US20080149174A1 - Polymer solar cell and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Polymer solar cell and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080149174A1 US20080149174A1 US11/802,436 US80243607A US2008149174A1 US 20080149174 A1 US20080149174 A1 US 20080149174A1 US 80243607 A US80243607 A US 80243607A US 2008149174 A1 US2008149174 A1 US 2008149174A1
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- solar cell
- layer
- polymer solar
- polymer
- semiconductor layer
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical group OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000301 poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RSRXYYMFVWHYBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-bis(methylcarbamoyl)perylene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(=O)NC)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)NC RSRXYYMFVWHYBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XHJPOZDMDBETDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexabenzo[a,d,g,j,m,p]coronene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C3=C45)C6=CC=CC=C6C4=C(C=CC=C4)C4=C(C=4C6=CC=CC=4)C5=C4C6=C(C=CC=C5)C5=C(C=5C6=CC=CC=5)C4=C3C6=C21 XHJPOZDMDBETDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical group [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium sulfide Chemical compound [Cd]=S CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KUJYDIFFRDAYDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-thiophen-2-yl-5-[5-[5-(5-thiophen-2-ylthiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl]thiophen-2-yl]thiophene Chemical group C1=CSC(C=2SC(=CC=2)C=2SC(=CC=2)C=2SC(=CC=2)C=2SC(=CC=2)C=2SC=CC=2)=C1 KUJYDIFFRDAYDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005964 Acibenzolar-S-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydroanthracene Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CCCC3)C3=CC2=C1 XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LQHZJYFIRFRDKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Au] LQHZJYFIRFRDKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002964 pentacenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003518 tetracenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
- H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/20—Carbon compounds, e.g. carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
- H10K85/211—Fullerenes, e.g. C60
- H10K85/215—Fullerenes, e.g. C60 comprising substituents, e.g. PCBM
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof, especially to a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the polymer solar cell includes a conductive polymer layer having conductive polymer such as 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as well as additive such as mannitol that reduces resistance of the conductive polymer layer and improves working efficiency of the solar cell.
- PEDOT:PSS 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrenesulfonate
- PEDOT:PSS poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate)
- PEDOT:PSS poly(styrenesulfonate)
- PEDOT:PSS indium-tin-oxide(ITO) glass.
- W. H. Kim et al. add glycerol in PEDOT:PSS so as to get conductive polymer with low resistance and high transparency.
- Such conductive polymer can replace organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) made from ITO [W. H. Kim et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3844 (2002)].
- OLED organic light-emitting diodes
- M. K. Fung et al. add glycerol into PEDOT:PSS for general polymer light-emitting diodes so as to make PEDOT:PSS allow higher current to pass.
- the efficiency of the polymer light-emitting diodes is increased from 1.3 cd/A to 1.7 cd /A [M. K. Fung et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 1497 (2002)].
- the polymer solar cell includes a conductive polymer such as PEDOT:PSS as well as additive such as mannitol that reduces resistance of the conductive polymer layer.
- the polymer solar cell includes a conductive polymer such as PEDOT:PSS as well as additive such as mannitol so as to increase current and conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- the present invention provides a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the polymer solar cell includes a substrate, a first electrode located on top of the substrate, a conductive polymer layer having a conductive polymer and an additive on the first electrode, a semiconductor layer over the conductive polymer layer and a second electrode over the semiconductor layer.
- the manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell consists of following steps: growing a first electrode on a substrate; mixing an additive and a conductive polymer to form a mixture; depositing the mixture on the first electrode to form a conductive polymer layer; depositing a semiconductor layer on the conductive polymer layer and evaporating a second electrode on the semiconductor layer. Therefore, a polymer solar cell is obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a polymer solar cell according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a polymer solar cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 shows chemical structure of PEDOT:PSS of an embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows chemical structure of mannitol of an embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 shows chemical structure of P3HT of an embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows chemical structure of PCBM of an embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic drawing showing a polymer solar cell of an embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a current density versus voltage figure showing curve of an embodiment having a conductive polymer layer formed by PEDOT:PSS as well as 9 wt % mannitol and curve of an embodiment having a conductive polymer layer formed by pure PEDOT:PSS according to the present invention under 100 mW/cm 2 AM1.5G light.
