US20090145528A1 - Gelatinous enhancer for inflator - Google Patents

Gelatinous enhancer for inflator Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090145528A1
US20090145528A1 US12/326,454 US32645408A US2009145528A1 US 20090145528 A1 US20090145528 A1 US 20090145528A1 US 32645408 A US32645408 A US 32645408A US 2009145528 A1 US2009145528 A1 US 2009145528A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
enhancer
inflator
gelatinous
silicone oil
ammonium nitrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/326,454
Inventor
Nobuyuki Ohji
Shoji Kobayashi
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Daicel Corp
Original Assignee
Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Assigned to DAICEL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment DAICEL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOBAYASHI, SHOJI, OHJI, NOBUYUKI
Publication of US20090145528A1 publication Critical patent/US20090145528A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, which is used in an inflator for an air bag apparatus or other applications.
  • B/KNO 3 is widely employed as a enhancer for an inflator.
  • B/KNO 3 has a high combustion temperature and favorable ignitability in relation to a gas generant.
  • B/KNO 3 burns vigorously, and therefore burns out instantaneously.
  • B/KNO 3 is insufficient as a enhancer for a gas generant having low ignitability.
  • B/KNO 3 is expensive and exhibits a low gas efficiency.
  • An invention relates to a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, including silicone oil and ammonium nitrate.
  • the present invention provides a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, which can solve problems relating to costs, ignitability in relation to a gas generant, and so on.
  • the invention preferably relates to a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, wherein the silicone oil content ranges from 5 to 35 mass % and the ammonium nitrate content ranges from 65 to 95 mass %.
  • the gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention generates more combustion heat than B/KNO 3 , which is widely used as a enhancer, and therefore exhibits favorable ignitability in relation to a gas generant having low ignitability. Further, the gas efficiency of the gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention is high, and therefore gas generated thereby can be used also to inflate an air bag. Thus, gas generated from the gas generant can be complemented by the gas generated by the gelatinous enhancer.
  • Known silicone oil is used in the present invention (see [0016] to [0019] of US-A No. 2005/0235863, for example), and either straight silicone oil or denatured silicone oil may be used.
  • straight silicone oil polydimethylsiloxane, for example
  • straight silicone oil is preferable.
  • the viscosity of the silicone oil is preferably within a range of 100 to 20,000 cm 2 /s, more preferably within a range of 500 to 15,000 cm 2 /s, and even more preferably within a range of 1000 to 15,000 cm 2 /s.
  • the method of measuring the viscosity corresponds to the method described in JIS K2283, and a value measured at 25° C. is taken.
  • the silicone oil content is preferably between 3 and 30 mass %, more preferably between 5 and 25 mass %, and even more preferably between 5 and 20 mass %.
  • Ammonium nitrate used in the present invention may be a normal ammonium nitrate or an ammonium nitrate subjected to phase stabilization by a known method (for example, JP-A No. 2002-338241, JP-A No. 2006-520312, JP-A No. 10-259085) using potassium nitrate, an inorganic potassium salt such as potassium perchlorate, an organic potassium salt such as potassium oxalate, or the like.
  • the ammonium nitrate content is preferably between 70 and 97 mass %, more preferably between 75 and 95 mass %, and even more preferably between 80 and 95 mass %.
  • the gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention may be a three component-based enhancer including a nitrogen-containing compound in addition to the silicone oil and ammonium nitrate described above.
  • a nitrogen-containing compound When a nitrogen-containing compound is included, the gas efficiency (mol/100 g; expressing the number of moles of gas generated per 100 g of gas generant) increases and an initial pressure upon ignition increases, preferably leading to an improvement in ignitability in relation to the gas generant.
  • the nitrogen-containing compound content is preferably 30 mass % or less of the total amount of the ammonium nitrate and the nitrogen-containing compound.
  • the nitrogen-containing compound may be selected from a tetrazole derivative, guanidine, guanidine carbonate, nitroguanidine, dicyandiamide, nitroaminoguanidine, and nitroaminoguanidine nitrate.
  • tetrazole derivatives include tetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole, 5,5′-bi-1H-tetrazole, 5-nitroaminotetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole zinc salt, 5-aminotetrazole copper salt, bitetrazole, bitetrazole potassium salt, bitetrazole sodium salt, bitetrazole magnesium salt, bitetrazole calcium salt, bitetrazole diammonium salt, bitetrazole copper salt, and bitetrazole melamine salt.
  • the gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention can be obtained by blending a predetermined amount of silicone oil, a predetermined amount of ammonium nitrate, and in certain cases, a predetermined amount of a nitrogen-containing compound.
  • the gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention can be applied to various types of inflators having a known gas generant, for example an inflator for an air bag used in a driver side, an inflator for an air bag for a front passenger side, an inflator for a side air bag, an inflator for an inflatable curtain, an inflator for a knee bolster, an inflator for an inflatable seatbelt, an inflator for a tubular system, and an inflator for a pretensioner of various types of vehicles.
  • a known gas generant for example an inflator for an air bag used in a driver side, an inflator for an air bag for a front passenger side, an inflator for a side air bag, an inflator for an inflatable curtain, an inflator for a knee bolster, an inflator for an inflatable seatbelt, an inflator for a tubular system, and an inflator for a pretensioner of various types of vehicles.
  • thermochemical equilibrium calculation program A simulation value based on a thermochemical equilibrium calculation program.
  • thermochemical equilibrium calculation program A simulation value based on a thermochemical equilibrium calculation program.
  • thermochemical equilibrium calculation program A simulation value based on a thermochemical equilibrium calculation program.
  • the friction sensitivity (N) and the drop hammer sensitivity (cm) were measured on the basis of an explosive performance test method described in JIS K4810-1979.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, including silicone oil and ammonium nitrate.

Description

  • This nonprovisional application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) on Patent Application No. 2007-319125 filed in Japan on 11 Dec. 2007, which is incorporated by reference.
    • BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
  • 1. Field of Invention
  • The present invention relates to a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, which is used in an inflator for an air bag apparatus or other applications.
  • 2. Description of Arts
  • B/KNO3 is widely employed as a enhancer for an inflator. B/KNO3 has a high combustion temperature and favorable ignitability in relation to a gas generant. However, B/KNO3 burns vigorously, and therefore burns out instantaneously. Hence, B/KNO3 is insufficient as a enhancer for a gas generant having low ignitability. Furthermore, B/KNO3 is expensive and exhibits a low gas efficiency.
  • Further, when E/KNO3 is used, a problem arises in that an abnormal noise occurs during an operation. This problem can be solved by employing a elastic enhancer, but an elastic enhancer is easily affected by the environmental temperature and is therefore unsatisfactory in terms of operational reliability over a wide temperature range (−40° C. to 105° C.). US-A No. 2005/0235863, JP-A No. 2000-8637 and JP-A No. 2002-12493 are in the state of arts.
    • SUMMARY OF INVENTION
  • An invention relates to a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, including silicone oil and ammonium nitrate.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
  • The present invention provides a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, which can solve problems relating to costs, ignitability in relation to a gas generant, and so on.
  • The invention preferably relates to a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, wherein the silicone oil content ranges from 5 to 35 mass % and the ammonium nitrate content ranges from 65 to 95 mass %.
  • The gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention generates more combustion heat than B/KNO3, which is widely used as a enhancer, and therefore exhibits favorable ignitability in relation to a gas generant having low ignitability. Further, the gas efficiency of the gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention is high, and therefore gas generated thereby can be used also to inflate an air bag. Thus, gas generated from the gas generant can be complemented by the gas generated by the gelatinous enhancer.
    • PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF INVENTION
  • Known silicone oil is used in the present invention (see [0016] to [0019] of US-A No. 2005/0235863, for example), and either straight silicone oil or denatured silicone oil may be used. However, straight silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane, for example) is preferable.
  • To provide the enhancer in a gelatinous form, the viscosity of the silicone oil is preferably within a range of 100 to 20,000 cm2/s, more preferably within a range of 500 to 15,000 cm2/s, and even more preferably within a range of 1000 to 15,000 cm2/s. The method of measuring the viscosity corresponds to the method described in JIS K2283, and a value measured at 25° C. is taken.
  • The silicone oil content is preferably between 3 and 30 mass %, more preferably between 5 and 25 mass %, and even more preferably between 5 and 20 mass %.
  • Ammonium nitrate used in the present invention may be a normal ammonium nitrate or an ammonium nitrate subjected to phase stabilization by a known method (for example, JP-A No. 2002-338241, JP-A No. 2006-520312, JP-A No. 10-259085) using potassium nitrate, an inorganic potassium salt such as potassium perchlorate, an organic potassium salt such as potassium oxalate, or the like.
  • The ammonium nitrate content is preferably between 70 and 97 mass %, more preferably between 75 and 95 mass %, and even more preferably between 80 and 95 mass %.
