US20010045711A1 - Water ingress seal for tapered seals - Google Patents
Water ingress seal for tapered seals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010045711A1 US20010045711A1 US09/775,118 US77511801A US2001045711A1 US 20010045711 A1 US20010045711 A1 US 20010045711A1 US 77511801 A US77511801 A US 77511801A US 2001045711 A1 US2001045711 A1 US 2001045711A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- leg
- wellhead
- tubular members
- tubular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940052609 legend Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
- E21B33/038—Connectors used on well heads, e.g. for connecting blow-out preventer and riser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L17/00—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
- F16L17/06—Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between the end surfaces of the pipes or flanges or arranged in recesses in the pipe ends or flanges
- F16L17/08—Metal sealing rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L25/00—Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00 ; Details of pipe joints not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrically conducting or insulating means
- F16L25/0018—Abutment joints
Definitions
- This invention relates to a seal for a subsea well system. More particularly, this invention relates to a tapered wellhead seal having provisions to prevent water ingress into the well.
- a wellhead connector is installed onto the wellhead housing at the sea floor.
- an annular gasket or seal is positioned between the connector and the housing.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,474,381 dated Oct. 2, 1984 discloses a tubular joint with a metal seal ring positioned between internal tapered surfaces on the tubular members. This type of seal is for sealing against internal pressure within the tubular members.
- O-ring seal represents an improvement over the prior art, further improvements are desired.
- O-ring seals are prone to deteriorate in the environment of a subsea wellhead. Replacing a seal on a gasket of a connector would be difficult and expensive. It is desirable to provide a seal which can seal against internal and external pressures without requiring the use of elastomers.
- the present invention relates to an improved seal for a subsea wellhead connector.
- the seal of the invention includes a metal seal with a ring portion and a rib portion.
- the rib portion extends radially outward from the ring portion.
- the ring portion includes two frustoconical surfaces for mating with tapered surfaces of the wellhead connector and wellhead housing.
- Two conical, metal-to-metal seals are created where the ring portions of the seal engage the tapered surfaces of the wellhead connector and housing. These metal-to-metal seals are the primary seals to contain internal pressure within the wellhead.
- two legs extend outward from the rib portion.
- An upward-facing foot surface at the end of the upper leg engages the wellhead connector, while a downward-facing foot surface at the end of the lower leg engages the wellhead housing.
- a metal-to-metal seal is created between each foot surface and the corresponding tubular member. These seals resist external pressure to prevent water ingress into the joint.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional detail of a seal constructed in accordance with this invention, shown installed.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional detail of the seal of FIG. 1, shown prior to installation.
- a generally cylindrical subsea wellhead housing 10 has a bore 12 and extends upward from the sea floor.
- Housing 10 has an upward facing shoulder 14 generally perpendicular to bore 12 and a conical primary seal surface 16 on its inner diameter, extending from shoulder 14 downward and inward into bore 12 .
- a cylindrical transition surface 18 Between conical primary seal surface 16 and shoulder 14 is a cylindrical transition surface 18 .
- Cylindrical transition surface 18 is concentric with bore 12 at a larger diameter, and intersects orthogonally with shoulder 14 .
- a wellhead connector 20 is adapted to connect to wellhead housing 10 , and has a downward facing shoulder 28 .
- a conical primary seal surface 24 and cylindrical transitional surface 26 on the inner diameter of connector 20 substantially mirrors seal surface 16 and transitional surface 18 .
- a metal tapered seal 32 is adapted to seal against primary seal surfaces 16 , 24 and position between upwardly facing shoulder 14 and downwardly facing shoulder 28 .
- Seal 32 has a ring portion 34 with an upper tapered surface 36 and lower tapered surface 38 on its outer diameter. Upper and lower tapered surfaces 36 , 38 each have approximately the same slope as upper seal surface 16 and lower seal surface 24 respectively.
- the diameter of seal ring 32 is such that tapered surfaces 36 , 38 interferingly engage conical surfaces 16 , 24 . The interference causes elastic deformation of tapered seal 32 when connector 20 is landed on wellhead housing 10 and seals tapered seal 32 to connector 20 and housing 10 . Seal 32 contains pressure within wellhead housing 10 and connector 20 .
- Seal ring 32 has a rib portion 40 which extends radially outward from ring portion 34 .
- Upper and lower transition surfaces 42 , 44 reside on ring portion 34 to either side of rib 40 and are generally parallel with transitional surfaces 18 , 26 of connector 20 and housing 10 .
- Rib portion 40 is sized to fit in between upwardly facing shoulder 14 and downwardly facing shoulder 28 .
- rib portion 40 has an ingress seal 46 on its outer diameter.
- Ingress seal 46 comprises two legs 48 which are either formed from or attached to rib portion 40 .
- Legs 48 are biased apart, one upward and one downward, and form generally a V-shape in relation to one another.
- the crotch 50 of the V-shape is curved rather than sharp to eliminate stress raisers.
- Each leg 48 has a recess on its outer surface, forming a foot 52 at the leg's end.
- feet 52 reside above and below rib 40 (FIG. 2); however, when connector 20 is landed on housing 10 it bends legs 48 to be almost parallel, and feet 52 press tightly against wellhead shoulder 14 and connector shoulder 28 (FIG. 1) and form a seal preventing water from leaking into bore 12 .
- Rib 40 serves as a positive stop to limit the downward movement of connector 20 .
- the hydrostatic pressure of the water applies a force between legs 48 , causing feet 52 to press more tightly against surfaces 14 and 28 and further energize ingress seal 46 . If connector 20 and wellhead housing 10 separate slightly due to bending forces on the riser, feet 52 still press against downwardly facing shoulder 28 and upward facing surface 14 to maintain the seal.
- the seal of the invention has several advantages.
- the metal-to-metal ingress seals effectively prevent seawater from entering the joint when the external pressure exceeds the internal pressure. Unlike elastomer seals, the metal-to-metal ingress seals do not deteriorate when used in the environment of a subsea wellhead.
- the durability of the seal of the invention reduces the likelihood that a seal will require replacement.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefits of Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/183,183, filed Feb. 17, 2000.
- This invention relates to a seal for a subsea well system. More particularly, this invention relates to a tapered wellhead seal having provisions to prevent water ingress into the well.
- In subsea oil and gas well systems, a wellhead connector is installed onto the wellhead housing at the sea floor. For sealing between the wellhead connector and the wellhead housing, an annular gasket or seal is positioned between the connector and the housing. U.S. Pat. No. 4,474,381 dated Oct. 2, 1984 discloses a tubular joint with a metal seal ring positioned between internal tapered surfaces on the tubular members. This type of seal is for sealing against internal pressure within the tubular members.
- Advances in offshore drilling technology have made it possible to drill in deeper water than ever before. As drilling depths increase, so does the water pressure at the sea floor. New seals had to be designed to withstand the increased external pressure when the internal pressure is lower than the external pressure. U.S. Pat. No. 5,839,765 dated Nov. 24, 1998 discloses a metal seal ring which creates a metal-to-metal seal against internal pressure within the tubular members. A pair of O-ring seals mounted to the seal rib creates a secondary seal to prevent the ingress of sea water into the joint. O-ring seals have also been used on the outer sides of the primary seal surfaces to prevent ingress of sea water.
- Although the secondary O-ring seal represents an improvement over the prior art, further improvements are desired. O-ring seals are prone to deteriorate in the environment of a subsea wellhead. Replacing a seal on a gasket of a connector would be difficult and expensive. It is desirable to provide a seal which can seal against internal and external pressures without requiring the use of elastomers.
- The present invention relates to an improved seal for a subsea wellhead connector. The seal of the invention includes a metal seal with a ring portion and a rib portion. The rib portion extends radially outward from the ring portion. The ring portion includes two frustoconical surfaces for mating with tapered surfaces of the wellhead connector and wellhead housing. Two conical, metal-to-metal seals are created where the ring portions of the seal engage the tapered surfaces of the wellhead connector and housing. These metal-to-metal seals are the primary seals to contain internal pressure within the wellhead.
- In a preferred embodiment, two legs extend outward from the rib portion. An upward-facing foot surface at the end of the upper leg engages the wellhead connector, while a downward-facing foot surface at the end of the lower leg engages the wellhead housing. A metal-to-metal seal is created between each foot surface and the corresponding tubular member. These seals resist external pressure to prevent water ingress into the joint.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional detail of a seal constructed in accordance with this invention, shown installed.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional detail of the seal of FIG. 1, shown prior to installation.