- a polymer solar cell includes a substrate 1 , a first electrode 2 located on top of the substrate 1 , a conductive polymer layer 3 having a conductive polymer and an additive, a semiconductor layer 4 over the conductive polymer layer 3 and a second electrode 5 over the semiconductor layer 4 .
- the additive is selected from mannitol, sorbitol, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, surfactants, or combinations of them.
- the substrate 1 is selected from one of a glass substrate, a polymer plastic substrate and an electronic circuit board.
- the electronic circuit board is a silicon substrate while the polymer plastic substrate is made from polyethylene teraphthalate (PET) and polycarbonate.
- the first electrode 2 is selected from transparent conductor group or semitransparent conductor group.
- the transparent conductor group includes indium tin oxide (ITO) and indium-zinc-oxide (IZO) while the semitransparent conductor is a metal film made of silver, aluminum, titanium, nickel, copper, gold or chromium.
- the conductive polymer on the conductive polymer layer 3 is selected from one of the followings:
- PDOT 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrenesulfonate
- the additive is a surfactant such as poly[oxyethylene tridecyl ether].
- the semiconductor layer 4 is a combination of a p-type semiconductor layer 41 and a n-type semiconductor layer 42 , as shown in FIG. 2 .
- the semiconductor layer 4 can also be composed of a buffer layer 43 , a p-type semiconductor layer 41 and a n-type semiconductor layer 42 , or a mixing layer of the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor 44 , as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the semiconductor layer 4 is composed of a mixing layer of the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor 44 , a p-type semiconductor layer 41 and a n-type semiconductor layer 42 , as shown in FIG. 5 .
- the p-type semiconductor layer 41 is made of polythiophene, polyfluorene, polyphenylenevinylene, polythiophene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, polyphenylenevinylene derivatives, conjugated oligomers or small molecules.
- the polythiophene derivative is poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT).
- the polyfluorene derivative is poly(dioctylfluorene).
- the polyphenylenevinylene derivative is poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene].
- the conjugated oligomer is sexithiophene.
- the small molecule is selected from one of the followings: pentacene, tetracene, hexabenzcoronene, phthalocyanine, porphyrines, pentacene derivatives, tetracene derivatives, hexabenzcoronene derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, and porphyrines derivatives.
- Materials for making the n-type semiconductor layer 42 is selected from one of the followings: C 60 , C 60 derivatives, C 70 , C 70 derivatives, carbon nanotubes, derivatives of carbon nanotubes, 3,4,9,10-perylene (tetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole, PTCBI), N, N′-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (Me-PTCDI), derivatives of 3,4,9,10-perylene (tetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole, PTCBI), derivatives of N,N′-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (Me-PTCDI), polymers and semiconductor nanoparticles.
- the C 60 derivative is phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and the polymer is poly(2,5,2′,5′-tetrahexyloxy-7,8′-dicyano-di-p-phenylenevinylene (CN-PPV) or poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole (F8BT).
- the carbon nanotubes are made of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes or single wall carbon nanotube while the diameter of cross section of the carbon nanotube is less than 100 nm.
- the semiconductor nanoparticle is made of titanium oxide, cadmium selenide or cadmium sulphide.
- the second electrode 5 can be a single-layer structure or a double-layer structure.
- the single layer structure is made of magnesium gold alloy while the double-layer structure is made of lithium fluoride (LiF/Al) or calcium/aluminum (Ca/Al).
- the first electrode 2 pattern can be the same or different from that of the conductive polymer layer 3 .
- the pattern of the first electrode 2 is a netty structure or others.
- the additive is mannitol and the conductive polymer is PEDOT:PSS.
- the weight ratio of the mannitol/(PEDOT:PSS ranges from 1:99 to 9:91, 9:91 is preferably.
- the semiconductor layer is a mixing layer of P3HT and PCBM.
