US20020104902A1

US20020104902A1 - Inline dripper with micro-tube connector

Info

Publication number: US20020104902A1
Application number: US09/781,045
Authority: US
Inventors: Eran Eckstein; Gershon Eckstein
Original assignee: Drip Irrigation Systems Ltd
Current assignee: Drip Irrigation Systems Ltd
Priority date: 2001-02-08
Filing date: 2001-02-08
Publication date: 2002-08-08
Also published as: US20020104903A1; AU2002311581B2; WO2002082887A3; EP1357786A2; EP1357786B1; US6581854B2; ZA200304858B; WO2002082887A2; IL156702A0

Abstract

An irrigation apparatus comprises an in-line dripper insert having a support for attaching a micro tube to the dripper outlet. A fluid conduit in which the insert is placed has an aperture in line with the support. The support may comprise a projection for securing a micro tube thereto, a sleeve for securing a micro tube or a connector thereto, or a shoulder for supporting the attachment of a connector to the fluid conduit at the aperture. The dripper insert is secured to the inner surface of the fluid conduit and is contained entirely therein. After detachment of the micro tubes, the main fluid line may be easily reeled or otherwise handled. The internal dripper provides structural internal support to the main fluid conduit when external pressure is applied to the line, such as when a micro tube or a connector is forced against the fluid line to be connected thereto.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to irrigation apparatus having lateral lines, and more particularly, to inserts adapted to be contained within a fluid conduit for supporting directly a lateral tube extending from the conduit.

DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

The present application is preferably used in a drip irrigation system. An irrigation system applies water to specific plant or root zone locations in controlled quantities. It is thereby possible to irrigate planted areas with substantially less water than is used by general broadcast sprinkler or flooding methods. Several apparatuses for use in irrigation systems are well known.

One type of drip emitter, called a clipon dripper, is shown in U.S. Pat. Reg. No. 4,036,435, issued on Jul. 19, 1977, to Pecaro. The clipon dripper is generally large in size. Another type of a clipon dripper is the button dripper, which is typically smaller in size and is widely used in today's market. Both types of drippers include a connector attached externally to a main fluid conduit and a micro tube attachment facility. This apparatus has several disadvantages. The main fluid conduit cannot be easily reeled after attachment of the external dripper and the attachment of the external dripper is labor intensive which substantially increases the cost of the dripline. The button dripper, due to its size, has typically smaller fluid flow passageways and therefore is more sensitive to clogging. All external drippers have the disadvantage that the main fluid conduit may collapse or give way when external pressure is applied to attach the external dripper connector thereto. In addition, the external dripper connector may become dislodged when internal pressure is applied to the main fluid conduit.

A second type of drip apparatus, called merely a connector, is shown in U.S. Pat. Reg. No. 5,692,858, issued on Dec. 2, 1997, to Vaughan. This apparatus comprises a micro tube attached to a connector, wherein the connector is attached directly to a main fluid conduit at an aperture therein. This apparatus also has several disadvantages. The connector may easily become dislodged from the main fluid conduit, i.e., “pop off” the fluid line, when fluid in the conduit is pressurized. Leakage may occur between the connector and the main fluid conduit if the conduit is moved or distorted, which may occur under pressurized fluid conditions.

A third type of drip apparatus comprises an external connector secured to the main fluid conduit by an external clip or band. The connector and the clip or band may be manufactured as a single unit. This apparatus has several disadvantages. The apparatus may be expensive to install due to the expense of purchasing the clips and the connectors, and due to the labor costs of attaching each of the connectors and clips to the main fluid conduit. Moreover, the clip or band does not always hold the connector in watertight engagement with the main fluid conduit so that leaks may occur.

There thus remains a need for an emitter apparatus that is easy to install, that is relatively inexpensive to purchase and manufacture, and that allows a main fluid conduit to be reeled and re-reeled after use. Moreover, there remains a need for an emitter apparatus that provides support to the main fluid conduit when connectors and/or micro tubes are secured thereto.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These features are provided in the present invention by an irrigation apparatus comprising an insert, such as an in-line drip emitter, adapted to be secured within a main fluid conduit for supporting a lateral tube element, such as a micro tube or connector.

In general, the invention provides an irrigation apparatus comprising an insert that is adapted to be received within a fluid conduit and having an outer surface mountable in physical contact with an inner surface of the fluid conduit. The insert includes a support adapted for supporting a lateral tube element extending through an aperture in the fluid conduit when the support is positioned adjacent to the aperture. The insert also includes a fluid passageway extending between the interior of the fluid conduit and the aperture.