- Referring first to FIG. 1, a generally cylindrical
subsea wellhead housing 10 has abore 12 and extends upward from the sea floor.Housing 10 has an upward facingshoulder 14 generally perpendicular to bore 12 and a conicalprimary seal surface 16 on its inner diameter, extending fromshoulder 14 downward and inward intobore 12. Between conicalprimary seal surface 16 andshoulder 14 is acylindrical transition surface 18.Cylindrical transition surface 18 is concentric withbore 12 at a larger diameter, and intersects orthogonally withshoulder 14. - A
wellhead connector 20 is adapted to connect towellhead housing 10, and has a downward facingshoulder 28. A conicalprimary seal surface 24 and cylindricaltransitional surface 26 on the inner diameter ofconnector 20 substantially mirrorsseal surface 16 andtransitional surface 18. - A metal
tapered seal 32 is adapted to seal againstprimary seal surfaces shoulder 14 and downwardly facingshoulder 28.Seal 32 has aring portion 34 with an uppertapered surface 36 and lowertapered surface 38 on its outer diameter. Upper and lowertapered surfaces upper seal surface 16 andlower seal surface 24 respectively. The diameter ofseal ring 32 is such thattapered surfaces conical surfaces tapered seal 32 whenconnector 20 is landed onwellhead housing 10 and seals taperedseal 32 toconnector 20 andhousing 10.Seal 32 contains pressure withinwellhead housing 10 andconnector 20. -
Seal ring 32 has arib portion 40 which extends radially outward fromring portion 34. Upper andlower transition surfaces ring portion 34 to either side ofrib 40 and are generally parallel withtransitional surfaces connector 20 andhousing 10.Rib portion 40 is sized to fit in between upwardly facingshoulder 14 and downwardly facingshoulder 28. - In a preferred embodiment,
rib portion 40 has aningress seal 46 on its outer diameter.Ingress seal 46 comprises twolegs 48 which are either formed from or attached torib portion 40.Legs 48 are biased apart, one upward and one downward, and form generally a V-shape in relation to one another. Thecrotch 50 of the V-shape is curved rather than sharp to eliminate stress raisers. Eachleg 48 has a recess on its outer surface, forming afoot 52 at the leg's end. - Unrestrained,
feet 52 reside above and below rib 40 (FIG. 2); however, whenconnector 20 is landed onhousing 10 it bendslegs 48 to be almost parallel, andfeet 52 press tightly againstwellhead shoulder 14 and connector shoulder 28 (FIG. 1) and form a seal preventing water from leaking intobore 12.Rib 40 serves as a positive stop to limit the downward movement ofconnector 20. As water fills in between downward facingconnector shoulder 28 and upward facingwellhead shoulder 14, the hydrostatic pressure of the water applies a force betweenlegs 48, causingfeet 52 to press more tightly againstsurfaces ingress seal 46. Ifconnector 20 andwellhead housing 10 separate slightly due to bending forces on the riser,feet 52 still press against downwardly facingshoulder 28 and upward facingsurface 14 to maintain the seal. - The seal of the invention has several advantages. The metal-to-metal ingress seals effectively prevent seawater from entering the joint when the external pressure exceeds the internal pressure. Unlike elastomer seals, the metal-to-metal ingress seals do not deteriorate when used in the environment of a subsea wellhead. The durability of the seal of the invention reduces the likelihood that a seal will require replacement.