- the weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is between 1 ⁇ 1.25 while 1 is preferably.
- the second electrode includes a calcium layer and an aluminum layer and the calcium layer is deposited on the semiconductor layer while the aluminum layer is a protective layer of the calcium layer.
- a manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell is composed of following steps:
- S 5 evaporate a second electrode on the semiconductor layer to get a polymer solar cell.
- the method further including a first heating step and a step of cooling down to the room temperature.
- the preferable temperature is 140 ⁇ and the preferable time is one hour.
- the method further includes a step of volatilizing the solvent and this step takes 5 minutes to 30 hours while 10 hours are preferable.
- the method further includes a second heating step, the preferable temperature of this step is larger than 100° C. and the preferable time is 15 minutes.
- the additive is mannitol and the conductive polymer is PEDOT:PSS.
- the weight ratio of the mannitol to PEDOT:PSS ranges from 1:99 to 9:91 while the preferable weight ratio is 9:91.
- the way of deposit consists of spin-coating, dip coating, drop casting, doctor blading, inkjet printing, screen printing, or others.
- the semiconductor layer is a mixture of P3HT and PCBM while the weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is from 1 to 1.25 and the preferable ratio is 1.
- the second electrode includes a calcium layer and an aluminum layer and the calcium layer is deposited on the semiconductor layer while the aluminum layer is a protective layer of the calcium layer.
- mannitol chemical structure is shown in FIG. 8
- PEDOT:PSS chemical structure is shown in FIG. 7
- weight ratio of the PEDOT:PSS to mannitol is 9:91, working as material for a conductive polymer layer.
- the semiconductor layer is made of mixture of P3HT (chemical structure is shown in FIG. 9 ) and PCBM (chemical structure is shown in FIG. 10 ) while weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is 1:1.
- An indium tin oxide film 120 is grown on a substrate 110 .
- a conductive polymer layer 130 is coated on the indium tin oxide film 120 .
- the conductive polymer layer 130 is made of PEDOT:PSS added with mannitol. Then heat the whole film at the temperature of 140° C. for one hour and cool down to room temperature.
- a semiconductor layer 140 is deposited on the conductive polymer layer 130 . Material for the semiconductor layer 140 is mixture of P3HT and PCBM. After being deposited by spin coating, the substrate is put inside a close incubator for 10 hours so as to evaporate solvent slowly. Next heat the substrate again at the temperature of 110° C. for 15 minutes.
- FIG. 12 a current vs voltage figure of an embodiment under 100 mW/cm 2 AM1.5G light is disclosed.
- the open circuit voltage is 0.60V
- short-circuit current is 16.0 mA/cm 2
- a fill factor is 0.64.
- the energy conversion obtained is 4.6%.
- the open circuit voltage is 0.60V
- the short-circuit current is 16.0 mA/cm 2
- the fill factor is 0.64 while energy conversion is increased into 5.4%.
- a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention provide a solar cell having a conductive polymer layer composed of conductive polymer such as PEDOT:PSS and additive such as mannitol that reduces total resistance of the solar cell and increases electric current and conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- a conductive polymer layer composed of conductive polymer such as PEDOT:PSS and additive such as mannitol that reduces total resistance of the solar cell and increases electric current and conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
Abstract
A polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The cell includes a substrate, a first electrode located on top of the substrate, a conductive polymer layer having a conductive polymer and an additive located on the first electrode, a semiconductor layer over the conductive polymer layer and a second electrode over the semiconductor layer. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell is composed of following steps: growing a first electrode on a substrate; mixing an additive and a conductive polymer to form a mixture; depositing the mixture on the first electrode to form a conductive polymer layer; depositing a semiconductor layer on the conductive polymer layer and evaporating a second electrode on the semiconductor layer. By adding additive into the conductive polymer, resistance of the conductive polymer layer is reduced and efficiency of the cell is improved.
Description
- The present invention relates to a solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof, especially to a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof. The polymer solar cell includes a conductive polymer layer having conductive polymer such as 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as well as additive such as mannitol that reduces resistance of the conductive polymer layer and improves working efficiency of the solar cell.
