US20080236776A1 - Method For the Production of a Paper Web, Especially Rotogravure Paper - Google Patents

Method For the Production of a Paper Web, Especially Rotogravure Paper Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080236776A1
US20080236776A1 US11/914,718 US91471806A US2008236776A1 US 20080236776 A1 US20080236776 A1 US 20080236776A1 US 91471806 A US91471806 A US 91471806A US 2008236776 A1 US2008236776 A1 US 2008236776A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
press
fibrous web
nip
section
roll
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/914,718
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English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Begemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Assigned to VOITH PATENT GMBH reassignment VOITH PATENT GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BEGEMANN, ULRICH
Publication of US20080236776A1 publication Critical patent/US20080236776A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F3/02—Wet presses
    • D21F3/04—Arrangements thereof
    • D21F3/045—Arrangements thereof including at least one extended press nip
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F3/02—Wet presses
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F5/02—Drying on cylinders
    • D21F5/04—Drying on cylinders on two or more drying cylinders
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F9/003—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the twin-wire type
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the production of a paper or another fibrous web according to the preamble of patent claim 1 .
  • SC high-speed paper machines for the production of high-quality SC paper
  • roll-blade formers i.e. wire formers having a forming roll and dewatering foils
  • the press nips can also be formed by shoe press rolls.
  • the fibrous web is calendered by at least two offline multi-nip calenders, which follow the paper machine production at a lower supercalendering speed.
  • the fibrous web is normally dried out in the drying section down to a residual moisture of 2 to 3% and, before the reeling station, is moistened, still within the paper machine, with the aid of a water application unit, for example a nozzle moistener.
  • the residence time of the spool wound with the paper web following the reeling in the paper machine until the supercalendering of the paper web into the calenders is between 0.5 and 2 hours. Thanks to the drying out and the long residence time, it is possible to assume that there is a very good moisture distribution in all directions within the paper web.
  • the productivity in an online process can be considerably higher on account of the rewinding losses resulting from the reeling, the unwinding and the rewinding of the paper web following calendering, which are dispensed with.
  • a conventional press section which is constructed as a three-nip press without an additional free-standing fourth press normally exhibits very high structural two-sidedness of the paper on account of asymmetrical dewatering conditions in the press since, in the second and third press nip, the dewatering takes place only toward the top side.
  • the paper two-sidedness is increased further as a result of the more intense dewatering toward the top side.
  • the press configurations having two free-standing press nips are either felted four-fold or have an impermeable transfer belt in the second lower position. This permits a supported web run with low web draws. In the case of the four-fold-felted configuration, this results in an increased roughness of the machine-finished paper. In the case of the configuration with the transfer belt in the second lower position, the machine-finished paper exhibits increased two-sidedness.
  • this object is achieved by a method for the production of a paper or another fibrous web, in which the fibrous web has pressure applied to it in a press section in a plurality of press nips, one side of the fibrous web being led through the penultimate press nip of the press section in contact with a smooth surface, and the side of the fibrous web opposite the one side being led through the last press nip of the press section in contact with a smooth surface.
  • the fibrous web is calendered on both sides with low drynesses in the two last press nips of a press section, since each side of the fibrous web is led through a press nip in contact with a smooth side.
  • two-sided macro calendering of the surface of the fibrous web takes place in the two last press nips, which leads to a considerably improved ability to be calendered in the following calender.
  • the smooth surface with which the fibrous web is brought into contact during the passage through a press nip can be formed both by a roll shell with a smooth cover or by a smooth transfer belt.
  • this can be permeable or impermeable, depending on the application.
  • the press section to comprise a three-nip press having a central roll and a free-standing press having a single nip, the third nip of the three-nip press being the penultimate press nip of the press section and the individual nip of the free-standing press being the last press nip of the press section.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides for the fibrous web to be led together with a transfer belt through the second and third press nips formed between the central roll and the press rolls of the three-nip press.
