US20010023760A1 - Apparatus for evaporating and/or superheating a medium - Google Patents

Apparatus for evaporating and/or superheating a medium Download PDF

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Publication number
US20010023760A1
US20010023760A1 US09/769,770 US76977001A US2001023760A1 US 20010023760 A1 US20010023760 A1 US 20010023760A1 US 76977001 A US76977001 A US 76977001A US 2001023760 A1 US2001023760 A1 US 2001023760A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
films
heat exchanger
heat
media
medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US09/769,770
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English (en)
Inventor
Bruno Motzet
Alois Tischler
Marc Weisser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Fuel Cell GmbH
Original Assignee
Xcellsis AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xcellsis AG filed Critical Xcellsis AG
Assigned to XCELLSIS GMBH reassignment XCELLSIS GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TISCHLER, ALOIS, MOTZET, BRUNO, WEISSER, MARC
Publication of US20010023760A1 publication Critical patent/US20010023760A1/en
Assigned to BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS AG reassignment BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS AG CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: XCELLSIS GMBH
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
    • H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof
    • F23K5/22—Vaporising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for evaporating and/or superheating a medium.
  • German patent document DE 44 26 692 C1 discloses a two-stage evaporating unit for converting a liquid reactant mass flow, which is adjustable as a function of a load presetting, into a gaseous reactant mass flow. With the aid of a heat transfer medium the liquid reactant mass flow is at least partially evaporated in the first stage and, if appropriate, completely evaporated in the second stage. Subsequently it is superheated.
  • the evaporator unit is formed by an alternating stacking one on the other of films with heat transfer medium ducts and of films with reaction ducts.
  • heat exchangers which may be used as an evaporator unit include, for example, plate heat exchangers with shaped metal sheets having a corrugated structure, bar/plate or plate/fin heat exchangers or laminated heat exchangers. Heating may take place by means of liquid and/or gaseous media.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple and easily implementable design of a device for evaporating and/or superheating a medium.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a device which can evaporate the respective media quantity efficiently and quickly, particularly under dynamic operating conditions.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a heating apparatus which is simple and cost-effective in terms of its design and production.
  • a media space is formed from the two films of at least one pair of films, by introducing depressions into the surfaces of one or both of the respective films which face the medium.
  • Such depressions may be formed, for example, by an etching method, or by a stripping or shaping machining of the respective films.
  • the number of installed pairs of films can simply be increased, until the desired output can be transmitted.
  • heat conducting ribs are provided on the surfaces facing away from the medium, of at least one of the films of the pair of films.
  • pairs of films and heat conducting ribs can thus in each case be stacked alternately one above the other and connected to one another.
  • a particularly advantageous manufacturing method which may be used for this purpose is soldering.
  • the heat conducting ribs serve, in particular, for increasing the heat transmission surface and for the generation of turbulence.
  • the device according to the invention for evaporating and/or superheating a medium is particularly suitable for evaporating and/or superheating small media quantities per pair of films.
  • this can be carried out by means of thermal energy from a comparatively large volume flow of a heat transfer medium.
  • the heat transfer medium flowing through the device on the heat transfer medium side may be, in particular, a hot gas which flows around the pairs of films with a very much larger volume flow than that of the medium to be evaporated, and at the same time flows through the respective heat conducting ribs.
  • this, for example, hot gas flow can discharge a large part of its thermal energy to the heat conducting ribs and consequently to the films which are in thermally conductive contact with the heat conducting ribs.
  • this thermal energy is transmitted to the medium located in the media space between the two films of the at least one pair of films.
  • the invention consequently provides an ideal combination of a comparatively small media-side region of the heat exchanger with as large a region of the heat exchanger as possible on the heat transfer medium side. Very high dynamics and a very rapid evaporation of quantities of medium which vary abruptly are therefore possible. At the same time, the pressure loss is low on the heat transfer medium side. Overall, high Reynolds numbers or heat transmission coefficients can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a device according to the invention for evaporating and/or superheating a medium
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlargement of a detail corresponding to the area II in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 1 in cross section.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is designed as a self-supporting structural element and is suspended in a housing 4 via two conduit elements 2 , 3 .
