US20100167926A1 - 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines and use thereof as fungicides - Google Patents

3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines and use thereof as fungicides Download PDF

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US20100167926A1
US20100167926A1 US12/530,767 US53076708A US2010167926A1 US 20100167926 A1 US20100167926 A1 US 20100167926A1 US 53076708 A US53076708 A US 53076708A US 2010167926 A1 US2010167926 A1 US 2010167926A1
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ethyl
phenoxy
dimethylphenyl
methylimidoformamide
group
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Klaus Kunz
Ralf Dunkel
Jorg Nico Greul
Kerstin Ilg
Birgit Kuhn
Wahed Ahmed Moradi
Thomas Seitz
Darren James Mansfield
Oliver Guth
Peter Dahmen
Ulrike Wachendorff-Neumann
Arnd Voerste
Robert Dale Mitchell
Tom Hough
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Bayer CropScience AG
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Bayer CropScience AG
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Priority claimed from DE102007029603A external-priority patent/DE102007029603A1/en
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Assigned to BAYER CROPSCIENCE AG reassignment BAYER CROPSCIENCE AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VORS, JEAN-PIERRE, HOUGH, TOM, MITCHELL, DALE ROBERT, KUHN, BIRGIT, GUTH, OLIVER, GREUL, JOERGE NICO, MANSFIELD, DARREN JAMES, VOERSTE, ARND, DAHMEN, PETER, WACHENDORFF-NEUMANN, ULRIKE, SEITZ, THOMAS, MORADI, WAHED AHMED, DUNKEL, RALF, ILG, KERSTIN, KUNZ, KLAUS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C205/00—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C205/27—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by etherified hydroxy groups
    • C07C205/35—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by etherified hydroxy groups having nitro groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C205/36—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by etherified hydroxy groups having nitro groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring or to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of the same condensed ring system
    • C07C205/38—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by etherified hydroxy groups having nitro groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring or to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of the same condensed ring system the oxygen atom of at least one of the etherified hydroxy groups being further bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring, e.g. nitrodiphenyl ethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/52—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing groups, e.g. carboxylic acid amidines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C217/00—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C217/78—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C217/80—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton having amino groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C217/82—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton having amino groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C217/90—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton having amino groups and etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring the oxygen atom of at least one of the etherified hydroxy groups being further bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring, e.g. amino-diphenylethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C257/00—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, the doubly-bound oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a doubly-bound nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom not being further bound to an oxygen atom, e.g. imino-ethers, amidines
    • C07C257/10—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, the doubly-bound oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a doubly-bound nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom not being further bound to an oxygen atom, e.g. imino-ethers, amidines with replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group by nitrogen atoms, e.g. amidines
    • C07C257/12—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, the doubly-bound oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a doubly-bound nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom not being further bound to an oxygen atom, e.g. imino-ethers, amidines with replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group by nitrogen atoms, e.g. amidines having carbon atoms of amidino groups bound to hydrogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
    • C07D265/30—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines not condensed with other rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/125—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituent nitrogen atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
    • C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
    • C07C2601/02—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a three-membered ring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines of the general formula (I), to a process for their preparation, to the use of the amidines according to the invention for controlling unwanted microorganisms and also to a composition for this purpose, comprising the phenoxyamidines according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms by applying the compounds according to the invention to the microorganisms and/or their habitat.
  • WO-A-00/046 184 discloses the use of arylamidines, including N-methyl-N-ethyl-N′-[4-(3-tert-butylphenoxy)-2,5-xylyl]-formamidine, as fungicides.
  • WO-A-03/093 224 discloses the use of arylamidine derivatives as fungicides.
  • WO-A-03/024 219 discloses fungicide compositions comprising at least one N2-phenylamidine derivative in combination with a further selected known active compound.
  • WO-A-04/037239 discloses antimycotics based on N2-phenylamidine derivatives.
  • WO-A-05/089 547 discloses fungicide mixtures comprising at least one arylamidine derivative in combination with a further known fungicidally active compound.
  • WO-A-05/120 234 discloses fungicide mixtures comprising at least one phenylamidine derivative and a further selected known fungicide.
  • amidines having an improved fungicidal effectiveness.
  • the present invention furthermore provides a process for preparing the 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines according to the invention which comprises at least one of the following steps (a) to (j):
  • a third subject matter of the invention are 3-substituted nitrophenyl ethers of the formula (VI)
  • a fourth subject matter of the invention are 3-substituted aniline ethers of the formula (VIII)
  • a fifth subject matter of the invention relates to aminoacetals of the formula (XIII)
  • a sixth subject matter of the present invention is the medicinal and nonmedicinal use of the 3-substituted phenoxyamidines according to the invention or of mixtures of these for controlling unwanted microorganisms.
  • a further subject matter of the invention relates to a composition for controlling unwanted microorganisms, comprising at least one phenoxyarylimine according to the present invention.
  • the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms, characterized in that the 3-substituted phenoxyamidines according to the invention are applied to the microorganisms and/or their habitat.
  • the invention relates to seed which has been treated with at least one 3-substituted phenoxyamidine according to the invention.
  • a final subject matter of the invention relates to a method for protecting seed against unwanted microorganisms by using seed treated with at least one phenoxyamidine according to the present invention.
  • halogens comprises, unless otherwise defined, those elements which are chosen from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, where fluorine, chlorine and bromine are preferably used and fluorine and chlorine are particularly preferably used.
  • Optionally substituted groups can be mono- or polysubstituted, where in the case of polysubstitution the substituents can be identical or different.
  • Alkyl groups substituted by one or more halogen atoms are, for example, selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethyl (CF 3 ), difluoromethyl (CHF 2 ), CF 3 CH 2 , ClCH 2 , CF 3 CCl 2 , CHF 2 CCl 2 .
  • alkyl groups are, unless otherwise defined, straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon groups which may optionally have one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S.
  • the alkyl groups according to the invention may optionally be substituted be further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′ 2 ), silyl (—SiR′ 3 ), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C ⁇ O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′ 2 ), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably a C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably a C 3-8 -alkyl group which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • C 1 -C 12 -alkyl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings methyl, ethyl, n-, isopropyl, n-, iso-, sec- and t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl.
  • cyclic C 3-12 -alkyl groups comprises the biggest range defined herein for a cyclic alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.
  • alkenyl groups are, unless otherwise defined, straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon groups which comprise at least one single unsaturation (double bond) and may optionally have one, two or more single or double unsaturations or one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S.
  • alkenyl groups according to the invention may optionally be substituted by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′ 2 ), silyl (—SiR′ 3 ), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C ⁇ O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′ 2 ), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably C 3-8 -alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • R′ represents hydrogen or a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably C 3-8 -alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S
  • C 2 -C 12 -alkenyl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkenyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings vinyl; allyl (2-propenyl), isopropenyl (1-methylethenyl); but-1-enyl (crotyl), but-2-enyl, but-3-enyl; hex-1-enyl, hex-2-enyl, hex-3-enyl, hex-4-enyl, hex-5-enyl; hept-1-enyl, hept-2-enyl, hept-3-enyl, hept-4-enyl, hept-5-enyl, hept-6-enyl; oct-1-enyl, oct-2-enyl, oct-3-enyl, oct-4-enyl, oct-5-enyl, oct-6-enyl, o
  • cyclic C 4-8 -alkenyl groups comprises the biggest range defined herein for a cyclic alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings
  • alkynyl groups are, unless otherwise defined, straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon groups which comprise at least one double unsaturation (triple bond) and may optionally have one, two or more single or double unsaturations or one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S.
  • alkynyl groups according to the invention may optionally be substituted by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′ 2 ), silyl (—SiR′ 3 ), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl-(—(C ⁇ O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′ 2 ), where R′ represents hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic C 1-12 -alkyl group which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • R′ represents hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic C 1-12 -alkyl group which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • cyclic C 4-8 -alkynyl groups comprises the biggest range defined herein for a cyclic alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings
  • C 2 -C 12 -alkynyl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkynyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings ethynyl (acetylenyl), prop-1-ynyl and prop-2-ynyl.
  • aryl groups are, unless otherwise defined, aromatic hydrocarbon groups which may have one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S and may optionally be substituted by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′ 2 ), silyl (—SiR′ 3 ), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C ⁇ O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′ 2 ), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably C 3-8 -alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • R′ represents hydrogen or a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably C
  • C 5-18 -aryl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an aryl group having 5 to 18 atoms. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings cyclopentadienyl, phenyl, cyclo-heptatrienyl, cyclooctatetraenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl.
  • C 5-18 -aryl groups which have one, two or more heteroatoms which are selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S are for example selected from the group consisting of 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl, 3-isoxazolyl, 4-isoxazolyl, 5-isoxazolyl, 3-isothiazolyl, 4-isothiazolyl, 5-isothiazolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 4-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, 1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl, 1,2,4-tria
  • arylalkyl groups are, unless otherwise defined, alkyl groups substituted by aryl groups which may have a C 1-8 -alkylene chain and may be substituted in the aryl skeleton or in the alkylene chain by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S and optionally by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′ 2 ), silyl (—SiR′ 3 ), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C ⁇ O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′ 2 ), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably C 3-8 -alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected
  • C 7-19 -aralkyl group comprises the biggest range defined herein for an aralkyl group having a total of 7 to 19 atoms in the skeleton and the alkylene chain. Preference is given to those C 7-19 -aralkyl groups having 5 or 6 carbon or heteroatoms in the aryl skeleton and from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkylene chain. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings benzyl and phenylethyl.
  • alkylaryl groups are, unless otherwise defined, aryl groups substituted by alkyl groups which may have a C 1-8 -alkylene chain and may be substituted in the aryl skeleton or the alkylene chain by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S and optionally by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′ 2 ), silyl (—SiR′ 3 ), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C ⁇ O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′ 2 ), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably C 3-8 -alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S and optionally
  • C 7-19 -alkylaryl group comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkylaryl group having a total of 7 to 19 atoms in the skeleton and the alkylene chain. Preference is given to those C 7-19 -aralkyl groups having 5 or 6 carbon or heteroatoms in the aryl skeleton and from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkylene chain. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings tolyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- or 3,5-dimethylphenyl.
  • alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl groups may furthermore have one or more heteroatoms which—unless otherwise defined—are chosen from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • heteroatoms replace the carbon atoms indicated.
  • the compounds according to the invention may, if appropriate, exist as mixtures of different possible isomeric forms, in particular stereoisomers, such as, for example, E- and Z-, threo- and erythro-, and also optical isomers, but, if appropriate, also tautomers.
  • stereoisomers such as, for example, E- and Z-, threo- and erythro-, and also optical isomers, but, if appropriate, also tautomers.
  • What is disclosed and claimed are both the E- and the Z-isomers, and also the threo- and erythro-, and also the optical isomers, any mixtures of these isomers, and also the possible tautomeric forms.
  • the 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines according to the invention are compounds of the formula (I)
  • n represents an integer from 0 to 12, preferably from 0 to 10, particularly preferably from 0 to 9;
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 2 and R 3 , R 2 and R 1 or R 1 and R 3 together with the atoms to which they are attached or if appropriate with further atoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S may form a four- to seven-membered, preferably a five- to six-membered ring which may be substituted by R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′ 2 ), silyl (—SiR′ 3 ), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′ 2 ) where R′ has the above meanings.
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 2 and R 3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached or with further atoms, selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S, may form a five- to six-membered ring which may be substituted by a C 1-12 -alkyl group, preferably C 2-10 -alkyl group, particularly preferably C 3-8 -alkyl group.
  • R 4 is preferably selected from the group consisting of:
  • n particularly preferably represents 0 or 1.
  • R 2 and R 3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached may form a piperidyl, pyrrolidyl or 2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl ring.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) have acidic or basic properties and can form salts, if appropriate also internal salts or adducts, with inorganic or organic acids or with bases or with metal ions.
  • Suitable metal ions are in particular the ions of the elements of the second main group, in particular calcium and magnesium, of the third and fourth main group, in particular aluminum, tin and lead, and of the first to eighth subgroups, in particular chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and others. Particular preference is given to the metal ions of the elements of the fourth period.
  • the metals can be present in the various valencies that they can assume.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) carry hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups or other groups inducing acidic properties, these compounds can be reacted with bases to give salts.
  • Suitable bases are, for example, hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, in particular those of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, furthermore ammonia, primary, secondary and tertiary amines having (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl groups, mono-, di- and trialkanolamines of (C 1 -C 4 )-alkanols, choline and also chlorocholine.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) carry amino groups, alkylamino groups or other groups which induce basic properties, these compounds can be reacted with acids to give salts.
  • inorganic acids examples include hydrohalic acids, such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid, and acidic salts, such as NaHSO 4 and KHSO 4 .
  • Suitable organic acids are, for example, formic acid, carbonic acid and alkanoic acids, such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and propionic acid, and also glycolic acid, thiocyanic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, alkylsulfonic acids (sulfonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylsulfonic acids or—disulfonic acids (aromatic groups, such as phenyl and naphthyl, which carry one or two sulfonic acid groups), alkylphosphonic acids (phosphonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylphosphonic acids or -diphosphonic acids (aromatic groups, such as phenyl and naphthyl, which carry one or two phosphonic acid
  • the salts obtainable in this manner also have fungicidal properties.
  • 3-Substituted phenoxyphenylamidines particularly preferred in connection with the present invention are selected from the group consisting of:
  • nitrobenze derivatives of the formula (III) are reacted with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) or the phenoxides formed therefrom in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give nitrophenyl ethers of the formula (VI):
  • Suitable leaving groups (Z) are all substituents having sufficient nucleofugicity under the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • suitable leaving groups to be mentioned are halogens, triflate, mesylate, tosylate or SO 2 Me.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a base.
  • Suitable bases are organic and inorganic bases which are usually used in such reactions. Preference is given to using bases which, for example, are selected from the group consisting of hydrides, hydroxides, amides, alkoxides, acetates, fluorides, phosphates, carbonates and bicarbonates of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Particular preference is given here to sodium amide, sodium hydride, lithium diisopropylamide, sodium methoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium acetate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, potassium fluoride, cesium fluoride, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and cesium carbonate.
  • tertiary amines such as, for example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, pyridine, N-methylpiperidine, N-methylpyrolidone, N,N-dimethylaminopyridine, diazabicyclooctane (DABCO), diazabicyclononene (DBN) and diazabicycloundecene (DBU).
  • DABCO diazabicyclooctane
  • DBN diazabicyclononene
  • DBU diazabicycloundecene
  • a catalyst chosen from the group consisting of palladium, copper and their salts or complexes may be used.
  • the reaction of the nitrobenzene derivative with the phenol can be carried out neat or in a solvent; preferably, the reaction is carried out in a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as, for example, petroleum ether, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene or decalin; halogenated hydrocarbons, such as, for example, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane or trichloroethane; ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), methyl tert-amyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane or anisole; nitriles, such as, for example, acetonitrile, propionitrile,
  • the reaction can be carried out under reduced pressure, at atmospheric pressure or under superatmospheric pressure and at temperatures of from ⁇ 20 to 200° C.; preferably, the reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of from 50 to 150° C.
  • nitrophenol derivatives of the formula (V) or the phenolates formed therefrom are reacted with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give nitophenyl ethers of the formula (VI):
  • step (a) With regard to the reaction conditions, the solvents, the catalysts and the suitable leaving groups (z), reference may be made to step (a).
  • anilines of the formula (VII) are reacted with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) or the phenoxides formed therefrom in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give aminophenyl ethers of the formula (VIII):
  • step (a) With regard to the reaction conditions, the solvents, the catalysts and the suitable leaving groups (z), reference may be made to step (a).
  • aminophenols of the formula (XII) are reacted with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give aminophenyl ethers of the formula (VIII):
  • step (a) With regard to the reaction conditions, the solvents, the catalysts and the suitable leaving groups (z), reference may be made to step (a).
  • step (e) can be carried out by any methods for reducing nitro groups described in the prior art.
  • the reduction is carried out using tin chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid, as described in WO 0046184.
  • the reduction can also be carried out by using hydrogen gas, if appropriate in the presence of suitable hydrogenation catalysts, such as, for example, Raney nickel or Pd/C.
  • suitable hydrogenation catalysts such as, for example, Raney nickel or Pd/C.
  • the reaction should take place in a solvent inert to the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • a solvent inert is, for example, toluene.
  • aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) can be obtained from the formamides described in JACS, 65, 1566 (1943), by reaction with alkylating agents, such as, for example, dimethyl sulfate.
  • reaction according to step (i) is preferably carried out in the presence of an acid.
  • Suitable acids are, for example, selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic acids, and p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid (gaseous, aqueous or in organic solution) or sulfuric acid.
  • step (ii) is, if appropriate, carried out in the presence of a halogenating agent.
  • Suitable halogenating agents are, for example, selected from the group consisting of PCl 5 , PCl 3 , POCl 3 or SOCl 2 .
  • reaction may alternatively be carried out in the presence of a condensing agent.
