US2004346A - Oil burning apparatus - Google Patents

Description

H. F. RODLER oIL BURNING Jne 1I, 1935.

Filed Nov. 1. 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOGRf 2 @f ATroRNEY Patented June 1l, 1935 PATENT ori-ICE l 2.0045446 on. BURNING Arranarns Hilmer F. Rodler, Woodcliff, N. J., assignor, by

direct and mesne assignments, to Oil 'Equipment Laboratories, Inc.,l a corporation of New Jersey Application November 1, 1932, Serial No. 640,596 2 claims. (criss-11) This invention relates to oil burning apparatus for household heating purposes, and more particularly to means for enabling the installation of an oil burning device in furnaces of any size without in any way affecting the efficiency of the oil burningdevice.

As is well known, it is the common practice to "install oil burning devices in household furnaces which were designed for the burning of coal and similar fuels. Inasmuch as such` furnaces vary considerably in size, it is obvious that each installation of an oil burning device has to be designed to accommodate the particular furnace in which it is installed; with the result that it has, heretofore been impracticable to provide an oil burning ldevice of standard structure which will operate `efficiently in all furnaces. I

' 'Also, oil burning devices heretofore produced have been objectionable inthat oil conducting parts of such devices are overheated, that is, heated above the cracking point of the oil. before the oil is properly vaporized or gasied and i8- nited, resulting in excessive and undesirable deposits of carbon due to the pre-carbonization of the oil before ignition. ,l

It is therefore, an object of this invention to provide an oil burning apparatus -ofstandard structure anddimensions which may be installed in a furnace of any size without in anyway `iin-f.

pairing the efficiency of the apparatus.

A further object is the provision of an oil burn- .ing apparatus in which the oil conducting parts are maintained below the cracking point of the l oil prior to vaporization and ignition sol that there will be no premature carbonizationor undesirable carbon deposits which seriously affect the efficiency of oil burning apparatus.

'A further object is the provision of an oil burning apparatus having a hearth structure forming an essential and definite part thereofgfwhich 'Y hearth structure is formed of a fire brick having a peculiar shape whereby heating of the oil bryond the cracking point prior to vapcrization and ignition is prevented. l

' A further object is the provision of an oil burning apparatus in which the oil is thrown out from a plurality of tubes in the form of a continuous annular film, said apparatus having meansv to cool the tubes by air to a temperature below the 4 cracking point of the oil to prevent carbonization in the tubes.

l A further object is the provision of an oil burning apparatus having a hearth structure provided with means to preventcombustion of the oil at a point too far away from the point at which it is vaporized and mixed with air, and to prevent the combustible mixturefrom contacting the Walls of a furnace.

'I'hese and other advantageous objects, which will later appear, are accomplished by the simple and practical construction and arrangement of V parts hereinafter described and exhibited in the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevational view showing my oil burning apparatus installed in a furnace,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing details of the burnerv and hearth structure.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a hearth structure relatively close to a furnace wall, J l

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of a modified form of hearth structure, and- Fig. 5 is a similar view showing a hearth structure considerably spaced from the furnace walls.

yReferringto the drawings, the oil burning apparatus is shown to include a vertically mounted motor 3 having a shaft 1. Mounted on the upper end of the motor is a cylindrical block 5, having a skirt 9 provided with inclined passages II to which oil is introduced by a pipe I0. communicating therewith. The inclined passages II lead .to an annular oilchamber 12, also formed in the block 5, one wall I3 of the chamber I2 surrounding the shaft 1.

' Resting on the upper edge of wall u of the chamber I2 is a flange I9 of an annular trough Il 4is a cylindrical flange 50 .of a head 2| the' 35 'latter having a central core 23 threadedly connected to the end of shaft 1. The flange 5I) is externally threaded at 24 and internally threaded at 2l for a purpose hereinafter explained. .The internal wall of the flange is ared atv `22 providing a throat 21. 'I'he head 2| is provided with a plurality of passages 29 communieating with the throat 21.

Fixed to head 2| is a tubular member 32 which is flanged at its upper end and has projecting therefrom four equally spaced tubes 33. Secured to the member 32 by a threaded nut 33 is a fan 33;

'I'he tubular member 32 is covered by a plate 36, which is spaced from the tubes 33 and attached to a shaft-35, the latter being threadedly connected to a core 28.

Attached to the block 5 are spaced struts I6, integral with a cylindrical base 40, upon which is mounted a hood 4I having its upper portion 42 cylindrical in shape. A collar 48 is threadedly mounted on block 5, and has integral therewith a plate 41 spaced from the lower edge of the base 40. By adjusting the plate 41, the lvolume of air entering the hood may be controlled.

In operation, oil is supplied by the pipe I to the passages I I, and thence to the chamber I2 in which the oil rises to the upper edge of wall 20, and falls over the edge when the surface tension has been overcome. 'Ihe oil is then picked up by the uppermost thread of the threads 25 on the ange 50, and thrown upwardly against the inclined surface 22 and into the passages 29, it being understood that the motor is in operation and the parts are rotating at a predetermined speed. The threads 24 prevent thel leakage of oil upwardly over the inner surface of wall i8 of the trough member I5.

In 'the event that the oil should accumulate in the chamber i2 excessively, due to improper functioning of the apparatus, it will rise over the upper edge of wall It and fall down along the shaft into a chamber t@ in the block 5, and thence through a passage I to a gutter IICi integral with and surrounding the block. The gutter I5 communicates with a tube ill, through which the excess oil is drained into anysuitable receptacle, such as a bucket, or the like (not shown) As the head 2| rotates the oil is drawn up through the passages 29, and forced up along the walls of the member 32 into the tubes 33, at which time the oil is thrown outward by centrifugal Aforce in the form of a spray through the tubes 33.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen thatv the atcmizing structure and motor, are mounted on a frame having vertical supports |00, which rest on resilient bases I0 I, the motor being prevented from excess vibration by spring supports |02.

The oil burning apparatus is readily installed vinto the re box of a furnace, a. hearth of re brick |03 being built upon the frame. The hood 4I and other parts of the atomizing structure are protected from heat by a metal casting |04, and by a ring |06 which rests on the casting |04.

The cylindrical portion 42 of the hood has attached thereto a cylindrical member having a iiange |05 which is positioned beneath and spaced from the tubes 33. By varying the distance between the iiange |05 and the top plate, the velocity of the air stream through the hood may be regulated. The ring |06 is positioned adjacent and spaced from the flange |05, thus providing a space through whichv an additional supply of air passes, at the same time providing an effective heat shield which at no point `contacts with the hood or the oil spraying apparatus, thus preventing heating of such parts by conduction, 'Without interfering with the elcient action of the main air supply.

The casting |04 is angular in shape and is supported by a. ring |01 fixed to the vertical supports |00. Attached to the horizontal portion of casting |04 are a plurality of metal segments |00, which vary in size depending upon the size of the furnace. The segments |08 support segmental sheets |09 of insulating material, such as asbestos, which extend to the furnace wall, and mounted on the insulating sheets |09 are the re bricks |03.

The fire bricks |03 engage the vertical portion of casting |04 and spaced from said portion at a predetermined distance, the brick |03 has a rounded groove I I0 adjacent a vertical wall I I, which has its top surface horizontal and its opposite inclined at I|2, leading into a second rounded groove I I3fadjacent a second vertical wall I I4.

The iire brick |03 may be all in one piece or be formed of a plurality of segmental sections. One manner of forming the re brick |03 is to mount on the casting |04 and insulating segments |09, a quantity of re brick material in a plastic state. Then by means of a properly shaped tool, the grooves and walls maybe readily formed.

