US20080110484A1 - Kit of parts for an erectable shelter and a shelter made therefrom - Google Patents
Kit of parts for an erectable shelter and a shelter made therefrom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080110484A1 US20080110484A1 US11/937,647 US93764707A US2008110484A1 US 20080110484 A1 US20080110484 A1 US 20080110484A1 US 93764707 A US93764707 A US 93764707A US 2008110484 A1 US2008110484 A1 US 2008110484A1
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- Prior art keywords
- wall
- roof
- kit
- parts
- shelter
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
- E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
- E04B1/34317—Set of building elements forming a self-contained package for transport before assembly
Definitions
- the present invention relates to at least semi-rigid shelters that are erectable for temporary use.
- Such shelter may be provided by non-rigid means, such as tents. While tents are relatively easy to erect, they are sometimes less desirable than shelter that is at least semi-rigid for a variety of reasons. It is therefore desirable for a shelter to be provided that is at least semi-rigid and which is also easily constructed.
- the present invention is directed to a shelter that is semi-rigid and that is erectable by hand without the use of tools.
- the present invention is directed to a shelter that is semi-rigid and that is erectable by hand without the use of tools and that is easily disassemblable for reuse.
- the present invention is directed to a shelter that is configured to resist damage from certain types of natural disaster, such as an earthquake.
- the present invention is directed to a kit of parts for making a shelter in accordance with either of the aspects described above.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shelter, shown in an erected configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a kit of parts that can be used to erect the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 , in an opened position showing some of the components contained therein;
- FIG. 4 a is a perspective view of the storage crate for the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 with one element removed for clarity;
- FIG. 4 b is a perspective view of a partially erected shelter from the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 5 is another perspective view of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 6 is a side view of two of the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 , one stacked on the other;
- FIG. 7 a is a sectional view of a wall frame member that is part of the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 7 b is a side view of the wall frame member shown in FIG. 7 a;
- FIG. 8 a is a sectional view of another wall frame member that is part of the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 8 b is a side view of the wall frame member shown in FIG. 8 a;
- FIG. 9 a is an end view of the wall frame member shown in FIG. 7 a , with a wall panel from the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 , inserted therein;
- FIG. 9 b is a magnified sectional view of the wall panel shown in FIG. 9 a;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the mounting of a wall frame member and a wall panel from the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 , to a floor from the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 11 is a sectional side view showing the wall panel shown in FIG. 10 , mounted to the floor shown in FIG. 10 using a hand-operable fastener;
- FIG. 12 a is another perspective view of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 with a roof structure cover removed for clarity;
- FIG. 12 b is a side view of a portion of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 , illustrating the assembly of selected frame members and panels;
- FIG. 13 is an end view of a roof frame member and a roof panel from the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 14 is an end view of another roof frame member and a roof panel from the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 15 is a side view of a portion of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 , illustrating the connection between selected frame members;
- FIG. 16 is a magnified sectional side view of a roof panel from the kit of parts shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 17 is an edge view of an alternative roof panel that may be used as part of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 18 is an edge view of another alternative roof panel that may be used as part of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 19 is an elevation view of the connection between roof frame in-line members with each other and with wall frame in-line members;
- FIG. 20 a is an elevation view of the connection between roof frame corner members with each other and with wall frame corner members, as seen from the interior of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 20 b is an elevation view of the connection between roof frame corner members with each other and with wall frame corner members, as seen from the exterior of the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 21 is a magnified perspective view of the end of one of the frame members shown in FIG. 20 a;
- FIG. 22 is a magnified elevation view of the end of one of the frame members shown in FIG. 20 a;
- FIG. 23 is an elevation view of an alternative construction for the door and related components for the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 24 is an elevation view of an alternative construction for a window for the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 25 is a perspective view of an alternative roof system for use with the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 26 is a sectional view of a panel in the roof system shown in FIG. 25 ;
- FIG. 27 a is a side view of support beams used in the roof system shown in FIG. 25 ;
- FIG. 27 b is a side view of a joint between two roof panels and a support beam shown in FIG. 25 ;
- FIG. 28 is a side view of an alternative wall portion for use in the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 29 is a side view of a support frame for use with the shelter shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 30 is a plan view of the support frame shown in FIG. 29 ;
- FIG. 31 is a plan view showing the joint between support beams that make up the support frame shown in FIGS. 29 and 30 .
- FIG. 1 shows an erectable shelter 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the erectable shelter 10 may be used to shelter people, who for whatever reason do have shelter immediately available.
- the erectable shelter 10 may be used to shelter people who have had to evacuate their homes, or who have lost their homes as a result of a natural disaster, such as a hurricane or a flood.
- the shelter 10 may be used to shelter people who have been displaced as a result of war or from some other man-made cause.
- the components of the erectable shelter 10 may be configured to be removably connectable to one another, so that the shelter 10 may be easily disassembled after it is no longer needed.
- the shelter 10 can be stored in a space-efficient state and can be re-erected when it is needed again.
- assembly and disassembly of the shelter 10 can be effected by a person without the use of tools.
- FIG. 1 In the erected configuration shown in FIG. 1 , there is shown a floor 12 , a wall portion 14 , which may be at least semi-rigid, and a roof portion 16 , which may be at least semi-rigid.
- the erectable shelter 10 may be stored or transported in a space efficient configuration, which may be referred to as a storage configuration.
- the erectable shelter 10 may be referred to as a kit of parts 10 .
- the floor 12 makes up a first portion, shown at 18 , of a storage crate 20 , which houses the components of the wall portion 14 and roof portion 16 (see FIG. 1 ).
- the storage crate 20 further includes two end panels 22 (see FIG. 3 ).
- the components that make up the wall portion 14 include a plurality of wall frame members 24 and a plurality of wall panels 26 , one of which may include a door assembly 28 .
- the components that make up the roof portion 16 include a plurality of roof frame members 30 , a plurality of roof panels 32 , which together make up a roof structure 33 .
- the roof portion 16 further includes a roof structure cover 34 (see FIG. 1 ).
- the storage crate 20 is opened (see FIG. 3 ).
- the first portion 18 is made from four panels 36 , 38 , 40 and 42 , which are hingedly joined together, by hinge connectors 44 , and which open into a laid-out position ( FIG. 4 b ) to form the floor 12 of the shelter 10 .
- structural ribs 46 extend along the exterior faces of the floor panels 36 , 38 (not shown in FIG. 2 ), 40 and 42 to provide added strength and to increase bending resistance to the panels 36 , 38 , 40 and 42 . It will be noted that the structural ribs 46 on the floor panel 36 (which forms the top panel of the storage crate 20 ) are offset from the structural ribs 46 on the floor panel 40 , (which forms the bottom panel of the storage crate 20 ).
- ribs 46 on the bottom panel 40 of one crate 20 do not rest directly upon the ribs 46 of the top panel 36 of the crate 20 immediately underneath, when crates 20 are stacked on top of another during storage or shipping (see FIG. 6 ).
- This reduces the effective height of each crate 20 so that for certain stack heights, the stack may be able to accommodate an extra crate 20 , relative to a stack (not shown) wherein the ribs 46 are not offset.
- the offset of the ribs 46 is such that the ribs 46 of the bottom panel 40 of one crate 20 nest within the ribs 46 on the top panel 36 of the crate 20 immediately below, which serves to help stabilize the crates 20 during storage and shipping, reducing the likelihood that the upper crate 20 will slip off the crate 20 beneath it.
- the hinge connectors 44 that join the floor panels 36 , 38 , 40 and 42 together may be mounted to be flush with the interior surfaces of the floor panels 36 , 38 , 40 and 42 .
- the interior surfaces of the floor panels 36 , 38 , 40 and 42 make up the floor surface 48 upon which the user of the shelter 10 will walk, and so making the hinge connectors 44 flush with the floor surface 48 reduces the presence of unwanted bumps and irregularities in the floor surface 48 .
