US20060066298A1 - System, method, and apparatus for use of micro coils within a single slider test nest - Google Patents
System, method, and apparatus for use of micro coils within a single slider test nest Download PDFInfo
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- US20060066298A1 US20060066298A1 US10/954,855 US95485504A US2006066298A1 US 20060066298 A1 US20060066298 A1 US 20060066298A1 US 95485504 A US95485504 A US 95485504A US 2006066298 A1 US2006066298 A1 US 2006066298A1
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- workpiece
- nest
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- test element
- slider
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/455—Arrangements for functional testing of heads; Measuring arrangements for heads
- G11B5/4555—Arrangements for functional testing of heads; Measuring arrangements for heads by using a spin-stand, i.e. a spinning disc or simulator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/455—Arrangements for functional testing of heads; Measuring arrangements for heads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B2005/0002—Special dispositions or recording techniques
- G11B2005/0005—Arrangements, methods or circuits
- G11B2005/001—Controlling recording characteristics of record carriers or transducing characteristics of transducers by means not being part of their structure
- G11B2005/0013—Controlling recording characteristics of record carriers or transducing characteristics of transducers by means not being part of their structure of transducers, e.g. linearisation, equalisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B2005/0002—Special dispositions or recording techniques
- G11B2005/0026—Pulse recording
- G11B2005/0029—Pulse recording using magnetisation components of the recording layer disposed mainly perpendicularly to the record carrier surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to improved testing during single slider processing and, in particular, to an improved system, method, and apparatus for using micro coils within a test nest for testing individual sliders.
- Data access and storage systems generally comprise one or more storage devices that store data on magnetic or optical storage media.
- a magnetic storage device is known as a direct access storage device (DASD) or a hard disk drive (HDD) and includes one or more disks and a disk controller to manage local operations concerning the disks.
- the hard disks themselves are usually made of aluminum alloy or a mixture of glass and ceramic, and are covered with a magnetic coating.
- one to five disks are stacked vertically on a common spindle that is turned by a disk drive motor at several thousand revolutions per minute (rpm).
- Hard disk drives have several different typical standard sizes or formats, including server, desktop, mobile (2.5 and 1.8 inches) and microdrive.
- a typical HDD also uses an actuator assembly to move magnetic read/write heads to the desired location on the rotating disk so as to write information to or read data from that location.
- the magnetic read/write head is mounted on a slider.
- a slider generally serves to mechanically support the head and any electrical connections between the head and the rest of the disk drive system.
- the slider is aerodynamically shaped to glide over moving air in order to maintain a uniform distance from the surface of the rotating disk, thereby preventing the head from undesirably contacting the disk.
- a slider is typically formed with an aerodynamic pattern of protrusions on its air bearing surface (ABS) that enables the slider to fly at a constant height close to the disk during operation of the disk drive.
- ABS air bearing surface
- a slider is associated with each side of each disk and flies just over the disk's surface.
- Each slider is mounted on a suspension to form a head gimbal assembly (HGA).
- HGA head gimbal assembly
- the HGA is then attached to a semi-rigid actuator arm that supports the entire head flying unit.
- Several semi-rigid arms may be combined to form a single movable unit having either a linear bearing or a rotary pivotal bearing system.
- the head and arm assembly is linearly or pivotally moved utilizing a magnet/coil structure that is often called a voice coil motor (VCM).
- VCM voice coil motor
- the stator of a VCM is mounted to a base plate or casting on which the spindle is also mounted.
- the base casting with its spindle, actuator VCM, and internal filtration system is then enclosed with a cover and seal assembly to ensure that no contaminants can enter and adversely affect the reliability of the slider flying over the disk.
- the VCM develops force or torque that is substantially proportional to the applied current.
- the arm acceleration is therefore substantially proportional to the magnitude of the current.
- a reverse polarity signal is applied to the actuator, causing the signal to act as a brake, and ideally causing the read/write head to stop and settle directly over the desired track.
- test nest In single slider quasi testing, there is a small, precisely machined test nest into which each slider is placed. This test nest is used to make electrical contact with the slider pads thereby allowing electrical tests to be performed on the slider.
- the test nest is fabricated to contain a micro pickup coil that is positioned to be able to detect flux from the write element of the slider. Such a design gives the micro pickup coil repeatable and controllable positioning with respect to the write element.
- the coil can also be used to generate fields at high frequency that can be detected using the write coil as a pick-up device. This technique also allows local magnetic fields to be applied to the read element. Its small size allows excitation of the read element at higher frequencies than are currently achievable today.
- the present invention may be embodied as one or more coils, an array of coils, an array of loops, or an array of wires. These designs are lithographically defined and integrated into the test nest used on single slider testers. This technique is especially useful for perpendicular heads where the magnetic write flux is less confined close to the pole tip, and for controlling cross-talk between source and detector. The low inductance of these designs allows them to be driven at high frequencies. Their position within the test nest ensures good heat sinking and enables large current pulses to be employed.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of one embodiment of a test device and system constructed in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the test device and system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a top view of alternate embodiments of coil patterns employed by the test device and system of FIG. 1 .
- the present invention 11 is well suited for testing individual sliders 13 , such as hard disk drive sliders, for magnetic data storage and retrieval devices.
- the invention is designed to assess the write efficiency of a write element of the slider 13 without flying the slider on a disk.
- the sliders 13 are generally rectangular, block-like shapes having read elements and write elements for reading data from and writing data to, respectively, a magnetic storage media disk.
- Each slider 13 defines x, y, and z-directions, as shown in the appended figures.
- a test device 15 of the present invention has a body 17 , and a nest 19 that is formed in the body 17 .
- the nest 19 may be provided with a rectangular, block-like shape to better accommodate the congruent shape of the slider 13 .
- the nest 19 has a reference corner 21 that precisely aligns the workpiece or slider 13 with respect to the nest 19 in all of the x, y, and z-directions.
- the reference corner 21 aligns the slider 13 within ⁇ 5 ⁇ m (or less, such as +/1 ⁇ m) of a desired alignment with respect to a test element 23 (described below) in all of the x, y, and z-directions.
- the purpose of the test nest is to firmly hold and locate the slider to allow electrical contact to be made with the slider via contact pads on the slider body. Electrical contact is made with both the read and write elements.
- the test element 23 is formed in the body 17 , preferably directly beneath the nest 19 .
- the test element 23 is precisely located adjacent the reference corner 21 for testing the slider 13 when the slider 13 is mounted in the nest 19 and precisely aligned with respect to the reference corner 21 .
- the test element 23 couples with and tests the slider 13 with a high frequency magnetic test field and also detects stray magnetic flux from a write element of the slider 13 .
- the test element 23 may comprise one or more of many different forms.
- the test element 23 may comprise one or more coils, an array of coils, an array of loops, or an array of wires having a variety of different geometries.
- the test element 23 may be formed as a patterned copper layer (e.g., by lithography) or by other methods and materials.
- the test element 23 has 1 ⁇ m traces at a spacing of 1.5 ⁇ m for conducting approximately 50 mA (e.g., via source 24 ) to produce a magnetic field of approximately 200 Oe.
- an evacuated hole 25 is formed in the body 17 and extends to the nest 19 for securing the slider 13 in the nest 19 via a vacuum 27 during testing or operation.
- a wear layer 31 may be formed in the nest 19 between the slider 13 and the test element 23 for protecting the test element 23 from wear.
- the wear layer 31 may cover the entire lower surface of the nest 19 or just a portion of it.
- the wear layer 31 is formed from Al 2 O 3 and has a thickness of no more than 1 ⁇ m.
- the present invention may further comprise a heat sink substrate 33 formed in the body 17 adjacent the test element 23 but opposite the nest 19 as shown for cooling the body 17 , the test element 23 , and the slider 13 in operation.
- the body is formed from a ceramic or stainless steel
- the test element 23 is copper
- the heat sink substrate 33 is silicon.
- the heat sink substrate 33 may be larger than the nest 19 .
- the test nest also is part of a system also used to perform various electrical measurements on both the read and write elements on the slider 13 .
- electrical resistance and amplitude (change in resistance due to applied magnetic field) and noise are measured on the read element of slider 13
- resistance is measure on the write element of slider 13 .
- the test element 23 extends the measurement system by: (1) detecting the flux generated by the write head when high frequency AC current is applied to the test element 23 ; and (2) detecting the voltage induced due to AC flux locally generated in the lithographically-designed coils in the test device 15 .