  • The gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention may be a three component-based enhancer including a nitrogen-containing compound in addition to the silicone oil and ammonium nitrate described above. When a nitrogen-containing compound is included, the gas efficiency (mol/100 g; expressing the number of moles of gas generated per 100 g of gas generant) increases and an initial pressure upon ignition increases, preferably leading to an improvement in ignitability in relation to the gas generant.
  • When a nitrogen-containing compound is included, the nitrogen-containing compound content is preferably 30 mass % or less of the total amount of the ammonium nitrate and the nitrogen-containing compound.
  • The nitrogen-containing compound may be selected from a tetrazole derivative, guanidine, guanidine carbonate, nitroguanidine, dicyandiamide, nitroaminoguanidine, and nitroaminoguanidine nitrate.
  • Examples of tetrazole derivatives include tetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole, 5,5′-bi-1H-tetrazole, 5-nitroaminotetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole zinc salt, 5-aminotetrazole copper salt, bitetrazole, bitetrazole potassium salt, bitetrazole sodium salt, bitetrazole magnesium salt, bitetrazole calcium salt, bitetrazole diammonium salt, bitetrazole copper salt, and bitetrazole melamine salt.
  • The gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention can be obtained by blending a predetermined amount of silicone oil, a predetermined amount of ammonium nitrate, and in certain cases, a predetermined amount of a nitrogen-containing compound.
  • The gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to the present invention can be applied to various types of inflators having a known gas generant, for example an inflator for an air bag used in a driver side, an inflator for an air bag for a front passenger side, an inflator for a side air bag, an inflator for an inflatable curtain, an inflator for a knee bolster, an inflator for an inflatable seatbelt, an inflator for a tubular system, and an inflator for a pretensioner of various types of vehicles.
    • EXAMPLES Examples and Comparative Example
  • By blending the components shown in Table 1, a gelatinous enhancer for an inflator according to Examples and a enhancer according to Comparative Example were obtained. The following tests were performed on these enhancers. The results are shown in Table 1.
    • (1) Combustion Temperature (K)
  • A simulation value based on a thermochemical equilibrium calculation program.
  • (2) Combustion Heat (cal/g)
  • A simulation value based on a thermochemical equilibrium calculation program.
  • (3) Gas Efficiency (mol/100 g)
  • A simulation value based on a thermochemical equilibrium calculation program.
    • (4) Friction Sensitivity (N), Drop Hammer Sensitivity (cm)
  • The friction sensitivity (N) and the drop hammer sensitivity (cm) were measured on the basis of an explosive performance test method described in JIS K4810-1979.
  • TABLE 1
    Drop
    Combustion Friction hammer
    temperature Combustion Gas efficiency sensitivity sensitivity
    Gas generant composition (mass %) (K) heat (cal/g) (mol/100 g) (N) (cm)
    Example 1 Silicone oil(1)/Ammonium nitrate = 10.4/89.6 2393 1191 4.06 >353 50-60
    Example 2 Silicone oil(2)/Ammonium nitrate = 10.4/89.6 2393 1191 4.06 >353 50-60
    Example 3 Silicone oil(3)/Ammonium nitrate = 10.4/89.6 2393 1191 4.06 >353 50-60
    Comparative B/KNO3 = 25/75 3089 827 1.34 >353 30-40
    Example 1
    • Ammonium nitrate: product name K-320 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
    • Silicone oil (1): product name TSF451-30M (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan LLC.), viscosity 3000 cm2/s
    • Silicone oil (2): product name KF-96 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemicals Co., Ltd.), viscosity 5,000 cm2/s
    • Silicone oil (3): product name KF-96H (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemicals Co., Ltd.), viscosity 10,000 cm2/s

Claims (2)

1. A gelatinous enhancer for an inflator, comprising silicone oil and ammonium nitrate.
2. The gelatinous enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the silicone oil content ranges from 5 to 35 mass % and the ammonium nitrate content ranges from 65 to 95 mass %.
US12/326,454 2007-12-11 2008-12-02 Gelatinous enhancer for inflator Abandoned US20090145528A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007-319125 2007-12-11
JP2007319125A JP2009137820A (en) 2007-12-11 2007-12-11 Gelatinous transfer charge for inflator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090145528A1 true US20090145528A1 (en) 2009-06-11

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EP (1) EP2077258B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009137820A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102666438A (en) * 2009-12-21 2012-09-12 欧洲含能材料公司 Malleable solid explosive and method for obtaining it

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US2999744A (en) * 1955-05-06 1961-09-12 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Plastic explosive compositions
US3113894A (en) * 1962-06-27 1963-12-10 Atlantic Res Corp Thixotropic heterogeneous monopropellant compositions
US3196059A (en) * 1963-09-24 1965-07-20 Atlantic Res Corp Thixotropic propellant compositions
US6468369B1 (en) * 1998-04-15 2002-10-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generating composition for air bag
US20040231767A1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-25 Mendenhall Ivan V. Gas generating propellant compositions adapted for co-extrusion with a plastic sheath

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DE2027709C3 (en) * 1970-06-05 1978-10-19 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Plastic, easily deformable explosive mass by hand
JP3641343B2 (en) 1997-03-21 2005-04-20 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 Gas generator composition for low residue airbag
KR20010014303A (en) * 1998-04-30 2001-02-26 고지마 아끼로, 오가와 다이스께 Enhancer composition for inflator
JP3982066B2 (en) 1998-06-26 2007-09-26 株式会社Ｉｈｉ How to install inner shell roof of double shell tank
WO2001019757A2 (en) * 1999-09-16 2001-03-22 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Gas generants containing silicone fuels
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JP5019550B2 (en) 2001-05-14 2012-09-05 日本化薬株式会社 Double salt of ammonium nitrate, process for producing the same, and gas generating agent using the same
US6872265B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2005-03-29 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate
US20050161135A1 (en) * 2004-01-28 2005-07-28 Williams Graylon K. Auto-igniting pyrotechnic booster composition
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2999744A (en) * 1955-05-06 1961-09-12 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Plastic explosive compositions
US3113894A (en) * 1962-06-27 1963-12-10 Atlantic Res Corp Thixotropic heterogeneous monopropellant compositions
US3196059A (en) * 1963-09-24 1965-07-20 Atlantic Res Corp Thixotropic propellant compositions
US6468369B1 (en) * 1998-04-15 2002-10-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generating composition for air bag
US20040231767A1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-25 Mendenhall Ivan V. Gas generating propellant compositions adapted for co-extrusion with a plastic sheath

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102666438A (en) * 2009-12-21 2012-09-12 欧洲含能材料公司 Malleable solid explosive and method for obtaining it

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009137820A (en) 2009-06-25
EP2077258A1 (en) 2009-07-08
EP2077258B1 (en) 2018-09-19

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Effective date: 20081114

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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