The insert in the preferred embodiment of the invention is an in-line drip emitter or dripper. It also may simply be a support element providing a relatively unrestricted water passageway between the interior of the fluid conduit and the aperture. The flow-limiting fluid passageway characteristic of drip emitters is not required for the invention. Further, the present invention can be applied to a variety of in-line drippers. For example, the internal micro tubing connector of the present invention can be implemented with a conventional non-compensated dripper or with a pressure compensated dripper. The dripper may have different features, such as a retention (non-leakage) valve, pressure regulating features or other such valve means. The physical configuration of the insert may also vary. For example, the insert may be cylindrical or flat in shape. It can be symmetrical, i.e., the output connector may be positioned centrally along the connector, or the insert may be asymmetrical, with the outlet positioned closer to one end of the insert.

The invention also provides a method of assembling an irrigation apparatus. Generally, this method includes the steps of (1) providing an irrigation fluid conduit including an inner surface; (2) securing an insert to the inner surface of the fluid conduit; (3) forming an aperture in the fluid conduit adjacent to the insert; (4) extending an end of a tube element through the aperture; and (5) supporting the end of the tube element extending through the aperture relative to the insert.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is thus seen particularly to provide an improved method and apparatus for connecting a micro tube to a drip irrigation line at the dripper location. The method and apparatus take advantage of the in-line dripper with all its advantages over the complicated, external button and strap/band drippers, and over the delicate prior art connector apparatus. Some embodiments of the present invention do not require additional connectors and adapters and reduces labor costs because once the fluid conduit is unreeled the only remaining task is to attach a micro tube to the output opening of the dripper. Moreover, the internal emitter provides structural support for the main fluid conduit when external pressure is applied to the conduit during attachment of a micro tube or a connector thereto.