- Though the invention is discussed in the context of a subsea wellhead and a wellhead connector, it would be clear to one skilled in the art that this invention is applicable to virtually any connection employing a tapered seal, for example the juncture of two hubs. Additionally, while the invention has been shown in only one of its forms, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible to various changes without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/775,118 US6450507B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2001-02-01 | Water ingress seal for tapered seals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/775,118 US6450507B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2001-02-01 | Water ingress seal for tapered seals |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010045711A1 true US20010045711A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
US6450507B2 US6450507B2 (en) | 2002-09-17 |
Family
ID=49165419
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/775,118 Expired - Lifetime US6450507B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2001-02-01 | Water ingress seal for tapered seals |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6450507B2 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090322029A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal-to-Metal Seal for Smooth Bore |
US20090322030A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal-to-Metal Seal for Smooth Bore |
US20110133086A1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2011-06-09 | Spectros Corporation | White LED For Illumination With Additional Light Source For Analysis |
GB2557734A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-27 | Dril Quip Inc | Assembly and method |
GB2558001A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-07-04 | Long Nicholas | Seal ring and joint |
GB2569239A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2019-06-12 | Dril Quip Inc | Assembly and method |
US10704712B1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2020-07-07 | Cameron International Corporation | External pressure CX gasket |
US11156236B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2021-10-26 | Dril-Quip, Inc. | Ball valve with pressure absorbing accumulator |
US11635142B2 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2023-04-25 | Freudenberg Oil & Gas, Llc | Dual barrier seal |
Families Citing this family (10)
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GB2377976B (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2005-06-01 | Vetco Gray Inc Abb | Gasket with multiple sealing surfaces |
JP2004286195A (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-14 | Nichias Corp | Ring metal gasket |
NO341855B1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2018-02-05 | Vetco Gray Inc | Subsea wellhead device and a method of installing the same |
GB2438631B (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2008-02-13 | Alan Stewart Paton | Bimetal Bore Seal |
US20090266821A1 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-10-29 | Den Hartog Industries | Molded tank with cast-in fitting seat |
KR100915866B1 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2009-09-07 | 유원주 | Hydraulic nut assembly |
US20100191652A1 (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-07-29 | Eckert Daniel J | Systems and methods for adding functionality to a uis for use at a point of interaction |
CA2887853A1 (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-10 | Balltec Limited | Toroidal seal and method for the sealing of pipes |
KR20180136468A (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2018-12-24 | 아이커 시스템즈, 인크. | Liquid supply system |
WO2019187867A1 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | Gasket and flow passage connector structure |
Family Cites Families (8)
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US3351352A (en) | 1962-02-27 | 1967-11-07 | Victaulic Co Of America | Gasket for pipe joint |
US3339948A (en) * | 1965-06-25 | 1967-09-05 | Daniel H Weitzel | Pipe coupling |
CH640922A5 (en) * | 1979-10-22 | 1984-01-31 | Balzers Hochvakuum | GASKET FOR VACUUM FLANGE CONNECTIONS. |
US4474381A (en) | 1983-04-28 | 1984-10-02 | Cameron Iron Works, Inc. | Metal pipe joint seal ring with port to control erosion |
US4747606A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1988-05-31 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Bi-directional metal-to-metal seal |
US5103915A (en) * | 1990-08-17 | 1992-04-14 | Abb Vetco Gray Inc. | Wellhead housing seal assembly for damaged sealing surfaces |
US5466018A (en) | 1992-03-12 | 1995-11-14 | Techlok Limited | Seal ring and joint |
US5839765A (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1998-11-24 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Metal seal ring for tubular joint |
-
2001
- 2001-02-01 US US09/775,118 patent/US6450507B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (20)
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US20110133086A1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2011-06-09 | Spectros Corporation | White LED For Illumination With Additional Light Source For Analysis |
US20090322030A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal-to-Metal Seal for Smooth Bore |
WO2010002686A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal-to-metal seal for smooth bore |
GB2473387A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-03-09 | Vetco Gray Inc | metal to metal seal for smooth bore |
US8096560B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2012-01-17 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal-to-metal seal for smooth bore |
GB2473387B (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2012-06-27 | Vetco Gray Inc | Metal to metal seal for smooth bore |
US8226089B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2012-07-24 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal-to-metal seal for smooth bore |
US20090322029A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal-to-Metal Seal for Smooth Bore |
US10704712B1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2020-07-07 | Cameron International Corporation | External pressure CX gasket |
GB2557734B (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2021-04-28 | Dril Quip Inc | Assembly and method |
GB2569239A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2019-06-12 | Dril Quip Inc | Assembly and method |
GB2569239B (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2019-11-06 | Dril Quip Inc | A metal sealing gasket |
US10527207B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2020-01-07 | Dril-Quip, Inc. | High capacity universal connector |
GB2557734A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-27 | Dril Quip Inc | Assembly and method |
US11156236B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2021-10-26 | Dril-Quip, Inc. | Ball valve with pressure absorbing accumulator |
US11441707B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2022-09-13 | Dril-Quip, Inc. | Hands free gasket retention mechanism |
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GB2558001B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-12-05 | Long Nicholas | Seal ring and joint |
GB2558001A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-07-04 | Long Nicholas | Seal ring and joint |
US11635142B2 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2023-04-25 | Freudenberg Oil & Gas, Llc | Dual barrier seal |
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Owner name: ABB VETCO GRAY INC., TEXAS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:JOHNSON, READY J.;REEL/FRAME:011547/0274 Effective date: 20010129 |
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