- In earlier days, (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is the most broadly used conductive polymer due to good thermal stability and high conductivity. Moreover, it's transparent in visible light area so that it's applied to some organic optoelectronics component. In about 2000, several ways that increase conductivity of PEDOT:PSS available on market are found. For example, change of the chemical structure, addition of various organic solvent or surfactants, and doapnt-addition of “OH” group can all increase conductivity of PEDOT:PSS [J. Huang et. al Adv. Funct. Mat. 15, 290 (2005)]. A lot of research is trying to use such high-conductive PEDOT:PSS to replace indium-tin-oxide(ITO) glass. For example, in 2002, W. H. Kim et al. add glycerol in PEDOT:PSS so as to get conductive polymer with low resistance and high transparency. Such conductive polymer can replace organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) made from ITO [W. H. Kim et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3844 (2002)]. In the same year, M. K. Fung et al. add glycerol into PEDOT:PSS for general polymer light-emitting diodes so as to make PEDOT:PSS allow higher current to pass. The efficiency of the polymer light-emitting diodes is increased from 1.3 cd/A to 1.7 cd /A [M. K. Fung et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 1497 (2002)].
- In laboratories that study organic solar cells with efficiency of nearly 5%, professor A. J. Heeger of UC Santa Barbara is a representative. A team lead by professor A. J. Heeger achieves 5.1% energy conversion efficiency by post-annealing [W. Ma et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 1617 (2005)]. Such outstanding research focuses on organic semiconductor layer without consideration of an important factor-resistance of conductive polymer layer essential for the solar cell. The resistance affects efficiency of the whole solar cell. Therefore, by reducing resistance of PEDOT:PSS, the present invention improve energy conversion efficiency of the solar energy cell.
- It is therefore a primary object of the present invention to provide a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof. The polymer solar cell includes a conductive polymer such as PEDOT:PSS as well as additive such as mannitol that reduces resistance of the conductive polymer layer.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof. The polymer solar cell includes a conductive polymer such as PEDOT:PSS as well as additive such as mannitol so as to increase current and conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- In order to achieve above objects, the present invention provides a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof. The polymer solar cell includes a substrate, a first electrode located on top of the substrate, a conductive polymer layer having a conductive polymer and an additive on the first electrode, a semiconductor layer over the conductive polymer layer and a second electrode over the semiconductor layer. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell consists of following steps: growing a first electrode on a substrate; mixing an additive and a conductive polymer to form a mixture; depositing the mixture on the first electrode to form a conductive polymer layer; depositing a semiconductor layer on the conductive polymer layer and evaporating a second electrode on the semiconductor layer. Therefore, a polymer solar cell is obtained.
- The structure and the technical means adopted by the present invention to achieve the above and other objects can be best understood by referring to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a polymer solar cell according to the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing showing a semiconductor layer of the polymer solar cell according to the present invention; -
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a polymer solar cell according to the present invention; -
FIG. 7 shows chemical structure of PEDOT:PSS of an embodiment according to the present invention; -
FIG. 8 shows chemical structure of mannitol of an embodiment according to the present invention; -
FIG. 9 shows chemical structure of P3HT of an embodiment according to the present invention; -
FIG. 10 shows chemical structure of PCBM of an embodiment according to the present invention; -
FIG. 11 is a schematic drawing showing a polymer solar cell of an embodiment according to the present invention; -
FIG. 12 is a current density versus voltage figure showing curve of an embodiment having a conductive polymer layer formed by PEDOT:PSS as well as 9 wt % mannitol and curve of an embodiment having a conductive polymer layer formed by pure PEDOT:PSS according to the present invention under 100 mW/cm2 AM1.5G light. - Refer to
FIG. 1 , a polymer solar cell according to the present invention includes asubstrate 1, afirst electrode 2 located on top of thesubstrate 1, aconductive polymer layer 3 having a conductive polymer and an additive, asemiconductor layer 4 over theconductive polymer layer 3 and asecond electrode 5 over thesemiconductor layer 4. The additive is selected from mannitol, sorbitol, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, surfactants, or combinations of them. - The
substrate 1 is selected from one of a glass substrate, a polymer plastic substrate and an electronic circuit board. The electronic circuit board is a silicon substrate while the polymer plastic substrate is made from polyethylene teraphthalate (PET) and polycarbonate. - The
first electrode 2 is selected from transparent conductor group or semitransparent conductor group. The transparent conductor group includes indium tin oxide (ITO) and indium-zinc-oxide (IZO) while the semitransparent conductor is a metal film made of silver, aluminum, titanium, nickel, copper, gold or chromium. - The conductive polymer on the
conductive polymer layer 3 is selected from one of the followings: - 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), polyaniline, polypyrrole and polyacetylene. The additive is a surfactant such as poly[oxyethylene tridecyl ether].