  • the conduit element 2 forms the inlet orifice for a medium B to be evaporated, while the conduit element 3 forms the outlet orifice for the vapor B′.
  • the media-side region of the heat exchanger 1 itself is formed by pairs of films 5 , with heat conducting ribs 6 arranged between pairs of films 5 .
  • Each pair of films is composed of two films 5 a, 5 b, between which is located a media space 7 formed via numerous depressions 8 in the film 5 b.
  • the media space 7 of each pair of films 5 is connected to the conduit elements 2 and 3 forming the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice respectively.
  • the media space 7 is formed via depressions 8 introduced (for example etched) into the film 5 b. It is of course, also possible in principle, to form the media space 7 via depressions 8 introduced into the film 5 a or into both the film 5 a and the film 5 b.
  • the shape, size and depth and also the surface layout of the depressions 8 in the respective film 5 b and/or 5 a can be configured virtually almost as desired and can be produced in a simple way.
  • the heat conducting ribs 6 are mounted on the surfaces 9 facing away from the media space, and are in thermally conductive contact with the respective films 5 a, 5 b. This can be implemented, for example, by soldering.
  • the heat conducting ribs are formed from elements which are inserted between the individual pairs of films and which resemble corrugated metal sheets. In principle, any other embodiments, such as, for example, ribs, bosses, cones or the like soldered onto the pairs of films, would also be conceivable.
  • cavities 10 which form that region of the heat exchanger 1 which is on the heat transfer medium side.
  • a heat transfer medium in particular a gaseous heat transfer medium A, can then flow through these cavities 10 perpendicularly to the plane of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the heat exchanger 1 .
  • a plurality of pairs of films 5 and the heat conducting ribs 6 arranged between them can be seen again.
  • a single terminating film 11 is laid as an upper and a lower termination of the heat exchanger 1 , onto the bundle stacked alternately from the pairs of films and the heat conducting ribs.
  • spacers 12 are arranged between the individual pairs of films in the region of the conduit elements 2 , 3 .
  • the housing 4 has, in the plane perpendicular to the inflowing heat transfer medium A or the outflowing heat transfer medium A′, at least approximately the shape of a conduit element, here of a pipeline element of round cross section.
  • the structure consisting of the heat exchanger 1 and the housing 4 can thus be integrated, without further pressure losses, into an already existing pipeline of comparable diameter.
  • the cylindrical shape of the housing 4 affords sufficient stability, along with comparatively small wall thicknesses, with the result that costs and weight can be saved.
  • guide plates 13 are fitted into the housing 4 .
  • the guide plates 13 ensure that the volume flow of the heat transfer medium A flows through the region of the heat exchanger 1 and does not, for example, flow past the heat exchanger 1 .
  • the heat exchanger 1 is designed to be self-supporting here, as already mentioned above, and is fastened to the two conduit elements 2 , 3 in the housing 4 .
  • the conduit element 2 the inlet orifice for the medium B to be evaporated and/or superheated, the fastening is, in principle, a fixed bearing 14 .
  • the conduit element 2 may, for example, be screwed or welded in the housing 4 .
  • the conduit element 3 forms, in principle, a loose bearing 15 .
  • the loose bearing 15 it becomes possible for the conduit element 3 (and therefore also for the heat exchanger 1 ) to move relative to the housing 4 . Consequently, elongations in the heat exchanger 1 caused by heating due to the hot heat transfer medium A can be absorbed without pronounced material stresses occurring in the materials of the heat exchanger 1 .
  • the loose bearing is formed, in principle, by a conduit element 16 surrounding the conduit element 3 .
  • the conduit element 16 has two rigid end pieces 16 a, 16 b, a flexible conduit portion 16 c being arranged between the two rigid end pieces 16 a, 16 b.
  • the rigid portion 16 a, facing the housing, of the conduit element 16 is connected (for example welded) firmly to the housing 4 .
  • the conduit element 3 of the heat exchanger 1 is connected rigidly to the conduit end 16 b uncoupled from the rigid conduit end 16 a by the flexible conduit portion 16 c.
  • This connection too, may, for example, be a welded connection.
  • the design of the heat exchanger has, in this case, great flexibility, since only the number of pairs of films 5 and heat conducting ribs 6 need be adapted to accommodate a desired output to be transmitted.
  • the heat exchanger 1 can then be inserted into any conduit element, as the housing 4 , with a diameter suitable for this purpose, and can therefore easily be integrated into an existing system.
  • the device described is used preferably in fuel-cell systems for the evaporation and/or superheating of educts. From these evaporated educts, preferably a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon/water mixture, the hydrogen required for the fuel cell is then generated in a so-called gas generation system. In this case, preferably, the waste gas from the fuel cell is used on the heat transfer medium side.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
US09/769,770 2000-01-26 2001-01-26 Apparatus for evaporating and/or superheating a medium Abandoned US20010023760A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10003273.7 2000-01-26
DE10003273A DE10003273B4 (de) 2000-01-26 2000-01-26 Vorrichtung zum Verdampfen und/oder Überhitzen eines Mediums