- FIGS. 7 a , 7 b , 8 a and 8 b show two views of each of two wall frame members 24 respectively.
- FIGS. 7 a and 7 b show a wall frame corner member 52
- FIGS. 7 a and 7 b show a wall frame in-line member 54 .
- the wall frame members 24 hold the wall panels 26 ( FIG. 4 b ) in place and serve as panel-to-panel connectors.
- the wall frame members 24 include channel structures 56 ( FIGS. 7 a and 8 a ) which define channels 58 .
- the channel structures 56 include channel side walls 60 and a channel base 62 .
- the channel side walls 60 each include an optional gripping structure 64 thereon.
- the gripping structure 64 may be for example, a plurality of ribs 66 which extend out from the side wall surface into the interior of the channel 58 .
- the ribs 66 may have any suitable profile, such as, for example, a saw tooth pattern.
- the saw tooth pattern may be directional in the sense that the apexes of the saw teeth may be skewed in a selected direction, such as towards the channel base 62 .
- the ribs 66 grip and hold the edge portion of the wall panel 26 when it is inserted into the channel 58 .
- a lead-in portion 67 may be provided on the channel side walls 60 to facilitate entry of the edge portion of the wall panel 26 into the channel 58 .
- Each of the wall frame corner members 52 and wall frame in-line members 54 includes a roof supporting portion 68 , which is configured to support a portion of the roof portion 16 .
- the wall frame members 24 may be made in any suitable way.
- the wall frame members 24 may be made as extruded lengths of polymeric material, having a selected extruded profile.
- the polymeric material may be, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- Some or all of the frame members 24 may alternatively be made from other materials, such as, for example, Aluminum.
- the roof-supporting portion 68 of each of the extruded profiles may be reinforced with one or more internal strengthening cross-members 69 .
- the wall frame members 24 are received in gaps 70 that are present at selected positions between the mounting and alignment guides 50 , and thus the mounting and alignment guides 50 cooperate with the wall frame members 24 to set the wall frame members 24 in selected positions about the periphery of the floor 12 .
- the wall panels 26 are received in the channels 58 in the wall frame members 24 . Additionally, referring to FIG. 10 , the wall panels 26 abut the mounting and alignment guides 50 , and are mounted to the mounting and alignment guides 50 by means of a plurality of hand-operable fasteners 72 (see FIGS. 10 and 11 ).
- the hand-operable fasteners 72 may be any suitable type of fastener.
- the hand-operable fasteners 72 may include a hex-head bolt 74 , one or more washers 75 and a butterfly nut 76 .
- the head of the bolt 74 may be held in place by any suitable means, such as by friction with the washer 75 while the butterfly nut 76 is hand tightened to connect the wall panel 26 to the mounting and alignment guide 50 .
- any suitable means such as by friction with the washer 75 while the butterfly nut 76 is hand tightened to connect the wall panel 26 to the mounting and alignment guide 50 .
- at least one washer 75 may be made from a resilient material, such as rubber.
- the door assembly 28 includes a door 80 and a door frame 82 .
- the door 80 is hingedly attached to the door frame 82 .
- the hinged attachment may be by any suitable means, such as, for example, a door hinge or some other kind of hinge, such as a living hinge.
- the door 80 and frame 82 may be connected together as a pre-assembled component in one of the wall panels 26 in the kit of parts 10 .
- the wall panel 26 with the door assembly 78 can be mounted in place for reception in the channels 58 in two wall frame members 24 , in similar fashion to any of the other wall panels 26 .
- the floor 12 may optionally omit a mounting and alignment guide 50 , because it can represent a tripping hazard.
- a functional door it is alternatively possible for a functional door to be provided in any other suitable way.
- the door need not be provided as part of a door assembly, if it can be installed by a person erecting the shelter 10 without tools.
- the door assembly 28 is preferably included in one of the wall panels 26 , it could optionally be omitted.
- one of the wall panels 26 could be provided with a simple opening for users to pass through into and out of the shelter 10 .
- some other type of weather or privacy barrier could be provided instead of a door.
- a simple curtain could be hung to block the entrance to the shelter 10 .
- FIG. 23 An alternative means for providing a door is shown in FIG. 23 .
- the door is shown at 200 .
- the door 200 is pre-mounted by hinges 202 to a wall frame corner member that may be referred to as a door-mounted wall frame corner member 204 .
- the wall frame corner member 204 has the same profile as any of the other corner members 52 and can therefore fit in any corner position of the shelter 10 .
- the door may be provided with a door latch assembly with a bolt 206 that engages a bolt-receiving aperture 208 and an optional strike plate.
- the bolt-receiving aperture 208 may be provided in one of the in-line members 54 , which can be referred to as a bolt-receiving wall frame in-line member 210 , which can then be positioned in the appropriate position for receiving the bolt 206 from the door 200 .
- an above-door wall panel 212 can be provided which can be friction fit into position between the corner member 204 and the in-line member 210 .
- One or more of the wall panels 26 may be provided with an optional window 83 .
- the window may be fixed in position, or may be openable, to provide air flow into and out of the shelter 10 , as shown at 214 in FIG. 24 .
- the wall panels 26 may have any suitable construction.
- they may be made from a three-layer corrugated panel-board which may be treated in a number of ways.
- the board may be treated to be weather resistant, insect resistant, fire resistant or any combination thereof.
- wall panels 26 may be made from materials other than panel-board.
- Each wall panel 26 has an edge portion 84 which may be covered by a protective sleeve 86 .
- the sleeve 86 may be generally channel shaped and may be affixed to the edge portion 84 in any suitable way, such as with a suitable adhesive.
- the sleeve 86 may include a gripping structure 88 thereon, which assists in the gripping of the wall panel 26 by the wall frame members 24 (see FIG. 9 a ).
- the gripping structures 88 and 64 may cooperate with each other to further assist in the gripping of the wall panel 26 in the wall frame member 26 .
- the gripping structure 88 may be made up of a plurality of ribs 90 which extend in a direction parallel to the segment of the edge portion 84 on which the sleeve 86 is mounted.
- the ribs 90 may have any suitable profile, such as, for example, a saw tooth pattern.
- the saw tooth pattern may be directional in the sense that the apexes of the saw teeth may be skewed in a selected direction, such as towards the centre, shown at C in FIG. 1 , of the wall panel 26 .
- the ribs 90 may thus have an opposite configuration to the ribs 66 on the channel side walls 60 , so that the saw teeth engage each other to help hold the wall panel 26 in place in the channel 58 .
- the sleeves 86 include optional lead-in portions 91 on each side wall which facilitates inserting the edge portion 84 of the wall panel 26 into the channel defined by the shape of the sleeve 86 .
- the bolt pass-through holes 78 in FIG. 11 which extend through the wall panels 26 , extend through the sleeve 86 at the bottom segment of the edge portion of the wall panels 26 . In this way, the sleeve 86 provides material strength to resist tearing of the bolt 74 through the wall panel material surrounding the pass-through hole 78 .
- a wall frame cross-member 102 may extend across the tops of the wall panels 26 and the vertically standing wall frame members 24 along the first and second ends of the shelter 10 , shown at 104 ( FIG. 1) and 106 ( FIG. 5 ).
- a wall panel 108 is provided above the wall frame cross-member 102 .
- the wall panel 108 fills in the space present between the top of the wall panels 26 and the sloped roof frame members 30 , in embodiments wherein the roof is sloped.
- the wall panels 26 at the ends 104 and 106 may be made relatively taller, so as to fill in the space at the ends under the sloped roof frame members 30 . Making them taller, however, could impact the necessary length of the storage crate 20 ( FIG. 3 ).
- the wall panel 108 may have any suitable shape, which depends on the shape of the sloped roof.
- the wall frame cross-members 102 may be similar to the wall frame in-line members 54 ( FIG. 8 a ). It will be noted, however that a wall frame in-line member 54 abuts the wall frame cross-member 102 in the middle of the cross-member 102 .