- The
semiconductor layer 4 is a combination of a p-type semiconductor layer 41 and a n-type semiconductor layer 42, as shown inFIG. 2 . Thesemiconductor layer 4 can also be composed of abuffer layer 43, a p-type semiconductor layer 41 and a n-type semiconductor layer 42, or a mixing layer of the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor 44, as shown inFIG. 4 . Or thesemiconductor layer 4 is composed of a mixing layer of the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor 44, a p-type semiconductor layer 41 and a n-type semiconductor layer 42, as shown inFIG. 5 . The p-type semiconductor layer 41 is made of polythiophene, polyfluorene, polyphenylenevinylene, polythiophene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, polyphenylenevinylene derivatives, conjugated oligomers or small molecules. The polythiophene derivative is poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT). The polyfluorene derivative is poly(dioctylfluorene). The polyphenylenevinylene derivative is poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene]. The conjugated oligomer is sexithiophene. The small molecule is selected from one of the followings: pentacene, tetracene, hexabenzcoronene, phthalocyanine, porphyrines, pentacene derivatives, tetracene derivatives, hexabenzcoronene derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, and porphyrines derivatives. - Materials for making the n-
type semiconductor layer 42 is selected from one of the followings: C60, C60 derivatives, C70, C70 derivatives, carbon nanotubes, derivatives of carbon nanotubes, 3,4,9,10-perylene (tetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole, PTCBI), N, N′-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (Me-PTCDI), derivatives of 3,4,9,10-perylene (tetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole, PTCBI), derivatives of N,N′-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (Me-PTCDI), polymers and semiconductor nanoparticles. The C60 derivative is phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and the polymer is poly(2,5,2′,5′-tetrahexyloxy-7,8′-dicyano-di-p-phenylenevinylene (CN-PPV) or poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole (F8BT). The carbon nanotubes are made of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes or single wall carbon nanotube while the diameter of cross section of the carbon nanotube is less than 100 nm. The semiconductor nanoparticle is made of titanium oxide, cadmium selenide or cadmium sulphide. - The
second electrode 5 can be a single-layer structure or a double-layer structure. The single layer structure is made of magnesium gold alloy while the double-layer structure is made of lithium fluoride (LiF/Al) or calcium/aluminum (Ca/Al). Thefirst electrode 2 pattern can be the same or different from that of theconductive polymer layer 3. The pattern of thefirst electrode 2 is a netty structure or others. - The additive is mannitol and the conductive polymer is PEDOT:PSS. The weight ratio of the mannitol/(PEDOT:PSS ranges from 1:99 to 9:91, 9:91 is preferably. The semiconductor layer is a mixing layer of P3HT and PCBM. The weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is between 1˜1.25 while 1 is preferably. The second electrode includes a calcium layer and an aluminum layer and the calcium layer is deposited on the semiconductor layer while the aluminum layer is a protective layer of the calcium layer.
- Refer to
FIG. 6 , a manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell is composed of following steps: - After the step S2 a mixture is formed, the method further including a first heating step and a step of cooling down to the room temperature. In the first heating step, the preferable temperature is 140□ and the preferable time is one hour.
- After the step S4, deposit a semiconductor layer on the conductive polymer layer, the method further includes a step of volatilizing the solvent and this step takes 5 minutes to 30 hours while 10 hours are preferable. After the step of volatilizing the solvent, the method further includes a second heating step, the preferable temperature of this step is larger than 100° C. and the preferable time is 15 minutes.
- In the step of S2 mixing an additive with a conductive polymer to form a mixture, the additive is mannitol and the conductive polymer is PEDOT:PSS. The weight ratio of the mannitol to PEDOT:PSS ranges from 1:99 to 9:91 while the preferable weight ratio is 9:91.
- In the step of S3 depositing the mixture on the first electrode to form a conductive polymer layer, the way of deposit consists of spin-coating, dip coating, drop casting, doctor blading, inkjet printing, screen printing, or others.
- In the step of S4, depositing a semiconductor layer on the conductive polymer layer, the semiconductor layer is a mixture of P3HT and PCBM while the weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is from 1 to 1.25 and the preferable ratio is 1.
- In the step of S5 evaporating a second electrode on the semiconductor layer to get a polymer solar cell, the second electrode includes a calcium layer and an aluminum layer and the calcium layer is deposited on the semiconductor layer while the aluminum layer is a protective layer of the calcium layer.
- In the beginning, add mannitol (chemical structure is shown in
FIG. 8 ) into PEDOT:PSS (chemical structure is shown inFIG. 7 ) while weight ratio of the PEDOT:PSS to mannitol is 9:91, working as material for a conductive polymer layer. The semiconductor layer is made of mixture of P3HT (chemical structure is shown inFIG. 9 ) and PCBM (chemical structure is shown inFIG. 10 ) while weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is 1:1. - An indium
tin oxide film 120 is grown on asubstrate 110. Then aconductive polymer layer 130 is coated on the indiumtin oxide film 120. In this embodiment, theconductive polymer layer 130 is made of PEDOT:PSS added with mannitol. Then heat the whole film at the temperature of 140° C. for one hour and cool down to room temperature. Asemiconductor layer 140 is deposited on theconductive polymer layer 130. Material for thesemiconductor layer 140 is mixture of P3HT and PCBM. After being deposited by spin coating, the substrate is put inside a close incubator for 10 hours so as to evaporate solvent slowly. Next heat the substrate again at the temperature of 110° C. for 15 minutes. Then remove the substrate to an evaporation system for coat acalcium layer 150 by evaporation. For protection of thecalcium layer 150, next analuminum layer 160 is further coated thereon by evaporation. Thus a polymer solar cell of the present invention is obtained, as shown inFIG. 11 . - Refer to
FIG. 12 , a current vs voltage figure of an embodiment under 100 mW/cm2 AM1.5G light is disclosed. When pure PEDOT:PSS is used, the open circuit voltage is 0.60V, short-circuit current is 16.0 mA/cm2, and a fill factor is 0.64. After standard spectral-correction, the energy conversion obtained is 4.6%. After the PEDOT:PSS being added with mannitol, the open circuit voltage is 0.60V, the short-circuit current is 16.0 mA/cm2, and the fill factor is 0.64 while energy conversion is increased into 5.4%. - From above results, it is obvious that conversion efficiency of the component is increased nearly 20%. For solar cells, this is a great progress. Thus such way is feasible to improve efficiency of the element. Moreover, the conversion efficiency of this method is higher than that of other methods in other articles. This show importance of the present invention.
- In summary, a polymer solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention provide a solar cell having a conductive polymer layer composed of conductive polymer such as PEDOT:PSS and additive such as mannitol that reduces total resistance of the solar cell and increases electric current and conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details, and representative devices shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (47)
1. A polymer solar cell comprising:
a substrate;
a first electrode located on the substrate;
a conductive polymer layer on the first electrode and having a conductive polymer and an additive while the additive is selected from mannitol, sorbitol, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, surfactants, or mixture of them;
a semiconductor layer over the conductive polymer layer; and
a second electrode over the semiconductor layer.
2. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a glass substrate, a polymer plastic substrate or an electronic circuit board.
3. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the polymer plastic substrate is made from polyethylene teraphthalate (PET) and polycarbonate.
4. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the electronic circuit board is a silicon substrate.
5. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is made from transparent conductor or semitransparent conductor.
6. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the transparent conductor is indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium-zinc-oxide (IZO).
7. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the semitransparent conductor is a metal film made of silver, aluminum, titanium, nickel, copper, gold or chromium.
8. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the conductive polymer is 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), polyaniline, polypyrrole or polyacetylene.
9. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is poly[oxyethylene tridecyl ether].
10. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor layer is a combination of a p-type semiconductor layer and a n-type semiconductor layer, a buffer layer together with a p-type semiconductor layer and a n-type semiconductor layer, a mixing layer of the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer, or a mixing layer of the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer together with a combination of a p-type semiconductor layer and a n-type semiconductor layer.
11. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the p-type semiconductor layer is made of polythiophene, polyfluorene, polyphenylenevinylene, polythiophene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, polyphenylenevinylene derivatives, conjugated oligomers or small molecules.
12. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the polythiophene derivative is poly(3-hexylthiophene), the polyfluorene derivative is poly(dioctylfluorene) and the polyphenylenevinylene derivative is poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene].
13. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the conjugated oligomer is sexithiophene.
14. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the small molecule is selected from one of the followings: pentacene, tetracene, hexabenzcoronene, phthalocyanine, porphyrines, pentacene derivatives, tetracene derivatives, hexabenzcoronene derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, and porphyrines derivatives.
15. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the n-type semiconductor layer is made from C60, C60 derivatives, C70, C70 derivatives, carbon nanotubes, derivatives of carbon nanotubes, 3,4,9,10-perylene (tetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole, PTCBI), N, N′-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (Me-PTCDI), derivatives of 3,4,9,10-perylene (tetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole, PTCBI), derivatives of N, N′-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (Me-PTCDI), polymers and semiconductor nanoparticles.
16. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are multi-walled carbon nanotubes or single wall carbon nanotubes.
17. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 16 , wherein diameter of cross section of the carbon nanotube is less than 100 nm. The semiconductor nanoparticle is made of titanium oxide, cadmium selenide or cadmium sulphide.
18. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the C60 derivative is phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM).
19. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the polymer is poly (2,5,2′,5′-tetrahexyloxy-7,8′-dicyano-di-p-phenylenevinylene (CN-PPV) or poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole (F8BT).
20. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle is made of titanium oxide, cadmium selenide or cadmium sulphide.
21. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode is a single-layer structure or a double-layer structure.
22. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the single layer structure is made of magnesium gold alloy.
23. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the double-layer structure is made of lithium fluoride (LiF/Al) or calcium/aluminum (Ca/Al).
24. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein pattern of the first electrode is the same or different from pattern of the conductive polymer layer.
25. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the additive is mannitol and the conductive polymer is PEDOT:PSS. The second electrode includes a calcium layer and an aluminum layer and the calcium layer is deposited on the semiconductor layer while the aluminum layer is a protective layer of the calcium layer.
26. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 25 , wherein weight ratio of mannitol to PEDOT:PSS ranges from 1:99 to 9:91.
27. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the preferable weight ratio of mannitol/(PEDOT:PSS) is 9:91.
28. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor layer is a mixing layer of (poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) and phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM).
29. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 28 , wherein weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is between 1˜1.25.
30. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the preferable weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is 1.
31. The polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode having a calcium layer and an aluminum layer while the calcium layer is deposited on the semiconductor layer and the aluminum layer is a protective layer of the calcium layer.
32. A manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell comprising the steps of:
growing a first electrode on a substrate;
mixing an additive with a conductive polymer to form a mixture;
depositing the mixture on the first electrode to form a conductive polymer layer;
depositing a semiconductor layer on the conductive polymer layer; and
evaporating a second electrode on the semiconductor layer to get a polymer solar cell.
33. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 32 , wherein after the step of mixing an additive with a conductive polymer to form a mixture, the method further comprising a first heating step and a step of cooling down to the room temperature.
34. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 33 , wherein in the first heating step, heating temperature ranges from 100° C. to 200° C. and heating time is from 5 minutes to 3 hours.
35. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 34 , wherein in the first heating step, the preferable heating temperature is 140° C. and the preferable heating time is one hour.
36. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 32 , wherein after the step of depositing a semiconductor layer on the conductive polymer layer, the method further comprising a step of volatilizing solvent.
37. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 36 , wherein the step of volatilizing solvent takes 5 minutes to 30 hours.
38. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 37 , wherein the preferable time of volatilizing solvent is 10 hours.
39. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 36 , wherein after the step of volatilizing the solvent, the method further comprising a second heating step.
40. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 39 , wherein temperature of the second heating step ranges from 70° C. to 200° C. and time of the second heating step is 0 minute to 10 hours.
41. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 40 , wherein the preferable temperature of the second heating step is over 100° C. and the preferable time of the second heating step is 15 minutes.
42. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 32 , wherein the additive is selected from mannitol, sorbitol, N-methylpyrrolidone, isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, surfactants, or mixture of them while the conductive polymer is PEDOT:PSS.
43. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 42 , wherein preferable weight ratio of mannitol to PEDOT:PSS is 9:91.
44. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 32 , wherein the semiconductor layer is a mixing layer of (poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) and phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM).
45. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 44 , wherein preferable weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM is 1:1.
46. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 32 , wherein in the step of evaporating a second electrode on the semiconductor layer to get a polymer solar cell, the second electrode comprising a calcium layer and an aluminum layer while the calcium layer is deposited on the semiconductor layer and the aluminum layer is a protective layer of the calcium layer.
47. The manufacturing method of the polymer solar cell as claimed in claim 32 , wherein in the step of depositing the mixture on the first electrode to form a conductive polymer layer, the way of depositing is spin-coating, dip coating, drop casting, doctor blading, inkjet printing, or screen printing.
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- 2007-05-18 DE DE102007023208A patent/DE102007023208A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-05-23 US US11/802,436 patent/US20080149174A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20100294344A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2010-11-25 | Sipix Chemical Inc. | Decoration film and decoration device |
US9608221B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2017-03-28 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Solar cell having organic nanowires |
US20110088783A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Solar cell having organic nanowires |
CN102371718A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-03-14 | 锣洋科技股份有限公司 | Decoration Film And Decoration Device |
US20120138456A1 (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-07 | The California Institute Of Technology | Solar fuels generator |
WO2012119205A1 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-13 | Monash University | Platinum-free nano composite counter electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells |
US10026560B2 (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2018-07-17 | The California Institute Of Technology | Solar fuels generator |
US10242806B2 (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2019-03-26 | The California Institute Of Technology | Solar fuels generator |
US9476129B2 (en) | 2012-04-02 | 2016-10-25 | California Institute Of Technology | Solar fuels generator |
US10344387B2 (en) | 2012-04-02 | 2019-07-09 | California Institute Of Technology | Solar fuels generator |
CN102867918A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-01-09 | 东华大学 | Method for synthesizing CdSe/P3HT (poly 3-hexylthiophene) superstructure hybrid nanocrystal through a low-temperature liquid phase method |
CN103296222A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-09-11 | 华北电力大学 | High-performance polymer solar cell cathode modifying material |
US20160225481A1 (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-08-04 | Industry Foundation Of Chonnam National University | Integrated conductive polymer binder composition, method for preparing the binder composition, energy storage device comprising the binder composition, sensor comprising sensing portion formed from the binder composition, and anticorrosive coating composition comprising the binder composition as active component |
US11257606B2 (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2022-02-22 | Industry Foundation Of Chonnam National University | Integrated conductive polymer binder composition, method for preparing the binder composition, and applications comprising the binder composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TW200828604A (en) | 2008-07-01 |
JP5138266B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
JP2008166675A (en) | 2008-07-17 |
DE102007023208A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
TWI328290B (en) | 2010-08-01 |
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