- the test element 23 extends the test capability on the read element of the slider 13 by testing high frequency response (amplitude, asymmetry), which may be measured due to AC flux locally generated in the coils below test nest.
- test nest itself may be used as a vehicle to more conveniently position the slider within a much larger test apparatus.
- the tests done are so-called “quasi-static” tests and use relatively large external coil to generate magnetic field. Only the read and write elements on the slider are tested.
- the electrical contacts utilized may comprise needle-type probes that are pushed into contact with contact pads on the slider.
- the test device may or may not contain any probes, but allows the slider to be moved in a precise manner and to bring the pads on the slider in contact with the probes. Probes may be contained within the test device with the assistance of an additional mechanism to push the slider against them.
- An alternative to needle probes, are pads on a flex circuit that match those on the slider. Alternatively, these new tests may be performed independently of the regular electrical and magnetic quasi-static measurements.
- the present invention has several advantages, including the ability to give the coil repeatable and controllable positioning with respect to the write element.
- the small size and low inductance of the coil allows excitation at higher frequencies that are currently achievable today.
- the position of the coil within the nest ensures good heat sinking and enables large current pulses to be employed.
- the very precise alignment gives good control of cross-talk between source and detector. This technique is especially useful for perpendicular heads where the magnetic write flux is less confined close to the pole tip.
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- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1. Technical Field
- The present invention relates in general to improved testing during single slider processing and, in particular, to an improved system, method, and apparatus for using micro coils within a test nest for testing individual sliders.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Data access and storage systems generally comprise one or more storage devices that store data on magnetic or optical storage media. For example, a magnetic storage device is known as a direct access storage device (DASD) or a hard disk drive (HDD) and includes one or more disks and a disk controller to manage local operations concerning the disks. The hard disks themselves are usually made of aluminum alloy or a mixture of glass and ceramic, and are covered with a magnetic coating. Typically, one to five disks are stacked vertically on a common spindle that is turned by a disk drive motor at several thousand revolutions per minute (rpm). Hard disk drives have several different typical standard sizes or formats, including server, desktop, mobile (2.5 and 1.8 inches) and microdrive.
- A typical HDD also uses an actuator assembly to move magnetic read/write heads to the desired location on the rotating disk so as to write information to or read data from that location. Within most HDDs, the magnetic read/write head is mounted on a slider. A slider generally serves to mechanically support the head and any electrical connections between the head and the rest of the disk drive system. The slider is aerodynamically shaped to glide over moving air in order to maintain a uniform distance from the surface of the rotating disk, thereby preventing the head from undesirably contacting the disk.
- A slider is typically formed with an aerodynamic pattern of protrusions on its air bearing surface (ABS) that enables the slider to fly at a constant height close to the disk during operation of the disk drive. A slider is associated with each side of each disk and flies just over the disk's surface. Each slider is mounted on a suspension to form a head gimbal assembly (HGA). The HGA is then attached to a semi-rigid actuator arm that supports the entire head flying unit. Several semi-rigid arms may be combined to form a single movable unit having either a linear bearing or a rotary pivotal bearing system.
- The head and arm assembly is linearly or pivotally moved utilizing a magnet/coil structure that is often called a voice coil motor (VCM). The stator of a VCM is mounted to a base plate or casting on which the spindle is also mounted. The base casting with its spindle, actuator VCM, and internal filtration system is then enclosed with a cover and seal assembly to ensure that no contaminants can enter and adversely affect the reliability of the slider flying over the disk. When current is fed to the motor, the VCM develops force or torque that is substantially proportional to the applied current. The arm acceleration is therefore substantially proportional to the magnitude of the current. As the read/write head approaches a desired track, a reverse polarity signal is applied to the actuator, causing the signal to act as a brake, and ideally causing the read/write head to stop and settle directly over the desired track.
- There have been many attempts to detect magnetic flux from slider write heads in order to determine and assess (i.e., characterize) the write efficiency of a head without actually having to fly it on a disk. Many of such attempts involve the use of a pickup coil placed close to the write element. The results from these measurements are extremely sensitive to the detailed placement of the coil, and to extraneous pickup in the rest of the wiring. In particular, these prior art designs have all had problems with positioning of the coil and control of cross-talk between source and detector. Because of these shortcomings, they are unsuitable for manufacturing testing. Thus, an improved system for detecting magnetic flux in write heads for the previously described purposes would be desirable.