In a preferred embodiment the internal emitter comprises a cylindrical dripper having a flow-restricting fluid passageway formed between the dripper and the inner surface of the fluid conduit. The fluid passageway or labyrinth communicates between the interior of the fluid conduit and a tube-element support in a connection region on the dripper. The support is aligned with an aperture in the fluid conduit and facilitates connection of a lateral tube element relative to the internal dripper. The lateral tube element may be any device associated with a micro tube, such as an end of the tube or a connector to which a micro tube may be attached. The support may comprise a projection for securing a micro tube thereto, a sleeve for securing a micro tube therein, a sleeve for securing a connector thereto, or a shoulder supporting the fluid conduit around the aperture. The internal dripper typically is secured to the inner surface of the main fluid conduit and is contained entirely therein such that there are no projections outside the conduit. This is the preferred embodiment since, after detachment of the micro tubes, the main fluid line is free of external parts that could interfere with the reeling or other handling of the conduit. The internal dripper provides structural internal support to the fluid conduit when external pressure is applied to the line, such as when a micro tube or a connector is forced against the main fluid line to be connected thereto. The invention may also be practiced with embodiments that have a protrusion through the conduit aperture.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a partial cut-away top view of an internal emitter made according to the present invention. [0013]
FIG. 2 is a partial cut-away bottom view of the internal emitter of FIG. 1. [0014]
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view taken along line [0015] 3-3 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3A is a view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 but additionally showing a micro tube connected to the internal emitter. [0016]
FIG. 4 is an end cross-sectional view taken along line [0017] 4-4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 but showing a different connection device. [0018]
FIG. 5A is a partial side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 5 but showing a connector attached to the conduit at the internal emitter. [0019]
FIG. 5B is a top view of the device shown in FIG. 5. [0020]
FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 but showing a different conduit opening. [0021]
FIG. 6A is a top view of the device shown in FIG. 6. [0022]
FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 6 but showing a connector attached to the internal emitter with a micro tube attached thereto. [0023]
FIG. 8 is a side view of a connector. [0024]
FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of a relatively flat internal emitter taken along line [0025] 9-9 of FIG. 10.
FIG. 10 is a top view of the internal emitter of FIG. 9. [0026]
FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view of an internal support element insert made according to the present invention.[0027]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring now to the figures, FIG. 1 is a partial cut-away top view of an [0028] irrigation apparatus 20 made according to the present invention. Apparatus 20 is formed by an outer member or sleeve 50 of a main fluid conduit 52 and a tubular insert 60. The insert is also called an internal emitter, internal dripper, irrigation apparatus, or a dripper body. Sleeve 50 includes an opening 30 (shown in FIG. 3) through which a micro tube can be connected. The opening, or aperture, extends through the conduit from the hollow interior to an exterior surface thereof. As will be described in more detail below, sleeve 50 and insert 60 define a fluid passageway 22 that terminates at opening 30. In another embodiment, insert 60 may singularly define a fluid passageway 22 that terminates at opening 30, thereby forming a standalone emitter apparatus 20.
[0029] Main fluid conduit 52 and insert 60 typically are manufactured of high density, durable plastic so as to withstand high fluid pressures and harsh environmental conditions. The conduit and the internal emitter may be manufactured in any size or material as is desirable for particular applications. Preferably, insert 60 is inserted as the conduit is extruded using well-known drip irrigation line manufacturing methods. During this process, the insert is integrally bonded to the conduit.
[0030] Insert 60 has an inner surface 61 (more clearly shown in FIG. 3) that defines, at least in part, an inner chamber 62 that preferably provides an uninterrupted fluid flow through an internal fluid passageway of conduit 52. A series of inlet openings shown generally at 64 provide communication between the inner surface of chamber 62 and an inlet end 24 of fluid passageway or labyrinth 22. Labyrinth 22 defines a fluid flow path extending between insert 60 and sleeve 50, in a direction generally to the left in FIG. 1, so as to provide fluid flow at a channel 34, formed in a support 28, for support and connection of a micro tube, such as micro tube 70 shown in FIG. 3A. Labyrinth 22 may include pressure regulating means, as described in U.S. Pat. Reg. No. 5,111,996, issued on May 12, 1992 to Eckstein, and U.S. Pat. Reg. No. 5,615,838, issued Apr. 1, 1997 to Eckstein et al., wherein the disclosures of said patents are incorporated by reference herein.
It will be appreciated that opening [0031] 30 in conduit 52 is aligned with support 28 of insert 60. Accordingly, during manufacture of the conduit, it is preferable to insert all of the inserts in the same orientation and direction. This will standardize the position of the support, and thereby the opening, on the same side of the conduit and at regular intervals along the conduit.
FIG. 2 is a partial cut-away bottom view of the [0032] internal emitter insert 60 of FIG. 1. In this bottom view labyrinth 22 is shown extending from the topside of the insert via intermediate channel 66. Fluid flow through the labyrinth continues toward the right in FIG. 2 to outlet end 26. From outlet end 26 fluid flows through channel 27 (shown in FIG. 3) and then through channel 34 (FIG. 1). Accordingly, a portion of the flow through conduit 52 flows into labyrinth 22 and then into micro tube 70, and the remainder of the fluid continues to flow through conduit 52.
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view taken along line [0033] 3-3 of FIG. 1. Support 28 includes a recess 32 and a stem 36, positioned within the recess 32.
FIG. 3A is a view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 but additionally shows the end of [0034] micro tube 70, also called a drip tube, connected to the internal emitter and forming, in combination, an irrigation apparatus 20 a. In particular, micro tube 70 is frictionally secured to stem 36 by placement of an end of the micro tube, also referred to as a tube element, through opening 30 in conduit 52 and into the recess 32, also called a cavity, surrounding stem 36, also called a projection. Due to the watertight seal between sleeve 50 and insert 60 around a perimeter of opening 30, tube 70 need only be secured to stem 36 to provide a water tight seal between insert 60 and tube 70. In other words, opening 30 may have a diameter greater than an outer diameter of tube 70 so that there is a slight gap 38 between the outer surface of the micro tube and the inner edge of opening 30. This slight gap provides for ease of placement of tube 70 into recess 32 and positioning of the tube about stem 36. Moreover, gap 38 allows for bending and flexing of the tube relative to conduit 52. Stem 36 may, but preferably does not extend outwardly from conduit 52 so that the conduit, when the micro tubes are disconnected, may be reeled and unreeled without difficulty. Recess 32 and/or stem 36 preferably are aligned with and positioned inwardly of aperture 30 in the conduit.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line [0035] 4-4 of FIG. 3. Labyrinth 22 is shown in communication with outlet end 26, which end is in communication with channel 27. Channel 27 in turn is in communication with channel 34. Opening 30 is shown having a diameter slightly smaller than a diameter of recess 32 but larger than an outer diameter of a tube adapted to be secured to stem 36, as shown in FIG. 3A.