- the wall frame cross-member 102 may be provided with a notch 112 on the inner channel side wall, shown at 113 in FIG. 12 b . Aside from providing clearance around the wall frame in-line member 32 , the notch 112 facilitates positioning the cross-member 102 on top of the wall panels 26 at the shelter ends 104 and 106 ( FIGS. 12 and 5 respectively).
- a similar notch 115 (see FIG. 15 ) will be provided on the interior channel side wall 113 and optionally on the exterior channel side wall at each of the ends of the cross-member 102 where it rests on the wall frame corner members 52 .
- the roof frame members 30 include roof frame corner members 114 and roof frame in-line members 116 , which may be similar to the wall frame corner members 52 ( FIG. 7 a ) and the wall frame in-line members 54 ( FIG. 8 a ) respectively in terms of shape, (eg. extrusion profile).
- the roof frame in-line members 116 abut each other and connect to each other at their respective first ends 150 . Their abutment may be in such a way as to form a peak or apex, shown at A 1 .
- the connection to each other may be by any suitable means, such as by a bracket 151 on each side. In FIG. 19 only one bracket 151 is shown at each end 150 ; the second bracket 151 is positioned on the side of the members 116 not shown in the figure.
- each in-line members 116 is supported by one of the wall frame in-line members 54 .
- a bracket 92 on each side of the roof frame in-line member 116 at its second end 152 connects the member 116 to the wall frame in-line member 54 .
- FIG. 19 only one bracket 92 is shown at each end 152 ; the second bracket 92 is positioned on the side of the member 116 and 54 not shown in the figure.
- the second end 152 may include a support face 154 which extends generally horizontally so that it can be supported by the top end, shown at 156 , of the associated in-line member 54 .
- the end 152 may further include a shoulder 158 which extends generally vertically to abut the inner face, shown at 160 , of the in-line member 54 .
- the engagement of the shoulder and the in-line member 54 prevents the slippage of the roof portion in-line member 116 outwardly.
- the pair of roof frame in-line members 116 when a pair of roof frame in-line members 116 is positioned on the wall frame in-line members 54 , the pair of roof frame in-line members have a tendency to be self supporting prior to the installation of the brackets 92 .
- each pair of roof frame in-line members 116 are connected together by brackets 151 prior to positioning on the top ends 156 of the wall frame in-line members 54 .
- the brackets 151 and 92 may be mounted using hand-operable fasteners 94 , which may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 72 ( FIG. 11 ) and which may therefore include bolts, resilient washers and butterfly nuts.
- FIG. 15 an optional layout is shown for the connection of the roof frame corner members 114 , the wall frame cross member 102 and the wall frame corner member 52 .
- the roof members 114 are supported at least indirectly by the wall frame corner member 52 and are joined to the wall frame corner member 52 by a bracket 92 on each side and hand-operable fasteners 94 , which may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 72 and which may therefore include bolts and butterfly nuts.
- one of the brackets 92 is hidden from view as it is on the side of the members 114 and 52 not shown in the figure.
- FIG. 20 a a view is provided from the interior of the shelter, showing an alternative layout for the connection of the roof frame corner member 114 , the wall frame cross member 102 and the wall frame corner member 52 .
- the end of the wall frame cross-member 102 shown at 162 , is shown more clearly in FIGS. 21 and 22 .
- the end 162 is provided with clearance 164 for mating with an end 166 ( FIG. 20 a ) of the roof frame corner member 114 .
- An exterior view of the mating of roof frame corner member 114 , the wall frame cross member 102 and the wall frame corner member 52 is shown in FIG. 20 b.
- the roof frame members 30 include channel structures 96 which define channels 98 with gripping structure 99 for receiving the roof panels 32 .
- the channel structures 96 , channels 98 and gripping structures 99 may be similar to the channel structures 56 , channels 58 and gripping structures 64 ( FIGS. 7 a and 8 a ).
- the roof frame members 30 abut each other in such a way as to form an apex A 2 .
- Brackets 120 and hand-operable fasteners 122 may be provided to connect pairs of abutting roof frame members 30 at the apex A 2 , to strengthen the roof structure 33 .
- the hand-operable fasteners 122 may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 72 and may therefore include bolts and butterfly nuts.
- the roof panels 32 may be similar to the wall panels 26 (see FIG. 9 b ), and may thus be made from corrugated panel-board with sleeves 125 along their edge portions, shown at 127 .
- the roof panels 32 may include some optional features not shown in the wall panels 26 .
- the roof panels 32 may each include an overhang portion 124 which hangs down to cover the joint between the roof panel 32 and the subjacent wall panel 26 . Covering the joint in this way assists in preventing rain, wind and the like from entering the shelter 10 .
- the roof panels 32 may be provided with a hinge 126 , which may be provided by means of a pinch line 126 so that the overhang portion 124 is hingedly attached to the rest of the roof panel 32 and hangs down against the exterior face of the wall panels 26 (see FIG. 12 a ).
- FIG. 17 shows an alternative roof panel 140 that can be used as part of the shelter 10 ( FIG. 1 ).
- the roof panel 140 may be made from corrugated panel-board, similar to the roof panel 32 ( FIG. 16 ).
- the roof panel 140 may be made to cover both sides of the roof portion (ie. both sloped portions on either side of the roof peak).
- the roof panel 140 may be provided with a hinge 142 which is positioned at the apex of the roof portion when the roof panel 140 is in place in the roof structure 33 ( FIG. 12 a ).
- the hinge 142 may be provided any suitable way.
- the hinge 142 may be formed by a pinch line in the corrugated structure of the roof panel 140 .
- the ends of the roof panel 140 may include overhang portions, which may be similar to the overhang portions 124 on the roof panels 32 .
- two separate roof panels 144 could be provided, which are joined by a hinge 146 , which may be, for example, a piano hinge.
- the roof panels 144 may be made from any suitable material, such as, for example, plywood.
- the roof structure cover 34 covers all of the joints between the roof panels 32 (not shown in FIG. 1 ) and between the roof panels 32 and the roof frame members 30 (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
- the roof structure cover 34 may be shaped to roughly match the shape of the roof, and may thus be provided with a sloped shape to promote drainage of rainwater and the like off the roof and to assist in inhibiting the pooling of rainwater and the like thereon.
- the roof structure cover 34 may extend downward by a selected amount onto the wall portion 14 to completely envelop the overhang portions 124 of the roof panels 32 (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
- the roof structure cover 34 may further include an elastic member 130 proximate its bottom edge which assists the bottom edge of the roof structure cover 34 to snugly fit about the exterior of the shelter 10 . In this way, the cover 34 can better protect the interior of the shelter 10 from the weather. Additionally, the snug fit makes the cover 34 more resistant to being inadvertently blown off of the roof during use.
- the roof structure cover 34 may be water-resistant, resistant to weather generally, fire resistant, insect resistant, or any combination of the above.
- the cover 34 may be made from any suitable material such as, for example, a polymeric material.
- FIG. 25 shows an alternative system 500 for the roof portion 16 , which eliminates the need for the roof structure cover 34 ( FIG. 1 ).
- the system 500 incorporates roof panels 502 , support beams 504 , and a roof apex cover 506 .
- the roof panels 502 may be similar to the roof panels 32 ( FIG. 5 ).
- the roof panels 502 may be as shown in FIG. 26 , and may a sandwich of metallic (eg. steel) exterior sheet 508 , with an insulative material 510 (eg. a panel of Styrofoam) inside.
- metallic eg. steel
- an insulative material 510 eg. a panel of Styrofoam
- Each support beam 504 extends from the top of a wall frame in-line member 54 to the roof apex, shown at A 1 , where it adjoins another support beam 504 that extends downwards from the roof apex A 1 to the top of a wall frame in-line member 54 .