- In single slider quasi testing, there is a small, precisely machined test nest into which each slider is placed. This test nest is used to make electrical contact with the slider pads thereby allowing electrical tests to be performed on the slider. In one embodiment of the present invention, the test nest is fabricated to contain a micro pickup coil that is positioned to be able to detect flux from the write element of the slider. Such a design gives the micro pickup coil repeatable and controllable positioning with respect to the write element. The coil can also be used to generate fields at high frequency that can be detected using the write coil as a pick-up device. This technique also allows local magnetic fields to be applied to the read element. Its small size allows excitation of the read element at higher frequencies than are currently achievable today.
- The present invention may be embodied as one or more coils, an array of coils, an array of loops, or an array of wires. These designs are lithographically defined and integrated into the test nest used on single slider testers. This technique is especially useful for perpendicular heads where the magnetic write flux is less confined close to the pole tip, and for controlling cross-talk between source and detector. The low inductance of these designs allows them to be driven at high frequencies. Their position within the test nest ensures good heat sinking and enables large current pulses to be employed.
- The foregoing and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, in view of the following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the appended claims and the accompanying drawings.
- So that the manner in which the features and advantages of the invention, as well as others which will become apparent are attained and can be understood in more detail, more particular description of the invention briefly summarized above may be had by reference to the embodiment thereof which is illustrated in the appended drawings, which drawings form a part of this specification. It is to be noted, however, that the drawings illustrate only an embodiment of the invention and therefore are not to be considered limiting of its scope as the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
-
FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of one embodiment of a test device and system constructed in accordance with the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a top view of the test device and system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a top view of alternate embodiments of coil patterns employed by the test device and system ofFIG. 1 . - Referring to
FIGS. 1-3 , one embodiment of a system, method, and apparatus for testing a workpiece is shown. Thepresent invention 11 is well suited for testingindividual sliders 13, such as hard disk drive sliders, for magnetic data storage and retrieval devices. The invention is designed to assess the write efficiency of a write element of theslider 13 without flying the slider on a disk. Thesliders 13 are generally rectangular, block-like shapes having read elements and write elements for reading data from and writing data to, respectively, a magnetic storage media disk. Eachslider 13 defines x, y, and z-directions, as shown in the appended figures. - A
test device 15 of the present invention has abody 17, and anest 19 that is formed in thebody 17. Like theslider 13, thenest 19 may be provided with a rectangular, block-like shape to better accommodate the congruent shape of theslider 13. Thenest 19 has areference corner 21 that precisely aligns the workpiece orslider 13 with respect to thenest 19 in all of the x, y, and z-directions. In one embodiment, thereference corner 21 aligns theslider 13 within ±5 μm (or less, such as +/1 μm) of a desired alignment with respect to a test element 23 (described below) in all of the x, y, and z-directions. The purpose of the test nest is to firmly hold and locate the slider to allow electrical contact to be made with the slider via contact pads on the slider body. Electrical contact is made with both the read and write elements. - The
test element 23 is formed in thebody 17, preferably directly beneath thenest 19. Thetest element 23 is precisely located adjacent thereference corner 21 for testing theslider 13 when theslider 13 is mounted in thenest 19 and precisely aligned with respect to thereference corner 21. Thetest element 23 couples with and tests theslider 13 with a high frequency magnetic test field and also detects stray magnetic flux from a write element of theslider 13. - The
test element 23 may comprise one or more of many different forms. For example, as shown inFIG. 3 , thetest element 23 may comprise one or more coils, an array of coils, an array of loops, or an array of wires having a variety of different geometries. Thetest element 23 may be formed as a patterned copper layer (e.g., by lithography) or by other methods and materials. In one embodiment, thetest element 23 has 1 μm traces at a spacing of 1.5 μm for conducting approximately 50 mA (e.g., via source 24) to produce a magnetic field of approximately 200 Oe. - In one embodiment, an evacuated
hole 25 is formed in thebody 17 and extends to thenest 19 for securing theslider 13 in thenest 19 via avacuum 27 during testing or operation. In addition, awear layer 31 may be formed in thenest 19 between theslider 13 and thetest element 23 for protecting thetest element 23 from wear. Thewear layer 31 may cover the entire lower surface of thenest 19 or just a portion of it. In one version, thewear layer 31 is formed from Al2O3 and has a thickness of no more than 1 μm. - The present invention may further comprise a
heat sink substrate 33 formed in thebody 17 adjacent thetest element 23 but opposite thenest 19 as shown for cooling thebody 17, thetest element 23, and theslider 13 in operation. In one embodiment, the body is formed from a ceramic or stainless steel, thetest element 23 is copper, and theheat sink substrate 33 is silicon. As shown inFIG. 1 , theheat sink substrate 33 may be larger than thenest 19. - The test nest also is part of a system also used to perform various electrical measurements on both the read and write elements on the