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 but showing a different conduit opening and support [0036] 28 a of an irrigation apparatus 20 b. In this embodiment, fluid flows through channel 27, through a connecting path 34 a and into a reservoir 32 a. Opening 30 a in sleeve 50 has a diameter approximately the same size as, or larger than, the diameter of reservoir 32 a such that a micro tube can be frictionally received within opening 30 a and reservoir 32 a. Opening 30 a may be tapered so as to receive a mating tapered connector, such as connector 80 a shown in FIG. 5A, wherein a micro drip tube is secured to the connector. Micro tube 70 typically is resilient and the outer walls of the tube frictionally engage the inner sidewalls 33 of reservoir 32 a without collapsing or being substantially deformed, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 5. Since there is no pressure within the micro tube during fluid flow, the micro tube holds against the sidewalls of reservoir 32 a.
FIG. 5A is a partial side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 5 but showing a [0037] connector 80 a attached to the conduit at internal emitter 60 a, forming in combination an irrigation apparatus 20 c. In this embodiment connector 80 a may be secured to conduit 52 at opening 30 a by an external strap or band (not shown) as known in the art. The connector includes a tapered or inclined lower surface 42 such that the strap or band will pull the inclined surface into contact with opening 30 a so as to create a watertight seal. The connector may also comprise a lower base portion 41, shown in dashed lines, sized to be frictionally received within reservoir 32 a. Connector 80 a includes an upper portion 40 adapted for attaching a micro tube thereto, as known in the art. Insert 60 is preferably attached to conduit 52 around the aperture. Accordingly, the insert acts to support the walls of conduit 52 when the connector or a micro tube is secured thereto such that the conduit will not collapse or deform under such external pressure.
FIG. 5B is a top view of the device shown in FIG. 5. In this [0038] view reservoir 32 a is shown in communication with channel 34 a.
FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 of an [0039] irrigation apparatus 20 d but showing a different conduit opening 30 b. In this embodiment, conduit opening 30 b in sleeve 50 is smaller in size so as to receive a standard connector (shown in FIG. 8) within opening 30 b and reservoir 32 a. Also, insert 60 a has a support 28 a that is the same as in the embodiment of FIG. 5. In particular, conduit opening 30 b has a diameter smaller than a diameter of reservoir 32 a. The portion 66 of insert 60 a forming recess 33 in contact with conduit 52 is also referred to as a shoulder. Shoulder 66 supports conduit 52 when connector 80 is inserted through aperture 30 b.
FIG. 6A is a top view of the device shown in FIG. 6 wherein the [0040] opening 30 b is shown aligned with reservoir 32 a.
FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view similar to that shown in FIG. 6 but showing a [0041] connector 80 attached to the conduit 52 and with a micro tube 70 secured thereto. In this embodiment, forming in combination an irrigation apparatus 20 e, connector 80 is shown attached to opening 30 b wherein a lower portion 44 of the connector also referred to as a tube element, is received within reservoir 32 a. Connector 80 with micro tube 70 attached thereto is known in the art. Accordingly, the internal emitter of the present invention can be utilized with connectors and micro tubes currently available so as to decrease retrofit costs to consumers. Moreover, due to the pressure regulating properties of labyrinth 22, connector 80 will not readily be displaced from conduit 52 under pressurized fluid conditions within inner chamber 62 of the main fluid conduit, as occurs in the prior art. Additionally, insert 60 a, and in particular, shoulder 66 provides structural support for the internal surface 61 of conduit 52 as the connector is inserted into opening 30 b. In this embodiment, support 28 a includes shoulder 66. Attachment of connector 80 to the conduit, therefore, may be accomplished more readily than in prior art devices, thereby saving time and labor costs.
As has been discussed, FIG. 8 is a side view of a [0042] connector 80 including an internal fluid passageway 46 extending there through, as known in the art.
FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of a relatively flat [0043] internal emitter 60 b that is bonded to the inner surface 61 of sleeve 50 to form an irrigation apparatus 20 f. As with the previous embodiments, apparatus 20 f is formed by inserting emitter 60 b while conduit 52 is being extruded.
The internal emitter includes a series of inlet openings shown generally at [0044] 64 a that provide communication between chamber 62 and inlet end 24 a of labyrinth 22 a. The labyrinth extends from inlet 24 a to outlet 26 b, at the right end of internal emitter 60 b. From outlet end 26 b of the labyrinth, fluid flows to intermediate reservoir 29, and then through channel 27 b that is connected to channel 34 b as shown. Channel 34 b extends upwardly through stem 36 b positioned within recess 32 b. Recess 32 b is aligned with opening 30 c in conduit 52 for placement of a micro tube as described with reference to the embodiments previously described. As mentioned above, stem 36 b typically does not extend outwardly into or through opening 30 c, i.e., the support 28 b is positioned inwardly of aperture 30 c. The stem is adapted to frictionally receive a micro tube thereon.
FIG. 10 is a top view of the internal emitter of FIG. 9 [0045] showing labyrinth 22 a extending from left to right in the figure, and around recess 32 b.
FIG. 11 is a side sectional-view of an internal [0046] support element insert 60 c that is bonded to the inner surface of sleeve 50 to form an irrigation apparatus 20 g.
The internal support element includes an inlet opening shown generally at [0047] 64 b that provides communication between chamber 62 and channel 34 c. Channel 34 c extends upwardly through stem 36 c positioned within recess 32 c. Recess 32 c is aligned with opening 30 d in conduit 52 for placement of a micro tube. Stem 36 c is adapted to frictionally receive a micro tube thereon, however, the support 28 c can have different designs as shown for example in support 28 a in FIG. 5 to receive a micro tube and hold it by means of friction to the outer side wall of the micro tube.
The figures discussed above typically show only a portion of a fluid line, i.e., a single sleeve portion and a single insert. However, those skilled in the art will understand that multiple inserts may be placed within a continuous line of fluid conduit. It will also be understood that although the inserts described above form drip emitters, inserts may be used that do not form drip emitters. Further, an insert may have a plurality of supports for attaching a plurality of lateral tubes. Additionally, the internal dripper preferably is contained entirely within the conduit such that there are no projections outside the conduit. The invention may also be practiced with embodiments that have a protrusion through the conduit aperture. [0048]
In the above description numerous details have been set forth in order to provide a more through understanding of the present invention. It will be obvious, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced using other equivalent designs. [0049]