- suitable brackets 512 FIG. 27 a
- fasteners 513 eg. hand-operable fasteners such as winged externally threaded fasteners in combination with wing-nuts
- each support beam 504 may have a trough portion 514 and two flange portions 516 .
- Fasteners 518 eg. hand-operable fasteners such as winged externally threaded fasteners in combination with wing-nuts
- the support beam 504 is preferably made from a metal such as a suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel, however it can be made from any suitable material, such as a polymeric material.
- the roof apex cover 506 covers the joint between adjacent roof panels 502 and support beams 504 .
- the roof apex cover 506 may comprise one or more strips of polymeric material which can be held in place along the roof apex A 1 in any suitable way, such as by a suitable adhesive or an adhesive tape.
- wall panels 26 may be replaced by wall panels 522 that have a sandwich construction of metallic exterior sheet (eg. suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel), and suitable internal material, such as a panel of Styrofoam.
- metallic exterior sheet eg. suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel
- suitable internal material such as a panel of Styrofoam.
- the wall frame members 24 may be replaced by metallic (eg. suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel) wall frame members 524 , which may have similar configurations to the wall frame members 24 , examples of which are shown in FIGS. 7 a , 8 a and 9 a .
- metallic eg. suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel
- FIGS. 7 a , 8 a and 9 a examples of which are shown in FIGS. 7 a , 8 a and 9 a .
- certain elements of the cross-sectional shape that are shown in the members 24 shown in FIGS. 7 a , 8 a and 9 a may not be necessary.
- the shelter 10 may include a support frame 600 that lifts the floor 12 off the ground, thereby permitting some water to accumulate around the shelter 10 (as can happen in the wake of a natural disaster) without flooding the shelter 10 .
- the support frame 600 includes a support platform portion 602 and a plurality of legs 604 .
- the legs 604 may be adjustable in height, thereby facilitating the supporting of the shelter 10 on uneven terrain.
- the support platform portion 602 may be made up of a plurality of suitable support beams 606 , such as box beams.
- the support beams 606 are arranged to form a platform on which the floor 12 of the shelter 10 sits.
- the beams 606 may be connected together by any suitable means.
- the beams 606 may be connected together using threaded hand-operable fasteners 605 which may be similar to hand-operable fasteners 513 and 518 ( FIGS. 27 a and 27 b ), which pass through beams 606 and beam stubs 607 that are permanently mounted (eg. by welding) on some of the beams 606 at selected positions.
- An advantage of the shelter 10 relative to some other forms of shelter is that it can be more resistant to damage from certain types of natural disaster.
- a shelter that is fixedly mounted in some way to the ground would be directly affected by an earthquake since the movement of the ground would be transmitted into the shelter and could damage the shelter or cause the collapse of the shelter, particularly if one portion of the ground to which the shelter is connected moves differently than an adjacent portion of the ground to which the shelter is also connected.
- the shelter 10 in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is supported on a floor 12 , or on a floor 12 and a frame 600 , and is in both cases not necessarily anchored to the ground.
- the shelter 10 in some embodiments is sufficiently sturdy to be self-supporting or self-standing (unlike, for example, a tent) so that it is resistant to being damaged by certain common after-effects of a natural disaster (eg. aftershocks after an earthquake) while also being advantageously portable and easily erectable by persons in an environment in the wake of a natural disaster.
- a natural disaster eg. aftershocks after an earthquake
- each leg 604 may include a leg body 608 that mounts to the frame platform portion 602 , by means for example, of a hand-operable fastener 609 that may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 513 and 518 ( FIGS. 27 a and 27 b ), and a foot portion 610 that height-adjustably threads into the leg body portion 608 .
- a hand-operable fastener 609 that may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 513 and 518 ( FIGS. 27 a and 27 b )
- a foot portion 610 that height-adjustably threads into the leg body portion 608 .
- each leg 604 is individually height adjustable, facilitating the support of the shelter 10 on uneven terrain.
- the shelter 10 may be disassembled and returned to its storage configuration as a kit of parts 10 . Disassembling the shelter 10 is facilitated by the fact that the shelter 10 does not require tools for assembly. Freedom from requiring tools is advantageous because any tools used in the assembly of a shelter (eg. a prior art shelter) may be lost by the user during use of the shelter, which makes subsequent disassembly more difficult. Loss of tools can occur quite easily particularly when the user is in a stressful situation such as having just survived a natural disaster. Therefore, a shelter, such as the shelter 10 that does not require tools for disassembly is advantageous.
- Disassembly of the shelter 10 includes removing the roof structure cover 34 , and the hand-operable fasteners 72 , 94 and 122 .
- a roof panel 32 and roof frame members 30 may be separated by sliding the roof frame members 30 in an axial direction along the corresponding edge of the roof panel 32 .
- a wall panel 26 and a wall frame members 24 may be separated by sliding the wall frame members 24 in an axial direction along the corresponding edge of the wall panel 26 .
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Abstract
A kit of parts for an erectable shelter is provided. The kit of parts includes a floor, an at least semi-rigid wall portion with an entrance, and an at least semi-rigid roof portion. The wall structure is connectable to the floor without tools. The roof portion is connectable to the wall structure without tools.
Description
- The present invention relates to at least semi-rigid shelters that are erectable for temporary use.
- In the wake of a natural disaster, it is typical that many victims will require emergency shelter. Such shelter may be provided by non-rigid means, such as tents. While tents are relatively easy to erect, they are sometimes less desirable than shelter that is at least semi-rigid for a variety of reasons. It is therefore desirable for a shelter to be provided that is at least semi-rigid and which is also easily constructed.
- In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a shelter that is semi-rigid and that is erectable by hand without the use of tools.
- In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a shelter that is semi-rigid and that is erectable by hand without the use of tools and that is easily disassemblable for reuse.
- In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a shelter that is configured to resist damage from certain types of natural disaster, such as an earthquake.
- In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a kit of parts for making a shelter in accordance with either of the aspects described above.