  • Suitable condensing agents are those usually employed for forming amide bonds; acid halide formers, such as, for example, phosgene, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus oxytrichloride or thionyl chloride; anhydride formers, such as, for example, chloroformate, methyl chloroformate, isopropyl chloroformate, isobutyl chloroformate or methanesulfonyl chloride; carbodiimines, such as, for example, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimine (DCC) or other customary condensing agents, such as, for example, phosphorus pentoxide, polyphosphoric acid, N,N′-carbodiimidazole, 2-ethoxy-N-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), triphenylphosphine/carbon tetrach
  • the reaction according to step (ii) is preferably carried out in a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as, for example, petroleum ether, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene or decalin; halogenated hydrocarbons, such as, for example, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane or trichloroethane; ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), methyl tert-amyl ether, dioxane,
  • the reaction according to step (iii) is preferably carried out in a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as, for example, petroleum ether, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene or decalin; halogenated hydrocarbons, such as, for example chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane or trichloroethane; ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), methyl tert-amyl ether, dioxane,
  • step (f) With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents, catalysts, reference may be made to step (f).
  • step (f) With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents, catalysts, reference may be made to step (f).
  • the amidines of the formula (XI) obtainable from step (h) can be reacted with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) or the phenoxides formed therefrom to give the target molecules of the formula (I) according to the invention, in accordance with the reaction scheme below:
  • step (a) With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents and catalysts, reference may be made to step (a).
  • the amidines of the formula (X) obtainable from step (g) can be reacted with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) to give the target molecules of the formula (I) according to the invention, in accordance with the reaction scheme below:
  • step (a) With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents, leaving groups (Z) and catalysts, reference may be made to step (a).
  • the final purification of the phenoxyamidines can be carried out using customary purification methods. Preferably, purification is carried out by crystallization.
  • amidines according to the invention exhibit a strong microbicidal action and can be used for controlling undesirable microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, in plant protection and in material protection.
  • Fungicides can be used in plant protection for controlling Plasmodiophoromycetes, Oomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.
  • Bactericides can be used in plant protection for controlling Pseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Streptomycetaceae.
  • diseases caused by pathogens of powdery mildew such as, for example, Blumeria species, such as, for example, Blumeria graminis; Podosphaera species, such as, for example, Podosphaera leucotricha; Sphaerotheca species, such as, for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea; Uncinula species, such as, for example, Uncinula necator; diseases caused by rust pathogens, such as, e.g., Gymnosporangium species, such as, for example, Gymnosporangium sabinae; Hemileia species, such as, for example, Hemileia vastatrix; Phakopsora species, such as, for example, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae; Puccinia species, such as, for example, Puccinia recondita; Uromyces species, such as, for example, Uromyces append
  • Phytophthora species such as, for example, Phytophthora infestans
  • Plasmopara species such as, for example, Plasmopara viticola
  • Pseudoperonospora species such as, for example, Pseudoperonospora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis
  • Pythium species such as, for example, Pythium ultimum
  • Cercospora species such as, for example, Cercospora beticola
  • Cladosporium species such as, for example, Cladosporium cucumerinum
  • Cochliobolus species such as, for example, Cochliobolus sativus (conidial form: Drechslera , syn: Helminthosporium ); Colletotric
  • Pseudomonas species such as, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans
  • Erwinia species such as, for example, Erwinia amylovora.
  • Rhizoctonia solani sclerotinia stem decay ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ), sclerotinia southern blight ( Sclerotinia rolfsii ), thielaviopsis root rot ( Thielaviopsis basicola ).
  • the active compounds according to the invention also exhibit a strong strengthening activity in plants. They are accordingly suitable for mobilizing intrinsic defenses of plants against attack by undesirable microorganisms.
  • plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) compounds are to be understood as meaning those materials which are capable of stimulating the defense system of plants such that the treated plants, on subsequent inoculation with undesirable microorganisms, exhibit extensive resistance to these microorganisms.
  • undesirable microorganisms are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses.
  • the substances according to the invention can thus be used to protect plants from attack by the harmful pathogens mentioned for a certain period of time after the treatment.
  • the period of time for which protection is brought about generally ranges from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after the treatment of the plants with the active compounds.
  • the active compounds according to the invention can be used particularly successfully in controlling cereal diseases, such as, e.g., Puccinia species, and diseases in viticulture and in the cultivation of fruit and vegetables, such as, e.g., Botrytis, Venturia or Alternaria species.
  • cereal diseases such as, e.g., Puccinia species
  • diseases in viticulture and in the cultivation of fruit and vegetables such as, e.g., Botrytis, Venturia or Alternaria species.
  • the active compounds according to the invention are also suitable for increasing the crop yield. In addition, they are of lower toxicity and are well tolerated by plants.
  • the active compounds according to the invention can also optionally be used, in specific concentrations and application amounts, as herbicides, for affecting plant growth and for controlling animal pests. They can optionally also be used as intermediates and precursors for the synthesis of additional active compounds.
  • plants and plant parts can be treated according to the invention.
  • plants are to be understood as meaning all plants and plant populations, such as desirable and undesirable wild plants or cultivated plants (including naturally occurring cultivated plants).
  • Cultivated plants can be plants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimization methods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods or combinations of these methods, including transgenic plants and including plant varieties which may or may not be protected by laws on variety certification.
  • Plant parts should be understood as meaning all above ground and subsoil parts and organs of plants, such as shoot, leaf, flower and root, examples which are listed being leaves, needles, stalks, stems, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits and seeds, and also roots, tubers and rhizomes.
  • Plant parts also include harvested crops, and also vegetative and generative propagation material, for example cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, slips and seeds.
  • the treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant parts with the active compounds is carried out directly or by acting on the environment, habitat or storage area thereof using conventional treatment methods, e.g. by dipping, spraying, evaporating, atomizing, scattering, spreading and, with propagation material, in particular with seeds, furthermore by coating with one or more layers.
  • mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 15-Ac-DON, 3-Ac-DON, T2 and HT2 toxin, fumonisins, zearalenone, moniliformin, fusarin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), beauvericin, enniatin, fusaroproliferin, fusarenol, ochratoxins, patulin, ergot alkaloids and aflatoxins, which can be caused, for example, by the following fungi: Fusarium spec., such as Fusarium acuminatum, F.
  • the substances according to the invention can be used for the protection of industrial materials from attack and destruction by undesirable microorganisms.
  • Industrial materials are to be understood in the present context as meaning nonliving materials which have been prepared for use in industry.
  • industrial materials which are to be protected by active compounds according to the invention from microbial change or destruction can be adhesives, sizes, paper and board, textiles, leather, wood, paints and plastic articles, cooling lubricants and other materials which can be attacked or destroyed by microorganisms.
  • parts of production plants for example cooling water circuits, which can be detrimentally affected by proliferation of microorganisms.
  • microorganisms which can decompose or modify industrial materials are bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and slime organisms.
  • the active compounds according to the invention are preferably active against fungi, in particular molds, wood-discoloring and wood-destroying fungi (Basidiomycetes), and against slime organisms and algae.
  • Alternaria such as Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus , such as Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium , such as Chaetomium globosum, Coniophora , such as Coniophora puetana, Lentinus , such as Lentinus tigrinus, Penicillium , such as Penicillium glaucum, Polyporus , such as Polyporus versicolor, Aureobasidium , such as Aureobasidium pullulans, Sclerophoma , such as Sclerophoma pityophila, Trichoderma , such as Trichoderma viride, Escherichia , such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas , such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus , such as Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Coniophora such as Coniophora puet
  • the present invention relates to a composition for controlling undesirable microorganisms, comprising at least one of the phenoxyamidines according to the invention.
  • the phenoxyamidines according to the invention can for this, depending on their respective physical and/or chemical properties, be converted into the standard formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, pastes, granules, aerosols, very fine encapsulations in polymeric substances and in coating materials for seed, and also ULV cold- and hot-fogging formulations.
  • standard formulations such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, pastes, granules, aerosols, very fine encapsulations in polymeric substances and in coating materials for seed, and also ULV cold- and hot-fogging formulations.
  • formulations are prepared in a known way, e.g. by mixing the active compounds with extenders, that is liquid solvents, liquefied gases under pressure and/or solid carriers, optionally with the use of surface-active agents, that is emulsifiers and/or dispersants and/or foaming agents.
  • extenders that is liquid solvents, liquefied gases under pressure and/or solid carriers
  • surface-active agents that is emulsifiers and/or dispersants and/or foaming agents.
  • water e.g., use may also be made, e.g., of organic solvents as cosolvents.
  • Possible liquid solvents are essentially: aromatic hydrocarbons, such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, e.g.
  • Liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are to be understood as meaning those liquids which are in the gas form at standard temperature and at standard pressure, e.g. aerosol propellants, such as halogenated hydrocarbons and also butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • Possible solid carriers are, e.g., ground natural minerals, such as kaolins, argillaceous earths, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as highly dispersed silica, aluminum oxide and silicates.
  • Possible solid carriers for granules are, e.g., broken and fractionated natural rocks, such as calcite, pumice, marble, sepiolite or dolomite, and also synthetic granules formed from inorganic and organic dusts, and also granules formed from organic material, such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks.
  • Possible emulsifiers and/or foaming agents are, e.g., nonionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, e.g. alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, and also protein hydrolyzates.
  • Possible dispersants are, e.g., lignosulfite waste liquors and methylcellulose.
  • stickers such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic polymers in the powder, granule or latex form, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and also natural phospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholipids.
  • Other possible additives are mineral and vegetable oils.
  • colorants such as inorganic pigments, e.g. iron oxide, titanium oxide, Prussian blue, and organic colorants, such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and trace elements, such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.
  • inorganic pigments e.g. iron oxide, titanium oxide, Prussian blue
  • organic colorants such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes
  • trace elements such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.
  • the formulations generally comprise between 0.1 and 95% by weight of active compound, preferably between 0.5 and 90%.
  • formulations described above can be used in a method according to the invention for controlling undesirable microorganisms, in which the phenoxyamidines according to the invention are applied to the microorganisms and/or to the habitat thereof.
  • the present invention therefore also relates in particular to a method for the protection of seed and germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi, by treating the seed with a composition according to the invention.
  • the invention likewise relates to the use of the compositions according to the invention for the treatment of seed to protect the seed and the germinating plant from phytopathogenic fungi.
  • the invention relates to seed which has been treated with a composition according to the invention in order to protect from phytopathogenic fungi.
  • One of the advantages of the present invention is that, because of the particular systemic properties of the compositions according to the invention, the treatment of the seed with these compositions not only protects the seed itself from phytopathogenic fungi but also protects the plants resulting therefrom after emergence from phytopathogenic fungi. In this way, the immediate treatment of the crop at the time of sowing or shortly thereafter can be dispensed with.
  • mixtures according to the invention can in particular also be used with transgenic seed.
  • compositions according to the invention are suitable for the protection of seed of any plant variety used in agriculture, in the greenhouse, in forests or in horticulture.
  • the seed concerned in this connection is in particular seed of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, millet and oats), maize, cotton, soya, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, beet (e.g., sugarbeet and forage beet), peanuts, vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), lawns and ornamental plants.
  • cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, millet and oats
  • maize cotton, soya, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, beet (e.g., sugarbeet and forage beet)
  • peanuts such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce
  • lawns and ornamental plants such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce
  • the composition according to the invention is applied to the seed alone or in a suitable formulation.
  • the seed is treated in a condition sufficiently stable for no damage to occur during the treatment.
  • the treatment of the seed can be carried out at any point in time between harvesting and sowing.
  • Use is usually made of seed which has been separated from the plant and freed from pods, shells, stalks, skins, hairs or fruit flesh.
  • seed which has been harvested, cleaned and dried up to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight it is also possible to use seed which, after drying, has been treated, e.g. with water, and then dried again.
  • compositions according to the invention can be applied immediately, thus without comprising additional components and without having been diluted. It is generally preferable to apply the compositions to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation.
  • suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to a person skilled in the art and are described, e.g., in the following documents: U.S. Pat. No. 4,272,417 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,245,432 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,430 A, U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,739 A, US 2003/0176428 A1, WO 2002/080675 A1, WO 2002/028186 A2.
  • the active compound combinations which can be used according to the invention can be converted into the usual seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other coating materials for seed, and also ULV formulations.
  • seed dressing formulations such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other coating materials for seed, and also ULV formulations.
  • formulations are prepared in a known way by mixing the active compounds or active compound combinations with conventional additives, such as, for example, conventional extenders and also solvents or diluents, colorants, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
  • conventional additives such as, for example, conventional extenders and also solvents or diluents, colorants, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
  • Suitable colorants which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all colorants conventional for such purposes.
  • use may be made both of pigments, which are sparingly soluble in water, and dyes, which are soluble in water. Mention may be made, as examples, of the colorants known under the descriptions Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Solvent Red 1.
  • Possible wetting agents which can be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all substances which promote wetting and are conventional in the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Use may preferably be made of alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, such as diisopropyl- or diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonates.
  • Suitable dispersants and/or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants conventional in the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Use may preferably be made of nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants. Mention may in particular be made, as suitable nonionic dispersants, of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and also tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers, and the phosphated or sulfated derivatives thereof. Suitable anionic dispersants are in particular lignosulfonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulfonate/formaldehyde condensates.
  • Antifoaming agents which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all foam-inhibiting substances conventional in the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Use may preferably be made of silicone defoaming agents and magnesium stearate.
  • Preservatives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all substances which can be used in agrochemical compositions for such purposes. Mention may be made, by way of example, of dichlorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.
  • Possible secondary thickeners which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all substances which can be used in agrochemical compositions for such purposes.
  • suitable are cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and highly dispersed silica.
  • Possible adhesives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all conventional binders which can be used in seed dressings. Mention may preferably be made of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose.
  • Gibberellins are known (cf. R. Wegler, “Chemie der convinced für Schweizer- and Shudlingsbekampfungsstoff” [Chemistry of Plant Protection and Pest Control Agents], Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, pp. 401-412).
  • the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be used, either directly or after prior diluting with water, for the treatment of seed of the most varied species.
  • the concentrates or the preparations which can be obtained therefrom by diluting with water can be used for the dressing of the seed of cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats and triticale, and also the seed of maize, rice, rape, peas, beans, cotton, sunflowers and beet, or also of vegetable seed of the most varied natures.
  • the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or the diluted preparations thereof can also be used for the dressing of seed of transgenic plants. In this connection, additional synergistic effects may also occur in interaction with the substances formed by expression.
  • All mixing devices which can be conventionally used for dressing are suitable for the treatment of seed with the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or the preparations prepared therefrom by addition of water.
  • the dressing procedure is such that the seed is introduced into a mixer, the amount of seed dressing formulation desired each time is added, either as such or after prior dilution with water, and mixing is carried out until the formulation is uniformly distributed over the seed. If appropriate, a drying operation follows.
  • the application rate of the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be varied within a relatively wide range. It depends on the respective content of the active compounds in the formulations and on the seed.
  • the application rates of active compound combination are generally between 0.001 and 50 g per kilogram of seed, preferably between 0.01 and 15 g per kilogram of seed.
  • the phenoxyamidines according to the invention can be used, as such or in their formulations, also in a mixture with known fungicides, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides or insecticides, in order thus, e.g., to broaden the spectrum of activity or to prevent the development of resistance.
  • a mixture with other known active compounds, such as herbicides, or with fertilizers and growth regulators, safeners or semiochemicals is also possible.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention also exhibit very good antimycotic activities. They have a very broad spectrum of antimycotic activity, in particular against dermatophytes and budding fungi, molds and diphasic fungi (e.g. against Candida species, such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata ), and also Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton species, such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporon species, such as Microsporon canis and audouinii . The enumeration of these fungi does not represent in any way a limitation on the mycotic spectrum which can be included but has only an illustrative nature.
  • the 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines according to the invention can accordingly be used both in medicinal and in nonmedicinal applications.
  • the active compounds can be applied as such, in the form of their formulations or in the form of the application forms prepared therefrom, such as ready-to-use solutions, suspensions, sprayable powders, pastes, soluble powders, dusts and granules. Application takes place in standard fashion, e.g. by pouring, spraying, atomizing, scattering, dusting, foaming, spreading, and the like. It is furthermore possible to apply the active compounds by the ultra-low-volume method or to inject the active compound preparation or the active compound itself into the soil.
  • the seed of the plant can also be treated.
  • the application rates of active compound are generally between 0.1 and 10 000 g/ha, preferably between 10 and 1000 g/ha.
  • the application rates of active compound are generally between 0.001 and 50 g per kilogram of seed, preferably between 0.01 and 10 g per kilogram of seed.
  • the application rates of active compound are generally between 0.1 and 10 000 g/ha, preferably between 1 and 5000 g/ha.
  • the method of treatment according to the invention can be used in the treatment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), e.g. plants or seeds.
  • GMOs genetically modified organisms
  • Genetically modified plants are plants in which a heterologous gene has been stably integrated into the genome.
  • the expression “heterologous gene” essentially means a gene which is provided or assembled outside the plant and when introduced in the nuclear, chloroplastic or hypoochondrial genome gives the transformed plant new or improved agronomic or other properties by expressing a protein or polypeptide of interest or by downregulating or silencing other gene(s) which are present in the plant (using, for example, antisense technology, cosuppression technology or RNA interference—RNAi technology).
  • a heterologous gene that is located in the genome is also called a transgene.
  • a transgene that is defined by its particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event.
  • the treatment according to the invention may also result in superadditive (“synergistic”) effects.
  • superadditive for example, reduced application rates and/or a widening of the activity spectrum and/or an increase in the activity of the active compounds and compositions which can be used according to the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soil salt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, bigger fruits, larger plant height, greener leaf color, earlier flowering, higher quality and/or a higher nutritional value of the harvested products, higher sugar concentration within the fruits, better storage stability and/or processability of the harvested products are possible, which exceed the effects which were actually to be expected.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention may also have a strengthening effect in plants. Accordingly, they are suitable for mobilizing the defense system of the plant against attack by unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses. This may, if appropriate, be one of the reasons for the enhanced activity of the combinations according to the invention, for example against fungi.
  • Plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances are to be understood as meaning, in the present context, those substances or combinations of substances which are capable of stimulating the defense system of plants in such a way that, when subsequently inoculated with unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses, the treated plants display a substantial degree of resistance to these unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses.
  • unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses.
  • the substances according to the invention can be employed for protecting plants against attack by the abovementioned pathogens within a certain period of time after the treatment.
  • the period of time within which protection is effected generally extends from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after the treatment of the plants with the active compounds.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably treated according to the invention include all plants which have genetic material which imparts particularly advantageous, useful traits to these plants (whether obtained by breeding and/or biotechnological means).
  • Plants and plant cultivars which are also preferably treated according to the invention are resistant against one or more biotic stresses, i.e. the said plants show a better defense against animal and microbial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or viroids.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to the invention are those plants which are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses.
  • Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought, cold temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, high light exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limited availability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to the invention are those plants characterized by enhanced yield characteristics.
  • Increased yield in the said plants can be the result of, for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such as water use efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen use, enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germination efficiency and accelerated maturation.
  • Yield can furthermore be affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stress conditions), including early flowering, flowering control for hybrid seed production, seedling vigor, plant size, internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod or ear number, seed number per pod or ear, seed mass, enhanced seed filling, reduced seed dispersal, reduced pod dehiscence and lodging resistance.
  • Further yield traits include seed composition, such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.
  • Plants that may be treated according to the invention are hybrid plants that already express the characteristics of heterosis or hybrid vigor which results in generally higher yield, vigor, health and resistance towards biotic and abiotic stress factors. Such plants are typically made by crossing an inbred male-sterile parent line (the female parent) with another inbred male-fertile parent line (the male parent). Hybrid seed is typically harvested from the male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male sterile plants can sometimes (e.g. in maize) be produced by detasseling (i.e. the mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs or male flowers) but, more typically, male sterility is the result of genetic determinants in the plant genome.
  • detasseling i.e. the mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs or male flowers
  • cytoplasmic male sterility were for instance described in Brassica species (WO 1992/005251, WO 1995/009910, WO 1998/27806, WO 2005/002324, WO 2006/021972 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,229,072).
  • male sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnology methods, such as genetic engineering.
  • a particularly useful means of obtaining male-sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396 in which, for example, a ribonuclease, such as a barnase, is selectively expressed in the tapetum cells in the stamens. Fertility can then be restored by expression in the tapetum cells of a ribonuclease inhibitor, such as barstar (e.g. WO 1991/002069).
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may be treated according to the invention are herbicide-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to one or more given herbicides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such herbicide tolerance.
  • Herbicide-tolerant plants are for example glyphosate-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or salts thereof.
  • glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming the plant with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS).
  • EPSPS 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase
  • EPSPS 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase
  • AroA gene mutant CT7 of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (Comai et al., Science (1983), 221, 370-371)
  • the CP4 gene of the bacterium Agrobacterium sp. Barry et al., Curr. Topics Plant Physiol.
  • Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate acetyl transferase enzyme as described in for example WO 2002/036782, WO 2003/092360, WO 2005/012515 and WO 2007/024782.
  • Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally-occurring mutations of the above-mentioned genes, as described in for example WO 2001/024615 or WO 2003/013226.
  • herbicide-resistant plants are for example plants that are made tolerant to herbicides inhibiting the enzyme glutamine synthase, such as bialaphos, phosphinotricin or glufosinate.
  • Such plants can be obtained by expressing an enzyme detoxifying the herbicide or a mutant of the glutamine synthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition.
  • One such efficient detoxifying enzyme is an enzyme encoding a phosphinotricin acetyltransferase (such as the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressing an exogenous phosphinotricin acetyltransferase are for example described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,561,236; U.S. Pat. No.
  • hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase HPPD
  • Hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenases are enzymes that catalyze the reaction in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is transformed into homogentizate.
  • Plants tolerant to HPPD inhibitors can be transformed with a gene encoding a naturally occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or a gene encoding a mutated HPPD enzyme as described in WO 1996/038567, WO 1999/024585 and WO 1999/024586.
  • Tolerance to HPPD inhibitors can also be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding certain enzymes enabling the formation of homogentizate despite the inhibition of the native HPPD enzyme by the HPPD inhibitor. Such plants and genes are described in WO 1999/034008 and WO 2002/36787. Tolerance of plants to HPPD inhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with a gene encoding an enzyme prephenate dehydrogenase in addition to a gene encoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme, as described in WO 2004/024928.
  • ALS inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyloxy(thio)benzoates and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides.
  • Different mutations in the ALS enzyme also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase, AHAS
  • AHAS acetohydroxyacid synthase
  • plants tolerant to imidazolinone and/or sulfonylurea can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in cell cultures in the presence of the herbicide or by mutation breeding as described for example for soybeans in U.S. Pat. No. 5,084,082, for rice in WO 1997/41218, for sugarbeet in U.S. Pat. No. 5,773,702 and WO 1999/057965, for lettuce in U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,599, or for sunflower in WO 2001/065922.
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may also be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i.e. plants made resistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such insect resistance.
  • An “insect-resistant transgenic plant”, as used herein, includes any plant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequence encoding:
  • an insect-resistant transgenic plant also includes any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding the proteins of any one of the above classes 1 to 8.
  • an insect-resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding a protein of any one of the above classes 1 to 8, to expand the range of target insect species affected or to delay insect resistance development to the plants by using different proteins insecticidal to the same target insect species but having a different mode of action, such as binding to different receptor binding sites in the insect.
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may also be treated according to the invention are tolerant to abiotic stresses. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress tolerance plants include:
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may also be treated according to the invention show altered quantity, quality and/or storage stability of the harvested product and/or altered properties of specific ingredients of the harvested product such as:
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods, such as genetic engineering which may also be treated according to the invention are plants, such as cotton plants, with altered fiber characteristics.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such altered fiber characteristics and include:
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods, such as genetic engineering
  • plants which may also be treated according to the invention are plants, such as oilseed rape or related Brassica plants, with altered oil profile characteristics.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such altered oil characteristics and include:
  • transgenic plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants which comprise one or more genes which encode one or more toxins, are the transgenic plants which are sold under the following trade names: YIELD GARD® (for example maize, cotton, soybeans), KnockOut® (for example maize), BiteGard® (for example maize), BT-Xtra® (for example maize), StarLink® (for example maize), Bollgard® (cotton), Nucotn® (cotton), Nucotn 33B® (cotton), NatureGard® (for example maize), Protecta® and NewLeaf® (potato).
  • YIELD GARD® for example maize, cotton, soybeans
  • KnockOut® for example maize
  • BiteGard® for example maize
  • BT-Xtra® for example maize
  • StarLink® for example maize
  • Bollgard® cotton
  • Nucotn® cotton
  • Nucotn 33B® cotton
  • NatureGard® for example maize
  • herbicide-tolerant plants examples include maize varieties, cotton varieties and soybean varieties which are sold under the following trade names: Roundup Ready® (tolerance to glyphosate, for example maize, cotton, soybean), Liberty Link® (tolerance to phosphinotricin, for example oilseed rape), IMI® (tolerance to imidazolinone) and SCS® (tolerance to sulfonylurea), for example maize.
  • Herbicide-resistant plants plants bred in a conventional manner for herbicide tolerance
  • Clearfield® for example maize.
  • transgenic plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants containing transformation events, or a combination of transformation events, that are listed for example in the databases from various national or regional regulatory agencies (see for example http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx and http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).
  • Evaluation is carried out 10 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • the compounds of the formulae 8, 37, 62 and 63 according to the invention shows at an active compound concentration of 100 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
  • N-ethyl-N-methyl-N′[4-phenoxy-2,5-xylyl]formamidine (according to formula I-a) is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • Evaluation is carried out 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • the compound of the formulae 8, 61-1 and 61-2 according to the invention shows, at an active compound concentration of 100 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
  • N-ethyl-N-methyl-N′-[4-phenoxy-2,5-xylyl]formamidine (according to formula I-a) is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • the plants are then placed in a greenhouse at about 21° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 90%.
  • Evaluation is carried out 10 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • the compound of the formulae 37, 62, 63 according to the invention shows, at an active compound concentration of 10 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
  • N-ethyl-N-methyl-N′-[4-phenoxy-2,5-xylyl]formamidine (according to formula I-a) is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • Evaluation is carried out 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • the compounds of the formulae 8, 37, 57-2, 61-1, 61-2, 62, 63, 64 according to the invention show, at an active compound concentration of 500 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
  • active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • Evaluation is carried out 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • the compounds of the formulae 37, 61-1, 62 and 66 according to the invention show, at an active compound concentration of 500 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
  • active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • the compounds of the formulae 37, 61-1, 63 and 66 according to the invention show, at an active compound concentration of 500 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.

Abstract

The present invention relates to 3-substituted phenylamidines of the general formula (I), to a process for their preparation, to the use of the amidines according to the invention for controlling unwanted microorganisms and also to a composition for this purpose, comprising the phenoxyamidines according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms by applying the compounds according to the invention to the microorganisms and/or their habitat.

Description

  • The present invention relates to 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines of the general formula (I), to a process for their preparation, to the use of the amidines according to the invention for controlling unwanted microorganisms and also to a composition for this purpose, comprising the phenoxyamidines according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms by applying the compounds according to the invention to the microorganisms and/or their habitat.
  • WO-A-00/046 184 discloses the use of arylamidines, including N-methyl-N-ethyl-N′-[4-(3-tert-butylphenoxy)-2,5-xylyl]-formamidine, as fungicides.
  • WO-A-03/093 224 discloses the use of arylamidine derivatives as fungicides.
  • WO-A-03/024 219 discloses fungicide compositions comprising at least one N2-phenylamidine derivative in combination with a further selected known active compound.
  • WO-A-04/037239 discloses antimycotics based on N2-phenylamidine derivatives.
  • WO-A-05/089 547 discloses fungicide mixtures comprising at least one arylamidine derivative in combination with a further known fungicidally active compound.
  • WO-A-05/120 234 discloses fungicide mixtures comprising at least one phenylamidine derivative and a further selected known fungicide.
  • The effectiveness of the amidines described in the prior art is good but in many cases leaves something to be desired.
  • Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide amidines having an improved fungicidal effectiveness.
  • Surprisingly, this object has been achieved by 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines of the formula (I)
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00001
  • in which
    • m represents an integer from 0 to 12;
    • R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and —CONR′2, where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group; —SH; —SR″, where R″ represents a C1-12-alkyl group which may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and —CONR′2, where R′ has the above meaning;
    • R2 is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and —CONR′2, where R′ has the above meanings;
    • R3 is selected from the group consisting of —CN, —SH, —SR″, —OR″, —(C═O)—R″, where R″ has the above meaning; straight-chain, branched C2-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in and the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and —CONR′2, where R′ and R″ have the above meanings;
      or in which
    • R2 and R3,
    • R2 and R1 or
    • R1 and R3 together with the atoms to which they are attached or together with further atoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S may form a four- to seven-membered ring which may be substituted by R′, OR′, SR′, NR′2, SiR′3 groups, where R′ has the above meanings;
    • R4 and R5 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —X, —CN, —SH, —SR″, —OR″, —(C═O)—R″, where R″ has the above meanings; straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl and C4-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings;
    • R6 and R7 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings;
    • R8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), straight-chain, branched C2-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings;
      and their salts.
  • The present invention furthermore provides a process for preparing the 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines according to the invention which comprises at least one of the following steps (a) to (j):
    • (a) reaction of nitrobenzene derivatives of the formula (III) with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00002
    • (b) reaction of nitrophenol derivatives of the formula (V) with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00003
    • (c) reaction of anilines of the formula (VII) with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00004
    • (d) reaction of aminophenols of the formula (XII) with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00005
    • (d) reduction of the nitrophenyl ethers of the formula (VI) to aniline ethers of the formula (VIII) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00006
    • (f) reaction of the aniline ethers of the formula (VIII) with
      • (i) aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
      • (ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
      • (iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00007
    • (g) reaction of the aminophenols of the formula (XII) with
      • (i) aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
      • (ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
      • (iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00008
    • (h) reaction of the aminophenols of the formula (VII) with
      • (i) aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
      • (ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
      • (iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00009
    • (i) reaction of amidines of the formula (XI) with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00010
    • (j) reaction of amidines of the formula (XI) with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00011
  • where in the above schemes
    Z represents a leaving group;
    m, R1 to R9 have the above meanings;
    and
    • R10 and R12 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl or C7-19-arylalkyl, C7-19-alkylaryl groups and in each case R10 with R12, R10 with R11 or R11 with R12 together with the oxygen atoms to which they are attached or if appropriate with further carbon, nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms may form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring;
    • R13 and R14 independently of one another independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl or C7-19-arylalkyl groups and together with the oxygen atoms to which they are attached may form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring.
  • A third subject matter of the invention are 3-substituted nitrophenyl ethers of the formula (VI)
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00012
  • in which
    m and R4 to R8 have the above meanings.
  • A fourth subject matter of the invention are 3-substituted aniline ethers of the formula (VIII)
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00013
  • in which
    m and R4 to R8 have the above meanings.
  • A fifth subject matter of the invention relates to aminoacetals of the formula (XIII)
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00014
  • in which
    • R1 to R3 have the above meanings and
    • R13 and R14 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl or C7-19-arylalkyl groups and which together may form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring.
  • A sixth subject matter of the present invention is the medicinal and nonmedicinal use of the 3-substituted phenoxyamidines according to the invention or of mixtures of these for controlling unwanted microorganisms.
  • A further subject matter of the invention relates to a composition for controlling unwanted microorganisms, comprising at least one phenoxyarylimine according to the present invention.
  • Moreover, the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms, characterized in that the 3-substituted phenoxyamidines according to the invention are applied to the microorganisms and/or their habitat.
  • Furthermore, the invention relates to seed which has been treated with at least one 3-substituted phenoxyamidine according to the invention.
  • A final subject matter of the invention relates to a method for protecting seed against unwanted microorganisms by using seed treated with at least one phenoxyamidine according to the present invention.
    • GENERAL DEFINITIONS
  • In connection with the present invention, the term halogens (X) comprises, unless otherwise defined, those elements which are chosen from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, where fluorine, chlorine and bromine are preferably used and fluorine and chlorine are particularly preferably used.
  • Optionally substituted groups can be mono- or polysubstituted, where in the case of polysubstitution the substituents can be identical or different.
  • Alkyl groups substituted by one or more halogen atoms (—X) are, for example, selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CHF2), CF3CH2, ClCH2, CF3CCl2, CHF2CCl2.
  • In connection with the present invention, alkyl groups are, unless otherwise defined, straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon groups which may optionally have one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S. Moreover, the alkyl groups according to the invention may optionally be substituted be further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C═O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably a C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably a C3-8-alkyl group which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • The definition C1-C12-alkyl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings methyl, ethyl, n-, isopropyl, n-, iso-, sec- and t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl.
  • The definition cyclic C3-12-alkyl groups comprises the biggest range defined herein for a cyclic alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.
  • In connection with the present invention, alkenyl groups are, unless otherwise defined, straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon groups which comprise at least one single unsaturation (double bond) and may optionally have one, two or more single or double unsaturations or one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S. Moreover, the alkenyl groups according to the invention may optionally be substituted by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C═O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably C3-8-alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • The definition C2-C12-alkenyl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkenyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings vinyl; allyl (2-propenyl), isopropenyl (1-methylethenyl); but-1-enyl (crotyl), but-2-enyl, but-3-enyl; hex-1-enyl, hex-2-enyl, hex-3-enyl, hex-4-enyl, hex-5-enyl; hept-1-enyl, hept-2-enyl, hept-3-enyl, hept-4-enyl, hept-5-enyl, hept-6-enyl; oct-1-enyl, oct-2-enyl, oct-3-enyl, oct-4-enyl, oct-5-enyl, oct-6-enyl, oct-7-enyl; non-1-enyl, non-2-enyl, non-3-enyl, non-4-enyl, non-5-enyl, non-6-enyl, non-7-enyl, non-8-enyl; dec-1-enyl, dec-2-enyl, dec-3-enyl, dec-4-enyl, dec-5-enyl, dec-6-enyl, dec-7-enyl, dec-8-enyl, dec-9-enyl; undec-1-enyl, undec-2-enyl, undec-3-enyl, undec-4-enyl, undec-5-enyl, undec-6-enyl, undec-7-enyl, undec-8-enyl, undec-9-enyl, undec-10-enyl; dodec-1-enyl, dodec-2-enyl, dodec-3-enyl, dodec-4-enyl, dodec-5-enyl, dodec-6-enyl, dodec-7-enyl, dodec-8-enyl, dodec-9-enyl, dodec-10-enyl, dodec-11-enyl; buta-1,3-dienyl, penta-1,3-dienyl.
  • The definition cyclic C4-8-alkenyl groups comprises the biggest range defined herein for a cyclic alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings
  • In connection with the present invention, alkynyl groups are, unless otherwise defined, straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon groups which comprise at least one double unsaturation (triple bond) and may optionally have one, two or more single or double unsaturations or one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S. Moreover, the alkynyl groups according to the invention may optionally be substituted by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl-(—(C═O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ represents hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic C1-12-alkyl group which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • The definition cyclic C4-8-alkynyl groups comprises the biggest range defined herein for a cyclic alkyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings
  • The definition C2-C12-alkynyl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkynyl group. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings ethynyl (acetylenyl), prop-1-ynyl and prop-2-ynyl.
  • In connection with the present invention, aryl groups are, unless otherwise defined, aromatic hydrocarbon groups which may have one, two or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S and may optionally be substituted by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C═O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably C3-8-alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • The definition C5-18-aryl comprises the biggest range defined herein for an aryl group having 5 to 18 atoms. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings cyclopentadienyl, phenyl, cyclo-heptatrienyl, cyclooctatetraenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl.
  • The definition C5-18-aryl groups which have one, two or more heteroatoms which are selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S are for example selected from the group consisting of 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl, 3-isoxazolyl, 4-isoxazolyl, 5-isoxazolyl, 3-isothiazolyl, 4-isothiazolyl, 5-isothiazolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 4-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl, 1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl, 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl, 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl and 1,3,4-triazol-2-yl; 1-pyrrolyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 1-imidazolyl, 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl, 1,3,4-triazol-1-yl; 3-pyridazinyl, 4-pyridazinyl, 2-pyrimidinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 5-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyrazinyl, 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl and 1,2,4-triazin-3-yl.
  • In connection with the present invention, arylalkyl groups (aralkyl groups) are, unless otherwise defined, alkyl groups substituted by aryl groups which may have a C1-8-alkylene chain and may be substituted in the aryl skeleton or in the alkylene chain by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S and optionally by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C═O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably C3-8-alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • The definition C7-19-aralkyl group comprises the biggest range defined herein for an aralkyl group having a total of 7 to 19 atoms in the skeleton and the alkylene chain. Preference is given to those C7-19-aralkyl groups having 5 or 6 carbon or heteroatoms in the aryl skeleton and from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkylene chain. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings benzyl and phenylethyl.
  • In connection with the present invention, alkylaryl groups (alkaryl groups) are, unless otherwise defined, aryl groups substituted by alkyl groups which may have a C1-8-alkylene chain and may be substituted in the aryl skeleton or the alkylene chain by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, P and S and optionally by further groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), acyl (—(C═O)R′) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably C3-8-alkyl group, which may have one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S.
  • The definition C7-19-alkylaryl group comprises the biggest range defined herein for an alkylaryl group having a total of 7 to 19 atoms in the skeleton and the alkylene chain. Preference is given to those C7-19-aralkyl groups having 5 or 6 carbon or heteroatoms in the aryl skeleton and from 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkylene chain. Specifically, this definition comprises, for example, the meanings tolyl, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- or 3,5-dimethylphenyl.
  • The alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl groups may furthermore have one or more heteroatoms which—unless otherwise defined—are chosen from the group consisting of N, O, P and S. Here, the heteroatoms replace the carbon atoms indicated.
  • The compounds according to the invention may, if appropriate, exist as mixtures of different possible isomeric forms, in particular stereoisomers, such as, for example, E- and Z-, threo- and erythro-, and also optical isomers, but, if appropriate, also tautomers. What is disclosed and claimed are both the E- and the Z-isomers, and also the threo- and erythro-, and also the optical isomers, any mixtures of these isomers, and also the possible tautomeric forms.
  • The 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines according to the invention are compounds of the formula (I)
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00015
  • or their salts, N-oxides, metal complexes and their stereoisomers.
  • In the formula (I), the groups have the meanings defined below. The given definitions also apply to all intermediates:
  • m represents an integer from 0 to 12, preferably from 0 to 10, particularly preferably from 0 to 9;
    R1 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • hydrogen;
      • straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl groups or cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl or C4-8-alkynyl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably C3-8-alkyl group;
      • mercapto (—SH) and thioether groups (—SR″), where R″ represents a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably C3-8-alkyl group, which may be substituted by groups which are selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (−CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings.
        R2 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • straight-chain or branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings.
        R3 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • cyano (—CN), mercapto (—SH), thioether (—SR″), alkoxy (—OR″) and acyl groups (—(C═O)—R″), where R′ has the above meanings;
      • straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings.
  • In an alternative embodiment according to the invention, R2 and R3, R2 and R1 or R1 and R3 together with the atoms to which they are attached or if appropriate with further atoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S may form a four- to seven-membered, preferably a five- to six-membered ring which may be substituted by R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2) where R′ has the above meanings.
  • R4 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • halogen atoms (X—);
      • cyano (—CN), mercapto (—SH), thioether (—SR″), alkoxy (—OR″) and acyl groups (—(C═O)—R″), where R″ has the above meanings;
      • straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl, C4-12-alkynyl groups, C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings.
        R5 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • hydrogen;
      • halogen atoms (X—);
      • cyano (—CN), mercapto (—SH), thioether (—SR″), alkoxy (—OR″) and acyl groups (—(C═O)—R″), where R″ has the above meanings;
      • straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings.
        R6 and R7 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of:
      • hydrogen;
      • straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl groups, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings.
        R8 is selected from the group consisting of:
      • hydrogen; halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2),
      • straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-8-alkyl, C4-8-alkenyl, C4-8-alkynyl groups or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings.
  • In formula (I), the groups have the preferred meanings defined below. The definitions given as being preferred likewise apply to all intermediates:
    • m is preferably selected from the group consisting of integers from 0 to 2.
    • R1 is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a mercapto group (—SH) or C1-8-alkyl group.
    • R2 is preferably selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched, C1-8-alkyl groups.
    • R3 is preferably selected from the group consisting of straight-chain, branched C2-8-alkyl groups and alicyclic C3-8-alkyl groups.
  • In an alternative preferred embodiment according to the invention, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached or with further atoms, selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S, may form a five- to six-membered ring which may be substituted by a C1-12-alkyl group, preferably C2-10-alkyl group, particularly preferably C3-8-alkyl group.
  • R4 is preferably selected from the group consisting of:
      • halogen atoms (—X);
      • straight-chain or branched C1-8-alkyl groups or C1-5-haloalkyl groups.
        R5 is preferably selected from the group consisting of:
      • halogen atoms (—X);
      • straight-chain or branched C1-8-alkyl groups or C1-5-haloalkyl groups.
        R6 and R7 independently of one another are preferably selected from the group consisting of:
      • hydrogen and
      • C1-8-alkyl groups.
        R8 is preferably selected from the group consisting of:
      • hydrogen and
      • straight-chain, branched C2-8-alkyl groups, alicyclic or heterocyclic C3-8-alkyl groups, OR′, —SiR′3 groups, where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group.
  • In the formula (I), the groups have the particularly preferred meanings defined below. The definitions given as being particularly preferred likewise apply to all intermediates:
  • m particularly preferably represents 0 or 1.
    • R1 is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of
      • hydrogen,
      • mercapto (—SH), methyl and ethyl.
    • R2 is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl.
    • R3 is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of ethyl and cyclopropyl.
  • In a particularly preferred alternative embodiment according to the invention, R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached may form a piperidyl, pyrrolidyl or 2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl ring.
    • R4 is particularly preferably selected from Cl and F atoms and —CF3, —CF2H and methy.
    • R5 is independently of R4 particularly preferably selected from Cl and F atoms and —CF3, —CF2H and methyl.
  • Depending on the nature of the substituents defined above, the compounds of the formula (I) have acidic or basic properties and can form salts, if appropriate also internal salts or adducts, with inorganic or organic acids or with bases or with metal ions.
  • Suitable metal ions are in particular the ions of the elements of the second main group, in particular calcium and magnesium, of the third and fourth main group, in particular aluminum, tin and lead, and of the first to eighth subgroups, in particular chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and others. Particular preference is given to the metal ions of the elements of the fourth period. Here, the metals can be present in the various valencies that they can assume.
  • If the compounds of the formula (I) carry hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups or other groups inducing acidic properties, these compounds can be reacted with bases to give salts.
  • Suitable bases are, for example, hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, in particular those of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, furthermore ammonia, primary, secondary and tertiary amines having (C1-C4)-alkyl groups, mono-, di- and trialkanolamines of (C1-C4)-alkanols, choline and also chlorocholine.
  • If the compounds of the formula (I) carry amino groups, alkylamino groups or other groups which induce basic properties, these compounds can be reacted with acids to give salts.
  • Examples of inorganic acids are hydrohalic acids, such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid, and acidic salts, such as NaHSO4 and KHSO4.
  • Suitable organic acids are, for example, formic acid, carbonic acid and alkanoic acids, such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and propionic acid, and also glycolic acid, thiocyanic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, alkylsulfonic acids (sulfonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylsulfonic acids or—disulfonic acids (aromatic groups, such as phenyl and naphthyl, which carry one or two sulfonic acid groups), alkylphosphonic acids (phosphonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylphosphonic acids or -diphosphonic acids (aromatic groups, such as phenyl and naphthyl, which carry one or two phosphonic acid groups), where the alkyl and aryl group may carry further substituents, for example p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, p-aminosalicylic acid, 2-phenoxybenzoic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, etc.
  • The salts obtainable in this manner also have fungicidal properties.
  • 3-Substituted phenoxyphenylamidines particularly preferred in connection with the present invention are selected from the group consisting of:
  • N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (1), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxybutyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (2), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (3), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylprop-2-yn-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (4), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (5), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(1-methylenepropyl)-phenoxy]-phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (6-1), N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(1E/Z)-1-methylprop-1-en-1-yl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (6-2), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(1,1,2-trimethylpropyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (7), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (8), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (9), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (10), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (11), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-phenylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (12), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (13), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylbutyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (14), N′-{4-[3-(1-eth-oxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (15), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (16), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (17), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-propyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (18), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (19), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (20), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1-methylbutyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (21), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (22), N′-{4-[3-(1-butoxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (23), N′-{4-[3-(1-butoxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (24), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-ethyl-1-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (25), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-ethyl-1-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamide (26), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (27), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyprop-2-yn-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (28), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (29), N′-{4-[3-(1-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (30), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1-phenyl-ethyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (31), N′-{4-[3-(1-butoxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (32), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (33), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (34), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxybut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (35), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (36), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxyprop-2-yn-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (37), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamide (38), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]-phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (39), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxybut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (40), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)phen-oxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (41), N′-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(3-{2,2,2-trifluoro-1-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]ethyl}phenoxy)phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (42), N′-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(3-{2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-1-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]ethyl}phenoxy)phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-imidoformamide (43), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (44), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-methoxyethyl)phen-oxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (45), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (46-1), N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (46-2), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (47), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbutyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (48), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (49), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (50), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (51), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (52), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamide (53-1), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamideinium oxalate (53-2), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (54), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamide (55), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy-(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamide (56-1), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamideinium mesylate (56-2), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimido-formamideinium oxalate (56-3), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy(phenyl)methyl]-phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamideinium chloride (56-4), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(3-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (57-1), N′-{4-[3-(3-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-isopropyl-N-methylimidoformamide (57-2), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-isopropyl-N-methylimidoformamide (58), N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-imidoformamide (59), 2-[3-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[(1E)-piperidin-1-ylmethylene]-amino}phenoxy)phenyl]pent-4-en-2-ol (60), N′-[2-chloro-4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methylphenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (61-1), N′-[2-chloro-4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methylphenyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methylimidoformamide (61-2), 2-chloro-4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methyl-N-[(1E)-piperidin-1-ylmethylene]aniline (61-3), 2-chloro-4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methyl-N-[(1E)-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)methylene]aniline (61-4), N′-{4-[3-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (62), N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]-phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (63), N′-[4-(3-cyclopropylphenoxy)-2,5-dimethylphenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (64), N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)-phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methyl-N-propylimidoformamide (65-1), N-[(1E)-(2,6-dimethyl-morpholin-4-yl)methylene]-4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylaniline and N-ethyl-N′-[4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-N-methylimidoformamide (66).
    • Preparation of the Amidines According to the Invention
  • The 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines according to the invention can be obtained by the process shown in scheme (I) below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00016
    Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00017
    • Step (a)
  • In one embodiment according to the invention, nitrobenze derivatives of the formula (III) are reacted with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) or the phenoxides formed therefrom in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give nitrophenyl ethers of the formula (VI):
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00018
  • Suitable leaving groups (Z) are all substituents having sufficient nucleofugicity under the prevailing reaction conditions. Examples of suitable leaving groups to be mentioned are halogens, triflate, mesylate, tosylate or SO2Me.
  • The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a base.
  • Suitable bases are organic and inorganic bases which are usually used in such reactions. Preference is given to using bases which, for example, are selected from the group consisting of hydrides, hydroxides, amides, alkoxides, acetates, fluorides, phosphates, carbonates and bicarbonates of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Particular preference is given here to sodium amide, sodium hydride, lithium diisopropylamide, sodium methoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium acetate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, potassium fluoride, cesium fluoride, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and cesium carbonate. Furthermore, tertiary amines, such as, for example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, pyridine, N-methylpiperidine, N-methylpyrolidone, N,N-dimethylaminopyridine, diazabicyclooctane (DABCO), diazabicyclononene (DBN) and diazabicycloundecene (DBU).
  • If appropriate, a catalyst chosen from the group consisting of palladium, copper and their salts or complexes may be used.
  • The reaction of the nitrobenzene derivative with the phenol can be carried out neat or in a solvent; preferably, the reaction is carried out in a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions.
  • Preference is given to aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as, for example, petroleum ether, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene or decalin; halogenated hydrocarbons, such as, for example, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane or trichloroethane; ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), methyl tert-amyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane or anisole; nitriles, such as, for example, acetonitrile, propionitrile, n- or isobutyronitrile or benzonitrile; amides, such as, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylformanilide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or hexamethylenephosphoric triamide; or mixtures of these with water, and also pure water.
  • The reaction can be carried out under reduced pressure, at atmospheric pressure or under superatmospheric pressure and at temperatures of from −20 to 200° C.; preferably, the reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of from 50 to 150° C.
    • Step (b)
  • In an alternative embodiment according to the invention, nitrophenol derivatives of the formula (V) or the phenolates formed therefrom are reacted with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give nitophenyl ethers of the formula (VI):
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00019
  • With regard to the reaction conditions, the solvents, the catalysts and the suitable leaving groups (z), reference may be made to step (a).
    • Step (c)
  • In a further alternative embodiment according to the invention, anilines of the formula (VII) are reacted with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) or the phenoxides formed therefrom in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give aminophenyl ethers of the formula (VIII):
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00020
  • With regard to the reaction conditions, the solvents, the catalysts and the suitable leaving groups (z), reference may be made to step (a).
    • Step (d)
  • In a further alternative embodiment according to the invention, aminophenols of the formula (XII) are reacted with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give aminophenyl ethers of the formula (VIII):
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00021
  • With regard to the reaction conditions, the solvents, the catalysts and the suitable leaving groups (z), reference may be made to step (a).
    • Step (e)
  • The nitrophenyl ethers of the formula (VI) obtained in steps (a) and (b) can be reduced in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give the aniline ethers of the formula (VIII):
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00022
  • The reduction according to step (e) can be carried out by any methods for reducing nitro groups described in the prior art.
  • Preferably, the reduction is carried out using tin chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid, as described in WO 0046184. However, alternatively, the reduction can also be carried out by using hydrogen gas, if appropriate in the presence of suitable hydrogenation catalysts, such as, for example, Raney nickel or Pd/C. The reaction conditions have already been described in the prior art and are familiar to the person skilled in the art.
  • If the reduction is carried out in the liquid phase, the reaction should take place in a solvent inert to the prevailing reaction conditions. One such solvent is, for example, toluene.
    • Step (f)
  • The conversion of the anilines of the formula (VIII) into the amidines of the formula (I) according to the invention according to step (d) can be carried out, as shown above in schema (I), using different alternative methods employing
  • (i) amino acetals of the formula (XIII) or
    (ii) amides of the formula (XIV) or
    (iii) amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI)
    according to the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00023
  • The individual alternative embodiments (i) to (iii) of the process according to the invention are briefly illustrated below:
    • (i) According to one embodiment according to the invention, shown in scheme (I) as step (i), the aniline ethers of the formula (VIII) are reacted with aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) in which R2 and R3 are defined as described above and R13 and R14 are selected from the group consisting of C1-8-alkyl groups, preferably from C2-6-alkyl groups, particularly preferably from C3-5-alkyl groups, and together with the oxygen atoms to which they are attached may form a five- or six-membered ring, to give the phenoxyamidines of the formula (I) according to the invention.
  • The aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) can be obtained from the formamides described in JACS, 65, 1566 (1943), by reaction with alkylating agents, such as, for example, dimethyl sulfate.
  • The reaction according to step (i) is preferably carried out in the presence of an acid.
  • Suitable acids are, for example, selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic acids, and p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid (gaseous, aqueous or in organic solution) or sulfuric acid.
    • (ii) In an alternative embodiment according to the invention, shown in scheme (I) as step (ii), the aniline ethers of the formula (VIII) are reacted with amides of the formula (XIV) in which the groups R1 to R3 are as defined above to give the phenoxyamidines according to the invention.
  • The reaction according to step (ii) is, if appropriate, carried out in the presence of a halogenating agent. Suitable halogenating agents are, for example, selected from the group consisting of PCl5, PCl3, POCl3 or SOCl2.
  • Moreover, the reaction may alternatively be carried out in the presence of a condensing agent.
  • Suitable condensing agents are those usually employed for forming amide bonds; acid halide formers, such as, for example, phosgene, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus oxytrichloride or thionyl chloride; anhydride formers, such as, for example, chloroformate, methyl chloroformate, isopropyl chloroformate, isobutyl chloroformate or methanesulfonyl chloride; carbodiimines, such as, for example, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimine (DCC) or other customary condensing agents, such as, for example, phosphorus pentoxide, polyphosphoric acid, N,N′-carbodiimidazole, 2-ethoxy-N-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), triphenylphosphine/carbon tetrachloride or bromo-tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate may be mentioned by way of examples.
  • The reaction according to step (ii) is preferably carried out in a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions. Preference is given to aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as, for example, petroleum ether, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene or decalin; halogenated hydrocarbons, such as, for example, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane or trichloroethane; ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), methyl tert-amyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane or anisole; nitriles, such as, for example, acetonitrile, propionitrile, n- or isobutyronitrile or benzonitrile; amides, such as, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylformanilide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or hexamethylenephosphoric triamide; esters, such as, for example, methyl acetate or ethyl acetate; sulfoxides, such as, for example, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); sulfones, such as, for example, sulfolane; alcohols, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, n- or isopropanol, n-, iso-, sec- or tert-butanol, ethanediol, propane-1,2-diol, ethoxyethanol, methoxyethanol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether or mixtures of these.
    • (iii) According to a further alternative embodiment according to the invention shown in scheme (I) as step (iii), the aniline ethers of the formula (VIII) are reacted with amines of the formula (XV) in which the groups R2 and R3 are as defined above in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI), in which R1 is as defined above and R10 to R12 independently of one are selected from the group consisting of C1-8-alkyl groups, preferably from C2-6-alkyl groups, particularly preferably from C3-5-alkyl groups, which together with the oxygen atoms to which they are attached may form a five- to seven-membered, preferably a six-membered ring, to give the 3-substituted phenoxyamidines according to the invention.
  • The reaction according to step (iii) is preferably carried out in a solvent selected from standard solvents which are inert under the prevailing reaction conditions. Preference is given to aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as, for example, petroleum ether, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene or decalin; halogenated hydrocarbons, such as, for example chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane or trichloroethane; ethers, such as, for example, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), methyl tert-amyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane or anisole; nitriles, such as, for example, acetonitrile, propionitrile, n- or isobutyronitrile or benzonitrile; amides, such as, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylformanilide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or hexamethylene phosphoric triamide; esters, such as, for example, methyl acetate or ethyl acetate; sulfoxides, such as, for example, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); sulfones, such as, for example, sulfolane; alcohols, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, n- or isopropanol, n-, iso-, sec- or tert-butanol, ethanediol, propane-1,2-diol, ethoxyethanol, methoxyethanol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; or mixtures of these with water, and also pure water.
    • Step (g)
  • In an alternative embodiment according to the invention, it is already possible to react the aminophenols of the formula (XII)
  • (i) with aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
    (ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
    (iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI)
    in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give amidines of the formula (X):
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00024
  • With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents, catalysts, reference may be made to step (f).
  • The further conversion of the amidines of the formula (X) into the target molecules of the formula (I) according to the invention can be carried out, for example, as described in step (j).
    • Step (h)
  • In an alternative embodiment according to the invention, it is possible to react the aminophenyl derivatives of the formula (VII)
  • (i) with aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
    (ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
    (iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI)
    in accordance with the reaction scheme below to give amidines of the formula (XI):
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00025
  • With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents, catalysts, reference may be made to step (f).
  • The further conversion of the amidines of the formula (XI) into the target molecules of the formula (I) according to the invention can be carried out, for example, as described in step (i).
    • Step (i)
  • According to a further embodiment according to the invention, the amidines of the formula (XI) obtainable from step (h) can be reacted with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) or the phenoxides formed therefrom to give the target molecules of the formula (I) according to the invention, in accordance with the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00026
  • With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents and catalysts, reference may be made to step (a).
    • Step (j)
  • According to a further embodiment according to the invention, the amidines of the formula (X) obtainable from step (g) can be reacted with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) to give the target molecules of the formula (I) according to the invention, in accordance with the reaction scheme below:
  • Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00027
  • With regard to the reaction conditions, solvents, leaving groups (Z) and catalysts, reference may be made to step (a).
  • In connection with the processes according to the invention for preparing the amidines of the formula (I), the following combinations of reaction steps are to be regarded as advantageous: steps (a), (e) and (f); steps (b), (e) and (f); steps (c) and (f); steps (d) and (f); steps (h) and (i) and/or steps (g) and (j).
  • The preparation of the phenoxyamidines according to the invention is if appropriate carried out without intermediate isolation of the intermediates.
  • The final purification of the phenoxyamidines can be carried out using customary purification methods. Preferably, purification is carried out by crystallization.
    • Controlling of Undesirable Microorganisms
  • The amidines according to the invention exhibit a strong microbicidal action and can be used for controlling undesirable microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, in plant protection and in material protection.
    • Plant Protection
  • Fungicides can be used in plant protection for controlling Plasmodiophoromycetes, Oomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.
  • Bactericides can be used in plant protection for controlling Pseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Streptomycetaceae.
  • Mention may be made, by way of example but without limitation, of some pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases which come under the generic terms listed above:
  • diseases caused by pathogens of powdery mildew, such as, for example,
    Blumeria species, such as, for example, Blumeria graminis;
    Podosphaera species, such as, for example, Podosphaera leucotricha;
    Sphaerotheca species, such as, for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea;
    Uncinula species, such as, for example, Uncinula necator;
    diseases caused by rust pathogens, such as, e.g.,
    Gymnosporangium species, such as, for example, Gymnosporangium sabinae;
    Hemileia species, such as, for example, Hemileia vastatrix;
    Phakopsora species, such as, for example, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae;
    Puccinia species, such as, for example, Puccinia recondita;
    Uromyces species, such as, for example, Uromyces appendiculatus;
    diseases caused by pathogens of the Oomycetes group, such as, e.g.,
    Bremia species, such as, for example, Bremia lactucae;
    Peronospora species, such as, for example, Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae;
    Phytophthora species, such as, for example, Phytophthora infestans;
    Plasmopara species, such as, for example, Plasmopara viticola;
    Pseudoperonospora species, such as, for example, Pseudoperonospora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis;
    Pythium species, such as, for example, Pythium ultimum;
    leaf spot diseases and leaf wilts caused by, e.g.,
    Alternaria species, such as, for example, Alternaria solani;
    Cercospora species, such as, for example, Cercospora beticola;
    Cladosporium species, such as, for example, Cladosporium cucumerinum;
    Cochliobolus species, such as, for example, Cochliobolus sativus (conidial form: Drechslera, syn: Helminthosporium);
    Colletotrichum species, such as, for example, Colletotrichum lindemuthanium;
    Cycloconium species, such as, for example, Cycloconium oleaginum;
    Diaporthe species, such as, for example, Diaporthe citri;
    Elsinoe species, such as, for example, Elsinoe fawcettii;
    Gloeosporium species, such as, for example, Gloeosporium laeticolor;
    Glomerella species, such as, for example, Glomerella cingulata;
    Guignardia species, such as, for example, Guignardia bidwelli;
    Leptosphaeria species, such as, for example, Leptosphaeria maculans;
    Magnaporthe species, such as, for example, Magnaporthe grisea;
    Mycosphaerella species, such as, for example, Mycosphaerella graminicola and Mycosphaerella fijiensis;
    Phaeosphaeria species, such as, for example, Phaeosphaeria nodorum;
    Pyrenophora species, such as, for example, Pyrenophora teres;
    Ramularia species, such as, for example, Ramularia collo-cygni;
    Rhynchosporium species, such as, for example, Rhynchosporium secalis;
    Septoria species, such as, for example, Septoria apii;
    Typhula species, such as, for example, Typhula incarnata;
    Venturia species, such as, for example, Venturia inaequalis;
    root and stalk diseases caused by, e.g.,
    Corticium species, such as, for example, Corticium graminearum;
    Fusarium species, such as, for example, Fusarium oxysporum;
    Gaeumannomyces species, such as, for example, Gaeumannomyces graminis;
    Rhizoctonia species, such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani;
    Tapesia species, such as, for example, Tapesia acuformis;
    Thielaviopsis species, such as, for example, Thielaviopsis basicola;
    ear and panicle diseases (including maize cobs) caused by, e.g.,
    Alternaria species, such as, for example, Alternaria spp.;
    Aspergillus species, such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus;
    Cladosporium species, such as, for example, Cladosporium cladosporioides;
    Claviceps species, such as, for example, Claviceps purpurea;
    Fusarium species, such as, for example, Fusarium culmorum;
    Gibberella species, such as, for example, Gibberella zeae;
    Monographella species, such as, for example, Monographella nivalis;
    diseases caused by smuts, such as, e.g.,
    Sphacelotheca species, such as, for example, Sphacelotheca reiliana;
    Tilletia species, such as, for example, Tilletia caries;
    Urocystis species, such as, for example, Urocystis occulta;
    Ustilago species, such as, for example, Ustilago nuda;
    fruit rot caused by, e.g.,
    Aspergillus species, such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus;
    Botrytis species, such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea;
    Penicillium species, such as, for example, Penicillium expansum and Penicillium purpurogenum;
    Sclerotinia species, such as, for example, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum;
    Verticilium species, such as, for example, Verticilium alboatrum;
    seed- and soil-borne rots and wilts, and seedling diseases, caused by, e.g.,
    Alternaria species, such as, for example, Alternaria brassicicola;
    Aphanomyces species, such as, for example, Aphanomyces euteiches;
    Ascochyta species, such as, for example, Ascochyta lentis;
    Aspergillus species, such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus;
    Cladosporium species, such as, for example, Cladosporium herbarum;
    Cochliobolus species, such as, for example, Cochliobolus sativus (conidial form: Drechslera, Bipolaris syn: Helminthosporium);
    Colletotrichum species, such as, for example, Colletotrichum coccodes;
    Fusarium species, such as, for example, Fusarium culmorum;
    Gibberella species, such as, for example, Gibberella zeae;
    Macrophomina species, such as, for example, Macrophomina phaseolina;
    Monographella species, such as, for example, Monographella nivalis;
    Penicillium species, such as, for example, Penicillium expansum;
    Phoma species, such as, for example, Phoma lingam;
    Phomopsis species, such as, for example, Phomopsis sojae;
    Phytophthora species, such as, for example, Phytophthora cactorum;
    Pyrenophora species, such as, for example, Pyrenophora graminea;
    Pyricularia species, such as, for example, Pyricularia oryzae;
    Pythium species, such as, for example, Pythium ultimum;
    Rhizoctonia species, such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani;
    Rhizopus species, such as, for example, Rhizopus oryzae;
    Sclerotium species, such as, for example, Sclerotium rolfsii;
    Septoria species, such as, for example, Septoria nodorum;
    Typhula species, such as, for example, Typhula incarnata;
    Verticillium species, such as, for example, Verticillium dahliae;
    cankers, galls and witches' broom disease caused by, e.g.,
    Nectria species, such as, for example, Nectria galligena;
    wilts caused by, e.g.,
    Monilinia species, such as, for example, Monilinia laxa;
    deformations of leaves, flowers and fruits caused by, e.g.,
    Taphrina species, such as, for example, Taphrina deformans;
    degenerative diseases of woody plants caused by, e.g.,
    Esca species, such as, for example, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and Fomitiporia mediterranea;
    flower and seed diseases caused by, e.g.,
    Botrytis species, such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea;
    diseases of plant tubers caused by, e.g.,
    Rhizoctonia species, such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani;
    Helminthosporium species, such as, for example, Helminthosporium solani;
    diseases caused by bacterial pathogens, such as, e.g.,
    Xanthomonas species, such as, for example, Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae;
    Pseudomonas species, such as, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans;
    Erwinia species, such as, for example, Erwinia amylovora.
  • Preferably, the following diseases of soybeans can be combated:
  • fungal diseases on leaves, stalks, pods and seeds caused by, e.g.,
    alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria spec. atrans tenuissima), anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium var. truncatum), brown spot (Septoria glycines), cercospora leaf spot and blight (Cercospora kikuchii), choanephora leaf blight (Choanephora infundibulifera trispora (Syn.)), dactuliophora leaf spot (Dactuliophora glycines), downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica), drechslera blight (Drechslera glycini), frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), leptosphaerulina leaf spot (Leptosphaerulina trifolii), phyllosticta leaf spot (Phyllosticta sojaecola), pod and stem blight (Phomopsis sojae), powdery mildew (Microsphaera diffusa), pyrenochaeta leaf spot (Pyrenochaeta glycines), rhizoctonia aerial, foliage, and web blight (Rhizoctonia solani), rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), scab (Sphaceloma glycines), stemphylium leaf blight (Stemphylium botryosum), target spot (Corynespora cassiicola)
    fungal diseases on roots and the stem base caused by, e.g.,
    black root rot (Calonectria crotalariae), charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina), fusarium blight or wilt, root rot, and pod and collar rot (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium orthoceras, Fusarium semitectum, Fusarium equiseti), mycoleptodiscus root rot (Mycoleptodiscus terrestris), neocosmospora (Neocosmopspora vasinfecta), pod and stem blight (Diaporthe phaseolorum), stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora), phytophthora rot (Phytophthora megasperma), brown stem rot (Phialophora gregata), pythium rot (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregulare, Pythium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum), rhizoctonia root rot, stem decay, and damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), sclerotinia stem decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), sclerotinia southern blight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), thielaviopsis root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola).
  • The active compounds according to the invention also exhibit a strong strengthening activity in plants. They are accordingly suitable for mobilizing intrinsic defenses of plants against attack by undesirable microorganisms.
  • In the present context, plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) compounds are to be understood as meaning those materials which are capable of stimulating the defense system of plants such that the treated plants, on subsequent inoculation with undesirable microorganisms, exhibit extensive resistance to these microorganisms.
  • In the present case, undesirable microorganisms are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. The substances according to the invention can thus be used to protect plants from attack by the harmful pathogens mentioned for a certain period of time after the treatment. The period of time for which protection is brought about generally ranges from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after the treatment of the plants with the active compounds.
  • The fact that the active compounds are well tolerated by plants in the concentrations necessary for controlling plant diseases makes possible treatment of above ground plant parts, of plant propagation material and seed, and of the soil.
  • In this connection, the active compounds according to the invention can be used particularly successfully in controlling cereal diseases, such as, e.g., Puccinia species, and diseases in viticulture and in the cultivation of fruit and vegetables, such as, e.g., Botrytis, Venturia or Alternaria species.
  • The active compounds according to the invention are also suitable for increasing the crop yield. In addition, they are of lower toxicity and are well tolerated by plants.
  • The active compounds according to the invention can also optionally be used, in specific concentrations and application amounts, as herbicides, for affecting plant growth and for controlling animal pests. They can optionally also be used as intermediates and precursors for the synthesis of additional active compounds.
  • All plants and plant parts can be treated according to the invention. In this connection, plants are to be understood as meaning all plants and plant populations, such as desirable and undesirable wild plants or cultivated plants (including naturally occurring cultivated plants). Cultivated plants can be plants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimization methods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods or combinations of these methods, including transgenic plants and including plant varieties which may or may not be protected by laws on variety certification. Plant parts should be understood as meaning all above ground and subsoil parts and organs of plants, such as shoot, leaf, flower and root, examples which are listed being leaves, needles, stalks, stems, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits and seeds, and also roots, tubers and rhizomes. Plant parts also include harvested crops, and also vegetative and generative propagation material, for example cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, slips and seeds.