Claims

We claim:

1. An irrigation apparatus comprising an insert adapted to be received within a fluid conduit and having an outer surface mountable in physical contact with an inner surface of the fluid conduit, said insert including a support adapted for supporting a lateral tube element extending through an aperture in the fluid conduit when said support is positioned adjacent the aperture and a fluid passageway extending between the interior of the fluid conduit and the aperture.

2. The irrigation apparatus of claim 1 wherein said support comprises a recess adapted to frictionally engage an end of a tube and said fluid passageway extends into the recess.

3. The irrigation apparatus of claim 2 further comprising the fluid conduit and wherein the recess is substantially the same size as the aperture.

4. The irrigation apparatus of claim 1 wherein said support comprises a stem adapted to frictionally engage an end of a tube and said fluid passageway extends through said stem.

5. The irrigation apparatus of claim 4 further comprising the fluid conduit and a tube extending through the aperture wherein the tube is smaller than the aperture.

6. The irrigation apparatus of claim 1 wherein said support comprises a recess adapted to receive a tube connector and said fluid passageway extends into the recess.

7. The irrigation apparatus of claim 6 further comprising the fluid conduit and wherein said support is positioned within the fluid conduit adjacent to the aperture and includes a shoulder positioned against the inner surface of the fluid conduit providing internal support to said inner surface around the aperture.

8. The irrigation apparatus of claim 7 further comprising a connector extending through the aperture into the recess and a tube connected to said connector.

9. The irrigation apparatus of claim 8 wherein said shoulder has a perimeter larger than the aperture.

10. The irrigation apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a tube connected to said support and said fluid passageway extends into the tube.

11. The irrigation apparatus of claim 1 wherein said insert is bonded to said inner surface.

12. The irrigation apparatus of claim 1 wherein said insert is an in-line drip emitter and said fluid passageway is fluid-flow restricting and has an outlet opening in said support.

13. The irrigation apparatus of claim 12 wherein said support is chosen from the group consisting of a projection positioned within a recess, an insert-receiving recess, and a shoulder for supporting the attachment of a connector to the fluid conduit at the aperture.

14. The irrigation apparatus of claim 12 further comprising a fluid conduit including an aperture therein, wherein said elongate insert is positioned within said fluid conduit and said support is aligned with said aperture.

15. The irrigation apparatus of claim 14 wherein said fluid conduit includes an inner surface, and said support includes a shoulder positioned in water tight contact against the inner surface of the fluid conduit.

16. A method of assembling an irrigation apparatus comprising the steps of:

providing an irrigation fluid conduit including an inner surface;

securing an insert to the inner surface of the fluid conduit;

forming an aperture in the fluid conduit adjacent to the insert;

extending an end of a tube element through the aperture; and

supporting the end of the tube element extending through the aperture relative to the insert.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein said step of supporting further comprises the step of attaching the end of the tube element to the insert.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein said step of attaching comprises frictionally engaging an inner surface of the tube element to the insert.

19. The method of claim 17 wherein said step of attaching comprises frictionally engaging an outer surface of the tube element to the insert.

20. The method of claim 16 wherein said step of supporting further comprises the step of attaching the end of the tube element to the fluid conduit.