an axially oriented groove along its external surface, the groove being configured to engage a key in the domed washer to prevent rotational movement whilst allowing relative longitudinal movement.
14. A tensioning device as defined in claim 13 wherein the groove is one of a pair of grooves located on opposing sides of the barrel fitting.
15. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 also comprising a wedge assembly having an aperture for receipt of the cable or tendon, the wedge assembly having a tapered outside surface configured for engagement with a corresponding inside surface of the barrel fitting for clamping about the cable or tendon.
16. A tensioning device as defined in claim 15 wherein the wedge assembly is shaped in the form of a conical frustum and is of a split design.
17. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 wherein the cavity in which the cable or tendon is placed is a pre-drilled cavity.
18. A tensioning device as defined in claim 1 wherein the strata support cable or tendon includes wire rope.
19. A tensioning device for a strata support cable or tendon, said device comprising:
a barrel fitting being elongate and adapted to attach to the cable or tendon;
a barrel actuator being movably connected to the barrel fitting for longitudinal movement relative to the barrel fitting; and
a locking portion arranged to temporarily prevent at least longitudinal movement of said actuator relative to the barrel fitting whereby movement of the barrel actuator effects a corresponding movement of the barrel fitting and the cable or tendon for its placement in a cavity, and thereafter release of the locking portion permits longitudinal movement of the barrel actuator relative to the barrel fitting for tensioning of the cable or tendon within the cavity.
20. A tensioning device as defined in claim 19 wherein the barrel fitting is externally threaded and the barrel actuator includes a nut threadably attached to the barrel fitting.
21. A tensioning device as defined in claim 19 wherein the locking portion is constructed to release upon application of a predetermined load to then permit movement of the barrel actuator relative to the barrel fitting.
22. A tensioning device as defined in claim 19 wherein the tensioning device comprises a strata plate having a central aperture through which the cable or tendon passes, and a bearing assembly coupled to the barrel fitting to prevent relative rotational movement, the bearing assembly being arranged to locate intermediate the barrel actuator and the strata plate for abutment with the barrel actuator on tensioning of the cable or tendon.
23. A tensioning device as defined in claim 19 also comprising a wedge assembly having an aperture for receipt of the cable or tendon, the wedge assembly having a tapered outside surface configured for engagement with a corresponding inside surface of the barrel fitting for clamping about the cable or tendon.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2006904411 | 2006-08-14 | ||
AU2006904411A AU2006904411A0 (en) | 2006-08-14 | A tensioning device | |
PCT/AU2007/001141 WO2008019432A1 (en) | 2006-08-14 | 2007-08-14 | A tensioning device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20100189515A1 true US20100189515A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
Family
ID=39081825
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/377,601 Abandoned US20100189515A1 (en) | 2006-08-14 | 2007-08-14 | tensoning device |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100189515A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2052130A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101506467B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007284067B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2660562A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008019432A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
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WO2013033760A1 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-14 | Dywidag-Systems International Pty Limited | A tensionable cable bolt assembly |
DE102012206613A1 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-24 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Strand |
AU2014201857B2 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2016-05-05 | DSI Underground Australia Pty Limited | A tensionable cable bolt assembly |
CN109838258A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Anchorage |
WO2020093075A1 (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-07 | Epiroc Holdings South Africa (Pty) Ltd | Cable anchor with anti-spin coupler |
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KR100838978B1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2008-06-17 | 차이니즈 아카데미 오브 애그리컬쳐럴 엔지니어링 | Equipment and method for dry ferment |
WO2011026178A1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-03-10 | Fci Holdings Delaware, Inc. | Tensioning device |
DE102010024352A1 (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-22 | Firep Rebar Technology Gmbh | Improved tie rod made of fiber-reinforced plastic |
GB2531461B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2016-10-05 | Latchways Plc | Safety line anchor |
US10677057B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2020-06-09 | Ncm Innovations (Pty) Ltd | Pneumatic drill installed rock anchor |
AU2015403063B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2020-12-17 | Epiroc Drilling Tools Ab | Radially expansible rock bolt |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013033760A1 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-14 | Dywidag-Systems International Pty Limited | A tensionable cable bolt assembly |
AU2014201857B2 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2016-05-05 | DSI Underground Australia Pty Limited | A tensionable cable bolt assembly |
AU2012307074B2 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2016-05-05 | DSI Underground Australia Pty Limited | A tensionable cable bolt assembly |
DE102012206613A1 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-24 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Strand |
WO2013160103A2 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-31 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Strand anchor |
CN109838258A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Anchorage |
WO2020093075A1 (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-07 | Epiroc Holdings South Africa (Pty) Ltd | Cable anchor with anti-spin coupler |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2007284067B2 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
CN101506467A (en) | 2009-08-12 |
CA2660562A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
EP2052130A4 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
EP2052130A1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
AU2007284067A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
CN101506467B (en) | 2011-09-07 |
WO2008019432A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WMC NOMINEES PTY LIMITED, AUSTRALIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WOOLNOUGH, BRIAN;JUKES, NEVILLE;MARTIN, VINCENT;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20090316 TO 20090317;REEL/FRAME:024034/0763 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HILTI CORPORATION, LIECHTENSTEIN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WMC NOMINEES PTY LTD;REEL/FRAME:024765/0159 Effective date: 20091223 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO PAY ISSUE FEE |