- The present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shelter, shown in an erected configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a kit of parts that can be used to erect the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 , in an opened position showing some of the components contained therein; -
FIG. 4 a is a perspective view of the storage crate for the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 with one element removed for clarity; -
FIG. 4 b is a perspective view of a partially erected shelter from the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 5 is another perspective view of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6 is a side view of two of the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 , one stacked on the other; -
FIG. 7 a is a sectional view of a wall frame member that is part of the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 7 b is a side view of the wall frame member shown inFIG. 7 a; -
FIG. 8 a is a sectional view of another wall frame member that is part of the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 8 b is a side view of the wall frame member shown inFIG. 8 a; -
FIG. 9 a is an end view of the wall frame member shown inFIG. 7 a, with a wall panel from the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 , inserted therein; -
FIG. 9 b is a magnified sectional view of the wall panel shown inFIG. 9 a; -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the mounting of a wall frame member and a wall panel from the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 , to a floor from the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 11 is a sectional side view showing the wall panel shown inFIG. 10 , mounted to the floor shown inFIG. 10 using a hand-operable fastener; -
FIG. 12 a is another perspective view of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 with a roof structure cover removed for clarity; -
FIG. 12 b is a side view of a portion of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 , illustrating the assembly of selected frame members and panels; -
FIG. 13 is an end view of a roof frame member and a roof panel from the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 14 is an end view of another roof frame member and a roof panel from the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 15 is a side view of a portion of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 , illustrating the connection between selected frame members; -
FIG. 16 is a magnified sectional side view of a roof panel from the kit of parts shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 17 is an edge view of an alternative roof panel that may be used as part of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 18 is an edge view of another alternative roof panel that may be used as part of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 19 is an elevation view of the connection between roof frame in-line members with each other and with wall frame in-line members; -
FIG. 20 a is an elevation view of the connection between roof frame corner members with each other and with wall frame corner members, as seen from the interior of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 20 b is an elevation view of the connection between roof frame corner members with each other and with wall frame corner members, as seen from the exterior of the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 21 is a magnified perspective view of the end of one of the frame members shown inFIG. 20 a; -
FIG. 22 is a magnified elevation view of the end of one of the frame members shown inFIG. 20 a; -
FIG. 23 is an elevation view of an alternative construction for the door and related components for the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 24 is an elevation view of an alternative construction for a window for the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 25 is a perspective view of an alternative roof system for use with the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 26 is a sectional view of a panel in the roof system shown inFIG. 25 ; -
FIG. 27 a is a side view of support beams used in the roof system shown inFIG. 25 ; -
FIG. 27 b is a side view of a joint between two roof panels and a support beam shown inFIG. 25 ; -
FIG. 28 is a side view of an alternative wall portion for use in the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 29 is a side view of a support frame for use with the shelter shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 30 is a plan view of the support frame shown inFIG. 29 ; and -
FIG. 31 is a plan view showing the joint between support beams that make up the support frame shown inFIGS. 29 and 30 . - Reference is made to
FIG. 1 , which shows anerectable shelter 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Theerectable shelter 10 may be used to shelter people, who for whatever reason do have shelter immediately available. For example, theerectable shelter 10 may be used to shelter people who have had to evacuate their homes, or who have lost their homes as a result of a natural disaster, such as a hurricane or a flood. As another example, theshelter 10 may be used to shelter people who have been displaced as a result of war or from some other man-made cause. - The components of the
erectable shelter 10 may be configured to be removably connectable to one another, so that theshelter 10 may be easily disassembled after it is no longer needed. Preferably, after disassembly, theshelter 10 can be stored in a space-efficient state and can be re-erected when it is needed again. - Preferably, assembly and disassembly of the
shelter 10 can be effected by a person without the use of tools. - In the erected configuration shown in
FIG. 1 , there is shown afloor 12, awall portion 14, which may be at least semi-rigid, and aroof portion 16, which may be at least semi-rigid. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , theerectable shelter 10 may be stored or transported in a space efficient configuration, which may be referred to as a storage configuration. In the storage configuration, theerectable shelter 10 may be referred to as a kit ofparts 10. In the storage configuration, thefloor 12 makes up a first portion, shown at 18, of astorage crate 20, which houses the components of thewall portion 14 and roof portion 16 (seeFIG. 1 ). Aside from thefirst portion 18, thestorage crate 20 further includes two end panels 22 (seeFIG. 3 ). - Referring to
FIG. 1 , the components that make up thewall portion 14 include a plurality ofwall frame members 24 and a plurality ofwall panels 26, one of which may include adoor assembly 28. Referring toFIG. 5 , the components that make up theroof portion 16 include a plurality ofroof frame members 30, a plurality ofroof panels 32, which together make up aroof structure 33. Theroof portion 16 further includes a roof structure cover 34 (seeFIG. 1 ). - To erect the
shelter 10, thestorage crate 20 is opened (seeFIG. 3 ). As best seen inFIGS. 4 a and 4 b, thefirst portion 18 is made from fourpanels hinge connectors 44, and which open into a laid-out position (FIG. 4 b) to form thefloor 12 of theshelter 10. - Referring to
FIG. 2 ,structural ribs 46 extend along the exterior faces of thefloor panels 36, 38 (not shown inFIG. 2 ), 40 and 42 to provide added strength and to increase bending resistance to thepanels structural ribs 46 on the floor panel 36 (which forms the top panel of the storage crate 20) are offset from thestructural ribs 46 on thefloor panel 40, (which forms the bottom panel of the storage crate 20). By sufficiently offsetting theribs 46 on the top andbottom panels ribs 46 on thebottom panel 40 of onecrate 20 do not rest directly upon theribs 46 of thetop panel 36 of thecrate 20 immediately underneath, whencrates 20 are stacked on top of another during storage or shipping (seeFIG. 6 ). This reduces the effective height of eachcrate 20, so that for certain stack heights, the stack may be able to accommodate anextra crate 20, relative to a stack (not shown) wherein theribs 46 are not offset. Furthermore, in some embodiments, such as that shown inFIGS. 2 and 6 , the offset of theribs 46 is such that theribs 46 of thebottom panel 40 of onecrate 20 nest within theribs 46 on thetop panel 36 of thecrate 20 immediately below, which serves to help stabilize thecrates 20 during storage and shipping, reducing the likelihood that theupper crate 20 will slip off thecrate 20 beneath it. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , thehinge connectors 44 that join thefloor panels floor panels floor panels floor surface 48 upon which the user of theshelter 10 will walk, and so making thehinge connectors 44 flush with thefloor surface 48 reduces the presence of unwanted bumps and irregularities in thefloor surface 48. - On the
floor surface 48 of thefloor 12 are mounting and alignment guides 50 for thewall frame members 24 andwall panels 26. - Reference is made to
FIGS. 7 a, 7 b, 8 a and 8 b, which show two views of each of twowall frame members 24 respectively.FIGS. 7 a and 7 b show a wallframe corner member 52, andFIGS. 7 a and 7 b show a wall frame in-line member 54. Thewall frame members 24 hold the wall panels 26 (FIG. 4 b) in place and serve as panel-to-panel connectors. To hold thewall panels 26, thewall frame members 24 include channel structures 56 (FIGS. 7 a and 8 a) which definechannels 58. Thechannel structures 56 includechannel side walls 60 and achannel base 62. Thechannel side walls 60 each include an optionalgripping structure 64 thereon. The grippingstructure 64 may be for example, a plurality ofribs 66 which extend out from the side wall surface into the interior of thechannel 58. Theribs 66 may have any suitable profile, such as, for example, a saw tooth pattern. The saw tooth pattern may be directional in the sense that the apexes of the saw teeth may be skewed in a selected direction, such as towards thechannel base 62. Theribs 66 grip and hold the edge portion of thewall panel 26 when it is inserted into thechannel 58. - A lead-in
portion 67 may be provided on thechannel side walls 60 to facilitate entry of the edge portion of thewall panel 26 into thechannel 58. - Each of the wall
frame corner members 52 and wall frame in-line members 54 includes aroof supporting portion 68, which is configured to support a portion of theroof portion 16. - The
wall frame members 24 may be made in any suitable way. For example, thewall frame members 24 may be made as extruded lengths of polymeric material, having a selected extruded profile. The polymeric material may be, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Some or all of theframe members 24 may alternatively be made from other materials, such as, for example, Aluminum. - As shown in
FIGS. 7 a and 8 a, the roof-supportingportion 68 of each of the extruded profiles may be reinforced with one or moreinternal strengthening cross-members 69. - Referring to
FIG. 4 b, thewall frame members 24 are received ingaps 70 that are present at selected positions between the mounting and alignment guides 50, and thus the mounting and alignment guides 50 cooperate with thewall frame members 24 to set thewall frame members 24 in selected positions about the periphery of thefloor 12. - Referring to
FIG. 9 , thewall panels 26 are received in thechannels 58 in thewall frame members 24. Additionally, referring toFIG. 10 , thewall panels 26 abut the mounting and alignment guides 50, and are mounted to the mounting and alignment guides 50 by means of a plurality of hand-operable fasteners 72 (seeFIGS. 10 and 11 ). The hand-operable fasteners 72 may be any suitable type of fastener. For example, the hand-operable fasteners 72 may include a hex-head bolt 74, one ormore washers 75 and abutterfly nut 76. The head of thebolt 74 may be held in place by any suitable means, such as by friction with thewasher 75 while thebutterfly nut 76 is hand tightened to connect thewall panel 26 to the mounting andalignment guide 50. To assist in the grip between thebolt 74 and thewashers 75, at least onewasher 75 may be made from a resilient material, such as rubber. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , thewall panel 26 with theoptional door assembly 28 is shown. Thedoor assembly 28 includes a door 80 and a door frame 82. The door 80 is hingedly attached to the door frame 82. The hinged attachment may be by any suitable means, such as, for example, a door hinge or some other kind of hinge, such as a living hinge. The door 80 and frame 82 may be connected together as a pre-assembled component in one of thewall panels 26 in the kit ofparts 10. In this way, thewall panel 26 with thedoor assembly 78 can be mounted in place for reception in thechannels 58 in twowall frame members 24, in similar fashion to any of theother wall panels 26. In the area where the door 80 will be present, thefloor 12 may optionally omit a mounting andalignment guide 50, because it can represent a tripping hazard. - It is alternatively possible for a functional door to be provided in any other suitable way. The door need not be provided as part of a door assembly, if it can be installed by a person erecting the
shelter 10 without tools. As another alternative, while thedoor assembly 28 is preferably included in one of thewall panels 26, it could optionally be omitted. For example, one of thewall panels 26 could be provided with a simple opening for users to pass through into and out of theshelter 10. Alternatively, some other type of weather or privacy barrier could be provided instead of a door. For example, a simple curtain could be hung to block the entrance to theshelter 10. - An alternative means for providing a door is shown in
FIG. 23 . The door is shown at 200. Thedoor 200 is pre-mounted byhinges 202 to a wall frame corner member that may be referred to as a door-mounted wall frame corner member 204. The wall frame corner member 204 has the same profile as any of theother corner members 52 and can therefore fit in any corner position of theshelter 10. - The door may be provided with a door latch assembly with a
bolt 206 that engages a bolt-receivingaperture 208 and an optional strike plate. The bolt-receivingaperture 208 may be provided in one of the in-line members 54, which can be referred to as a bolt-receiving wall frame in-line member 210, which can then be positioned in the appropriate position for receiving thebolt 206 from thedoor 200. - In embodiments wherein the
door 200 does not occupy the entire height of thewall portion 14, an above-door wall panel 212 can be provided which can be friction fit into position between the corner member 204 and the in-line member 210. - One or more of the
wall panels 26 may be provided with anoptional window 83. The window may be fixed in position, or may be openable, to provide air flow into and out of theshelter 10, as shown at 214 inFIG. 24 . - The
wall panels 26 may have any suitable construction. For example, referring toFIG. 9 b, they may be made from a three-layer corrugated panel-board which may be treated in a number of ways. For example, the board may be treated to be weather resistant, insect resistant, fire resistant or any combination thereof. - Some or all of the
wall panels 26 may be made from materials other than panel-board. - Each
wall panel 26 has anedge portion 84 which may be covered by aprotective sleeve 86. Thesleeve 86 may be generally channel shaped and may be affixed to theedge portion 84 in any suitable way, such as with a suitable adhesive. Thesleeve 86 may include a grippingstructure 88 thereon, which assists in the gripping of thewall panel 26 by the wall frame members 24 (seeFIG. 9 a). In embodiments wherein the grippingstructure 88 is present and the grippingstructure 64 is present, the grippingstructures wall panel 26 in thewall frame member 26. - The gripping
structure 88 may be made up of a plurality ofribs 90 which extend in a direction parallel to the segment of theedge portion 84 on which thesleeve 86 is mounted. Theribs 90 may have any suitable profile, such as, for example, a saw tooth pattern. The saw tooth pattern may be directional in the sense that the apexes of the saw teeth may be skewed in a selected direction, such as towards the centre, shown at C inFIG. 1 , of thewall panel 26. Theribs 90 may thus have an opposite configuration to theribs 66 on thechannel side walls 60, so that the saw teeth engage each other to help hold thewall panel 26 in place in thechannel 58. - Referring to
FIG. 9 b, thesleeves 86 include optional lead-inportions 91 on each side wall which facilitates inserting theedge portion 84 of thewall panel 26 into the channel defined by the shape of thesleeve 86. - Referring to
FIG. 9 a, when thewall panel 26 is inserted into thechannel 58, it is not necessary for theedge portions 84 of thewall panel 26 to contact thechannel base 62. - The bolt pass-through
holes 78 inFIG. 11 , which extend through thewall panels 26, extend through thesleeve 86 at the bottom segment of the edge portion of thewall panels 26. In this way, thesleeve 86 provides material strength to resist tearing of thebolt 74 through the wall panel material surrounding the pass-throughhole 78. - A wall frame cross-member 102 (
FIGS. 12 a and 12 b) may extend across the tops of thewall panels 26 and the vertically standingwall frame members 24 along the first and second ends of theshelter 10, shown at 104 (FIG. 1) and 106 (FIG. 5 ). Awall panel 108 is provided above thewall frame cross-member 102. Thewall panel 108 fills in the space present between the top of thewall panels 26 and the slopedroof frame members 30, in embodiments wherein the roof is sloped. It is alternatively possible that thewall panels 26 at theends 104 and 106 (FIGS. 1 and 5 respectively) may be made relatively taller, so as to fill in the space at the ends under the slopedroof frame members 30. Making them taller, however, could impact the necessary length of the storage crate 20 (FIG. 3 ). Thewall panel 108 may have any suitable shape, which depends on the shape of the sloped roof. - The
wall frame cross-members 102 may be similar to the wall frame in-line members 54 (FIG. 8 a). It will be noted, however that a wall frame in-line member 54 abuts thewall frame cross-member 102 in the middle of the cross-member 102. To clear the wall frame in-line member 32, thewall frame cross-member 102 may be provided with a notch 112 on the inner channel side wall, shown at 113 inFIG. 12 b. Aside from providing clearance around the wall frame in-line member 32, the notch 112 facilitates positioning the cross-member 102 on top of thewall panels 26 at the shelter ends 104 and 106 (FIGS. 12 and 5 respectively). A similar notch 115 (seeFIG. 15 ) will be provided on the interiorchannel side wall 113 and optionally on the exterior channel side wall at each of the ends of the cross-member 102 where it rests on the wallframe corner members 52. - Referring to
FIGS. 13 and 14 , theroof frame members 30 include roof frame corner members 114 and roof frame in-line members 116, which may be similar to the wall frame corner members 52 (FIG. 7 a) and the wall frame in-line members 54 (FIG. 8 a) respectively in terms of shape, (eg. extrusion profile). - Reference is made to
FIG. 19 . The roof frame in-line members 116 abut each other and connect to each other at their respective first ends 150. Their abutment may be in such a way as to form a peak or apex, shown at A1. The connection to each other may be by any suitable means, such as by abracket 151 on each side. InFIG. 19 only onebracket 151 is shown at eachend 150; thesecond bracket 151 is positioned on the side of the members 116 not shown in the figure. - At its respective second end, shown at 152, each in-line members 116 is supported by one of the wall frame in-
line members 54. Abracket 92 on each side of the roof frame in-line member 116 at itssecond end 152 connects the member 116 to the wall frame in-line member 54. InFIG. 19 only onebracket 92 is shown at eachend 152; thesecond bracket 92 is positioned on the side of themember 116 and 54 not shown in the figure. - The
second end 152 may include asupport face 154 which extends generally horizontally so that it can be supported by the top end, shown at 156, of the associated in-line member 54. Theend 152 may further include ashoulder 158 which extends generally vertically to abut the inner face, shown at 160, of the in-line member 54. The engagement of the shoulder and the in-line member 54 prevents the slippage of the roof portion in-line member 116 outwardly. As a result of the shape of the second ends 152, when a pair of roof frame in-line members 116 is positioned on the wall frame in-line members 54, the pair of roof frame in-line members have a tendency to be self supporting prior to the installation of thebrackets 92. Preferably, each pair of roof frame in-line members 116 are connected together bybrackets 151 prior to positioning on the top ends 156 of the wall frame in-line members 54. - The
brackets operable fasteners 94, which may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 72 (FIG. 11 ) and which may therefore include bolts, resilient washers and butterfly nuts. - Referring to
FIG. 15 , an optional layout is shown for the connection of the roof frame corner members 114, the wallframe cross member 102 and the wallframe corner member 52. The roof members 114 are supported at least indirectly by the wallframe corner member 52 and are joined to the wallframe corner member 52 by abracket 92 on each side and hand-operable fasteners 94, which may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 72 and which may therefore include bolts and butterfly nuts. InFIG. 15 , one of thebrackets 92 is hidden from view as it is on the side of themembers 114 and 52 not shown in the figure. - Referring to
FIG. 20 a, a view is provided from the interior of the shelter, showing an alternative layout for the connection of the roof frame corner member 114, the wallframe cross member 102 and the wallframe corner member 52. The end of thewall frame cross-member 102, shown at 162, is shown more clearly inFIGS. 21 and 22 . Theend 162 is provided withclearance 164 for mating with an end 166 (FIG. 20 a) of the roof frame corner member 114. An exterior view of the mating of roof frame corner member 114, the wallframe cross member 102 and the wallframe corner member 52 is shown inFIG. 20 b. - Referring to
FIGS. 13 and 14 , theroof frame members 30 includechannel structures 96 which definechannels 98 with grippingstructure 99 for receiving theroof panels 32. Thechannel structures 96,channels 98 andgripping structures 99 may be similar to thechannel structures 56,channels 58 and gripping structures 64 (FIGS. 7 a and 8 a). - Referring to
FIG. 12 a, in embodiments where the roof is peaked, as shown in the Figures, theroof frame members 30 abut each other in such a way as to form an apex A2. Brackets 120 and hand-operable fasteners 122 may be provided to connect pairs of abuttingroof frame members 30 at the apex A2, to strengthen theroof structure 33. - The hand-operable fasteners 122 may be similar to the hand-
operable fasteners 72 and may therefore include bolts and butterfly nuts. - Referring to
FIG. 16 theroof panels 32 may be similar to the wall panels 26 (seeFIG. 9 b), and may thus be made from corrugated panel-board withsleeves 125 along their edge portions, shown at 127. Theroof panels 32 may include some optional features not shown in thewall panels 26. Theroof panels 32 may each include anoverhang portion 124 which hangs down to cover the joint between theroof panel 32 and thesubjacent wall panel 26. Covering the joint in this way assists in preventing rain, wind and the like from entering theshelter 10. Theroof panels 32 may be provided with ahinge 126, which may be provided by means of apinch line 126 so that theoverhang portion 124 is hingedly attached to the rest of theroof panel 32 and hangs down against the exterior face of the wall panels 26 (seeFIG. 12 a). - Reference is made to
FIG. 17 , which shows analternative roof panel 140 that can be used as part of the shelter 10 (FIG. 1 ). Theroof panel 140 may be made from corrugated panel-board, similar to the roof panel 32 (FIG. 16 ). Theroof panel 140 may be made to cover both sides of the roof portion (ie. both sloped portions on either side of the roof peak). To this end, theroof panel 140 may be provided with ahinge 142 which is positioned at the apex of the roof portion when theroof panel 140 is in place in the roof structure 33 (FIG. 12 a). Thehinge 142 may be provided any suitable way. For example, thehinge 142 may be formed by a pinch line in the corrugated structure of theroof panel 140. The ends of theroof panel 140 may include overhang portions, which may be similar to theoverhang portions 124 on theroof panels 32. - Referring to
FIG. 18 , in an alternative embodiment, twoseparate roof panels 144 could be provided, which are joined by ahinge 146, which may be, for example, a piano hinge. Theroof panels 144 may be made from any suitable material, such as, for example, plywood. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , the roof structure cover 34 covers all of the joints between the roof panels 32 (not shown inFIG. 1 ) and between theroof panels 32 and the roof frame members 30 (not shown inFIG. 1 ). Theroof structure cover 34 may be shaped to roughly match the shape of the roof, and may thus be provided with a sloped shape to promote drainage of rainwater and the like off the roof and to assist in inhibiting the pooling of rainwater and the like thereon. - The
roof structure cover 34 may extend downward by a selected amount onto thewall portion 14 to completely envelop theoverhang portions 124 of the roof panels 32 (not shown inFIG. 1 ). - The
roof structure cover 34 may further include an elastic member 130 proximate its bottom edge which assists the bottom edge of the roof structure cover 34 to snugly fit about the exterior of theshelter 10. In this way, thecover 34 can better protect the interior of theshelter 10 from the weather. Additionally, the snug fit makes thecover 34 more resistant to being inadvertently blown off of the roof during use. - The
roof structure cover 34 may be water-resistant, resistant to weather generally, fire resistant, insect resistant, or any combination of the above. Thecover 34 may be made from any suitable material such as, for example, a polymeric material. - Reference is made to
FIG. 25 , which shows an alternative system 500 for theroof portion 16, which eliminates the need for the roof structure cover 34 (FIG. 1 ). The system 500 incorporatesroof panels 502, support beams 504, and aroof apex cover 506. Theroof panels 502 may be similar to the roof panels 32 (FIG. 5 ). Alternatively, theroof panels 502 may be as shown inFIG. 26 , and may a sandwich of metallic (eg. steel)exterior sheet 508, with an insulative material 510 (eg. a panel of Styrofoam) inside. - Each
support beam 504 extends from the top of a wall frame in-line member 54 to the roof apex, shown at A1, where it adjoins anothersupport beam 504 that extends downwards from the roof apex A1 to the top of a wall frame in-line member 54. At the roof apex A1, suitable brackets 512 (FIG. 27 a) and fasteners 513 (eg. hand-operable fasteners such as winged externally threaded fasteners in combination with wing-nuts) may be provided to join the support beams 504 together. - Referring to
FIG. 27 b, eachsupport beam 504 may have atrough portion 514 and twoflange portions 516. Fasteners 518 (eg. hand-operable fasteners such as winged externally threaded fasteners in combination with wing-nuts) pass through theflange portions 516 and through theroof panels 502 to connect to them. Referring toFIG. 25 , rain that lands or drips off into the space betweenadjacent roof panels 502 is collected in thetrough portion 514 and runs down off the roof. Thesupport beam 504 is preferably made from a metal such as a suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel, however it can be made from any suitable material, such as a polymeric material. - Along the roof apex A1, the
roof apex cover 506 covers the joint betweenadjacent roof panels 502 and support beams 504. Theroof apex cover 506 may comprise one or more strips of polymeric material which can be held in place along the roof apex A1 in any suitable way, such as by a suitable adhesive or an adhesive tape. - Reference is made to
FIG. 28 . In an alternative embodiment the wall panels 26 (FIG. 1 ) may be replaced bywall panels 522 that have a sandwich construction of metallic exterior sheet (eg. suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel), and suitable internal material, such as a panel of Styrofoam. - In an alternative embodiment the wall frame members 24 (
FIG. 1 ) may be replaced by metallic (eg. suitably protected (eg. galvanized) steel)wall frame members 524, which may have similar configurations to thewall frame members 24, examples of which are shown inFIGS. 7 a, 8 a and 9 a. As a result of using a metal to make up themembers 524, however, certain elements of the cross-sectional shape that are shown in themembers 24 shown inFIGS. 7 a, 8 a and 9 a may not be necessary. - Reference is made to
FIGS. 29 and 30 . Theshelter 10 may include asupport frame 600 that lifts thefloor 12 off the ground, thereby permitting some water to accumulate around the shelter 10 (as can happen in the wake of a natural disaster) without flooding theshelter 10. Thesupport frame 600 includes asupport platform portion 602 and a plurality oflegs 604. Thelegs 604 may be adjustable in height, thereby facilitating the supporting of theshelter 10 on uneven terrain. - The
support platform portion 602 may be made up of a plurality of suitable support beams 606, such as box beams. The support beams 606 are arranged to form a platform on which thefloor 12 of theshelter 10 sits. Thebeams 606 may be connected together by any suitable means. For example, thebeams 606 may be connected together using threaded hand-operable fasteners 605 which may be similar to hand-operable fasteners 513 and 518 (FIGS. 27 a and 27 b), which pass throughbeams 606 andbeam stubs 607 that are permanently mounted (eg. by welding) on some of thebeams 606 at selected positions. - An advantage of the
shelter 10 relative to some other forms of shelter is that it can be more resistant to damage from certain types of natural disaster. For example, a shelter that is fixedly mounted in some way to the ground would be directly affected by an earthquake since the movement of the ground would be transmitted into the shelter and could damage the shelter or cause the collapse of the shelter, particularly if one portion of the ground to which the shelter is connected moves differently than an adjacent portion of the ground to which the shelter is also connected. By contrast, theshelter 10 in accordance with some embodiments of the invention is supported on afloor 12, or on afloor 12 and aframe 600, and is in both cases not necessarily anchored to the ground. As a result, if the ground underneath or near theshelter 10 moves or if different portions of the ground move relative to each other, theshelter 10 is at less risk of being damaged. Put another way, theshelter 10 in some embodiments is sufficiently sturdy to be self-supporting or self-standing (unlike, for example, a tent) so that it is resistant to being damaged by certain common after-effects of a natural disaster (eg. aftershocks after an earthquake) while also being advantageously portable and easily erectable by persons in an environment in the wake of a natural disaster. Thus it is well suited to being used in the wake of a natural disaster. - The adjustability of the
legs 604 may be provided by any suitable means. For example, referring toFIG. 29 , eachleg 604 may include aleg body 608 that mounts to theframe platform portion 602, by means for example, of a hand-operable fastener 609 that may be similar to the hand-operable fasteners 513 and 518 (FIGS. 27 a and 27 b), and afoot portion 610 that height-adjustably threads into theleg body portion 608. As a result, eachleg 604 is individually height adjustable, facilitating the support of theshelter 10 on uneven terrain. - Once the
shelter 10 is no longer needed, in some embodiments theshelter 10 may be disassembled and returned to its storage configuration as a kit ofparts 10. Disassembling theshelter 10 is facilitated by the fact that theshelter 10 does not require tools for assembly. Freedom from requiring tools is advantageous because any tools used in the assembly of a shelter (eg. a prior art shelter) may be lost by the user during use of the shelter, which makes subsequent disassembly more difficult. Loss of tools can occur quite easily particularly when the user is in a stressful situation such as having just survived a natural disaster. Therefore, a shelter, such as theshelter 10 that does not require tools for disassembly is advantageous. - Disassembly of the
shelter 10 includes removing theroof structure cover 34, and the hand-operable fasteners roof panel 32 androof frame members 30 may be separated by sliding theroof frame members 30 in an axial direction along the corresponding edge of theroof panel 32. Similarly, awall panel 26 and awall frame members 24 may be separated by sliding thewall frame members 24 in an axial direction along the corresponding edge of thewall panel 26. - While the above description constitutes a plurality of embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated that the present invention is susceptible to further modification and change without departing from the fair meaning of the accompanying claims.
Claims (15)
1. A kit of parts for an erectable shelter, comprising:
a floor;
an at least semi-rigid wall portion with an entrance; and
an at least semi-rigid roof portion;
wherein the wall portion is connectable to the floor without tools,
and wherein the roof portion is connectable to the wall structure without tools.
2. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wall portion includes:
a plurality of wall frame members; and
a plurality of wall panels;
wherein channel structures defining wall connection channels are provided on at least one of the group consisting of the wall frame members and the wall panels, and wherein the edge portions of the other of the group is releasably receivable in the wall connection channels defined by the channel structures,
and wherein the floor includes a plurality of mounting and alignment guides thereon and wherein the wall frame members are receivable in selected positions by the mounting and alignment guides.
3. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the floor and the wall portion each include a plurality of apertures which are alignable and wherein the kit of parts further comprises a plurality of hand-operable fasteners, which are sized to pass through the apertures and connect the wall portion to the floor.
4. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the wall panels are connectable to the wall frame members without tools.
5. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wall structure is removably connectable to the floor without tools,
wherein the roof portion is removably connectable to the wall structure without tools.
6. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the roof portion includes:
a plurality of roof frame members; and
a plurality of roof panels;
wherein channel structures defining roof connection channels are provided on at least one of the group consisting of the roof frame members and the roof panels, and wherein the edge portions of the other of the group is releasably receivable in the roof connection channels defined by the channel structures.
7. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the channel structure includes first and second channel side walls and a channel base wall, and wherein the first and second channel side walls include a plurality of channel ribs and wherein the edge portion that is receivable in the channel includes a plurality of edge portion ribs, which mate with the channel ribs to retain the edge portion in the channel.
8. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the channel ribs have a channel rib saw tooth profile, and wherein the edge portion ribs have an edge portion saw tooth profile, which is oppositely oriented to the channel rib saw tooth profile.
9. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the wall panels includes a window.
10. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the wall panels includes a door assembly for controlling passage through the entrance.
11. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the hand-operable fasteners each include a threaded fastener, a hand-operable nut, and a flexible, resilient washer.
12. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wall portion includes a plurality of wall panels, a plurality of in-line wall frame members and a plurality of corner wall frame members, wherein the floor portion has an edge and includes positions for receiving at least one corner wall frame member along
13. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the roof portion includes a plurality of roof panels and a plurality of support beams, wherein each support beam supports mutually adjacent edges of mutually adjacent roof panels and wherein each support beam includes a trough portion that is positioned to collect rain that falls between the mutually adjacent edges of the mutually adjacent roof panels thereby inhibiting the rain from entering the shelter.
14. A kit of parts for an erectable shelter, comprising:
a floor;
a support frame for supporting the floor off the ground;
an at least semi-rigid wall portion with an entrance; and
an at least semi-rigid roof portion;
wherein the wall portion is connectable to the floor without tools,
and wherein the roof portion is connectable to the wall structure without tools.
15. A kit of parts as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the support frame include a support platform portion for supporting the floor, and a plurality of legs, wherein the legs are individually height adjustable.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/937,647 US20080110484A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2007-11-09 | Kit of parts for an erectable shelter and a shelter made therefrom |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US86515806P | 2006-11-09 | 2006-11-09 | |
US90831507P | 2007-03-27 | 2007-03-27 | |
US11/937,647 US20080110484A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2007-11-09 | Kit of parts for an erectable shelter and a shelter made therefrom |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080110484A1 true US20080110484A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
Family
ID=39368024
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/937,647 Abandoned US20080110484A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2007-11-09 | Kit of parts for an erectable shelter and a shelter made therefrom |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20080110484A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
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US8001985B1 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2011-08-23 | Conner Michael R | Self-contained shelter |
US8776449B1 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2014-07-15 | Marian Gilmore Rowan | Shelter building |
US9097032B1 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-08-04 | Abdulreidha A. J. A. Al-Saffar | Portable shelter |
US20160222644A1 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-04 | The Cricket System Incorporated (d/b/a Visible Good, Inc.) | Rapid deployment shelters and shelter systems |
US10494808B2 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-12-03 | American Douglas Metals, Inc. | Prefabricated portable structure |
US10612233B1 (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-04-07 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Modular assembly shelter kits and methods |
US10889984B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2021-01-12 | Newage Products Inc. | Building assembly |
US11408165B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2022-08-09 | Kurtis Kolisnek | Modular protective enclosure for outdoor equipment |
WO2023281042A1 (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | Hallgruppen As | Building |
US11643002B1 (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2023-05-09 | Life Cube, Inc. | Temporary shelter |
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US8001985B1 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2011-08-23 | Conner Michael R | Self-contained shelter |
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US10889984B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2021-01-12 | Newage Products Inc. | Building assembly |
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US11643002B1 (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2023-05-09 | Life Cube, Inc. | Temporary shelter |
US11408165B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2022-08-09 | Kurtis Kolisnek | Modular protective enclosure for outdoor equipment |
WO2023281042A1 (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | Hallgruppen As | Building |
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Legal Events
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