  • dewatering takes place in the direction of the press felt, whereas the fibrous web is smoothed as a result of the contact with the smooth transfer belt in the wet state.
  • the press as described above, is formed for example by a three-nip press having a central roll and a downstream free-standing press having a single nip
  • one side of the fibrous web is preferably led through the third press nip of the three-nip press in contact with the circumferential surface of the central roll and the other side of the fibrous web is led through the third press nip of the three-nip press in contact with a press felt, said last press nip forming the penultimate press nip of the press.
  • one side of the fibrous web is preferably led through the last press nip in contact with a press felt and the other side of the fibrous web is led through the last press nip in contact with the circumferential surface of the press roll, it being possible for the last press nip to be formed by the single press nip of the free-standing press.
  • the dryness after the press section in order thus, for example, to avoid overstretching and tearing of the fibrous web on account of web tension.
  • the dryness of the fibrous web can be increased. For instance, by using a shoe press in the penultimate press nip, the dryness is increased by 4%.
  • the calendering effect is intensified as compared with conventional press nips.
  • the fibrous web is, for example, led through the three-nip press on the transport belt and then through the single press nip of the free-standing press, it is expedient if the fibrous web is transferred by a transfer suction roll from the transfer belt to the press felt, on which said fibrous web then passes through the single press nip of the free-standing press.
  • calendering of the fibrous web is carried out in an online process (online calendering), then this places very high requirements on the cross-machine profile quality of mass and moisture per unit area, because of the higher supercalendering speeds as compared with the offline process.
  • One preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention accordingly provides that, in order to correct the cross-machine moisture profile of the fibrous web, a damping agent is applied selectively to the fibrous web at least once in the cross-machine direction at a moisture content of less than 50%, preferably after the press section.
  • a damping agent selectively at least once to the fibrous web in the cross-machine direction in the forming section and/or in the press section.
  • the fibrous web is preferably formed in a vertical gap former, in particular a twin-wire former.
  • the gap former has flexible formation foils. This improves the formation and the mottling in half-tones and full tones. Trials have shown that, by using flexible formation foils in a dewatering range between 2% and 8% dryness, preferably between 3% and 6% dryness, the formation index according to Ambertec can be reduced considerably.
  • the formation foils are advantageously pressed against the sandwich, comprising the two forming fabrics with a fibrous web arranged between them, with a contact pressure in the range between 5 kPa and 30 kPa, preferably between 8 kPa and 25 kPa.
  • the flexible formation foils effect additional dewatering in the twin-wire area.
  • the wrap angle of the forming roll by the two forming fabrics is preferably between 30° and 60°, preferably between 40° and 55°.
  • the wrap angle of the forming roll by the two forming fabrics is preferably between 30° and 60°, preferably between 40° and 55°.
  • the forming fabrics used should ensure a sufficiently high dewatering rate, have a low water storage volume and exhibit a fine surface on the paper side.
  • the fibrous web runs through drying section and is dried in the latter.
  • drying section There are different possibilities for drying the fibrous web, for example by drying on heated cylinders or by means of impingement drying with hot air.
  • the press section merely comprises three press nips and an impingement drying device is additionally arranged between the press section and the actual drying section.
  • an impingement drying device is additionally arranged between the press section and the actual drying section.
  • the three press nips are preferably formed by a three-nip press having a central roll and two press rolls. This results in a compact structure and therefore has advantages in the space required and in the production costs.
  • the first and/or the third press nip in this variant can be formed as a roll press or as a shoe press in each case. With shoe presses, the drying performance can be increased.
  • the multi-nip calendering device can have between 6 and 12 rolls.
  • the multi-nip calendering device is an online calendering device since, for example, offline calenders permit considerably lower web speeds and repeated rereeling of the paper web is necessary.