The oil is ignited by a pair of -diametrically arranged pilots I20 passing through the fire brick, (see Fig. 2). The pilots may be of the gas flame or electric spark type.

Mounted on the wall H4 and projecting inwardly and inclined upwardly are a plurality' of bars H5, of fire brick material which serve as ame stabilizers, as hereinafter explained.

The walls II I and II4 are formed at denite and predetermined distances `from the center of the oil spraying apparatus, that is, from the center of shaft 35, regardless of the size of the iurnace in which the apparatus may be installed.

The space between the wall I It and the wall l IS of the furnace is lled with a spacer SIG, of insulating material. in some cases, as shown in Figs. 3, fi, the spacer is relatively narrow, and in other cases Where a -large furnace is used, the spacer will be relatively Wide, as shown in Fig. 5. In operation, oil is thrown out through tubes 33 in the form of a spray and rides upon a stream of air passing between the tubes and ange |05, without mixing with the air. The oil travels until wall I II is encountered at which time it is given a violent circular and turbulent action resulting from the groove III) and the mixing with the air. The oil and air then pass over the wall III, together with a small amount of oil from the tubes which does not strike the wall III; andthe mixture is thrown down into the groove ||3 and up against the wall I I4, at which time ignition takes place. The flame is diverted inwardly and prerelationto the tubes 33, and the distances of the 4 walls I I I and I I4 from the center of the apparatus are definite andpredetermined.

The structure above described prevents carbonization of the oil in the` tubes, as the tubes 33 are cooled by air passing above and below them, thus maintaining the tubes at a temperature below the cracking point of the oil. 'Ihe lire brick is also maintained at a temperature below the cracking point of the oil by cutting out portions of the re brick and filling such cut out portions with a poor heat radiating material as shown in Fig. 3 at I I1, I I9.

n wi11 be noted that the ou rides upon but does not mix with the air stream until it strikes wall III. As the walls III, and I|4 heat up, they vaporize the oil striking them completely, the oil interrupted by wall III travels upward and over the wall I I I in a turbulent manner into the chamburning too far away from its point of origination.

4to keepv the temperature of the oil below the cracking point to prevent carbonization. In this form, the hood |34 is cylindrical and has a ange |35, spaced from and below the tubes |33, the flange being spaced from and adjacent the upper edge of the vertical portion of casting |04 so that the ring |06 is not needed.

The foregoing disclosure is to be regarded as descriptive and illustrative only, and notas re. strictive or limitative of the invention, of which obviously an embodiment may be constructed including many modications without departing from the general scope herein indicated and denoted in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:l

1. In an oil burning apparatus, a head having a plurality of vertical passages, a tubular mem-- ber xed tol said head andhaving its upper end anged, a plurality of spaced tubes supported by said flange and projecting from said member, a plate coveringA said member, said plate being spaced from said tubes, means connecting the plate and the head so they may be rotated in unison, a hood enclosing said tubular member, a fan within said hood to create an air stream about the member and tubes, a plate covering the lower part of the hood, the last mentioned plate being threadedly mountedlto` enable it to be adjusted to control the volume of air entering the hood, a hearth frame surrounding the hood:

and tubular member, said frame being spaced. from the hood and member, and means to rotate the head and tubular member to cause oil to pass upwardly through said passages and tubular member and outwardly through the tubes.

2. In an oil burning apparatus, a head having a plurality of vertical passages, a tubular member fixed to said head and having its upper end flanged, a plurality of spaced tubes supported by said flange and projecting from Isaid member, a plate covering said member, said plate being spaced from said tubes, means to rotate the head and plate and member vin unison, a hood enclosing said tubular member, a fan within said hood to create an airstream about the member and tubes, means to control the volume of air entering the hood, a hearth frame surrounding the hood and tubular member, said frame being spaced from the hood and member, the rotation of the head and tubular member causing oil to pass upwardly through said passages and tubular member andoutwardly through the tubes.

. Elim F'. RODLER.

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