US20080000114A1 - Tooth and adaptor assembly - Google Patents
Tooth and adaptor assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080000114A1 US20080000114A1 US11/726,267 US72626707A US2008000114A1 US 20080000114 A1 US20080000114 A1 US 20080000114A1 US 72626707 A US72626707 A US 72626707A US 2008000114 A1 US2008000114 A1 US 2008000114A1
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- Prior art keywords
- adaptor
- set forth
- tooth
- assembly
- cross
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2808—Teeth
- E02F9/2858—Teeth characterised by shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2808—Teeth
- E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
- E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2866—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits for rotating digging elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to excavating equipment, more particularly, to bucket tooth and adaptor assemblies for use on dipper buckets.
- a chisel-like tooth of the assembly reduces the initial contact mass of the bucket edge moving into the material being excavated by focussing the accumulated digging forces at the leading edges of the tooth, thereby maximizing the penetration efficiency of the excavating equipment.
- the loosened material can then be freely loaded into the excavation bucket or simply diverted around the assembly when materials are only being broken up.
- Abrasive grinding, multidirectional stresses and shock loading at exceedingly high levels can continuously and abruptly breach the integrity of the tooth and adaptor assembly during any given excavation application.
- Canadian Patent 1,243,059 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,481,728 are exemplary of the first generation elliptical tooth and adaptor system.
- This system demonstrated the use of a three-piece system in mining applications. This system enabled the user to replace the primary consumable tooth separate from the fixed carrier adaptor. Any number of consumable teeth could then be readily fitted to the adaptor and replaced as each became worn out.
- this tooth and adaptor system is functional, it requires certain installation and removal techniques that are not desirable for use in the field.
- Some of this assembly's limitations include the use of an oversized locking pin that incorporates compressive elastomeric material vulcanized between two rigid members of the locking pin.
- the resulting wear can contribute to a “loose fit” condition affecting all three assembled components. This condition is especially true when certain “self-lubricated” and highly abrasive ores such as tar sand are being excavated. These ores have the inherent ability to quickly enter all gaps and internal aspects of the mated assembly.
- the elastomeric material incorporated in the retainer pin is exposed to the chemical effects of the ore (i.e., tar sand) and this contributes to the premature breakdown of this material diminishing its ability to lock the tooth to the adaptor. If the retainer lock pin does become loose and falls out, the tooth and adaptor can uncouple, leaving the less wear-resistant adaptor male mating nose exposed to harsh wear from the continuing excavation process.
- the preferred assembly also includes a tooth having a front tip portion adapted for excavating and a rear portion extending from the front end.
- the rear portion of the tooth includes a socket configured to accommodate the front and intermediate portions of the adaptor in a coupled position.
- the socket has an opening adapted to mate with the base of the intermediate portion and a bottom with a flat surface to mate with the front portion of the adaptor.
- the socket has an interior wall surface that is initially cylindrical at the entrance and then tapers to the bottom, the interior wall surface having a portion that is planar such that it mates with the planar portion of the exterior surface of the intermediate portion of the adaptor.
- the rear portion of the tooth also has a smaller opening, which secures a retainer pin.
- the aperture is in alignment with the adaptor passageway when the tooth is fully seated on the adaptor.
- the aperture extends through the tooth thereby providing communication from the outer tooth surface to the passageway.
- the retainer pin is disposed in the adaptor passageway to extend toward and engage the aperture in the tooth thereby securing the tooth on the adaptor. The retainer pin can be extracted from the smaller opening in the tooth by external means.
- the assembly utilizes a compressible retainer pin to engage and disengage the tooth from the adaptor. There is no bottom through-hole in the bottom of the tooth to “drift” the retainer pin out in order to disassemble the tooth from the adaptor. This prevents the entry of highly pressurized compaction forces from beneath that can force the typical base exposed retainer pin upward and out of their latched position.
- the assembly includes a tooth, an adaptor, a retainer pin and a biasing element.
- the tooth and adaptor are configured such that the mated surfaces of the assembled components minimize debris from entering the interstitial space between the tooth and the adaptor when they are in a coupled and latched position.
- the retainer pin is a solid pin, tapered at one end, having a square cross-section with rounded corners.
- the biasing element can consist of an elastomeric plug and/or a spring element that maintains outward pressure on the retainer pin to promote locking engagement within the small hole of the tooth.
- the adaptor front portion has a rectangular front end and enlarges in cross-section towards the substantially circular base of the intermediate portion.
- the intermediate portion incorporates a 3 ⁇ 4 round cylindrical shank having a flat side surface containing a cavity formed thereon.
- the front and intermediate portions are adapted to conform to an interior configuration of the tooth socket so as to prevent the tooth from rotating on the adaptor in the coupled position.
- These additional mated-load bearing surfaces help to keep the tooth stable on the adaptor while a maintenance worker is changing out the tooth.
- One or more stabilizing lugs protrude outward from the adaptor thrust bearing surface that mate with positioning slot(s) positioned on the thrust bearing surface of the tooth.
- the complementary shapes of the front and intermediate portions of the adaptor and the tooth socket more effectively distribute the shock and bearing loads throughout the assembly.
- the front and intermediate portions form multi-directional load-bearing surfaces so as to reduce the possibility of tooth and/or adaptor nose breakage.
- the retainer pin can be easily manipulated externally with a simple tool, such as a drift punch, entered into the small hole of the tooth to permit installation and removal of the tooth.
- a simple tool such as a drift punch
- the configuration of the retainer pin prevents chemically active ore from entering the adaptor cavity and having an adverse effect on an elastomeric biasing element. Accordingly, the elastomeric material and/or spring mechanism and retainer pin can be used over the course of several tooth change outs, if necessary.