  • The treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant parts with the active compounds is carried out directly or by acting on the environment, habitat or storage area thereof using conventional treatment methods, e.g. by dipping, spraying, evaporating, atomizing, scattering, spreading and, with propagation material, in particular with seeds, furthermore by coating with one or more layers.
    • Mycotoxins
  • In addition, it is possible, by the treatment according to the invention, to reduce the mycotoxin content in harvested crops and the foodstuffs and feedstuffs prepared therefrom. In this connection, mention may in particular but not exclusively be made of the following mycotoxins: deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 15-Ac-DON, 3-Ac-DON, T2 and HT2 toxin, fumonisins, zearalenone, moniliformin, fusarin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), beauvericin, enniatin, fusaroproliferin, fusarenol, ochratoxins, patulin, ergot alkaloids and aflatoxins, which can be caused, for example, by the following fungi: Fusarium spec., such as Fusarium acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. crookwellense, F culmorum, F. graminearum (Gibberella zeae), F. equiseti, F. fujikoroi, F. musarum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. poae, F. pseudograminearum, F. sambucinum, F. scirpi, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. sporotrichoides, F. langsethiae, F. subglutinans, F. tricinctum, F. verticillioides, and others, and also by Aspergillus spec., Penicillium spec., Claviceps purpurea, Stachybotrys spec., and others.
    • Material Protection
  • In material protection, the substances according to the invention can be used for the protection of industrial materials from attack and destruction by undesirable microorganisms.
  • Industrial materials are to be understood in the present context as meaning nonliving materials which have been prepared for use in industry. For example, industrial materials which are to be protected by active compounds according to the invention from microbial change or destruction can be adhesives, sizes, paper and board, textiles, leather, wood, paints and plastic articles, cooling lubricants and other materials which can be attacked or destroyed by microorganisms. In the context of the materials to be protected, mention may also be made of parts of production plants, for example cooling water circuits, which can be detrimentally affected by proliferation of microorganisms. In the context of the present invention, mention may preferably be made, as industrial materials, of adhesives, sizes, papers and boards, leather, wood, paints, cooling lubricants and heat-transfer liquids, particularly preferably of wood.
  • Examples which may be mentioned of microorganisms which can decompose or modify industrial materials are bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and slime organisms. The active compounds according to the invention are preferably active against fungi, in particular molds, wood-discoloring and wood-destroying fungi (Basidiomycetes), and against slime organisms and algae.
  • Mention may be made, by way of example, of microorganisms of the following genera:
  • Alternaria, such as Alternaria tenuis,
    Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger,
    Chaetomium, such as Chaetomium globosum,
    Coniophora, such as Coniophora puetana,
    Lentinus, such as Lentinus tigrinus,
    Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum,
    Polyporus, such as Polyporus versicolor,
    Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasidium pullulans,
    Sclerophoma, such as Sclerophoma pityophila,
    Trichoderma, such as Trichoderma viride,
    Escherichia, such as Escherichia coli,
    Pseudomonas, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
    Staphylococcus, such as Staphylococcus aureus.
    • Formulations
  • The present invention relates to a composition for controlling undesirable microorganisms, comprising at least one of the phenoxyamidines according to the invention.
  • The phenoxyamidines according to the invention can for this, depending on their respective physical and/or chemical properties, be converted into the standard formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, pastes, granules, aerosols, very fine encapsulations in polymeric substances and in coating materials for seed, and also ULV cold- and hot-fogging formulations.
  • These formulations are prepared in a known way, e.g. by mixing the active compounds with extenders, that is liquid solvents, liquefied gases under pressure and/or solid carriers, optionally with the use of surface-active agents, that is emulsifiers and/or dispersants and/or foaming agents. In the case of the use of water as extender, use may also be made, e.g., of organic solvents as cosolvents. Possible liquid solvents are essentially: aromatic hydrocarbons, such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, e.g. petroleum fractions, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol, and the ethers and esters thereof, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and also water. Liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are to be understood as meaning those liquids which are in the gas form at standard temperature and at standard pressure, e.g. aerosol propellants, such as halogenated hydrocarbons and also butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Possible solid carriers are, e.g., ground natural minerals, such as kaolins, argillaceous earths, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as highly dispersed silica, aluminum oxide and silicates. Possible solid carriers for granules are, e.g., broken and fractionated natural rocks, such as calcite, pumice, marble, sepiolite or dolomite, and also synthetic granules formed from inorganic and organic dusts, and also granules formed from organic material, such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks. Possible emulsifiers and/or foaming agents are, e.g., nonionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, e.g. alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, and also protein hydrolyzates. Possible dispersants are, e.g., lignosulfite waste liquors and methylcellulose.
  • Use may be made, in the formulations, of stickers, such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic polymers in the powder, granule or latex form, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and also natural phospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholipids. Other possible additives are mineral and vegetable oils.
  • Use may also be made of colorants, such as inorganic pigments, e.g. iron oxide, titanium oxide, Prussian blue, and organic colorants, such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and trace elements, such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.
  • The formulations generally comprise between 0.1 and 95% by weight of active compound, preferably between 0.5 and 90%.
  • The formulations described above can be used in a method according to the invention for controlling undesirable microorganisms, in which the phenoxyamidines according to the invention are applied to the microorganisms and/or to the habitat thereof.
    • Seed Treatment
  • The controlling of phytopathogenic fungi by the treatment of the seed of plants has been known for a long time and is the subject matter of continuous improvements. Nevertheless, a series of problems arises in the treatment of seed, which problems may not always be satisfactorily solved. Thus, it is desirable to develop methods for protecting the seed and the germinating plant which render superfluous or at least markedly reduce the additional application of plant protection compositions after sowing or after emergence of the plants. It is furthermore desirable to optimize the amount of the active compound used, so that the seed and the germinating plant are given the best possible protection against attack by phytopathogenic fungi but without the plant itself being damaged by the active compound used. In particular, methods for the treatment of seed should also include the intrinsic fungicidal properties of transgenic plants in order to achieve optimum protection of the seed and the germinating plant with a minimum expenditure of plant protection compositions.
  • The present invention therefore also relates in particular to a method for the protection of seed and germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi, by treating the seed with a composition according to the invention.
  • The invention likewise relates to the use of the compositions according to the invention for the treatment of seed to protect the seed and the germinating plant from phytopathogenic fungi.
  • Furthermore, the invention relates to seed which has been treated with a composition according to the invention in order to protect from phytopathogenic fungi.
  • One of the advantages of the present invention is that, because of the particular systemic properties of the compositions according to the invention, the treatment of the seed with these compositions not only protects the seed itself from phytopathogenic fungi but also protects the plants resulting therefrom after emergence from phytopathogenic fungi. In this way, the immediate treatment of the crop at the time of sowing or shortly thereafter can be dispensed with.
  • It is likewise to be regarded as advantageous that the mixtures according to the invention can in particular also be used with transgenic seed.
  • The compositions according to the invention are suitable for the protection of seed of any plant variety used in agriculture, in the greenhouse, in forests or in horticulture. The seed concerned in this connection is in particular seed of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, millet and oats), maize, cotton, soya, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, beet (e.g., sugarbeet and forage beet), peanuts, vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), lawns and ornamental plants. The treatment of the seed of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye and oats), maize and rice is of particular importance.
  • In the context of the present invention, the composition according to the invention is applied to the seed alone or in a suitable formulation. Preferably, the seed is treated in a condition sufficiently stable for no damage to occur during the treatment. In general, the treatment of the seed can be carried out at any point in time between harvesting and sowing. Use is usually made of seed which has been separated from the plant and freed from pods, shells, stalks, skins, hairs or fruit flesh. Thus, it is possible, for example, to use seed which has been harvested, cleaned and dried up to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight. Alternatively, it is also possible to use seed which, after drying, has been treated, e.g. with water, and then dried again.
  • In general, care must be taken, in the treatment of the seed, that the amount of the composition according to the invention and/or of additional additives applied to the seed is chosen so that the germination of the seed is not impaired or that the plant resulting therefrom is not damaged. This is to be taken into consideration in particular with active compounds which may show phytotoxic effects at certain application rates.
  • The compositions according to the invention can be applied immediately, thus without comprising additional components and without having been diluted. It is generally preferable to apply the compositions to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to a person skilled in the art and are described, e.g., in the following documents: U.S. Pat. No. 4,272,417 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,245,432 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,430 A, U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,739 A, US 2003/0176428 A1, WO 2002/080675 A1, WO 2002/028186 A2.
  • The active compound combinations which can be used according to the invention can be converted into the usual seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other coating materials for seed, and also ULV formulations.
  • These formulations are prepared in a known way by mixing the active compounds or active compound combinations with conventional additives, such as, for example, conventional extenders and also solvents or diluents, colorants, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
  • Suitable colorants which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all colorants conventional for such purposes. In this connection, use may be made both of pigments, which are sparingly soluble in water, and dyes, which are soluble in water. Mention may be made, as examples, of the colorants known under the descriptions Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Solvent Red 1.
  • Possible wetting agents which can be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all substances which promote wetting and are conventional in the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Use may preferably be made of alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, such as diisopropyl- or diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonates.
  • Suitable dispersants and/or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants conventional in the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Use may preferably be made of nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants. Mention may in particular be made, as suitable nonionic dispersants, of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and also tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers, and the phosphated or sulfated derivatives thereof. Suitable anionic dispersants are in particular lignosulfonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulfonate/formaldehyde condensates.
  • Antifoaming agents which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all foam-inhibiting substances conventional in the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Use may preferably be made of silicone defoaming agents and magnesium stearate.
  • Preservatives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all substances which can be used in agrochemical compositions for such purposes. Mention may be made, by way of example, of dichlorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.
  • Possible secondary thickeners which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all substances which can be used in agrochemical compositions for such purposes. Preferably suitable are cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and highly dispersed silica.
  • Possible adhesives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention comprise all conventional binders which can be used in seed dressings. Mention may preferably be made of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose.
  • Possible gibberellins which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention preferably comprise gibberellins A1, A3 (=gibberellic acid), A4 and A7; use is particularly preferably made of gibberellic acid. Gibberellins are known (cf. R. Wegler, “Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- and Schädlingsbekampfungsmittel” [Chemistry of Plant Protection and Pest Control Agents], Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, pp. 401-412).
  • The seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be used, either directly or after prior diluting with water, for the treatment of seed of the most varied species. Thus, the concentrates or the preparations which can be obtained therefrom by diluting with water can be used for the dressing of the seed of cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats and triticale, and also the seed of maize, rice, rape, peas, beans, cotton, sunflowers and beet, or also of vegetable seed of the most varied natures. The seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or the diluted preparations thereof can also be used for the dressing of seed of transgenic plants. In this connection, additional synergistic effects may also occur in interaction with the substances formed by expression.
  • All mixing devices which can be conventionally used for dressing are suitable for the treatment of seed with the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or the preparations prepared therefrom by addition of water. Specifically, the dressing procedure is such that the seed is introduced into a mixer, the amount of seed dressing formulation desired each time is added, either as such or after prior dilution with water, and mixing is carried out until the formulation is uniformly distributed over the seed. If appropriate, a drying operation follows.
  • The application rate of the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be varied within a relatively wide range. It depends on the respective content of the active compounds in the formulations and on the seed. The application rates of active compound combination are generally between 0.001 and 50 g per kilogram of seed, preferably between 0.01 and 15 g per kilogram of seed.
  • Mixture with Known Fungicides, Bactericides, Acaricides, Nematicides or Insecticides
  • The phenoxyamidines according to the invention can be used, as such or in their formulations, also in a mixture with known fungicides, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides or insecticides, in order thus, e.g., to broaden the spectrum of activity or to prevent the development of resistance.
  • A mixture with other known active compounds, such as herbicides, or with fertilizers and growth regulators, safeners or semiochemicals is also possible.
  • In addition, the compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention also exhibit very good antimycotic activities. They have a very broad spectrum of antimycotic activity, in particular against dermatophytes and budding fungi, molds and diphasic fungi (e.g. against Candida species, such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata), and also Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton species, such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporon species, such as Microsporon canis and audouinii. The enumeration of these fungi does not represent in any way a limitation on the mycotic spectrum which can be included but has only an illustrative nature.
  • The 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines according to the invention can accordingly be used both in medicinal and in nonmedicinal applications.
  • The active compounds can be applied as such, in the form of their formulations or in the form of the application forms prepared therefrom, such as ready-to-use solutions, suspensions, sprayable powders, pastes, soluble powders, dusts and granules. Application takes place in standard fashion, e.g. by pouring, spraying, atomizing, scattering, dusting, foaming, spreading, and the like. It is furthermore possible to apply the active compounds by the ultra-low-volume method or to inject the active compound preparation or the active compound itself into the soil.
  • The seed of the plant can also be treated.
  • When the phenoxyamidines according to the invention are used as fungicides, the application rates can be varied within a relatively wide range depending on the type of application. In the treatment of plant parts, the application rates of active compound are generally between 0.1 and 10 000 g/ha, preferably between 10 and 1000 g/ha. In seed treatment, the application rates of active compound are generally between 0.001 and 50 g per kilogram of seed, preferably between 0.01 and 10 g per kilogram of seed. In soil treatment, the application rates of active compound are generally between 0.1 and 10 000 g/ha, preferably between 1 and 5000 g/ha.
    • GMOs
  • The method of treatment according to the invention can be used in the treatment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), e.g. plants or seeds. Genetically modified plants (or transgenic plants) are plants in which a heterologous gene has been stably integrated into the genome. The expression “heterologous gene” essentially means a gene which is provided or assembled outside the plant and when introduced in the nuclear, chloroplastic or hypoochondrial genome gives the transformed plant new or improved agronomic or other properties by expressing a protein or polypeptide of interest or by downregulating or silencing other gene(s) which are present in the plant (using, for example, antisense technology, cosuppression technology or RNA interference—RNAi technology). A heterologous gene that is located in the genome is also called a transgene. A transgene that is defined by its particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event.
  • Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location and growth conditions (soils, climate, vegetation period, diet), the treatment according to the invention may also result in superadditive (“synergistic”) effects. Thus, for example, reduced application rates and/or a widening of the activity spectrum and/or an increase in the activity of the active compounds and compositions which can be used according to the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soil salt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, bigger fruits, larger plant height, greener leaf color, earlier flowering, higher quality and/or a higher nutritional value of the harvested products, higher sugar concentration within the fruits, better storage stability and/or processability of the harvested products are possible, which exceed the effects which were actually to be expected.
  • At certain application rates, the active compound combinations according to the invention may also have a strengthening effect in plants. Accordingly, they are suitable for mobilizing the defense system of the plant against attack by unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses. This may, if appropriate, be one of the reasons for the enhanced activity of the combinations according to the invention, for example against fungi. Plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances are to be understood as meaning, in the present context, those substances or combinations of substances which are capable of stimulating the defense system of plants in such a way that, when subsequently inoculated with unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses, the treated plants display a substantial degree of resistance to these unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses. In the present case, unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/or microorganisms and/or viruses are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Thus, the substances according to the invention can be employed for protecting plants against attack by the abovementioned pathogens within a certain period of time after the treatment. The period of time within which protection is effected generally extends from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after the treatment of the plants with the active compounds.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably treated according to the invention include all plants which have genetic material which imparts particularly advantageous, useful traits to these plants (whether obtained by breeding and/or biotechnological means).
  • Plants and plant cultivars which are also preferably treated according to the invention are resistant against one or more biotic stresses, i.e. the said plants show a better defense against animal and microbial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or viroids.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to the invention are those plants which are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought, cold temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, high light exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limited availability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to the invention are those plants characterized by enhanced yield characteristics. Increased yield in the said plants can be the result of, for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such as water use efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen use, enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germination efficiency and accelerated maturation. Yield can furthermore be affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stress conditions), including early flowering, flowering control for hybrid seed production, seedling vigor, plant size, internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod or ear number, seed number per pod or ear, seed mass, enhanced seed filling, reduced seed dispersal, reduced pod dehiscence and lodging resistance. Further yield traits include seed composition, such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.
  • Plants that may be treated according to the invention are hybrid plants that already express the characteristics of heterosis or hybrid vigor which results in generally higher yield, vigor, health and resistance towards biotic and abiotic stress factors. Such plants are typically made by crossing an inbred male-sterile parent line (the female parent) with another inbred male-fertile parent line (the male parent). Hybrid seed is typically harvested from the male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male sterile plants can sometimes (e.g. in maize) be produced by detasseling (i.e. the mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs or male flowers) but, more typically, male sterility is the result of genetic determinants in the plant genome. In that case, and especially when seed is the desired product to be harvested from the hybrid plants, it is typically useful to ensure that male fertility in hybrid plants that contain the genetic determinants responsible for male sterility is fully restored. This can be accomplished by ensuring that the male parents have appropriate fertility restorer genes which are capable of restoring the male fertility in hybrid plants that contain the genetic determinants responsible for male sterility. Genetic determinants for male sterility may be located in the cytoplasm. Examples of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) were for instance described in Brassica species (WO 1992/005251, WO 1995/009910, WO 1998/27806, WO 2005/002324, WO 2006/021972 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,229,072). However, genetic determinants for male sterility can also be located in the nuclear genome. Male sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnology methods, such as genetic engineering. A particularly useful means of obtaining male-sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396 in which, for example, a ribonuclease, such as a barnase, is selectively expressed in the tapetum cells in the stamens. Fertility can then be restored by expression in the tapetum cells of a ribonuclease inhibitor, such as barstar (e.g. WO 1991/002069).
  • Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may be treated according to the invention are herbicide-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to one or more given herbicides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such herbicide tolerance.
  • Herbicide-tolerant plants are for example glyphosate-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or salts thereof. For example, glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming the plant with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS genes are the AroA gene (mutant CT7) of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (Comai et al., Science (1983), 221, 370-371), the CP4 gene of the bacterium Agrobacterium sp. (Barry et al., Curr. Topics Plant Physiol. (1992), 7, 139-145), the genes encoding a petunia EPSPS (Shah et al., Science (1986), 233, 478-481), a tomato EPSPS (Gasser et al., J. Biol. Chem. (1988), 263, 4280-4289) or an eleusine EPSPS (WO 2001/66704). It can also be a mutated EPSPS as described in for example EP-A 0837944, WO 2000/066746, WO 2000/066747 or WO 2002/026995. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate oxidoreductase enzyme as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,776,760 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,463,175. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate acetyl transferase enzyme as described in for example WO 2002/036782, WO 2003/092360, WO 2005/012515 and WO 2007/024782. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally-occurring mutations of the above-mentioned genes, as described in for example WO 2001/024615 or WO 2003/013226.
  • Other herbicide-resistant plants are for example plants that are made tolerant to herbicides inhibiting the enzyme glutamine synthase, such as bialaphos, phosphinotricin or glufosinate. Such plants can be obtained by expressing an enzyme detoxifying the herbicide or a mutant of the glutamine synthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition. One such efficient detoxifying enzyme is an enzyme encoding a phosphinotricin acetyltransferase (such as the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressing an exogenous phosphinotricin acetyltransferase are for example described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,561,236; U.S. Pat. No. 5,648,477; U.S. Pat. No. 5,646,024; U.S. Pat. No. 5,273,894; U.S. Pat. No. 5,637,489; U.S. Pat. No. 5,276,268; U.S. Pat. No. 5,739,082; U.S. Pat. No. 5,908,810 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,112,665.
  • Further herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that are made tolerant to the herbicides inhibiting the enzyme hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD). Hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenases are enzymes that catalyze the reaction in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is transformed into homogentizate. Plants tolerant to HPPD inhibitors can be transformed with a gene encoding a naturally occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or a gene encoding a mutated HPPD enzyme as described in WO 1996/038567, WO 1999/024585 and WO 1999/024586. Tolerance to HPPD inhibitors can also be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding certain enzymes enabling the formation of homogentizate despite the inhibition of the native HPPD enzyme by the HPPD inhibitor. Such plants and genes are described in WO 1999/034008 and WO 2002/36787. Tolerance of plants to HPPD inhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with a gene encoding an enzyme prephenate dehydrogenase in addition to a gene encoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme, as described in WO 2004/024928.
  • Further herbicide-resistant plants are plants that are made tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyloxy(thio)benzoates and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides. Different mutations in the ALS enzyme (also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase, AHAS) are known to confer tolerance to different herbicides and groups of herbicides, as described for example in Tranel and Wright, Weed Science (2002), 50, 700-712, but also in U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,011, U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,824, U.S. Pat. No. 5,141,870 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,013,659. The production of sulfonylurea-tolerant plants and imidazolinone-tolerant plants is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,011; U.S. Pat. No. 5,013,659; U.S. Pat. No. 5,141,870; U.S. Pat. No. 5,767,361; U.S. Pat. No. 5,731,180; U.S. Pat. No. 5,304,732; U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,373; U.S. Pat. No. 5,331,107; U.S. Pat. No. 5,928,937; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,824; and in international publication WO 1996/033270. Other imidazolinone-tolerant plants are also described in, for example, WO 2004/040012, WO 2004/106529, WO 2005/020673, WO 2005/093093, WO 2006/007373, WO 2006/015376, WO 2006/024351 and WO 2006/060634. Further sulfonylurea- and imidazolinone-tolerant plants are also described in, for example, WO 2007/024782.
  • Other plants tolerant to imidazolinone and/or sulfonylurea can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in cell cultures in the presence of the herbicide or by mutation breeding as described for example for soybeans in U.S. Pat. No. 5,084,082, for rice in WO 1997/41218, for sugarbeet in U.S. Pat. No. 5,773,702 and WO 1999/057965, for lettuce in U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,599, or for sunflower in WO 2001/065922.
  • Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i.e. plants made resistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such insect resistance.
  • An “insect-resistant transgenic plant”, as used herein, includes any plant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequence encoding:
      • 1) an insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as the insecticidal crystal proteins listed by Crickmore et al., Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (1998), 62, 807-813, updated by Crickmore et al. (2005) at the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin nomenclature, online at: http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/), or insecticidal portions thereof, e.g. proteins of the Cry protein classes Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Ae or Cry3Bb or insecticidal portions thereof; or
      • 2) a crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion thereof which is insecticidal in the presence of a second other crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion thereof, such as the binary toxin made up of the Cy34 and Cy35 crystal proteins (Moellenbeck et al., Nat. Biotechnol. (2001), 19, 668-72; Schnepf et al., Applied Environm. Microb. (2006), 71, 1765-1774); or
      • 3) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts of two different insecticidal crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a hybrid of the proteins of 1) above or a hybrid of the proteins of 2) above, e.g. the Cry1A.105 protein produced by maize event MON98034 (WO 2007/027777); or
      • 4) a protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some, particularly 1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activity to a target insect species, and/or to expand the range of target insect species affected, and/or because of changes induced in the encoding DNA during cloning or transformation, such as the Cry3Bb1 protein in maize events MON863 or MON88017, or the Cry3A protein in maize event MIR 604;
      • 5) an insecticidal secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as the vegetative insecticidal (VIP) proteins listed at http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip.html, e.g., proteins from VIP3Aa protein class; or
      • 6) a secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus which is insecticidal in the presence of a second secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or B. cereus, such as the binary toxin made up of the VIP1A and VIP2A proteins (WO 1994/21795);
      • 7) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts from different secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as a hybrid of the proteins in 1) above or a hybrid of the proteins in 2) above; or
      • 8) a protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some, particularly 1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activity to a target insect species, and/or to expand the range of target insect species affected, and/or because of changes induced in the encoding DNA during cloning or transformation (while still encoding an insecticidal protein), such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton event COT 102.
  • Of course, an insect-resistant transgenic plant, as used herein, also includes any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding the proteins of any one of the above classes 1 to 8. In one embodiment, an insect-resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding a protein of any one of the above classes 1 to 8, to expand the range of target insect species affected or to delay insect resistance development to the plants by using different proteins insecticidal to the same target insect species but having a different mode of action, such as binding to different receptor binding sites in the insect.
  • Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are tolerant to abiotic stresses. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress tolerance plants include:
      • a. plants which contain a transgene capable of reducing the expression and/or the activity of the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) gene in the plant cells or plants as described in WO 2000/004173 or EP 04077984.5 or EP 06009836.5;
      • b. plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing transgene capable of reducing the expression and/or activity of the PARG encoding genes of the plants or plant cells, as described e.g. in WO 2004/090140;
      • c. plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing transgene coding for a plant-functional enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage biosynthesis pathway, including nicotinamidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenyltransferase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase or nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, as described, e.g., in EP 04077624.7 or WO 2006/133827 or PCT/EP07/002,433.
  • Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention show altered quantity, quality and/or storage stability of the harvested product and/or altered properties of specific ingredients of the harvested product such as:
      • 1) transgenic plants which synthesize a modified starch, which in its physical-chemical characteristics, in particular the amylose content or the amylose/amylopectin ratio, the degree of branching, the average chain length, the side chain distribution, the viscosity behavior, the gelling strength, the starch grain size and/or the starch grain morphology, is changed in comparison with the synthesized starch in wild type plant cells or plants, so that this modified starch is better suited for special applications. The said transgenic plants synthesizing a modified starch are disclosed, for example, in EP 0 571 427, WO 1995/004826, EP 0 719 338, WO 1996/15248, WO 1996/19581, WO 1996/27674, WO 1997/11188, WO 1997/26362, WO 1997/32985, WO 1997/42328, WO 1997/44472, WO 1997/45545, WO 1998/27212, WO 1998/40503, WO 99/58688, WO 1999/58690, WO 1999/58654, WO 2000/008184, WO 2000/008185, WO 2000/28052, WO 2000/77229, WO 2001/12782, WO 2001/12826, WO 2002/101059, WO 2003/071860, WO 2004/056999, WO 2005/030942, WO 2005/030941, WO 2005/095632, WO 2005/095617, WO 2005/095619, WO 2005/095618, WO 2005/123927, WO 2006/018319, WO 2006/103107, WO 2006/108702, WO 2007/009823, WO 2000/22140, WO 2006/063862, WO 2006/072603, WO 2002/034923, EP 06090134.5, EP 06090228.5, EP 06090227.7, EP 07090007.1, EP 07090009.7, WO 2001/14569, WO 2002/79410, WO 2003/33540, WO 2004/078983, WO 2001/19975, WO 1995/26407, WO 1996/34968, WO 1998/20145, WO 1999/12950, WO 1999/66050, WO 1999/53072, U.S. Pat. No. 6,734,341, WO 2000/11192, WO 1998/22604, WO 1998/32326, WO 2001/98509, WO 2001/98509, WO 2005/002359, U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,790, U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,861, WO 1994/004693, WO 1994/009144, WO 1994/11520, WO 1995/35026 or WO 1997/20936.
      • 2) transgenic plants which synthesize nonstarch carbohydrate polymers or which synthesize nonstarch carbohydrate polymers with altered properties in comparison to wild type plants without genetic modification. Examples are plants producing polyfructose, especially of the inulin and levan type, as disclosed in EP 0 663 956, WO 1996/001904, WO 1996/021023, WO 1998/039460 and WO 1999/024593, plants producing alpha-1,4-glucans as disclosed in WO 1995/031553, US 2002/031826, U.S. Pat. No. 6,284,479, U.S. Pat. No. 5,712,107, WO 1997/047806, WO 1997/047807, WO 1997/047808 and WO 2000/14249, plants producing alpha-1,6 branched alpha-1,4-glucans, as disclosed in WO 2000/73422, and plants producing alternan, as disclosed in WO 2000/047727, EP 06077301.7, U.S. Pat. No. 5,908,975 and EP 0 728 213.
      • 3) transgenic plants which produce hyaluronan, as for example disclosed in WO 2006/032538, WO 2007/039314, WO 2007/039315, WO 2007/039316, JP 2006/304779 and WO 2005/012529.
  • Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods, such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are plants, such as cotton plants, with altered fiber characteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such altered fiber characteristics and include:
      • a) plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of cellulose synthase genes as described in WO 1998/000549,
      • b) plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acids as described in WO 2004/053219;
      • c) plants, such as cotton plants, with increased expression of sucrose phosphate synthase as described in WO 2001/017333;
      • d) plants, such as cotton plants, with increased expression of sucrose synthase as described in WO 02/45485;
      • e) plants, such as cotton plants, wherein the timing of the plasmodesmatal gating at the basis of the fiber cell is altered, e.g. through downregulation of fiber selective β-1,3-glucanase as described in WO 2005/017157;
      • f) plants, such as cotton plants, having fibers with altered reactivity, e.g. through the expression of the N-acetylglucosamine transferase gene including nodC and chitin synthase genes as described in WO 2006/136351.
  • Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods, such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are plants, such as oilseed rape or related Brassica plants, with altered oil profile characteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such altered oil characteristics and include:
      • a) plants, such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a high oleic acid content as described, e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 5,969,169, U.S. Pat. No. 5,840,946, U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,392 or U.S. Pat. No. 6,063,947;
      • b) plants such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a low linolenic acid content as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,270,828, U.S. Pat. No. 6,169,190 or U.S. Pat. No. 5,965,755;
      • c) plants such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a low level of saturated fatty acids as described, e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 5,434,283.
  • Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants which comprise one or more genes which encode one or more toxins, are the transgenic plants which are sold under the following trade names: YIELD GARD® (for example maize, cotton, soybeans), KnockOut® (for example maize), BiteGard® (for example maize), BT-Xtra® (for example maize), StarLink® (for example maize), Bollgard® (cotton), Nucotn® (cotton), Nucotn 33B® (cotton), NatureGard® (for example maize), Protecta® and NewLeaf® (potato). Examples of herbicide-tolerant plants which may be mentioned are maize varieties, cotton varieties and soybean varieties which are sold under the following trade names: Roundup Ready® (tolerance to glyphosate, for example maize, cotton, soybean), Liberty Link® (tolerance to phosphinotricin, for example oilseed rape), IMI® (tolerance to imidazolinone) and SCS® (tolerance to sulfonylurea), for example maize. Herbicide-resistant plants (plants bred in a conventional manner for herbicide tolerance) which may be mentioned include the varieties sold under the name Clearfield® (for example maize).
  • Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants containing transformation events, or a combination of transformation events, that are listed for example in the databases from various national or regional regulatory agencies (see for example http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx and http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).
  • The preparation and the use of the active compounds according to the invention is intended to be more fully explained from the following examples without, however, being limited to these.
    • PREPARATION EXAMPLES Example N-Ethyl-N-methyl-N′-[4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-2-chloro-5-methylphenyl]form-amidine
  • 0.33 g (1.20 mmol) of 4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-2-chloro-5-methylaniline is dissolved in 5 ml of toluene, and 0.25 ml of a solution of N-ethyl-N-methylformamidine dimethyl acetal in methanol (60%) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at 77° C. for 12 h, freed from the solvent under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography. This gives 0.38 g of product (purity 95.2%, yield 86.5%; log P (pH2.3)=2.38).
    • Synthesis of the Starting Materials 4-(3-Isopropylphenoxy)-2-chloro-5-methylaniline
  • A solution of 3.80 g (12.5 mmol) of 4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-2-chloro-5-methylnitrobenzene in 60 ml of dioxane and 60 ml of hydrochloric acid is admixed with 8.41 g (37.2 mmol) of tin(II) chloride dihydrate at room temperature and the mixture is then refluxed for 2 h. It is cooled to room temperature, neutralized with NaHCO3 and extracted repeatedly with dichloromethane, and the extracts are dried over Na2SO4 and filtered, and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure (3.47 g, 94.5% purity, 95.7% yield, log P (pH 2.3)=4.68).
    • 4-(3-Isopropylphenoxy)-2-chloro-5-methylnitrobenzene
  • 3.81 g (27.9 mmol) of 3-isopropylphenol, 5.30 g (27.9 mmol) of 4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-nitro-toluene and 5.79 g (41.9 mmol) of potassium carbonate are stirred in 30 ml of N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 100° C. for 7 h and the mixture is poured onto ice, stirred at 0° C. for 15 min and then filtered. The solid is washed with water and hexane and dried under reduced pressure (4.03 g, 98.5% purity, 46.5% yield, log P (pH 2.3)=5.54).