slider 13. Usually, electrical resistance and amplitude (change in resistance due to applied magnetic field) and noise are measured on the read element ofslider 13, and resistance is measure on the write element ofslider 13. Thetest element 23 extends the measurement system by: (1) detecting the flux generated by the write head when high frequency AC current is applied to thetest element 23; and (2) detecting the voltage induced due to AC flux locally generated in the lithographically-designed coils in thetest device 15. Thetest element 23 extends the test capability on the read element of theslider 13 by testing high frequency response (amplitude, asymmetry), which may be measured due to AC flux locally generated in the coils below test nest. This requires (a) electrical contact to be made to the write head on the slider; and/or (b) electrical contact to be made to the MR read head on the slider. Thus, the test nest itself may be used as a vehicle to more conveniently position the slider within a much larger test apparatus. The tests done are so-called “quasi-static” tests and use relatively large external coil to generate magnetic field. Only the read and write elements on the slider are tested. - The electrical contacts utilized may comprise needle-type probes that are pushed into contact with contact pads on the slider. The test device may or may not contain any probes, but allows the slider to be moved in a precise manner and to bring the pads on the slider in contact with the probes. Probes may be contained within the test device with the assistance of an additional mechanism to push the slider against them. An alternative to needle probes, are pads on a flex circuit that match those on the slider. Alternatively, these new tests may be performed independently of the regular electrical and magnetic quasi-static measurements.
- The present invention has several advantages, including the ability to give the coil repeatable and controllable positioning with respect to the write element. The small size and low inductance of the coil allows excitation at higher frequencies that are currently achievable today. The position of the coil within the nest ensures good heat sinking and enables large current pulses to be employed. The very precise alignment gives good control of cross-talk between source and detector. This technique is especially useful for perpendicular heads where the magnetic write flux is less confined close to the pole tip.
- While the invention has been shown or described in only some of its forms, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible to various changes without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (22)
Priority Applications (1)
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US10/954,855 US7368905B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | System, method, and apparatus for use of micro coils within a single slider test nest |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/954,855 US7368905B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | System, method, and apparatus for use of micro coils within a single slider test nest |
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US20060066298A1 true US20060066298A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
US7368905B2 US7368905B2 (en) | 2008-05-06 |
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US10/954,855 Expired - Fee Related US7368905B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | System, method, and apparatus for use of micro coils within a single slider test nest |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070046286A1 (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-01 | Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V. | Magnetic head tester and method of manufacturing magnetic disk drive |
US20110095773A1 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-04-28 | Nec Corporation | cooling structure for a test device, and a method for testing a device |
US20120127605A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | Xyratex Technology Limited | Method and device for mapping the magnetic field or magnetic field sensitivity of a recording head |
US20120268112A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-10-25 | Xyratex Technology Limited | Magnetic sensor and a method and device for mapping the magnetic field or magnetic field sensitivity of a recording head |
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JP5271597B2 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2013-08-21 | 日本発條株式会社 | Slider testing machine |
US8089730B1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2012-01-03 | Western Digital (Fremont), Llc | Suspension assembly having a read head clamp |
US8514522B1 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2013-08-20 | Western Digital (Fremont), Llc | Systems for interconnecting magnetic heads of storage devices in a test assembly |
US9337613B1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2016-05-10 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Chip on submount carrier fixture |
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US20120127605A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | Xyratex Technology Limited | Method and device for mapping the magnetic field or magnetic field sensitivity of a recording head |
US20120268112A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-10-25 | Xyratex Technology Limited | Magnetic sensor and a method and device for mapping the magnetic field or magnetic field sensitivity of a recording head |
US9837108B2 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2017-12-05 | Seagate Technology Llc | Magnetic sensor and a method and device for mapping the magnetic field or magnetic field sensitivity of a recording head |
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