- an adaptor for releasably attaching a bucket tooth to an excavation tool includes a rear portion adapted for attaching to an excavation tool; a front portion adapted for a sliding fit with a corresponding socket disposed on a bucket tooth; an intermediate portion comprising an exterior surface and a base adjacent to the rear portion, the intermediate portion narrowing in cross-sectional area from the base to front portion; a substantially planar surface disposed on a portion of the exterior surface; and a passageway extending from the planar surface at least partially into the adaptor, the passageway being adapted to receive a retainer pin for releasably attaching the bucket tooth to the adaptor.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view depicting a tooth uncoupled from an adaptor that is mounted to a dipper bucket.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view depicting a tooth being seated on an adaptor.
- FIG. 4 is a top plan view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly of FIG. 1 with the tooth seated on the adaptor.
- FIG. 5 is a side elevational view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly of FIG. 1 with the tooth uncoupled from the adaptor.
- FIG. 7 is a left side elevational cross-section view depicting a tooth of FIG. 4 as shown along section lines VII-VII.
- FIG. 7A is a left side elevational cross-section view depicting the tooth of FIG. 7 with a slot for a stabilizing lug.
- FIG. 8 is a right side elevational cross-section view depicting the tooth of FIG. 4 shown along section lines VIII-VIII.
- FIG. 9 is a top plan cross-sectional view depicting the tooth of FIG. 3 as shown along section lines IX-IX.
- FIG. 10 is a left side elevational view depicting the adaptor of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 10A is a left side elevation view depicting the adaptor of FIG. 10 with a stabilizing lug.
- FIG. 11 is a top plan view depicting the adaptor of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 11A is a top plan view depicting the adaptor of FIG. 11 with a stabilizing lug.
- FIG. 12 is a side elevational view depicting a retainer pin for use with the tooth and adaptor assembly of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 13 is a top cross sectional plan view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly of FIG. 3 as shown along section lines XIII-XIII.
- FIG. 13A is a top cross sectional plan view displaying an alternate embodiment of the retainer pin.
- FIG. 14 is an end elevational cross-section view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly of FIG. 4 as shown along section lines XIV-XIV.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view depicting a backhoe with a dipper bucket.
- FIG. 16 is an elevational side view depicting an excavator with a dipper bucket.
- FIG. 17 is an elevational side view depicting a front-end loader with a mining bucket.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view depicting a bucket-wheel trencher excavator with a plurality of toothed buckets.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view depicting a trencher with a chain equipped with a plurality of tooth and adaptor assemblies.
- FIG. 20 is an elevational side view depicting a cutting head for a dredging excavator.
- the tooth/adaptor assembly 10 broadly consists of excavation tooth 12 , adaptor 14 , retainer pin 16 , and biasing element 17 .
- Adaptor 14 comprises elongated U-shaped member 15 that attaches to dipper bucket 18 on bucket lip 19 as well known to those skilled in the art. Tooth 12 is seated onto adaptor 14 and secured by retainer pin 16 that is forced outwardly from the adaptor cavity 20 by the biasing element 17 to fit snugly into aperture 21 on tooth 12 . Tooth 12 is designed to bear the brunt of the wearing forces caused by excavating and will wear out over time.
- tooth 12 can be removed from adaptor 14 by inserting a tool, such as a drift punch or similarly shaped device, into aperture 21 to engage pin 16 and compress biasing element 17 . This causes pin 16 to disengage from aperture 21 on tooth 12 thereby allowing tooth 12 to be removed from adaptor 14 .
- a tool such as a drift punch or similarly shaped device
- FIGS. 3 and 4 side and top views of assembly 10 is shown with tooth 12 fully seated on adaptor 14 . Tooth 12 has a pointed tip 22 designed for excavating. As more clearly shown in FIG. 13 , tooth 12 is secured to adaptor 14 with retainer pin 16 seated in cavity and engaging aperture 21 . Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6 , side and top views of assembly 10 is shown with tooth 12 uncoupled from adaptor 14 .
- Adaptor 14 comprises base portion 23 that is generally circular in cross-section, intermediate elliptical tapered cone portion 24 and front block portion 35 .
- tooth 12 comprises socket 26 that receives front, intermediate and base portions 35 , 24 and 23 of adaptor 14 .
- thrust bearing surface 27 of tooth 12 contacts thrust bearing surface 31 of adaptor 14 . Load forces passing from adaptor 14 to tooth 12 and from tooth 12 back to adaptor 14 are transmitted via these uniform mated fit surfaces.
- Front portion 35 is a key adapted to prevent tooth 12 from rotating on adaptor 14 when fully seated on adaptor 14 .
- front portion 35 has a rectangular cross-section.
- the cross-section of front portion 35 can be of any suitable cross-sectional shape that will prevent tooth 12 from rotating on adaptor 14 when fully seated on adaptor 14 .
- suitable polygon shapes for front portion 35 include triangle, square, rhombus, trapezoid, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon and octagon.
- Front portion 35 can also be elliptical in cross-section in addition to any other curved cross-section that will prevent tooth 12 from rotating on adaptor 14 .
- FIGS. 7 and 8 side cross-sectional views of tooth 12 are shown.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a top plan cross-sectional view of tooth 12 .
- Tooth 12 is intersected by a socket-opening 26 that has a substantially circular interior load bearing surface 29 to match base 23 of adaptor 14 .
- Relief cavity 33 is a relief groove that separates load surface 29 from elliptical cone surface 30 .
- Relief cavity 33 is relatively circular in shape and offers additional relief clearance for adaptor transition zone edges 32 on tooth 12 when tooth 12 is fully seated on adaptor 14 .
- Sidewalls 34 a to 34 d and primary thrust bearing surface 39 of key-way 52 provide an opening to receive front block 35 of adaptor 14 in a sliding fit.
- front block 35 of adaptor 14 and key-way 52 are rectangular in cross section.
- the cross-section of key-way 52 can be of any suitable cross-sectional shape that will prevent tooth 12 from rotating on adaptor 14 when fully seated on adaptor 14 .
- suitable polygon shapes for key-way 52 include triangle, square, rhombus, trapezoid, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon and octagon.
- Key-way 52 can also be elliptical in cross-section in addition to any other curved cross-section that will prevent tooth 12 from rotating on adaptor 14 so long as key-way 52 and front portion 35 are complementary in shape and fit.
- Cone surface 30 and circular base 29 further comprises flat surface 38 that give this intermediate portion of socket 26 a generally D-shaped or 3 ⁇ 4 round cross-section.
- Ramp 60 leads from thrust bearing surface 27 in socket 26 towards ramp crest 62 that is adjacent to aperture 21 .
- aperture 21 is tapered, or frusto-conical, in shape and configuration.
- Adaptor 14 comprises of adaptor base 23 , which is generally circular, elliptical body 24 and front block 35 .
- Front block 35 is, preferably, rectangular and comprises of sidewalls 36 a to 36 d and primary thrust surface 37 .
- Elliptical body 24 tapers from transition 32 to front block 35 .
- Flat surface 25 is disposed on elliptical body 24 and adaptor base 23 .
- Retainer pin cavity 20 is disposed on flat surface 25 and is generally transverse to the horizontal axis of adaptor 14 . Retainer pin cavity 20 aligns with aperture 21 of tooth 12 when tooth 12 is fully seated onto adaptor 14 .
- Front block 35 is adapted for a sliding fit with the bottom of tooth socket 26 which is defined by sidewalls 36 a to 36 d and thrust bearing surface 37 .
- adaptor front block 35 can have a generally rectangular cross section, with flat front mating surface 37 having a width that is greater than its height, that is, top and bottom mating surfaces 36 a and 36 c are wider than flat side mating surfaces 36 b and 36 d.
- adaptor 14 further comprises at least one stabilizing lug 66 extending away from base portion 23 and bearing thrust surface 31 .
- stabilizing lug 66 fits into positioning slot 67 located on tooth 12 , as shown in FIG. 7A , to further stabilize tooth 12 when tooth 12 is substantially seated on adaptor 14 .
- FIG. 12 A side view of retainer pin 16 is shown in FIG. 12 .
- Retainer pin 16 comprises main body 40 , O-ring groove 41 , tapered tip 42 and biasing element 17 .
- pin tip 42 is tapered in one embodiment to ensure firm engagement into aperture 21 to prevent debris from entering cavity 20 . This uniform metal-to-metal surface contact is maintained by the outward compression, as described below, that encloses passageway 28 and the interior of assembly 10 .
- biasing element 17 Positioned firstly within the adaptor retainer pin hole 20 is biasing element 17 which urges the retainer pin 16 outward to insert retainer pin tip 42 into aperture 21 , thereby securing the tooth 12 firmly on the adaptor 14 .
- biasing element 17 can be made of corrosion resistant spring material.
- FIG. 13 front cross-sectional views of assembly 10 are shown with spring mechanism 17 and retainer pin 16 housed in the adaptor retainer pin cavity 20 .
- the coupling of tooth 12 onto adaptor 14 forces tapered tip 42 of retainer pin 16 to travel up ramp 60 thereby compressing biasing element 17 .
- biasing element 17 urges tapered tip 42 into aperture 21 when tooth 12 is fully coupled to adaptor 14 .
- biasing element can be a resilient elastomeric plug made of rubber, polyurethane or any other suitable elastomer material as known to those skilled in the art that can provide the force required to urge retainer pin 16 toward and engage aperture 21 on tooth 12 when tooth 12 is seated on adaptor 14 .
- biasing element 17 can be a pair of magnets 48 and 50 placed in cavity 20 such that magnets 48 and 50 repel one another. In this manner, the magnetic force that causes magnets 48 and 50 to repel one another urges retainer pin 16 toward aperture 21 and engage it thereby retaining tooth 12 on adaptor 14 .
- Retainer pin 16 is of a rigid construction and may be manufactured from steel or alloys having suitable strength, wear and corrosion resistant properties.
- FIG. 14 a cross-sectional rear view of tooth 12 seated on adaptor 14 is shown.
- Flat surface 38 of tooth 12 aligns and mates with flat surface 25 of adaptor 14 .
- Cavity 20 aligns with aperture 21 to form passageway 28 .
- Adaptor 14 is sized to provide a close fit with socket 26 of tooth 12 . With tooth 12 and adaptor 14 configured in this manner, tooth 12 is prevented from rotating on adaptor 14 .
- tooth and adaptor assemblies for use with dipper buckets.
- the tooth and adaptor assemblies described herein can be used on a variety of heavy equipment and excavating tools.
- tooth and adaptor assemblies can be used on backhoes 70 ( FIG. 15 ) and excavators 72 ( FIG. 16 ) in addition to mining shovel buckets or front-end loader buckets 74 ( FIG. 17 ).
- Bucket wheel trenchers are large diameter wheels having a plurality of buckets spaced about the circumference of the wheel. Each bucket, in turn, has a number of teeth and adaptor assembles. Bucket wheels are typically used in open-pit mining operations and to excavate pipeline trenches. An example of such a bucket wheel 76 is shown in FIG. 18 .
- Chain trenchers are a different type of excavating tool as they comprise an endless chain having a plurality of tooth and adaptor assemblies attached around the chain not unlike a chainsaw. Trenchers are used to cut trenches in the ground. An example of such a trencher 78 is shown in FIG. 19 .
- cutterheads as used on dredging equipment. These cutterheads are rotary cutting devices and have the teeth and adaptor assemblies disposed about the semispherical surface of the cutterhead such that they are pointed in the direction of cutterhead rotation.
- An example of a cutterhead 80 is shown in FIG. 20 .
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Abstract
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to excavating equipment, more particularly, to bucket tooth and adaptor assemblies for use on dipper buckets.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Excavation in construction and mining applications is carried out more efficiently when ground-engaging penetration attachments, such as tooth and adaptor assemblies, are securely mounted on the leading digging edge of the excavation dipper bucket and/or excavation equipment. Usually, adaptors are rigidly attached to the bucket by either welding or some form of mechanical fastener.
- A chisel-like tooth of the assembly reduces the initial contact mass of the bucket edge moving into the material being excavated by focussing the accumulated digging forces at the leading edges of the tooth, thereby maximizing the penetration efficiency of the excavating equipment. The loosened material can then be freely loaded into the excavation bucket or simply diverted around the assembly when materials are only being broken up. Abrasive grinding, multidirectional stresses and shock loading at exceedingly high levels can continuously and abruptly breach the integrity of the tooth and adaptor assembly during any given excavation application.
- Canadian Patent 1,243,059 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,481,728 are exemplary of the first generation elliptical tooth and adaptor system. This system demonstrated the use of a three-piece system in mining applications. This system enabled the user to replace the primary consumable tooth separate from the fixed carrier adaptor. Any number of consumable teeth could then be readily fitted to the adaptor and replaced as each became worn out. Although this tooth and adaptor system is functional, it requires certain installation and removal techniques that are not desirable for use in the field. Some of this assembly's limitations include the use of an oversized locking pin that incorporates compressive elastomeric material vulcanized between two rigid members of the locking pin.
- Excessive force has to be applied by a sledgehammer to sufficiently compress the pin to permit full insertion into a smaller hole that receives the lock pin. Installation and removal of the locking pin is also time consuming and physically difficult, particularly if the head of the pin became flattened (mushroom shaped) from repeated hammer blows. This arduous practice of changing out worn teeth and installing new teeth has eventually become a safety concern. This original design is no longer acceptable to maintenance workers in certain mining applications. In addition, several other features of this design eventually became a concern.
- Another problem with this type of tooth and adaptor system is the physical properties of the vulcanized elastomeric material used in a lock pin to maintain the tooth fully on the adaptor. Deterioration of the elastomeric material is a common occurrence thereby making the locking pin non reusable. In addition, the structural design of this tooth and adaptor system restricted the possibility of establishing a locking system that would better preserve this important component.
- The extreme flowing pressures (several tons) of excavated materials beneath the shovel bucket tend to force this type of locking pin upward and out of the locked position. Occasionally, these pins are actually forced out completely and allow the tooth to fall off.
- Other limitations of this tooth and adaptor system include its design of an aligning common-through hole located centrally in both mated structural members when the tooth was fully fitted to the adaptor to accept the locking pin. The loss of structural mass in the tooth sidewalls weakened the tooth and, occasionally, will break when subjected to severe digging applications.
- Other systems include large gaps on the assembled tooth and adaptor, and within and around the lock pinholes. This leaves the mating fit surfaces of the assembly, the lock pin bearing support surfaces and its related structural members vulnerable to the extreme flowing pressures (several tons) of excavated materials that are readily forced into these gaps. The abrasive qualities of the ore, combined with any movement between the assembled components during the excavation process, create an aggressive grinding effect that can deteriorate these important dimensional load-bearing surfaces.
- The resulting wear can contribute to a “loose fit” condition affecting all three assembled components. This condition is especially true when certain “self-lubricated” and highly abrasive ores such as tar sand are being excavated. These ores have the inherent ability to quickly enter all gaps and internal aspects of the mated assembly. In addition, the elastomeric material incorporated in the retainer pin is exposed to the chemical effects of the ore (i.e., tar sand) and this contributes to the premature breakdown of this material diminishing its ability to lock the tooth to the adaptor. If the retainer lock pin does become loose and falls out, the tooth and adaptor can uncouple, leaving the less wear-resistant adaptor male mating nose exposed to harsh wear from the continuing excavation process.
- It is, therefore, desirable to provide a tooth and adaptor assembly for a dipper bucket that overcomes the limitations of the conventional equipment described above.
- According to the preferred embodiment of this invention, a tooth and adaptor assembly for a dipper bucket includes an adaptor having a front portion, an intermediate portion and a rear portion. The rear portion is adapted for attaching to a conventional dipper bucket. The intermediate portion extends between the front and rear portions and has a substantially circular base adjacent to the rear portion. The intermediate portion tapers or narrows in cross-section from its base to the front portion. According to one arrangement, the intermediate portion has an elliptical cross-section and the front portion has a substantially flat front end. According to another arrangement, a portion of the exterior surface of the intermediate portion is substantially planar thereby making the intermediate portion approximately D-shaped in cross section. A cavity is disposed on the planar surface, this cavity being transverse to a longitudinal axis passing through the intermediate portion. The cavity can be circular, rectangular or square in cross-section.
- The preferred assembly also includes a tooth having a front tip portion adapted for excavating and a rear portion extending from the front end. The rear portion of the tooth includes a socket configured to accommodate the front and intermediate portions of the adaptor in a coupled position. Specifically, the socket has an opening adapted to mate with the base of the intermediate portion and a bottom with a flat surface to mate with the front portion of the adaptor. The socket has an interior wall surface that is initially cylindrical at the entrance and then tapers to the bottom, the interior wall surface having a portion that is planar such that it mates with the planar portion of the exterior surface of the intermediate portion of the adaptor.
- The rear portion of the tooth also has a smaller opening, which secures a retainer pin. The aperture is in alignment with the adaptor passageway when the tooth is fully seated on the adaptor. In the preferred embodiment, the aperture extends through the tooth thereby providing communication from the outer tooth surface to the passageway. The retainer pin is disposed in the adaptor passageway to extend toward and engage the aperture in the tooth thereby securing the tooth on the adaptor. The retainer pin can be extracted from the smaller opening in the tooth by external means.
- In an alternative embodiment, the assembly utilizes a compressible retainer pin to engage and disengage the tooth from the adaptor. There is no bottom through-hole in the bottom of the tooth to “drift” the retainer pin out in order to disassemble the tooth from the adaptor. This prevents the entry of highly pressurized compaction forces from beneath that can force the typical base exposed retainer pin upward and out of their latched position.
- In yet another embodiment, the assembly includes a tooth, an adaptor, a retainer pin and a biasing element. The tooth and adaptor are configured such that the mated surfaces of the assembled components minimize debris from entering the interstitial space between the tooth and the adaptor when they are in a coupled and latched position. Preferably, the retainer pin is a solid pin, tapered at one end, having a square cross-section with rounded corners. The biasing element can consist of an elastomeric plug and/or a spring element that maintains outward pressure on the retainer pin to promote locking engagement within the small hole of the tooth. A ramp disposed in the socket between the mouth of the socket and the small hole of the tooth compresses the biasing element of the retainer pin as the tooth is seated onto the adaptor. As the small hole of the tooth begins to align with the adaptor cavity, the retainer pin passes over the crest of the ramp and is urged forward by the biasing element to engage the small hole thereby securing the tooth on the adaptor.
- According to another arrangement, the adaptor front portion has a rectangular front end and enlarges in cross-section towards the substantially circular base of the intermediate portion. The intermediate portion incorporates a ¾ round cylindrical shank having a flat side surface containing a cavity formed thereon. The front and intermediate portions are adapted to conform to an interior configuration of the tooth socket so as to prevent the tooth from rotating on the adaptor in the coupled position. These additional mated-load bearing surfaces help to keep the tooth stable on the adaptor while a maintenance worker is changing out the tooth. One or more stabilizing lugs protrude outward from the adaptor thrust bearing surface that mate with positioning slot(s) positioned on the thrust bearing surface of the tooth.
- The complementary shapes of the front and intermediate portions of the adaptor and the tooth socket more effectively distribute the shock and bearing loads throughout the assembly. The front and intermediate portions form multi-directional load-bearing surfaces so as to reduce the possibility of tooth and/or adaptor nose breakage.
- The retainer pin can be easily manipulated externally with a simple tool, such as a drift punch, entered into the small hole of the tooth to permit installation and removal of the tooth. The configuration of the retainer pin prevents chemically active ore from entering the adaptor cavity and having an adverse effect on an elastomeric biasing element. Accordingly, the elastomeric material and/or spring mechanism and retainer pin can be used over the course of several tooth change outs, if necessary.
- According to one aspect of the invention, an adaptor for releasably attaching a bucket tooth to an excavation tool includes a rear portion adapted for attaching to an excavation tool; a front portion adapted for a sliding fit with a corresponding socket disposed on a bucket tooth; an intermediate portion comprising an exterior surface and a base adjacent to the rear portion, the intermediate portion narrowing in cross-sectional area from the base to front portion; a substantially planar surface disposed on a portion of the exterior surface; and a passageway extending from the planar surface at least partially into the adaptor, the passageway being adapted to receive a retainer pin for releasably attaching the bucket tooth to the adaptor.
- According to another aspect of the invention, a bucket tooth for releasably attaching an adaptor to an excavation tool includes a longitudinal body that has a front tip portion adapted for excavating disposed on one end and a rear portion disposed on an opposing end; a socket disposed on the rear portion, the socket having a mouth, a side wall and an interior mating surface adapted for a sliding fit onto an exterior surface of an adaptor; a substantially planar surface disposed on a portion of the interior mating surface; an aperture disposed on the planar surface, the aperture being adapted to substantially align with a passageway disposed on the adaptor; and a catch disposed on the planar surface between the mouth and the aperture, the catch being adapted to secure a retainer pin disposed in the passageway to the aperture, the retainer pin including a biasing element adapted to urge the retainer pin to engage the aperture when the tooth is substantially seated on the adaptor thereby preventing the tooth from being removed from the adaptor.
- According to yet another aspect of the invention, a retainer pin is adapted for releasably attaching a bucket tooth to an adaptor, the tooth including a socket having an interior surface and adapted for sliding fit on to the adaptor, a longitudinal body having first and second ends, the body being adapted to be inserted into a passageway disposed on an adaptor; a biasing element disposed on the first end; and the second end adapted to seat in an aperture disposed on a socket interior surface of a bucket tooth when the retainer pin is inserted first end first into the passageway of the adaptor thereby retaining the tooth on the adaptor once the tooth is substantially seated on the adaptor.
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FIG. 1 is a perspective view depicting a tooth uncoupled from an adaptor that is mounted to a dipper bucket. -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view depicting a tooth being seated on an adaptor. -
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly ofFIG. 1 with the tooth seated on the adaptor. -
FIG. 4 is a top plan view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly ofFIG. 1 with the tooth seated on the adaptor. -
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly ofFIG. 1 with the tooth uncoupled from the adaptor. -
FIG. 6 is a top plan view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly ofFIG. 1 with the tooth uncoupled from the adaptor. -
FIG. 7 is a left side elevational cross-section view depicting a tooth ofFIG. 4 as shown along section lines VII-VII. -
FIG. 7A is a left side elevational cross-section view depicting the tooth ofFIG. 7 with a slot for a stabilizing lug. -
FIG. 8 is a right side elevational cross-section view depicting the tooth ofFIG. 4 shown along section lines VIII-VIII. -
FIG. 9 is a top plan cross-sectional view depicting the tooth ofFIG. 3 as shown along section lines IX-IX. -
FIG. 10 is a left side elevational view depicting the adaptor ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 10A is a left side elevation view depicting the adaptor ofFIG. 10 with a stabilizing lug. -
FIG. 11 is a top plan view depicting the adaptor ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 11A is a top plan view depicting the adaptor ofFIG. 11 with a stabilizing lug. -
FIG. 12 is a side elevational view depicting a retainer pin for use with the tooth and adaptor assembly ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 13 is a top cross sectional plan view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly ofFIG. 3 as shown along section lines XIII-XIII. -
FIG. 13A is a top cross sectional plan view displaying an alternate embodiment of the retainer pin. -
FIG. 14 is an end elevational cross-section view depicting the tooth and adaptor assembly ofFIG. 4 as shown along section lines XIV-XIV. -
FIG. 15 is a perspective view depicting a backhoe with a dipper bucket. -
FIG. 16 is an elevational side view depicting an excavator with a dipper bucket. -
FIG. 17 is an elevational side view depicting a front-end loader with a mining bucket. -
FIG. 18 is a perspective view depicting a bucket-wheel trencher excavator with a plurality of toothed buckets. -
FIG. 19 is a perspective view depicting a trencher with a chain equipped with a plurality of tooth and adaptor assemblies. -
FIG. 20 is an elevational side view depicting a cutting head for a dredging excavator. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , a representative embodiment of the present invention is shown. The tooth/adaptor assembly 10 broadly consists ofexcavation tooth 12,adaptor 14,retainer pin 16, and biasingelement 17.Adaptor 14 comprises elongatedU-shaped member 15 that attaches todipper bucket 18 onbucket lip 19 as well known to those skilled in the art.Tooth 12 is seated ontoadaptor 14 and secured byretainer pin 16 that is forced outwardly from theadaptor cavity 20 by the biasingelement 17 to fit snugly intoaperture 21 ontooth 12.Tooth 12 is designed to bear the brunt of the wearing forces caused by excavating and will wear out over time. Astooth 12 wears out to the point that it is no longer serviceable,tooth 12 can be removed fromadaptor 14 by inserting a tool, such as a drift punch or similarly shaped device, intoaperture 21 to engagepin 16 and compress biasingelement 17. This causespin 16 to disengage fromaperture 21 ontooth 12 thereby allowingtooth 12 to be removed fromadaptor 14. - Referring to
FIGS. 3 and 4 , side and top views ofassembly 10 is shown withtooth 12 fully seated onadaptor 14.Tooth 12 has a pointedtip 22 designed for excavating. As more clearly shown inFIG. 13 ,tooth 12 is secured toadaptor 14 withretainer pin 16 seated in cavity and engagingaperture 21. Referring toFIGS. 5 and 6 , side and top views ofassembly 10 is shown withtooth 12 uncoupled fromadaptor 14.Adaptor 14 comprisesbase portion 23 that is generally circular in cross-section, intermediate elliptical taperedcone portion 24 andfront block portion 35. - One side of the
base 23 andintermediate portions flat surface 25 that gives thebase portion 23 and intermediate portion 24 a generally D-shaped or ¾ round cross-section. Theflat surface 25 has a planar axis that can be positioned substantially vertical onadaptor 14, although other configurations can be used.Retainer pin cavity 20 onflat surface 25 can be transverse tolongitudinal axis 11 ofassembly 10. To coupletooth 12 andadaptor 14 together,tooth 12 comprisessocket 26 that receives front, intermediate andbase portions adaptor 14. Whentooth 12 is seated onadaptor 14,thrust bearing surface 27 oftooth 12 contacts thrustbearing surface 31 ofadaptor 14. Load forces passing fromadaptor 14 totooth 12 and fromtooth 12 back toadaptor 14 are transmitted via these uniform mated fit surfaces. - Moreover, when
tooth 12 is seated onadaptor 14,aperture 21 aligns withcavity 20 to provide a substantiallycontinuous passageway 28 for receivingretainer pin 16.Front portion 35 is a key adapted to preventtooth 12 from rotating onadaptor 14 when fully seated onadaptor 14. In the embodiment described herein,front portion 35 has a rectangular cross-section. The cross-section offront portion 35 can be of any suitable cross-sectional shape that will preventtooth 12 from rotating onadaptor 14 when fully seated onadaptor 14. Examples of suitable polygon shapes forfront portion 35 include triangle, square, rhombus, trapezoid, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon and octagon.Front portion 35 can also be elliptical in cross-section in addition to any other curved cross-section that will preventtooth 12 from rotating onadaptor 14. - In
FIGS. 7 and 8 , side cross-sectional views oftooth 12 are shown.FIG. 9 illustrates a top plan cross-sectional view oftooth 12.Tooth 12 is intersected by a socket-opening 26 that has a substantially circular interiorload bearing surface 29 to matchbase 23 ofadaptor 14.Relief cavity 33 is a relief groove that separatesload surface 29 fromelliptical cone surface 30.Relief cavity 33 is relatively circular in shape and offers additional relief clearance for adaptor transition zone edges 32 ontooth 12 whentooth 12 is fully seated onadaptor 14. - Sidewalls 34 a to 34 d and primary
thrust bearing surface 39 of key-way 52 provide an opening to receivefront block 35 ofadaptor 14 in a sliding fit. In one embodiment,front block 35 ofadaptor 14 and key-way 52 are rectangular in cross section. The cross-section of key-way 52 can be of any suitable cross-sectional shape that will preventtooth 12 from rotating onadaptor 14 when fully seated onadaptor 14. Examples of suitable polygon shapes for key-way 52 include triangle, square, rhombus, trapezoid, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon and octagon. Key-way 52 can also be elliptical in cross-section in addition to any other curved cross-section that will preventtooth 12 from rotating onadaptor 14 so long as key-way 52 andfront portion 35 are complementary in shape and fit. -
Cone surface 30 andcircular base 29 further comprisesflat surface 38 that give this intermediate portion of socket 26 a generally D-shaped or ¾ round cross-section.Ramp 60 leads fromthrust bearing surface 27 insocket 26 towardsramp crest 62 that is adjacent toaperture 21. In one embodiment,aperture 21 is tapered, or frusto-conical, in shape and configuration. - Referring to
FIGS. 10 and 11 , side and top views ofadaptor 14 are shown, respectively.Adaptor 14 comprises ofadaptor base 23, which is generally circular,elliptical body 24 andfront block 35.Front block 35 is, preferably, rectangular and comprises ofsidewalls 36 a to 36 d andprimary thrust surface 37.Elliptical body 24 tapers fromtransition 32 tofront block 35.Flat surface 25 is disposed onelliptical body 24 andadaptor base 23.Retainer pin cavity 20 is disposed onflat surface 25 and is generally transverse to the horizontal axis ofadaptor 14.Retainer pin cavity 20 aligns withaperture 21 oftooth 12 whentooth 12 is fully seated ontoadaptor 14.Front block 35 is adapted for a sliding fit with the bottom oftooth socket 26 which is defined by sidewalls 36 a to 36 d andthrust bearing surface 37. In one embodiment,adaptor front block 35 can have a generally rectangular cross section, with flatfront mating surface 37 having a width that is greater than its height, that is, top and bottom mating surfaces 36 a and 36 c are wider than flat side mating surfaces 36 b and 36 d. - Referring to
FIGS. 7A , 10A and 11A, another embodiment oftooth 12 andadaptor 14 are shown. As illustrated inFIGS. 10A and 11A ,adaptor 14 further comprises at least one stabilizinglug 66 extending away frombase portion 23 and bearing thrustsurface 31. In this embodiment, stabilizinglug 66 fits intopositioning slot 67 located ontooth 12, as shown inFIG. 7A , to further stabilizetooth 12 whentooth 12 is substantially seated onadaptor 14. - A side view of
retainer pin 16 is shown inFIG. 12 .Retainer pin 16 comprisesmain body 40, O-ring groove 41, taperedtip 42 and biasingelement 17. Referring toFIGS. 13 and 13A ,pin tip 42 is tapered in one embodiment to ensure firm engagement intoaperture 21 to prevent debris from enteringcavity 20. This uniform metal-to-metal surface contact is maintained by the outward compression, as described below, that enclosespassageway 28 and the interior ofassembly 10. Positioned firstly within the adaptorretainer pin hole 20 is biasingelement 17 which urges theretainer pin 16 outward to insertretainer pin tip 42 intoaperture 21, thereby securing thetooth 12 firmly on theadaptor 14. In one embodiment, biasingelement 17 can be made of corrosion resistant spring material. - In
FIG. 13 , front cross-sectional views ofassembly 10 are shown withspring mechanism 17 andretainer pin 16 housed in the adaptorretainer pin cavity 20. The coupling oftooth 12 ontoadaptor 14 forces taperedtip 42 ofretainer pin 16 to travel upramp 60 thereby compressing biasingelement 17. As taperedtip 42 passes overramp crest 62, biasingelement 17 urges taperedtip 42 intoaperture 21 whentooth 12 is fully coupled toadaptor 14. - In another embodiment, biasing element can be a resilient elastomeric plug made of rubber, polyurethane or any other suitable elastomer material as known to those skilled in the art that can provide the force required to urge
retainer pin 16 toward and engageaperture 21 ontooth 12 whentooth 12 is seated onadaptor 14. In another embodiment, as shown inFIG. 13A , biasingelement 17 can be a pair ofmagnets cavity 20 such thatmagnets magnets retainer pin 16 towardaperture 21 and engage it thereby retainingtooth 12 onadaptor 14. To retractretainer pin 16 fromaperture 21, a simple tool is inserted intoaperture 21 and inward force is applied to moveretainer pin 16 back onto biasingelement 17 thereby disengagingretainer pin 16 fromaperture 21 so thattooth 12 can be removed fromadaptor 14.Retainer pin 16 is of a rigid construction and may be manufactured from steel or alloys having suitable strength, wear and corrosion resistant properties. - Referring to
FIG. 14 , a cross-sectional rear view oftooth 12 seated onadaptor 14 is shown.Flat surface 38 oftooth 12 aligns and mates withflat surface 25 ofadaptor 14.Cavity 20 aligns withaperture 21 to formpassageway 28.Adaptor 14 is sized to provide a close fit withsocket 26 oftooth 12. Withtooth 12 andadaptor 14 configured in this manner,tooth 12 is prevented from rotating onadaptor 14. - The embodiments shown herein are related to tooth and adaptor assemblies for use with dipper buckets. However, it should be obvious to those skilled in the art that the tooth and adaptor assemblies described herein can be used on a variety of heavy equipment and excavating tools. As an example, tooth and adaptor assemblies can be used on backhoes 70 (
FIG. 15 ) and excavators 72 (FIG. 16 ) in addition to mining shovel buckets or front-end loader buckets 74 (FIG. 17 ). - Other types of excavating tools include bucket wheel and chain trenchers. Bucket wheel trenchers are large diameter wheels having a plurality of buckets spaced about the circumference of the wheel. Each bucket, in turn, has a number of teeth and adaptor assembles. Bucket wheels are typically used in open-pit mining operations and to excavate pipeline trenches. An example of such a
bucket wheel 76 is shown inFIG. 18 . Chain trenchers are a different type of excavating tool as they comprise an endless chain having a plurality of tooth and adaptor assemblies attached around the chain not unlike a chainsaw. Trenchers are used to cut trenches in the ground. An example of such atrencher 78 is shown inFIG. 19 . Yet another example of excavating tools that use tooth and adaptor assemblies are cutterheads as used on dredging equipment. These cutterheads are rotary cutting devices and have the teeth and adaptor assemblies disposed about the semispherical surface of the cutterhead such that they are pointed in the direction of cutterhead rotation. An example of acutterhead 80 is shown inFIG. 20 . - Although a few preferred embodiments have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications might be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The terms and expressions used in the preceding specification have been used herein as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, it being recognized that the scope of the invention is defined and limited only by the claims that follow.
Claims (86)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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CA002551312A CA2551312A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2006-06-28 | Tooth and adaptor assembly |
CACA2551312 | 2006-06-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20080000114A1 true US20080000114A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/726,267 Abandoned US20080000114A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2007-03-21 | Tooth and adaptor assembly |
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US (1) | US20080000114A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2551312A1 (en) |
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US20090277050A1 (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2009-11-12 | Esco Corporation | Wear Assembly For Excavating Equipment |
US20100257759A1 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-10-14 | Jung-Ching Ko | Replacement and urging device for the bucket teeth of an engineering construction machine |
EP2241683A1 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-10-20 | Jung-Ching Ko | A tooth assembly for the bucket teeth of an engineering construction machine |
US20110030248A1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Charles Clendenning | Tooth assembly and related method for releasably coupling a tooth to an adapter |
US20110099862A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Esco Corporation | Wear Assembly For Excavating Equipment |
US20110099861A1 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2011-05-05 | Esco Corporation | Wear Assembly For Excavating Equipment |
EP2411587A2 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2012-02-01 | Black Cat Blades Ltd. | Fully stabilized excavator tooth attachment |
US8561326B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2013-10-22 | Black Cat Blades Ltd. | Protective wear assembly for material handling apparatus |
US8943716B2 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2015-02-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
US8943717B2 (en) | 2011-10-08 | 2015-02-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
WO2015017290A1 (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Ground engaging tool assembly |
WO2015017167A1 (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Ground engaging tool assembly |
US9057177B2 (en) | 2011-10-08 | 2015-06-16 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
US9062436B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2015-06-23 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
AU2013205320B2 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2015-10-08 | H&L Tooth Company | Multipiece wear assembly |
AU2013211524B2 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2016-03-31 | Black Cat Wear Parts Ltd. | Retrofitted excavator tooth attachment |
US9359744B2 (en) | 2009-08-05 | 2016-06-07 | H&L Tooth Company | Multipiece wear assembly |
US20160186412A1 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2016-06-30 | Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. | Metal tooth detection and locating |
KR20160147866A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2016-12-23 | 메탈로제니아 리서치 앤드 테크놀러지스 에스.엘. | Tooth and adaptor for attachment of the tooth to a working machine |
US9611625B2 (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2017-04-04 | Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. | Industrial machine component detection and performance control |
US10024034B2 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2018-07-17 | Joy Global Surface Mining Inc | Methods and systems for detecting heavy machine wear |
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US20220220710A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-07-14 | Hot Spot Holdings Pty Ltd | A securing device and removal tool for use with the securing device |
US20220275608A1 (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2022-09-01 | Komatsu Ltd. | Tooth mounting structure for bucket and tooth for bucket |
US20220341125A1 (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2022-10-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Serrated blade assembly using differently configured components |
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US20110099861A1 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2011-05-05 | Esco Corporation | Wear Assembly For Excavating Equipment |
US8578637B2 (en) | 2007-05-10 | 2013-11-12 | Esco Corporation | Wear assembly for excavating equipment |
US8061064B2 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2011-11-22 | Esco Corporation | Wear assembly for excavating equipment |
US20110232139A9 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2011-09-29 | Esco Corporation | Wear assembly for excavating equipment |
US20090277050A1 (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2009-11-12 | Esco Corporation | Wear Assembly For Excavating Equipment |
EP2411587A4 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2013-01-02 | Black Cat Blades Ltd | Fully stabilized excavator tooth attachment |
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EP2248953A1 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-11-10 | Jung-Ching Ko | Replacement and urging device for the bucket teeth of an engineering construction machine |
EP2241683A1 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-10-20 | Jung-Ching Ko | A tooth assembly for the bucket teeth of an engineering construction machine |
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CN102472037A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2012-05-23 | H&L齿公司 | Tooth assembly and related method for releasably coupling a tooth to an adapter |
US20110030248A1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Charles Clendenning | Tooth assembly and related method for releasably coupling a tooth to an adapter |
US8347530B2 (en) | 2009-08-05 | 2013-01-08 | H&L Tooth Company | Tooth assembly and related method for releasably coupling a tooth to an adapter |
AU2013205320B2 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2015-10-08 | H&L Tooth Company | Multipiece wear assembly |
AU2010281638B2 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2015-09-17 | H & L Tooth Company | Tooth assembly and related method for releasably coupling a tooth to an adapter |
WO2011016858A1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | H&L Tooth Company | Tooth assembly and related method for releasably coupling a tooth to an adapter |
AU2010319943B2 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2013-09-19 | Black Cat Wear Parts Ltd. | Retrofitted excavator tooth attachment |
KR101388847B1 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2014-04-23 | 블랙 캣 블레이즈 리미티드 | Retrofitted excavator tooth attachment |
AU2013211524B2 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2016-03-31 | Black Cat Wear Parts Ltd. | Retrofitted excavator tooth attachment |
US20110099862A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Esco Corporation | Wear Assembly For Excavating Equipment |
US8844175B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2014-09-30 | Esco Corporation | Wear assembly for excavating equipment |
US8561326B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2013-10-22 | Black Cat Blades Ltd. | Protective wear assembly for material handling apparatus |
US20160186412A1 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2016-06-30 | Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. | Metal tooth detection and locating |
US10316497B2 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2019-06-11 | Joy Global Surface Mining Inc | Metal tooth detection and locating |
US9062436B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2015-06-23 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
US9428886B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2016-08-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
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US20220220710A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-07-14 | Hot Spot Holdings Pty Ltd | A securing device and removal tool for use with the securing device |
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US20220275608A1 (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2022-09-01 | Komatsu Ltd. | Tooth mounting structure for bucket and tooth for bucket |
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