  • One preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides for one of the two sides of the fibrous web in each case to be brought into contact with a heated roll in a first sequence of calender nips and for the other of the two sides of the fibrous web then in each case to be brought into contact with a heated roll in a second sequence of calender nips.
  • the fibrous web is moistened on both sides after leaving the drying section.
  • another embodiment provides for the fibrous web to be moistened on both sides before entering the calendering device.
  • the best smoothness of the calendered fibrous web is achieved if the fibrous web is moistened to a moisture content of 7% to 9%, preferably to a moisture content of 8%.
  • the fibrous web has a moisture content of 7% to 9%, preferably of 8%, before each sequence of calender nips.
  • the fibrous web is preferably moistened by means of steam moisteners and/or nozzle moisteners.
  • the droplets must be distributed finely for adequate moistening of the fibrous web. This can be achieved by means of a two-component nozzle moistener with air and damping agent.
  • the above-described method with its multifarious embodiments according to the invention is preferably used for the production of rotogravure paper or SC or SCA+ paper which preferably has a filler content of 25% or more, particularly preferably a filler content of 30% or more.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a paper machine for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a paper machine 1 for the production of SC paper which preferably has a filler content of 25% or more.
  • a fibrous web 2 runs successively through the following sections of the paper machine 1 : forming section 3 , press section 4 , drying section 5 and calendering device 6 , before it is reeled in a winding device, not illustrated.
  • the fibrous web 2 is formed in a stock inlet gap 7 between an upper forming fabric 11 and a lower forming fabric 10 in the forming section 3 constructed as a vertical gap former. After the stock inlet gap 7 , the sandwich comprising the upper forming fabric 11 , fibrous web 2 and lower forming fabric 10 wraps around a forming roll 8 in the angular range between 30° and 60°, preferably between 40° and 55°, in order to dewater the fibrous web 2 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is then dewatered further by means of three flexible formation foils 12 in a dewatering range between 2% and 8% dryness, preferably between 3% and 6% dryness.
  • the flexible formation foils 12 are in this case pressed against the sandwich comprising upper forming fabric 11 , fibrous web 2 and lower forming fabric 10 with a contact pressure in the range between 8 kPa and 25 kPa.
  • the fibrous web has a top side 27 and a bottom side 28 arranged opposite the top side 27 .
  • the sandwich comprising upper forming fabric 11 , fibrous web 2 and lower forming fabric 10 is then led over a wire suction roll 13 before the upper forming fabric 11 is lifted off the top side 27 of the fibrous web 2 and the latter is led to the press section 4 with the bottom side 28 on the bottom forming fabric 10 .
  • the upper forming fabric 11 and the lower forming fabric 10 have a fabric thickness of less than 0.7 mm and a number of fiber supporting points of more than 1500/cm 2 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is transferred from the lower forming fabric 10 to a press felt 20 of the press section 4 by a pick-up roll 24 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is led on its top side 27 to a first press nip 14 of a three-nip press 13 and is deflected through the first press nip 14 in the sandwich between the press felt 20 and a press felt 19 .
  • the three-nip press 13 has a central roll 21 which forms a second press nip 15 with a roll 25 and a third press nip 16 with a roll 26 .
  • the top side 27 of the fibrous web 2 is in contact with the press felt 20
  • the bottom side 28 of the fibrous web 2 is in contact with the smooth circumferential surface of the central roll 21 .
  • the third press nip 16 constitutes the penultimate press nip of the press section 4 .
  • the fibrous web 2 then passes through the single press nip 17 of a free-standing press 18 .
  • the press nip 17 forms the last press nip of the press section 4 .
  • the top side 27 of the fibrous web 2 is in contact with the smooth circumferential surface of a press roll 29 , and the bottom side 28 of the fibrous web 2 is in contact with a press felt 23 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is calendered successively on both sides 27 , 28 with a low dryness in the two last press nips 16 , 17 of the press section 4 , since each side 27 , 28 of the fibrous web 2 is led through one of the press nips 16 , 17 with a smooth side in contact.
  • macro-calendering of the surface of both sides of the fibrous web 2 takes place, which leads to a considerably improved ability to be calendered in the following calender.
  • the penultimate press nip 16 and/or the last press nip 17 could optionally be constructed as a shoe press nip. Furthermore, as a result of the longer residence time of the fibrous web 2 in the shoe press nip, the calendering effect would be intensified as compared with conventional press nips.
  • a damping agent can be applied to the fibrous web 2 selectively at least once in the cross-machine direction with a moisture content of less than 50% after the press section 4 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is transferred into the drying section 5 which, in the present embodiment, has a plurality of drying cylinders 30 arranged in one row and is not illustrated completely in its length.
  • the fibrous web 2 in the drying section 5 is fed to an online multi-nip calendering device 6 .
  • the fibrous web As it leaves the drying section 5 , the fibrous web has a moisture content which is below the equilibrium moisture content under standard climatic conditions.
  • the fibrous web 2 has a moisture content of about 2.5%.
  • the fibrous web 2 Before entering the calendering device 6 , the fibrous web 2 is moistened selectively in the cross-machine direction, so that the fibrous web 2 has a uniform moisture content of about 8% over the web width.
  • the moistening is carried out on the bottom side 28 of the fibrous web 2 by means of a nozzle moistener 35 , which is constructed as a two-component nozzle moistener, from which an air-damping agent mixture emerges.
  • the online multi-nip calendering device 6 has six resilient rolls 31 and four heated rolls 32 , which form eight calendering nips 33 and a calendering nip 34 .
  • the calendering device 6 By means of the calendering device 6 , identical treatment of both sides of the fibrous web 2 takes place. This is achieved in that, firstly, the bottom side 28 of the fibrous web 2 is brought into contact with one of the heated rolls 32 in each case in a first sequence 37 of four calender nips 33 and in that, subsequently, after passing through the calender nip 34 , which is also designated a reversing nip, the top side 27 of the fibrous web 2 is brought into contact with one of the heated rolls 32 in each case in a second sequence 38 of four calender nips 33 .
  • the top side 27 of the fibrous web 2 is moistened by means of a nozzle moistener 36 , which is constructed as a two-component nozzle moistener. After this moistening, the fibrous web 2 has a moisture of about 8%.
  • steam moisteners 39 to 41 are provided, in order to apply the requisite amount of moisture to the fibrous web 2 .
  • an impingement drying device 42 is provided. This comprises a first evacuated drying cylinder 43 and a second evacuated drying cylinder 44 arranged opposite the first. Furthermore, the impingement drying device 42 has a fabric 55 which wraps around a section of the first drying cylinder 43 , and a fabric 56 which wraps around a section of the second drying cylinder 44 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is not led between the fabrics 55 and 56 wrapping around the drying cylinders 43 and 44 , respectively, so that the fibrous web 2 is not pressed by said fabrics against the drying cylinders 43 and 44 , which can result in web guidance problems.
  • the guidance of the fibrous web 2 through the impingement drying device 42 is improved by the evacuation of the two drying cylinders 43 and 44 .
  • the two fabrics 55 and 56 are in each case formed as a mesh.
  • the first drying cylinder 43 is provided with a hot air hood 45 located at the top; the second drying cylinder 44 is provided with two hot air hoods 46 located at the bottom, from which in each case hot air is aimed directly at the fibrous web 2 and substantially, as opposed to the TAD principle, does not pass through the fibrous web 2 but is reflected back by the fibrous web 2 . In this way, the drying performance is increased considerably. Accordingly, in the impingement drying device 42 , the hot air is aimed directly at the fibrous web 2 by the hot air hoods 45 and 46 without fabrics being located in between.
  • a transfer belt 47 Around the central roll 21 there wraps a transfer belt 47 , which is led through the second and third press nip 15 , 16 with the paper web 2 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is taken off the transfer belt 47 by means of a suction roll 48 and transferred to the first drying cylinder 43 .
  • a felt belt 49 Around the suction roll 48 there wraps a felt belt 49 , which is additionally led over three web guide rolls 50 .
  • the fibrous web 2 is transferred directly to the second drying cylinder 44 . From the latter, the fibrous web 2 passes over a roll 51 and a suction roll 52 into the drying section 5 . In this case, the dryer felt 53 of the drying section 5 wraps around the suction roll 52 . Only the first two drying cylinders 30 of the drying section 5 are illustrated.
  • the two drying cylinders 43 and 44 are each evacuated via stabilizers 54 , which are arranged outside the two drying cylinders 43 , 44 , in each case on the side facing away from the impingement hoods 45 , 46 .
  • the stabilizers 54 are in each case located within the loops formed by the fabrics 55 , 56 which wrap around a section of the first drying cylinder 43 and, respectively, the second drying cylinder 44 of the impingement drying device 42 .
  • web guide rolls 57 , 58 are in each case provided for the loops.

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  • Paper (AREA)
US11/914,718 2005-07-01 2006-06-20 Method For the Production of a Paper Web, Especially Rotogravure Paper Abandoned US20080236776A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005031202A DE102005031202A1 (de) 2005-07-01 2005-07-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Papierbahn, insbesondere Tiefdruckpapier
DE102005031202.0 2005-07-01
PCT/EP2006/063332 WO2007003504A1 (fr) 2005-07-01 2006-06-20 Procede de fabrication d'une bande continue de papier, en particulier de papier heliographique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080236776A1 true US20080236776A1 (en) 2008-10-02

Family

ID=36954417

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/914,718 Abandoned US20080236776A1 (en) 2005-07-01 2006-06-20 Method For the Production of a Paper Web, Especially Rotogravure Paper

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20080236776A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1910613A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008545068A (fr)
CN (1) CN101213340A (fr)
DE (1) DE102005031202A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007003504A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9481777B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2016-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of dewatering in a continuous high internal phase emulsion foam forming process

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007002514A1 (de) * 2007-01-17 2008-07-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von hochwertigen Papieren
DE102018119686A1 (de) * 2018-08-14 2020-02-20 Voith Patent Gmbh Papiermaschine
DE102020111746A1 (de) 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Voith Patent Gmbh Maschine zur herstellung oder behandlung einer faserstoffbahn

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5368697A (en) * 1990-08-17 1994-11-29 J. M. Vorth Gmbh Press section of a paper machine with stone roll and elastic press element
US5810974A (en) * 1995-10-20 1998-09-22 Valmet Corporation Press section including an extended-nip press with an internally heated center roll
US5876565A (en) * 1994-10-06 1999-03-02 Valmet Corporation Press section with an equalizing nip for compensating for elongation of a paper web
US6197156B1 (en) * 1991-12-23 2001-03-06 Valmet Paper Machinery, Inc. Press section of a paper machine, in particular for printing paper qualities
US6863776B2 (en) * 2001-12-01 2005-03-08 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Press section
US20070023155A1 (en) * 2003-05-13 2007-02-01 Hidemasa Iijima Smoothing press of paper machine, press for paper machine with smoothing press, and paper manufacturing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0289477A3 (fr) * 1987-04-28 1989-03-08 Valmet Paper Machinery Inc. Procédé pour le pressage à chaud d'une bande de papier et dispositif de séchage pour l'application du procédé
DE4141607C2 (de) * 1991-12-17 1996-04-25 Voith Gmbh J M Doppelsiebformer
FI112391B (fi) * 1993-12-08 2003-11-28 Metso Paper Inc Paperikoneen puristinosa, jossa käytetään pitkänippipuristinta
US5868904A (en) * 1993-12-08 1999-02-09 Valmet Corporation Press section employing an extended nip press with suction counter roll
FI109481B (fi) * 2001-05-16 2002-08-15 Metso Paper Inc Menetelmä paperin tai kartongin valmistamiseksi
DE10355686A1 (de) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-23 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Papiermaschine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5368697A (en) * 1990-08-17 1994-11-29 J. M. Vorth Gmbh Press section of a paper machine with stone roll and elastic press element
US6197156B1 (en) * 1991-12-23 2001-03-06 Valmet Paper Machinery, Inc. Press section of a paper machine, in particular for printing paper qualities
US5876565A (en) * 1994-10-06 1999-03-02 Valmet Corporation Press section with an equalizing nip for compensating for elongation of a paper web
US5810974A (en) * 1995-10-20 1998-09-22 Valmet Corporation Press section including an extended-nip press with an internally heated center roll
US6863776B2 (en) * 2001-12-01 2005-03-08 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Press section
US20070023155A1 (en) * 2003-05-13 2007-02-01 Hidemasa Iijima Smoothing press of paper machine, press for paper machine with smoothing press, and paper manufacturing method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9481777B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2016-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of dewatering in a continuous high internal phase emulsion foam forming process
US9809693B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2017-11-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of dewatering in a continuous high internal phase emulsion foam forming process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005031202A1 (de) 2007-01-25
CN101213340A (zh) 2008-07-02
JP2008545068A (ja) 2008-12-11
WO2007003504A1 (fr) 2007-01-11
EP1910613A1 (fr) 2008-04-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: VOITH PATENT GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BEGEMANN, ULRICH;REEL/FRAME:020148/0319

Effective date: 20071114

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION