US20070259179A1 - Body armor strand structure, method and performance - Google Patents
Body armor strand structure, method and performance Download PDFInfo
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- US20070259179A1 US20070259179A1 US11/103,688 US10368805A US2007259179A1 US 20070259179 A1 US20070259179 A1 US 20070259179A1 US 10368805 A US10368805 A US 10368805A US 2007259179 A1 US2007259179 A1 US 2007259179A1
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- Prior art keywords
- elongate
- strand
- ductile
- brittle
- ceramic
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
- F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
- Y10T428/2978—Surface characteristic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
Definitions
- This invention pertains to strand-style body armor (body armor strand material, or structure), to the methods for it making, and to the armoring performance offered by the proposed structure.
- body armor be formed by extremely light-weight elongate strand structure, formed by elongate, slender strands which, effectively, are made of a unique “ductile ceramic” material, preferably based upon titanium.
- ductile ceramic preferably based upon titanium.
- These strands include brittle ceramic outside surface structure which joins through a continuous, internal, brittle/ductile transition region to a central, ductile core region.
- Various transverse cross-sectional configurations may be employed, each of which preferably defines plural elongate, sharp-angle edges that run the length of each strand.
- the proposed armor strands may be assembled for “presentation” to the path of an oncoming projectile in various ways. Two such ways are shown and described herein, one of which involves a weave of strands, and the other of which involves a fabric-contained random and chaotic jumble of short, freely mixed “strandlets”.
- the strands of this invention respond to an impacting projectile: (a) by first cutting the projectile into pieces as a consequence of projectile engagement with the sharp ceramic edges extending along the outside lengths of the strands; (b) by then undergoing ceramic fragmentation to dissipate projectile energy; and (c) by telegraphing such ceramic fragmentation through the above-mentioned brittle/ductile transition regions to the ductile cores of the strands which then deform elastically to produce further energy dissipation.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a fragment of a somewhat sinuous, square-cross-section armor strand made in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged transverse cross section of the strand shown in FIG. 1 , taken generally along the line 2 - 2 in FIG. 1 .
- FIGS. 3-8 inclusive, illustrate strand structures each having a different cross-sectional configuration which is also different from the transverse cross section of the strand pictured in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 9 provides a simplified and fragmentary view of a woven fabric, also called herein a weave, formed by strands like the strand pictured in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 10 is a view of what was referred to above as a “strandlet” which is somewhat like the strand structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 11 is a simplified view of a fragment of a prepared, jumbled mass of randomly and chaotically assembled (and appropriately contained) strandlets like the one illustrated in FIG. 10 .
- Strand 20 has a long axis 20 a , and a square-perimeter cross section, with a transverse side-length dimension D in the range of about 1 ⁇ 8- to about 1 ⁇ 4-inches.
- Strand 20 has been made by extrusion preferably from a titanium starter, or precursor, material known as TiadyneTM3510, made by ATI Wah Chang in Albany, Oreg.
- TiadyneTM3510 material known as TiadyneTM3510, made by ATI Wah Chang in Albany, Oreg.
- This principally titanium material is ductile in character, and can be prepared into different shapes and configurations by various conventional manufacturing techniques, such as casting, machining, extruding, etc.
- strand fragment 20 is shown with a curving, sinuous wave in it to illustrate the fact of its basic flexibility and ductility.
- strand 20 has been further processed, as by baking in an oven at a temperature of about 1700° F. and in an oxidizing atmosphere, or environment, for a time range typically of about 5 minutes to about 1 hour, at user's selection, depending upon the depth of surface processing desired, to create what is referred to as a brittle, ceramic surface structure 20 b of titanium dioxide. Creation of this surface structure produces an important internal structure within the strand, characterized by “blending” non-discontinuously of surface structure 20 b , through an intermediary brittle/ductile transition region, or structure, 20 c , to a central, ductile core structure 20 d which contains axis 20 a.
- strand 20 its outside surface includes plural, sharp-angular, elongate edges 20 e defined by the intersection of pairs of faces, or facial expanses, 20 f which, in the strand structure illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 , intersect at angles of about 90°.
- all such edges be defined by surface-intersection angles which are no greater that about 90°.
- FIGS. 3-8 inclusive, here, six alternative embodiments of the armor strand structure of the present invention are shown in transverse cross section. All have been processed to create the same-character internal structure described above for strand 20 .
- FIG. 3 illustrates a strand 22 having a long axis 22 a , and a generally concavely-sided, triangular, transverse cross section with three sharp edges 22 b .
- Dimension D lies typically in the range of about 1 ⁇ 8- to about 1 ⁇ 4-inches.
- FIG. 4 shows a strand, or strand body, 24 having a long axis 24 a , two planar sides 24 b , and a conversely curved, third side 24 c .
- This strand includes three sharp edges, including two which are shown at 24 d that are defined by an angle which is somewhat greater than that which defines the third edge 24 e .
- Dimension D here is typically the same as that mentioned above for strands 20 , 22 .
- FIG. 5 pictures a strand 26 which is, essentially, a “slender” version of strand 24 .
- the reference-number/character labeling here is like that used in FIG. 4 for strand 24 .
- Dimension D is the same also.
- FIG. 6 shows a strand 28 which has a diamond-shaped transverse cross section, and a long axis 28 a .
- the unlabeled four edges in this strand exhibit two different sharpnesses, as shown, with the upper and lower edges in the figure being defined each by an angle which is less than 90°, and the two “lateral” edges being defined by an angle which is slightly greater than 90°.
- FIG. 7 shows a strand 30 having a long axis 30 a .
- Strand 30 is, essentially, a concavely-sided version of previously described strand 20 .
- FIG. 8 pictures a strand 32 which has a long axis 32 a , and which is effectively, a planar-sided version of previously described strand 22 .
- FIG. 9 a fragment of a woven, protective-armor fabric, or fabric weave, which has been made from sets 34 a , 34 b , of angularly “crossing” armor strands, or strand bodies, drawn from any one (or a mix) of the various armor strand versions previously described and illustrated herein.
- the strands employed in fabric 34 are woven in such a fashion that, predominately, at least one of the broad “faces” of this fabric (such as the one facing the viewer in FIG. 9 ) is defined chiefly by sharp edges in the associated strands.
- a second consideration for the construction of fabric 34 is that the open spaces, such as space 34 c in the fabric, be dimensioned (A) so that the sharp edges in the four armor strands which define this space are close enough together to be certain to engage the smallest-size impacting projectile (such as a bullet) which is anticipated may strike the fabric.
- Multiple layers of woven fabric may, of course, be used for protection, if desired.
- This ceramic fragmentation acts instantly to dissipate the energies of the now cut projectile pieces, and fragmentation events are telegraphed through the associated brittle/ductile transition regions in the involved strands, where what next occurs is non-fragmentary ductile yielding, and thus further energy dissipating furnished by the associated ductile strand core regions.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 collectively illustrate the structure and use of yet another implementation of the present invention.
- Shown at 36 in FIG. 10 is a short-length armor strand which is, other than for length L, substantially the same as earlier discussed strand 20 .
- Short strand 36 referred to herein as a strandlet, has a long axis 36 a , and a square-perimeter cross section with a transverse side length D which resides typically in the same dimensional range mentioned above for strand 20 .
- dimension L lies in the range of about 2- to 8-times dimension D.
- D 1 ⁇ 8-inches
- L about 1 ⁇ 4-inches to about 1-inch.
- Strandlet 36 has been processed as described for strand 20 so that it has a brittle, ceramic, four-cornered outside surface which joins through a brittle/ductile transition region to a ductile core region adjacent axis 36 a.
- strandlets 36 in mass 38 are contained in a fabric, or fabric container structure, 40 which is made to be like above-discussed fabric 34 .
- mass 38 is contained within what is referred to herein as a fillable reception zone 40 a within fabric 40 .
- Such an arrangement produces a daunting barrier to an attacking projectile. Impacting projectiles are cut into many pieces instantly upon impact. These pieces engage a dense thicket of “ready and available” ceramic fragmentation surfaces, each of which presents additional hardened cutting edges and fragmentation surfaces, all backed up, so-to-speak, by ductile response cores in the actively engaged strandlets.
- a novel strand-form body armor material a method for making it, a method utilizing it to disable an impacting projectile, and a unique response-performance provided by it for defeating an impacting projectile.
- the strand material of the invention includes (a) a strand body possessing an elongate brittle ceramic surface structure, (b) an elongate ductile core structure disposed within that surface structure, and (c) elongate brittle/ductile transition structure operatively interposed and joining the surface and core structures.
- This strand material may be employed, for examples, as a random mass of short strandlets deployed in a suitable container, and as a woven fabric structure formed from long stretches of the strand material.
- the method utilizing the strand material for disabling an impacting projectile includes the steps of preparing a defined mass of elongate ceramic-surfaced, ductile-cored strand elements, each including, along the outside of its length, elongate, sharp-angular edges, and placing that mass in the impact path of such a projectile in a manner whereby edges in the strands face the projectile impact path.
- the response performance of the strand material includes using fragmentation of the surface-hardened ceramic material to dissipate energy, cutting an impacting projectile into fragments and deflecting those fragments, and telegraphing fragmentation of the ceramic material through a brittle/ductile region in the strand material to a ductile core-region wherein resulting deformation of this core region further dissipates projectile energy
Abstract
Description
- This invention pertains to strand-style body armor (body armor strand material, or structure), to the methods for it making, and to the armoring performance offered by the proposed structure.
- There is a pronounced effort currently underway to develop extremely light-weight body armor which can defeat dangerous projectiles, such as bullets. The present invention addresses this issue in a quite effective and non-intuitive manner by proposing that body armor be formed by extremely light-weight elongate strand structure, formed by elongate, slender strands which, effectively, are made of a unique “ductile ceramic” material, preferably based upon titanium. These strands include brittle ceramic outside surface structure which joins through a continuous, internal, brittle/ductile transition region to a central, ductile core region. Various transverse cross-sectional configurations may be employed, each of which preferably defines plural elongate, sharp-angle edges that run the length of each strand. Several of these configurations are illustrated and described herein.
- As will be seen, the proposed armor strands may be assembled for “presentation” to the path of an oncoming projectile in various ways. Two such ways are shown and described herein, one of which involves a weave of strands, and the other of which involves a fabric-contained random and chaotic jumble of short, freely mixed “strandlets”.
- The strands of this invention respond to an impacting projectile: (a) by first cutting the projectile into pieces as a consequence of projectile engagement with the sharp ceramic edges extending along the outside lengths of the strands; (b) by then undergoing ceramic fragmentation to dissipate projectile energy; and (c) by telegraphing such ceramic fragmentation through the above-mentioned brittle/ductile transition regions to the ductile cores of the strands which then deform elastically to produce further energy dissipation.
- Various other features and advantages of the invention will become more fully apparent as the detailed description below is read in conjunction with the drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a fragment of a somewhat sinuous, square-cross-section armor strand made in accordance with the invention. -
FIG. 2 is an enlarged transverse cross section of the strand shown inFIG. 1 , taken generally along the line 2-2 inFIG. 1 . -
FIGS. 3-8 , inclusive, illustrate strand structures each having a different cross-sectional configuration which is also different from the transverse cross section of the strand pictured inFIGS. 1 and 2 . -
FIG. 9 provides a simplified and fragmentary view of a woven fabric, also called herein a weave, formed by strands like the strand pictured inFIGS. 1 and 2 . -
FIG. 10 is a view of what was referred to above as a “strandlet” which is somewhat like the strand structure shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 . -
FIG. 11 is a simplified view of a fragment of a prepared, jumbled mass of randomly and chaotically assembled (and appropriately contained) strandlets like the one illustrated inFIG. 10 . - Turning now to the drawings, and beginning with a look at
FIGS. 1 and 2 , indicated generally at 20 is a fragment of an elongate armor strand, or strand body, which has been made, and which performs, in accordance with a preferred and best mode embodiment of, and manner of practicing, the present invention.Strand 20 has a long axis 20 a, and a square-perimeter cross section, with a transverse side-length dimension D in the range of about ⅛- to about ¼-inches. - Strand 20 has been made by extrusion preferably from a titanium starter, or precursor, material known as Tiadyne™3510, made by ATI Wah Chang in Albany, Oreg. This principally titanium material is ductile in character, and can be prepared into different shapes and configurations by various conventional manufacturing techniques, such as casting, machining, extruding, etc. In
FIG. 1 ,strand fragment 20 is shown with a curving, sinuous wave in it to illustrate the fact of its basic flexibility and ductility. - In accordance with the invention, however,
strand 20 has been further processed, as by baking in an oven at a temperature of about 1700° F. and in an oxidizing atmosphere, or environment, for a time range typically of about 5 minutes to about 1 hour, at user's selection, depending upon the depth of surface processing desired, to create what is referred to as a brittle,ceramic surface structure 20 b of titanium dioxide. Creation of this surface structure produces an important internal structure within the strand, characterized by “blending” non-discontinuously ofsurface structure 20 b, through an intermediary brittle/ductile transition region, or structure, 20 c, to a central,ductile core structure 20 d which contains axis 20 a. - Important to note in the structure of
strand 20 is that its outside surface includes plural, sharp-angular,elongate edges 20 e defined by the intersection of pairs of faces, or facial expanses, 20 f which, in the strand structure illustrated inFIGS. 1 and 2 , intersect at angles of about 90°. In all versions, or modifications, of armor strand structure made in accordance with the present invention, it is preferable that, though not absolutely necessary, all such edges be defined by surface-intersection angles which are no greater that about 90°. Where all strand edges do not meet this criterion, and one version of the strand structure of this invention is illustrated and described herein in this status (seeFIG. 6 ), it is important that some strand edges do meet this criterion. Such is true for the just briefly mentionedFIG. 6 modification of the invention. - Turning attention now to
FIGS. 3-8 , inclusive, here, six alternative embodiments of the armor strand structure of the present invention are shown in transverse cross section. All have been processed to create the same-character internal structure described above forstrand 20. -
FIG. 3 illustrates astrand 22 having a long axis 22 a, and a generally concavely-sided, triangular, transverse cross section with threesharp edges 22 b. Dimension D here lies typically in the range of about ⅛- to about ¼-inches. -
FIG. 4 shows a strand, or strand body, 24 having along axis 24 a, twoplanar sides 24 b, and a conversely curved, third side 24 c. This strand includes three sharp edges, including two which are shown at 24 d that are defined by an angle which is somewhat greater than that which defines thethird edge 24 e. Dimension D here is typically the same as that mentioned above forstrands -
FIG. 5 pictures astrand 26 which is, essentially, a “slender” version ofstrand 24. The reference-number/character labeling here is like that used inFIG. 4 forstrand 24. Dimension D is the same also. -
FIG. 6 shows astrand 28 which has a diamond-shaped transverse cross section, and a long axis 28 a. The unlabeled four edges in this strand exhibit two different sharpnesses, as shown, with the upper and lower edges in the figure being defined each by an angle which is less than 90°, and the two “lateral” edges being defined by an angle which is slightly greater than 90°. -
FIG. 7 shows astrand 30 having a long axis 30 a.Strand 30 is, essentially, a concavely-sided version of previously describedstrand 20. -
FIG. 8 pictures astrand 32 which has a long axis 32 a, and which is effectively, a planar-sided version of previously describedstrand 22. - With attention now directed to
FIG. 9 along withFIGS. 1-8 , inclusive, here there is shown at 34 a fragment of a woven, protective-armor fabric, or fabric weave, which has been made fromsets 34 a, 34 b, of angularly “crossing” armor strands, or strand bodies, drawn from any one (or a mix) of the various armor strand versions previously described and illustrated herein. Preferably, the strands employed infabric 34 are woven in such a fashion that, predominately, at least one of the broad “faces” of this fabric (such as the one facing the viewer inFIG. 9 ) is defined chiefly by sharp edges in the associated strands. A second consideration for the construction offabric 34 is that the open spaces, such as space 34 c in the fabric, be dimensioned (A) so that the sharp edges in the four armor strands which define this space are close enough together to be certain to engage the smallest-size impacting projectile (such as a bullet) which is anticipated may strike the fabric. Multiple layers of woven fabric may, of course, be used for protection, if desired. - With a fabric like
fabric 34 properly created to produce what is referred to herein as a mass of elongate armor strand elements, and with its broad impact face and the associated sharp edges ofstands 34 a, 34 b, facing the path of an incoming attack projectile, upon impact of that projectile the brittle, ceramic, sharp edges cut the projectile into pieces, with these pieces engaging and plastically fragmenting the outside surfaces of many adjacent strands. This ceramic fragmentation acts instantly to dissipate the energies of the now cut projectile pieces, and fragmentation events are telegraphed through the associated brittle/ductile transition regions in the involved strands, where what next occurs is non-fragmentary ductile yielding, and thus further energy dissipating furnished by the associated ductile strand core regions. - Thus, instead of a projectile being met by a single (one-time only) fragmentable energy dissipating structure, that projectile is divided by cutting it into many pieces, whose individual trajectories aim them for impact to a rich field of yet unfragmented, and thus available hardened ceramic fragmentation surfaces, additional cutting edges, and additional ductile yield responses. This is especially the case where fully assembled protective armor is formed of plural “stacked” fabric layers.
-
FIGS. 10 and 11 collectively illustrate the structure and use of yet another implementation of the present invention. Shown at 36 inFIG. 10 is a short-length armor strand which is, other than for length L, substantially the same as earlier discussedstrand 20.Short strand 36, referred to herein as a strandlet, has a long axis 36 a, and a square-perimeter cross section with a transverse side length D which resides typically in the same dimensional range mentioned above forstrand 20. Preferably, dimension L lies in the range of about 2- to 8-times dimension D. Thus, where D=⅛-inches, L about ¼-inches to about 1-inch. InFIG. 10 , D=⅛-inches and L=1-inch. - Strandlet 36 has been processed as described for
strand 20 so that it has a brittle, ceramic, four-cornered outside surface which joins through a brittle/ductile transition region to a ductile core region adjacent axis 36 a. - When assembled into a fully ready body armor structure, a large mass of
strandlets 36 are appropriately gathered into what is referred to herein as a random, chaotic jumble, such as that shown at 38 inFIG. 11 . Preferably,strandlets 36 inmass 38 are contained in a fabric, or fabric container structure, 40 which is made to be like above-discussedfabric 34. Specifically,mass 38 is contained within what is referred to herein as a fillable reception zone 40 a withinfabric 40. Such an arrangement produces a formidable barrier to an attacking projectile. Impacting projectiles are cut into many pieces instantly upon impact. These pieces engage a dense thicket of “ready and available” ceramic fragmentation surfaces, each of which presents additional hardened cutting edges and fragmentation surfaces, all backed up, so-to-speak, by ductile response cores in the actively engaged strandlets. - Thus, disclosed herein are a novel strand-form body armor material, a method for making it, a method utilizing it to disable an impacting projectile, and a unique response-performance provided by it for defeating an impacting projectile.
- The strand material of the invention includes (a) a strand body possessing an elongate brittle ceramic surface structure, (b) an elongate ductile core structure disposed within that surface structure, and (c) elongate brittle/ductile transition structure operatively interposed and joining the surface and core structures. This strand material may be employed, for examples, as a random mass of short strandlets deployed in a suitable container, and as a woven fabric structure formed from long stretches of the strand material.
- The method utilizing the strand material for disabling an impacting projectile includes the steps of preparing a defined mass of elongate ceramic-surfaced, ductile-cored strand elements, each including, along the outside of its length, elongate, sharp-angular edges, and placing that mass in the impact path of such a projectile in a manner whereby edges in the strands face the projectile impact path.
- The response performance of the strand material includes using fragmentation of the surface-hardened ceramic material to dissipate energy, cutting an impacting projectile into fragments and deflecting those fragments, and telegraphing fragmentation of the ceramic material through a brittle/ductile region in the strand material to a ductile core-region wherein resulting deformation of this core region further dissipates projectile energy
- From the description and illustrations provided herein, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all such variations and modifications are intended to come within the scopes of the claims herein.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (3)
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US11/787,505 US20120174744A1 (en) | 2005-04-12 | 2007-04-16 | Body armor strand-structure methodology |
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Cited By (1)
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US20200041231A1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | Sdl Technology Co., Ltd. | Full-coverage bulletproof backpack |
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USD628753S1 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2010-12-07 | Soldier Technology and Armor Research Industries, LLC | Forearm protection system |
USD638583S1 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2011-05-24 | Soldier Technology and Armor Research Industries, LLC | Torso protection assembly |
USD630385S1 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2011-01-04 | Soldier Technology and Armor Research Industries, LLC | Shin guard protection system |
USD644380S1 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2011-08-30 | Soldier Technology and Armor Research Industries, LLC | Upper arm protection system |
US20110231985A1 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-09-29 | Bishop Lyman J | Body Armor Protection System |
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US20200041231A1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | Sdl Technology Co., Ltd. | Full-coverage bulletproof backpack |
US10697735B2 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-06-30 | Sdl Technology Co., Ltd. | Full-coverage bulletproof backpack |
Also Published As
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US20120174744A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
US7282462B1 (en) | 2007-10-16 |
WO2006118580A2 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
WO2006118580A3 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
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