  • TABLE I
    (I)
    Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00028
    logP
    No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 acidic M+
     1 H Me Et Me Me —C≡CH OH H 337
     2 H Me Et Me Me n-Pr OH H 355
     3 H Me Et Me Me Prop-2-enyl OH Me 367
     4 H Me Et Me Me —C≡CH OH Me 351
     5 H Me Et Me Me Ph OH Me 403
     6-1 H Me Et Me Me ═CH2 Et 337
     6-2 H Me Et Me Me ═CHCH3 Me 337
     7 H Me Et Me Me i-Pr Me OH 369
     8 H Me Et Me Me Et Me OMe 369
     9 H Me Et Me Me n-Pr Me OMe 383
    10 H Me Et Me Me 2-Methyl- Me OMe 395
    prop-2-enyl
    11 H Me Et Me Me Prop-2-enyl Me OMe 381
    12 H Me Et Me Me Ph Me OMe 417
    13 H Me Et Me Me i-Pr Me OEt 397
    14 H Me Et Me Me n-Pr Me OEt 397
    15 H Me Et Me Me 2-Methyl- Me OEt 409
    prop-2-enyl
    16 H Me Et Me Me Prop-2-enyl Me OEt 395
    17 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 Me OEt 381
    18 H Me Et Me Me t-Bu OMe H 383
    19 H Me Et Me Me t-Bu Me OH 383
    20 H Me Et Me Me 2-Methyl- Me O-Prop- 421
    prop-2-enyl 2-enyl
    21 H Me Et Me Me n-Pr Me O-Prop- 407
    2-enyl
    22 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 Me O-Prop- 393
    2-enyl
    23 H Me Et Me Me 2-Methyl- Me O-Bu 437
    prop-2-enyl
    24 H Me Et Me Me Prop-2-enyl Me O-Bu 423
    25 H Me Et Me Me Et Et OH 369
    26 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 Et OH 367
    27 H Me Et Me Me CF3 OMe H 395
    28 H Me Et Me Me —C≡CH OMe H 351
    29 H Me Et Me Me Me Et OEt 383
    30 H Me Et Me Me t-Bu Cl H 387
    31 H Me Et Me Me Ph Me O-Prop- 443
    2-enyl
    32 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 Me O-Bu 409
    33 H Me Et Me Me i-Pr OH H 355
    34 H Me Et Me Me OH H H 313
    35 H Me Et Me Me Prop-2-enyl OH H 353
    36 H Me Et Me Me CF3 OH H 381
    37 H Me Et Me Me Me Me OMe 2.14
    38 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 OH H 339
    39 H Me Et Me Me CF3 Me OH
    40 H Me Et Me Me Prop-2-enyl OMe H
    41 H Me Et Me Me CF3 Me OMe
    42 H Me Et Me Me CF3 OSiMe3 H
    43 H Me Et Me Me CF3 OSiMe3 Me
    44 H Me Et Me Me CCl3 OH H
    45 H Me Et Me Me CCl3 OMe H
    46-1 H Me Et Me Me Me OEt H
    46-2 H Me Et Me Me Me OMe H
    47 H Me Et Me Me Me OH H 327
    48 H Me Et Me Me n-Pr Me OH
    49 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 Me OH 353
    50 H Me Et Me Me 2-Methyl- Me OH 381
    prop-2-enyl
    51 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 Me OMe 367
    52 H Me Et Me Me i-Pr Me OMe 383
    53-1 H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 OMe H
    53-2(*1) H Me Et Me Me —CH═CH2 OMe H
    54 H Me Et Me Me Me Me OH
    55 H Me Et Me Me Ph OH H
    56-1 H Me Et Me Me Ph OMe H
    56-2(*2) H Me Et Me Me Ph OMe H
    56-3(*1) H Me Et Me Me Ph OMe H
    56-4(*3) H Me Et Me Me Ph OMe H
    57-1 H Me Et Me Me —C2H4—OH H H 1.56
    57-2 H Me i-Pr Me Me —C2H4—OH H H 1.67
    58 H Me i-Pr Me Me Prop-2-enyl Me OEt
    59 H Me i-Pr Me Me Prop-2-enyl Me OH
    60 H (CH2)5 Me Me Prop-2-enyl Me OH
    61-1 H Me Et Cl Me Me Me H 2.38
    61-2 H Me i-Pr Cl Me Me Me H 2.54
    61-3 H (CH2)5 Cl Me Me Me H 2.62
    61-4 H —(CH)CH3(CH2)4 Cl Me Me Me H 2.67
    62 H Me Et Me Me t-Bu H H 2.74
    63 H Me Et Me Me SiMe3 H H 2.93
    64 H Me Et Me Me —CH2CH2— H 2.35
    65-1 H Et Pr Me Me Me Me OMe 2.50
    65-2 H —CH2—((CH)— Me Me Me Me OMe 2.24
    CH3))—O—
    ((CH)—CH3))—
    CH2—
    66 H Me Et Me CF3 Me Me H 2.65
    (*1)Oxalate,
    (*2)Mesylate,
    (*3)Chloride
    • USE EXAMPLES Example 1 Podosphaera Test (Apple)/Protective
  • Solvents: 24.5 parts by weight of acetone
      • 24.5 parts by weight of dimethylacetamide
        Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of the compounds according to the invention of Table I is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • To test for protective activity, young plants are sprayed with the active compound preparation at the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of the apple mildew pathogen Podosphaera leucotricha. The plants are then placed in a greenhouse at about 23° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 70%.
  • Evaluation is carried out 10 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • In this test, the compounds of the formulae 8, 37, 62 and 63 according to the invention (see Table I) shows at an active compound concentration of 100 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
    • Example 2 Sphaerotheca Test (Cucumber)/Protective
  • Solvents: 24.5 parts by weight of acetone
      • 24.5 parts by weight of dimethylacetamide
        Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of N-ethyl-N-methyl-N′[4-phenoxy-2,5-xylyl]formamidine (according to formula I-a) is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • To test for protective activity, young plants are sprayed with the active compound preparation at the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of Sphaerotheca fuliginea. The plants are then placed in a greenhouse at about 23° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 70%.
  • Evaluation is carried out 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • In this test, the compound of the formulae 8, 61-1 and 61-2 according to the invention (see Table I) shows, at an active compound concentration of 100 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
    • Example 3 Uromyces Test (Bean)/Protective
  • Solvents: 24.5 parts by weight of acetone
      • 24.5 parts by weight of dimethylacetamide
        Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of N-ethyl-N-methyl-N′-[4-phenoxy-2,5-xylyl]formamidine (according to formula I-a) is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • To test for protective activity, young plants are sprayed with the active compound preparation at the stated application rate. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants are inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of the bean rust pathogen Uromyces appendiculatus and then remain in an incubation cabin at about 20° C. and 100% relative atmospheric humidity for 1 day.
  • The plants are then placed in a greenhouse at about 21° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 90%.
  • Evaluation is carried out 10 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • In this test, the compound of the formulae 37, 62, 63 according to the invention (see Table I) shows, at an active compound concentration of 10 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
    • Example 4 Erysiphe Test (Barley)/Protective
  • Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylformamide
    Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of N-ethyl-N-methyl-N′-[4-phenoxy-2,5-xylyl]formamidine (according to formula I-a) is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • To test for protective activity, young cereal plants are sprayed with the active compound preparation at the stated application rate. 1 day after the treatment, the plants are inoculated with spores of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. Hordei. The plants are then placed in a greenhouse at 70% relative atmospheric humidity and a temperature of 18° C.
  • Evaluation is carried out 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • In this test, the compounds of the formulae 8, 37, 57-2, 61-1, 61-2, 62, 63, 64 according to the invention (see Table I) show, at an active compound concentration of 500 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
    • Example 5 Alternaria Test (Tomato)/Protective
  • Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylformamide
    Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • To test for protective activity, young tomato plants are sprayed with the active compound preparation at the stated application rate. 1 day after the treatment, the plants are inoculated with a spore suspension of Alternaria solani and then stand at 100% relative atmospheric humidity and 20° C. for 24 h. The plants then stand at 96% relative atmospheric humidity and a temperature of 20° C.
  • Evaluation is carried out 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • In this test, the compounds of the formulae 37, 61-1, 62 and 66 according to the invention (see Table I) show, at an active compound concentration of 500 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.
    • Example 6 Leptosphaeria Nodorum Test (Wheat)/Protective
  • Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylformamide
    Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
  • To test for protective activity, young wheat plants are sprayed with the active compound preparation at the stated application rate. 1 day after the treatment, the plants are inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of Leptosphaeria nodorum and remain at 100% relative atmospheric humidity and 20° C. for 48 h. The plants are then placed in a greenhouse at 80% relative atmospheric humidity and a temperature of 22° C.
  • Evaluation is carried out 12-14 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control, whereas an efficacy of 100% means that no infection is observed.
  • In this test, the compounds of the formulae 37, 61-1, 63 and 66 according to the invention (see Table I) show, at an active compound concentration of 500 ppm, an efficacy of 70% or more.

Claims (18)

1. A 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine of formula (I)
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00029
in which
m represents an integer from 0 to 12;
R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl, C4-12-alkynyl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and —CONR′2, where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group; —SH; —SR″, where R″ represents a C1-12-alkyl group which may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and —CONR′2, where R′ has the above meanings;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl, C4-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and CONR′2, where R′ has the above meanings;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of —CN, —SH, —SR″, —OR″, —(C═O)—R″, where R″ has the above meanings; straight-chain, branched C2-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl, C4-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, —X, —OR′, —SR′, —NR′2, —SiR′3, —COOR′, —CN and CONR′2, where R′ has the above meanings;
or in which
R2 and R3,
R2 and R1 or
R1 and R3 together with the atoms to which they are attached or together with further atoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S may form a four- to seven-membered ring which may be substituted by one or more X, R′, OR′, SR′, NR′2, SiR′3 groups, where R′ has the above meanings;
R4 and R5 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —X, —CN, —SH, —SR″, —OR″, —(C═O)—R″, where R″ has the above meanings; straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl, C4-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN), and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings;
R6 and R7 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, straight-chain, branched C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl, C4-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl or C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings;
R8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), straight-chain, branched C2-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl, cyclic C3-12-alkyl, C4-12-alkenyl, C4-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl, C7-19-aralkyl and C7-19-alkaryl groups, where in the ring system of all of the cyclic groups mentioned above one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S and all of the groups mentioned above may be substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of —R′, halogen (—X), alkoxy (—OR′), thioether or mercapto (—SR′), amino (—NR′2), silyl (—SiR′3), carboxyl (—COOR′), cyano (—CN) and amide groups (—CONR′2), where R′ has the above meanings;
And/or a salt thereof.
2. The 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine as claimed in claim 1 where
m represents from 0 to 2;
R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a mercapto group (—SH) or C1-8-alkyl groups;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C1-8-alkyl groups;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of straight-chain, branched and alicyclic C2-8-alkyl groups;
or where
R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached or together with further atoms, which are selected from the group consisting of N and O, may form a five- to six-membered ring which may be substituted by one or more C1-12-alkyl groups;
R4 and R5 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of —X, straight-chain or branched C1-12-alkyl groups and C1-5-haloalkyl groups;
R6 and R7 independently of one another are selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, straight-chain C1-8-alkyl groups;
R8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, straight-chain, branched, alicyclic or heterocyclic C2-8-alkyl groups, OR′-, SiR′3 groups, where R′ represents hydrogen or a C1-12-alkyl group;
And/or a salt thereof.
3. The 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine or salt as claimed in claim 1 where
m represents 0 or 1;
R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, mercapto and methyl;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of ethyl and cyclopropyl;
or where
R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a piperidyl, pyrrolidyl or 2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl radical;
R4 and R5 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of Cl and F atoms and —CF3, —CF2H and methyl groups;
R6 and R7 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl and ethyl groups;
R8 is selected from the group consisting of tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trimethylsilyl and triethylsilyl groups,
And/or a salt thereof.
4. The 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt as claimed in claim 1 selected from the group consisting of N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (1), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxybutyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methyl-imidoformamide (2), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (3), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-prop-2-yn-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamide (4), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamide (5), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(1-methylenepropyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (6-1), N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(1e/Z)-1-methylprop-1-en-1-yl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (6-2), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(1,1,2-trimethylpropyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (7), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamide (8), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methyl-imidoformamide (9), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (10), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (11), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-phenylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (12), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (13), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylbutyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methyl-imidoformamide (14), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (15), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methyl-but-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (16), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (17), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (18), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethyl-propyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimido-formamide (19), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (20), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1-methylbutyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (21), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (22), N′-{4-[3-(1-butoxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (23), N′-{4-[3-(1-butoxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (24), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-ethyl-1-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (25), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-ethyl-1-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (26), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (27), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyprop-2-yn-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methyl-limidoformamide (28), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (29), N′-{4-[3-(1-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (30), N′-(4-{3-[1-(allyloxy)-1-phenylethyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-imidoformamide (31), N′-{4-[3-(1-butoxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimido-formamide (32), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (33), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (34), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxybut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methyl-imidoformamide (35), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)phen-oxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (36), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxyprop-2-yn-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (37), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (38), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (39), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxybut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (40), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (41), N′-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(3-{2,2,2-trifluoro-1-[(trimethylsilyl)-oxy]ethyl}phenoxy)phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (42), N′-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(3-{2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-1-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]ethyl}phenoxy)phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (43), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)-phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (44), N′-{2,5-dimethyl-4-[3-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (45), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (46-1), N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methyl-imidoformamide (46-2), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxyethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (47), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbutyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (48), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methyl-imidoformamide (49), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1,3-dimethylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (50), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (51), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (52), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (53-1), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxyprop-2-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamideinium oxalate (53-2), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (54), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamide (55), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy-(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamide (56-1), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimido-formamideinium mesylate (56-2), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamideinium oxalate (56-3), N-ethyl-N′-(4-{3-[methoxy(phenyl)methyl]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylimidoformamideinium chloroide (56-4), N-ethyl-N′-{4-[3-(3-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methylimidoformamide (57-1), N′-{4-[3-(3-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-di-methylphenyl}-N-isopropyl-N-methylimidoformamide (57-2), N′-{4-[3-(1-ethoxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-isopropyl-N-methylimido-formamide (58), N′-{4-[3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl}-N-isopropyl-N-methylimido-formamide (59), 2-[3-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[(1e)-piperidin-1-ylmethylene]amino}-phenoxy)phenyl]pent-4-en-2-ol (60), N′-[2-chloro-4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methylphenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (61-1), N′-[2-chloro-4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methylphenyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methylimidoformamide (61-2), 2-chloro-4-(3-isopropyl-phenoxy)-5-methyl-N-[(1e)-piperidin-1-ylmethylene]-aniline (61-3), 2-chloro-4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methyl-N-[(1e)-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)methylene]anilin (61-4), N′-{4-[3-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (62), N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]-phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-imidoformamide (63), N′-[4-(3-cyclo-propylphenoxy)-2,5-dimethylphenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide (64), N′-{4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-methyl-N-propylimido-formamide (65-1), N-[(1e)-(2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)methylene]-4-[3-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl)-phenoxy]-2,5-dimethylaniline, and N-ethyl-N′-[4-(3-isopropylphenoxy)-5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-N-methylimidoformamide (66).
5. A process for preparing a 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt as claimed in claim 1 which comprises at least one of the following steps (a) to (j):
(a) reaction of nitrobenzene derivatives of the formula (III) with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00030
(b) reaction of nitrophenol derivatives of the formula (V) with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00031
(c) reaction of anilines of the formula (VII) with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00032
(d) reaction of aminophenols of the formula (XII) with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00033
(e) reduction of the nitrophenyl ethers of the formula (VI) to aniline ethers of the formula (VIII) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00034
(f) reaction of the aniline ethers of the formula (VIII) with
(i) aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
(ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
(iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI)
according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00035
(g) reaction of the aminophenols of the formula (XII) with
(i) aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
(ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
(iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI)
according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00036
(h) reaction of the aminophenols of the formula (VII) with
(i) aminoacetals of the formula (XIII) or
(ii) with amides of the formula (XIV) or
(iii) with amines of the formula (XV) in the presence of ortho esters of the formula (XVI) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00037
(i) reaction of amidines of the formula (XI) with 3-substituted phenols of the formula (II) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00038
(j) reaction of amidines of the formula (XI) with 3-substituted phenyl derivatives of the formula (IV) according to the reaction scheme below:
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00039
where in the above schemes
Z represents a leaving group;
M is 0 to 12,
R1 to R9 have the above meanings;
and
R10 to R12 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl or C7-19-arylalkyl, C7-19-alkylaryl groups and in each case R10 with R12, R10 with R11 or R11 with R12 together with the atom to which they are attached, if appropriate with further carbon, nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms, may form a five-, six- or seven-membered carbo- or heterocyclic ring;
R13 and R14 independently of one another independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl or C7-19-arylalkyl groups and together with the atom to which they are attached may form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring.
6. A 3-substituted nitrophenyl ether of formula (VI);
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00040
in which
m and R4 to R8 have the above meanings.
7. A 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt thereof prepared using a 3-substituted nitrophenyl ether of claim 6.
8. A 3-substituted aniline ether of formula (VIII)
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00041
in which
m and R4 to R8 have the above meanings.
9. A 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt thereof prepared using a 3-substituted nitrophenyl ether of the formula (VIII), as claimed in claim 7.
10. An aminoacetal of formula (XIII)
Figure US20100167926A1-20100701-C00042
in which
R1 to R3 have the above meanings,
R13 and R14 independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-12-alkyl, C2-12-alkenyl, C2-12-alkynyl or C5-18-aryl or C7-19-arylalkyl groups and together with the oxygen atoms to which they are attached may form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring.
11. A composition for controlling unwanted microorganisms, comprising at least one 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1.
12. A composition comprising a 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1 and/or mixtures thereof for controlling unwanted microorganisms.
13. A method for controlling unwanted microorganisms, wherein the at least one 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1 is applied to the microorganisms and/or a habitat thereof.
14. Seed treated with at least one 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1.
15. A method for treating seed comprising using 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines as claimed in claim 1.
16. A method for treating a transgenic plant comprising using a 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine and/or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1.
17. A method for treating seed of a transgenic plant comprising using a 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines and/or salt thereof as claimed claim 1.
18. A method for protecting seed against unwanted microorganisms by using seed treated with at least one 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidine as claimed in claim 1.
US12/530,767 2007-03-12 2008-03-04 3-substituted phenoxyphenylamidines and use thereof as fungicides Abandoned US20100167926A1 (en)

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JP2010520900A (en) 2010-06-17
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