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20010023760A1 true US20010023760A1 (en) 2001-09-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/769,770 Abandoned US20010023760A1 (en) 2000-01-26 2001-01-26 Apparatus for evaporating and/or superheating a medium

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20010023760A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1120621A1 (de)
DE (1) DE10003273B4 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100051249A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2010-03-04 Panasonic Corporation Heat exchanger and its manufacturing method
US20100051246A1 (en) * 2006-12-08 2010-03-04 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute High temperature and high pressure corrosion resistant process heat exchanger for a nuclear hydrogen production system
US20100243200A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Modine Manufacturing Company Suction line heat exchanger module and method of operating the same
US20120261099A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-10-18 Sei Chugen Heat Exchanger
US20140224452A1 (en) * 2013-02-08 2014-08-14 Dana Canada Corporation Heat exchanger with annular inlet/outlet fitting

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10160834B4 (de) * 2001-12-11 2007-03-15 P21 - Power For The 21St Century Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Verdampfen und Überhitzen wenigstens eines Mediums sowie Brennstoffzellensystem
DE102004010640A1 (de) * 2004-03-05 2005-09-22 Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine Plattenwärmeübertrager
KR100992340B1 (ko) * 2009-01-12 2010-11-04 두산중공업 주식회사 연료극 가스 가열 겸용 연료전지용 증기 발생기

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1277872A (en) * 1968-06-06 1972-06-14 Delaney Gallay Ltd Improvements in and relating to heat exchangers
US3800868A (en) * 1972-04-14 1974-04-02 Curtiss Wright Corp Heat exchanger
CA2075686C (en) * 1992-04-03 2003-02-11 Nobuyuki Okuda Stack type evaporator
DE4426692C1 (de) * 1994-07-28 1995-09-14 Daimler Benz Ag Zweistufige Verdampfereinheit für einen Reaktant-Massenstrom und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100051249A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2010-03-04 Panasonic Corporation Heat exchanger and its manufacturing method
US20100051250A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2010-03-04 Panasonic Corporation Heat exchanger and its manufacturing method
US8230909B2 (en) 2004-04-14 2012-07-31 Panasonic Corporation Heat exchanger and its manufacturing method
US20100051246A1 (en) * 2006-12-08 2010-03-04 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute High temperature and high pressure corrosion resistant process heat exchanger for a nuclear hydrogen production system
US8381803B2 (en) * 2006-12-08 2013-02-26 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute High temperature and high pressure corrosion resistant process heat exchanger for a nuclear hydrogen production system
US20100243200A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Modine Manufacturing Company Suction line heat exchanger module and method of operating the same
US20120261099A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-10-18 Sei Chugen Heat Exchanger
US9182176B2 (en) * 2011-02-15 2015-11-10 Chugen Sei Heat exchanger
US20140224452A1 (en) * 2013-02-08 2014-08-14 Dana Canada Corporation Heat exchanger with annular inlet/outlet fitting
US9829256B2 (en) * 2013-02-08 2017-11-28 Dana Canada Corporation Heat exchanger with annular inlet/outlet fitting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10003273A1 (de) 2001-08-09
DE10003273B4 (de) 2005-07-21
EP1120621A1 (de) 2001-08-01

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: XCELLSIS GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MOTZET, BRUNO;TISCHLER, ALOIS;WEISSER, MARC;REEL/FRAME:011778/0627;SIGNING DATES FROM 20010108 TO 20010120

AS Assignment

Owner name: BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS AG, GERMANY

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:XCELLSIS GMBH;REEL/FRAME:013193/0248

Effective date: 20020226

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION