US1991874A - Centrifugal apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 19,1935. F, l, wlLLlAMs 1,991,874

CNTRIFUGAL APPARATUS Feb. 19, 1935. F. l. WILLIAMS CENTRIIFUCIAT..l APPARATUS Filed Ag. 19, 195o a sheets-sheet 2 Feb. 19, 1935. k F. 1. WILLIAMS 1,991,874

CENTEEFUG'AL APPARATUS Filed'ug. 19, 1930 a sheets-sheet s Feb.l 19, 1935. F. l. WILLIAMS 1,991,874

CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 19, 1930 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Feb. 19, 1935. 1 F, l, WILUAMS 1,991,874

CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 lFiled. Aug. 19, 1950 Feb. 19, 1935. F. 1. WILLIAMS 1,991,874

cENTRFUGL APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Fild Aug. 19, 1930 Feb. 19, 1 935. F. l. wlLLlAMs CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 19, 195o 8 sheets-sheet 'I Feb.v 19, 1935. F. l. wlLLlA-Ms 1,991,874

' CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 l Filed Aug. 19, 195o Patented Fel). 19, 1935 sin@ 1 PATENT orrrcl'z v 11,991,874 4 eENmRl-FUGAL APPARATUS? Frank Ii WilliaS, yd Park', Mass., Yassign'or to' erican 'Poot 'and Machine Park, lvla'ssa,V a; corporation of Company, Hyde' Massachusetts Appucatibnnugustia.1930', serial'N'o. 476,283 Momma. (cra raaf-neer 'llhisfinventionrelates to'ma'chines such' as ce'n-` trif'uga-l hydro'-eX'tractors-` and like: apparatus' hav'-,y ing a. closure memberv which must be kept? closed' while* the'mach'ine isfi'n" operation in' order toipre'ef or cover at' its topto aiiordr accessA to the inner rotary container orzbasket; Interests of safety', economy, andi enoiency" of: operation are'. best ment of parts. In accordance Witlir the paratus off this general present invention ape" character' may Be equipped:v with; someV releasa'ble retaining" rneans4 a cover ini closed pot-:

such as4 a latch, rforliolding: sition, and connectionsmay vbe interposed betweenl such releasable meansvandf a? controldevice adapted-to be operatedg byY an element' whichparf takes of the' rotary movement of' the basket.- While this control' device'- adaptedto be driveny either' directly from or with the rotary member', and to beeiective'- soi long asV the basket rotates, to prevent withdrawal of theretaining member and therebyto assure that the door or cover will' notfberemoved whileitheg f Yinaligs'l 4, 5 and 6';1

is: preferred that this control' device remain nor-f mally idle'and'thatmeajns-b'e provided `for setting' itin motion (if the basket isrotating) Whenever' anf attempt is made' to 1initiatewithdra-wal.v oil` the retaining-"membexz In thisn way, cover is: effectively preventedzwhile"thermachine i is in motion and yet the control apparatusv` opthecover latchingv devices;

away', showing may assume different' forms; it preferablyI comprisesV a1 rotatable'part substantially on the 'line`10-10 of Fig. 9';

removal off theerates only when an attempt is being made tol openl the cover.v trol mechanism f toprevent premature removal of the cover.- equipped with: a;` garit The invention is :adapted for use with machines equipped withv an' individual" motor drive asv Well' Vasv'vith machines `which receive power from a'main' shaft and whichare controllediby` shifting a belt, meansV for controlling vthe ap-A to'machines o'f the latter' type; Furthermore, theV features of'.4 the invention` may f bev embodied in a; machine during the manufacf ture.v thereof or apparatus -includin'gthesefeatures l may be: supplied asia separater'unit` adapted: to be applied to machinesnow inA service... 1

In the drawings: Fig'. 1l isfa side View,A partlyin sideelevation and:

partly in' section, of a centrifugal hydro-texiV tractor;`

Fig'. 1a *isV a:fragmentary detail` showng'vpart of `Fig-.- 2- is a top` plan View;` with partsbroken cover shown inFig. lJtand some of the parts as-v sociated therewith;

Fig. 6is a fragmentary top plan' View sho'wing someof the parts illustrated in Figs; 4 and 5f;

Fig'. 7 is al detailsection, to'larger scale, taken li'ne" 7-"7A of Fig. 4;

Fig. V8 is a fragmentary side elevation illus-` trating` the operation ofthe apparatus shown Figi; 9 vis atop plan'vie'w of'ione embodiment ofmy'control device;V Y l Fit; ,10= isa sectionl taken substantially ont-he Fig; 11 isav sectional elevation' of form: ofcontrol device; Y l

Fig. l2 is a section taken substantiallyY along the line12-12 of Fig. 1li;

, Figs.V 13 and 1'4 are sidel a modified and 12;

Fig'.l 15: is a side elevationY showing a,-cii1e1ferit` rIlhis arrangement saves thecona` portion of the apparatus displanview' of apparatus' similar elevationsV showing- Y ,portions of the apparatus shown in Figs. 11

embodiment of the invention as applied to a centrifugal machine equipped with an overhead belt drive;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary top plan view of the vcentrifugal machine and cover control apparatus shown in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary side apparatus as shown in Fig. 16;

Figs. 18 and 19 are views similar to Fig. 16 but showing the movable parts in different relative positions; v

Figs. 20 and 21 are diagrammatic fragmentary plan views illustrating simple arrangements in which the machine brake is actuated by the same handle which controls the carrier locking means; l'and v Fig. 21a is a detail view illustrating a brake actuating cam.

elevation of the The invention as illustrated in the drawings is embodied in a centrifugal hydro-extractor comprising the exterior housing or curb member 10 which is suspended by means of the pivotal /links 11 from the pedestals 12, the latterbeing mounted upon the bed plate 13. The housing encloses a rotary member or basket 16 which may or may not have a perforated outer wall as desired, and a central, moreor less conical hub 14 which is fast on the vertically disposed shaft 17, the latter being rotatably supported in bearings 18, 19 carried by the curb member. At its lower end the shaft 17 has flxed'thereto a pulley 2l which transmits power delivered by the driving belt 22 from the driving motor 23 to the shaft `17 kfor effecting vrotation of the basket.

The curb member 19 has an opening in its top wall for affording access to the basket member 16, and this opening is closed by a removable closure member, guard, or cover 24. A rod 26 extends transversely across the cover at the under side of thelatter, and at one end is provided with'V a conical end portion or locking pin 26e, which engages a complementary recess or socket in a bracket 27 fixed to the curb member. A spring 2Gb tends to retract the pin`26L so as to avoid damage in closing the cover, and the rod 26carries an operating handle 28 for engaging the locking pin 26a with the recess in the bracket 27, or for usein retracting the pin if the spring fails to act.`

The other end of the rod 26 is pivotally connected to an arm 29 (Fig. 2) which is fast on a shaft 3l. This shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings 32 carried by the curb member and constitutes a hinge pin which is received in eyes 33 on the cover so as tion between the cover and the curb member. The shaft 31 also carries at one end a lever 34. This lever has an arm 34a constituting an abutment and provided with an under surface which, when the cover is closed, is substantially horizontal, and overlies a pivotally mounted segmental latch or retaining member 36. So long as the latch underlies the arm 34a it is impossible to swing the lever 34 or to turn shaft 31, and thus thelatch pin 26e can not be released from'the socket in bracket 27. To open the` cover it is necessary therefore to swing the from under the lever arm 34a so that the latter may be swung in a counterclockwise direction as lviewed in Fig. 1. Y

To facilitate withdrawal of lthe latch 36, the latter is provided with an arm 37 pivotally connected to a link 38, the other end of which is pivotally connected to a crank arm 39 Y the vertically disposed shaft 41 (Fig. 1,) supportto provide a hinged connecrjustable collar 67 (Figs. 13 and 14).

latch 36 out upper abutment member 54a,

carried by ed in bearings 40 on the curb member. This shaft is provided at its upper end with an operatingV handle 42 and at its lower end with a. crank 43 (Fig. 1) which is pivotally connected to a link 44.

To prevent actuation of the handle 42 toretract the latch 36 while the basket is rotating, the other end of the link 44 is connected to a controldevice, indicated generally at 4.5.

As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, this control device is mounted upon a movable frame or supporting arm 46 which is mounted to pivot on a. stud 47 l (Fig. 1) depending from the lower side of the curb member. A vertically disposed shaft 48 (Fig. 10) is fixedly connected to the support'- prising the loose pulley 49 preferably provided with a friction band on its rim. This pulley is disposed in substantially the same horizontal plane as the basket driving pulley 21 and is normally spaced therefrom; by swingingv the arm 46 the pulley 49 maybe caused to engage the belt which drives pulley 21 and is thereby caused to rotate at high speed. The pulley 49 carriesY a plurality of bell crank levers 51 (three being shown) which are pivotally mounted to swing outwardly under the action of centrifugal'force. The lower ends of these levers have inwardly di rected toes 51a which engage a slidable collar 52 which is mounted upon the rotatable' part 49. Just above the slidable collar 52, the non-rotatable shaft 48 is enlarged and has an axially slidable abutment member 53 keyed thereon. The uppermost portion of the shaft is somewhat smaller than the intermediate enlarged portion and carries another abutment member 54 which y is free to rotate on the shaft` 48 and is provided with a radial arm 61. Another radial arm 56 is fixed on the shaft 48 by'means of a set screw 57.

The juxtaposed abutment members 53 and 54 carry .opposed interengageable projections or teeth 58 and 59 respectively. .The arm 61 (Figj 9) is preferably Yintegral with the abutment member 54, `and the linkv 44y is connected to the outer end of thisarm. A spring 62 connects the arms 56 and 61 and tends to keep them vin theU relative position shown in Fig. 9.

The modified form of control device shown in. Figs. 11 and 12 is 'similar in many respects tothe one just described, mounted to turn freely on a they arm 46. The pulley 49a carries a friction plate 64 on its upper surface. The 4shaft 48 is provided, near its upper end with a fixed but ad- Ar coil spring 68 embraces the shaft 48a between the collar 67 and the friction plate 64. The collar 67 is fixed in position on the shaft 48a by meantv of a set screw 70. This collar carries depending pivotally mounted lifting dogs 69 which have depending varms 71 normally.` disposed between spaced lugs 72 on the upper surface of the friction plate 64. Each dog 69 has spaced upwardly extending ears disposed at opposite sides of its pivot, both ears normally surface of an abutment member 53a which is slidably mounted on the shaft 48il and kept from turning by means of key 74. Whenever one of the dogs 69 is tilted in either direction, it will lift the abutment member 53a, or projections into engagement shaft 48l fixed t0 with those of the members being similar tothe members 53 and 54 ofFig.9.- Y

carrying its teeth ing arm 46 and carries a rotatable part comcomprising av pulley 49'A Y engaging the underV vthese' abutment which the lever arm 34a 1,991,894; dogs: 69 are disposed approxi, apart and midway/between theseV `A modied form of cover locking'apparatusis shown in Figs..4 to 8, the cover 81 (Fig. 7.) in

this instance being provided with-a fixedllatch endwhich is` received. in`

pin 82 having a conical the complementary socket formedinf thevjuxt'a.- posed bracket are provided with aligned elongate slots 86 (Fig-8). isv rotatably mounted in these slots and in bearings 88 carried by the curb member.` An opere ating lever 89 is fixedly mounted upon the outer end of the rotatable shaft 87, said lever having an arm 8921V (Fig. 5)'adapted to over-lie a segmenthrough the arm 37- and the-,link- 38 to the operating `shaft 4,1.` Between `each pair of webs 84, an arm 92- (Fig. 6) is flxedly mounted on the shaft 87. The end of this arm is slotted,` as indicated at 93I (Fig. 8) slidably to receive a pin 94 by which the arm Webs 84. v

Referring to the construction showin in Figs.-

1,' 2, 3, 94 andl 1'0, it is necessary, in order to re-l' move the cover, to turn the operating handle 42 in a c'ounterclockwise direction,y as viewedin Fig. 2. Such motion of the handle," if permitted, will withdraw the segmental latch 36 from the path opening of theV cover.Y However, counterolock- Wise movement of the mitted through the link'4'4 Vto the arm 61v (Fig. 9) and thus to the rotatable abutment member 54 (Figs.`9 and 10). Since the contractile spring 62 resists separation of the arms 61" and 56, the first effect of' swinging the arm 61 is to swing the entire control device 45 on its pivotal support 47 so as to bring the pulley 49 into engagementwith the driving belt 22, thereby effecting rapid rotation of the rotatable 'part 49. The parts are so arranged that the rotatable part 49Y is brought into engagement with the driving belt before the latch member 36 can be removedfrom engagement with the lever arm 34a. As soon as the pulley 49 isset in rotation, vcentrifugal force is effective tot their longer arms outwardly and thereby to cause their toes 51a to raisethe collar 52 and to eiiectengagement between'the interengageable abutments 58 andi 59 carried by the opposed abutment members 53 and 54 respectively. As the member 53 is held from rotation on the nonrotatable shaft 48 by the key that rotation of the upper abutment member 54 will be prevented whenever the interiitting abutments 58 and 59 are engaged abutment 54 is connected through the arm 61 to the link 44, it follows that further movementof the operatinghandle 42 will be effectively prevented, and consequently .the latch 36 cani not be removed from beneath the lever 34e.

On the other hand, when the basket, andthe parts associated therewith, is not in` motion, it

will be seen that engagement of the pulley 49 22 will. not disturb the bell withv the driving` belt cranks 51 andconsequentlythe abutment members.` 53.1 and 54 .will remain. in spaced relation, as

83 carried by the cu'rbmember.4

A- hinge pini 87l is connected to 'the adjacent must take to permit handlea42 is also trans? cause the bell cranks 51v to Vswing 50, it will be seen and as the upperV permitV removal of the latch the lever 34a. This having been accomplished, the armi 34' may be swung baclrwardlyV` to with*- draw theplunger 26 and thereby to permit openingof the' cover 24.

The apparatusshown in ates in the. same general manner as that just described except that friction clutch there' is a corresponding tendency for the friction` plate' to rotate and to carry the lugs 72 (Fig. 14)' against the depending arms 71` of the dogs 69, and thereby to swing the dogs about their pivots, this motion being effective, as shown inV Fig. 14,. to raise the abutment member 53a into engagement with the abutment 54a. 'Ihe cover operating apparatus shown in Figs. 4to: 6 may be associated with eitherv of the control devices previouslyfdescribedl To removethe cover 81, as shown in these latter figures, it is necessary to turn the operating handle189in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 8, and this can be effected only after the latch 91 has vbeen moved out of lthe path of movement of this lever. When this has been accomplished,l Ymovement of this lever backwardly is effective (through the rotatable shaft 87 and the fixed arms 92 carried thereby) to move the pins 94 carried by the spaced websV 84 backwardly. This movement results in arranging this mechanism in theposition shown in the dotted lines in Fig. 8 from which it will be seen that the rotary hinge pinis disposed inthe forward end of the slots 86. As this hinge pin isV carried by fixed bearings 88, it will` bey evident that the movement just Ydescribed results in displacing the cover'81 sufficiently'to the left, as viewed in Fig. 4, to remove the latch'pin S2 from the socket in the abutment 83 (Fig. 7)' so that the cover may be swung vabout the hingepin4 87Y to its open position.y

In theinstallation shown in Figs. l5 to 19 the inventionis illustrated as applied to a centrifugal machine having an overhead, `belt drive. The machine illustrated comprises a curbv member'lOl provided withY a number. of pads or feet 102 by means of which it is supported upon the operating fioor 103. The curb member 101 encloses a rotary basket .(notshown) which ismounted upon' a vertically disposed shaftV 104, the latter extending downwardly through a suitable opening 106 in thefioor and carryinga fixed pulley 107 disposed above' the' lower shaft bearing. Power for opera- Figs. 1`1 and 12A operting the machine is .transmitted to the fixed pulley through the belt 108 which'is trained over the fastV pulley1`09 on' the counter shaft 110 and' passes through a` suitable opening 111v in the floor and around! a pair of guide pulleys 112, only one of the latter pulleys being shown in Fig. 15. These guide pulleys 112 are mounted in a suitable bracket.1`13'which rests on afoundation structure 114. The counter shaft is equipped with a fixed pulley 116 andialoose pulley 117. Power' is trans- V to which a link 124is pivotally connected. The'V other end of this link is pivotally connected to 'an arm 126 which is slidable longitudinally in aligned recesses in the ends of a U-shaped bracket member 127, which embraces a vertical 'rotary rock-shaft 128. rIhis U-shaped bracket is adapted to be 128 by means of a set screw 129, and it will also be seen that adjustment locks the arm 126 in adjusted position against the shaft 128. This rock-shaft 128, which may conveniently be a length of pipe, is journaled at its upper and lower ends in suitable bearings 131 and 132.

The curb member is provided with a cover 133 which is mounted on the curb by means of the hinges 134. In order to control the opening of this cover, an elongate finger or bar 136 is arranged to extend transversely across the upper side of the cover in a pos'tion to prevent opening of the latter when the parts are arranged as shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 17. At its outer end the ringer 136 carries a depending arm 137 which is adjustably held in xed position with respect to a movable block 138 by means of a pin and slot connection 139 (Fig. 17) uniting the arm 137 and an upwardly projecting arm 141 carried by the block 138. An elongate substantially hori-V zontal bar 142 is fixedly connected to the block:

138 by a bolt 143. This bar has an offset 144 intermediate its ends providing the elongate abutment portion 142a to cooperate with a cam 146.

A bracket 147 is mounted upon any iixed support as upon the curb member 101 and has parallel upper and lower openings therein forming bearings for a pair of sliding rods 148 which pass through similar aligned openings in and slidably support the movable block member 13S. The bracket 147 extends outwardly beyond the bar 142 and provides a bearing for the upper part of the vertically disposed operating shaft' 149 which carries the cam 146. A handle 151 is xedly mounted on the upper end of the shaft 149 and this shaft also carries another cam 152 which is disposed above the cam 146.so as to be out of the path of movement of the abutment 142a of the bar 142.

A bracket having a handle 153 unites the rods 148 at their left-hand ends as viewed in Fig. 17 and at their other ends these rods are iixedly connected to a bracket 154 which is pivotally connected to an arm 156. (Fig. 16). This arm is adjustably secured to the vertically disposed rock shaft 128 by means of a U-shaped bracket 157 and a set screw 158 in the same manner that the arm 126 is mounted upon the upper portion of the same shaft. rlhe handle 153 also carries a xed abutment 159 which has a flat side adapted to fit squarely against the body of the bracket 147 and an arcuate side arranged to permit the cam 152 to move behind this abutment when the latter is positioned against the bracket 147.

The lower end of the operating shaft 149 is supported in bearings carried by fixed arms 161, 162 (Figs. 16 18) mounted upon the foundation structure. At this lower end the shaft 149 also carries a xed arm 163 (Fig. 16) which is pivotally connected to alink 164. This link vis connected at its other end to the arm 61 of the control device 45 previously described, the control device being movably mounted upon a fixed shaft 166 carried by any stationary portion of the apparatus, preferably by the curb member. The operation of this rotary control deviceis preheld in fixed position on the shaft.

of the set screw alsoA and the arm 156 to Ciseiy the same in this 'relationship Yas npreviously described`V mbodiments-of the invention,

the rotatable member r49being adapted to engage the belt 108 as the handle' 151 is moved to release the ycam 146 from the oifset144. A

Referring to the apparatus shown in Figs. to 19 and assuming that the parts are arranged as shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 17 and that the belt 118 is on the fast pulley 116, power is transmitted through the counter shaft 110, the pulley 109, belt 108, to the pulley 107,011 the shaft 104 which operates the basket within the curb member 101.

While .power is thus being transmitted to loperate the machine, the locking finger 136 is disposed across the top of struct' opening movement of the latter. The retaining nger 136, due to its connection with the bar 142, is held in this position by engagement of the cam 146, carried by the shaft 149 with the oifset 144 ofthe bar 1,42. Due to the connection oi the rotary controldevice 45 with the operating shaft 149, it will be seen that before the necessary movement of the handle 151 can be made to remove thecam 146 from the path of the oiset 144, thecontrol device 45 will be actuated by engagement with the driving belt 108 to lock the operating shaft 149, thereby locking the cam 146 in the path of movement of the offset 144; To remove theretaining finger 136 from its position above the cover it is necessary therefore first to move the handle 153 to the right as shown in the drawings unt" the` abutment member 159 reaches the bracket 147. This movement of the handle 15,3 vis transmitted'through the rods 148 the rock shaft 128 and effects such rotation of the latter shaft as is Iequired to operate the belt shifter 119 to shift the belt from the fast pulley 116 to the loose pulley 117.

The parts are shown in this position in Fig. 18,. At this time the rotary control device still functions to lock the cam 146 in the set 144 as long' as the driven pulley 107 is in motion and therefore locks the retaining fingerA in positionrto obstruct opening movement of thev cover as shown in Fig. 18 until such time as the machine has practically come to rest. When the the cover 13S-in position to ob#v path of the offbasket no longer has any appreciable motion, the

operating handle 151 may be turned in a counterclockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 18,to the position shown in Fig. 19. This movement of the operating handle removes the cam 146 from the path of the offset 144 so that the retaining finger 136 may be moved vto the right to a position such as that shown in Fig. 19 where this finger no of the cover. Moreover, movement of the handle tothe position shown in Fig. 19 brings the cam 152 behind the abutment 159 in a position to lock the latter against'the bracket 147. The 'portion 142a of the bars the straight side of the cam 146 so as to lock this cam and the operating handle 151 and the cam 152 in the position shown in Fig. 19.9.5 long as the retaining yfinger is in a positionshown'in this iigure. It will be seen therefore that the belt 118 can not be shifted from the loose pulley, due to the fact that the belt shifter 119 is locked by cam 152.,

Before operation of the machine can be resumed, it is necessary first to close the cover and to move the retaining finger 136 to the extreme left, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16. This permits the cam 146 to move in behind the offset 144 and at the same time the cam 152 moves out of the 142 at this time engages Y longer obstructs opening y Vleft to the .position shown in Figs. aand `16 the Abelt may be shifted tothe fast 4pulley and .thus the machine may be set in motion.

. Under certain circumstances it'may be -pre Aferredjto keep the rotary element "49 (or '49%) of the control-device constantlyinoperativeengagement with the driving element, `this :being per- -mlssiblesince the'device is yieldably mounted and thus -not injurediby the passageofbelt lacings-or Ythe-like, butasthe constant -drive Vof these controller parts at high speed requiresfgreatfcarein above described and illustrated.

In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. land 21, I ,provide for the actuation of the machine brakeby the same handle whichcontrols the cover locking means,-thus reducing the number of;parts :to-,avminimum Since it is often desirable, for example, ,to facilitate loading or unloading the basket to have the basket freeto turn after the machine has stopped, Ipreferably employ brake actuating means which causes the brake toact only long enough :to-stop the -basket,'whereupon the brake is `released, and'when such anarrangement is :em-

played, :the icover locking'means is so combined withthe Vbrake operating device that the cover can not be opened until the baske'tis definitely .stopped -and the ybrake released.

4In Fig. :l la :brake actuating handle .165 .isin- `dicated vin ,dotted Alines in :addition to the cover latch releasing :shaft 41, fbut `in Figs. 20 and 21 a v:single shaft 166, provided with a handle 167, is :employed for'actuating `the fbrake shoe zorzband as wellzas the cover releasingconnections v.The drive .pulley 21 is.provided'witha brake drum`168 (Figs. 1 `and 20) embraced vby abrake band ,.169 (Fig. '20) which may fbe'supported, :and conned if desired, in any suitable way, forexample 4as disclosed in my copending yapplication -Serial No. 449,466, filed May 8, 1930, such supportingmeans vseries of `holes for the vreception ofbolts permitting the angular adjustment of the flange.'

An anchor rod 171iis attachedat one end to Vthe .brake 'band and .passes `throughna xed apertured abutment 172 depending lfrom the 'flange 1,70;` This rod is vprovided witha 4stop 173 to prevent excess movementvof'the brake rod relative to vthe lug 172, `and `a' coiled .spring 172aencirc1es the rod, lbearing at one endagainst the abutment 172 and at its other end against .an adjustable nut 174 on theend of the rod.

The opposite end ofthe brake band is secured lto an actuating rod 175 normally disposed substantially at right-angles to the rod 171 and connected (preferably adjustably) at `its end to a lever 176 Vadapted to vswing on axed pin 177. A spring 178 anchored to a convenient iixed'part .normally tendsfto swing the lever 176 so as `to release the brake.

`'Ihelever 176 is provided with an offset arm 179 at its free end, saidV arm carrying an adjustable cam follower shoe 180 adapted to engage a `cam 181 on the verticalshaft 166. 'This cam, as more clearly shown in Fig. 21a,.comprises a concentric .or dwell portion 182, -active yor. inclined -187 corresponding fore, -concornitantly .arrow A, causing the- cam portions 183 and 184 respectively, Aand a .fsecond concentric dwell or idle portion :181a of greater iradius than the `part "182. I .Theshaft 16S also carriesa xed arm 18-5 .corresponding to the arm 43 of Fig. 2 anda third arm :lcorresponding tothe arm 39 of Fig. 1. A link -to the :link 44- or" Fig. l2 iconnects the arm 185 'to the controller device, 45

while aflink 183 correspondingto link 33 of. Fig.

2 connects the arm 186 to the 'latch operating arm-37. A

"In -the .normal position of the parts,r `with the .machine rin operation, Lthe'handle 167 isdisposed substantially asshown invFig. 20, the cam follower 180 resting upon `the/dwell portionl-182 of the .cam 181 and .the 4rotating yelementfli) of the conspaced from thedrivebelt -When the machine is Ito beY stopped, -the ,power is cutoff in any desired-manner, either be- With, v.or after actuation of the brake applying handle. Tc'apply the brake, the handle 167 is swung in -theldirection ofthe `follower 18.0 to ride .up the activeicamsurface18S-:onto thedwellportion -181a where yit .islleld withfthe brakein oper- -ative position.V .g

During this movement vthe arms 185 and 186 move in .a lcounterclockwise direction, asv viewed in Fig. `20, .causing'thelinks l87and 188 .to.sw.ing, but without substantialoperative effect upon the control-devicef45-or onthelatchfB. I Y 'If `novvit-be attempted, `with `the brake, set to move the handle 167 furthery while the basket is rotating, `:the vlink `187 vwillbe `moved beforethe camafollower .180 ,leaves the dwell 18.13 so as to bringithecontrol ldevice 45intoloperation. If the basket is still turning,

.the control .limits .further 1 movement of the handle 167 and thus vprevents withdrawal of 4the .latcl-1.36, but when the basket has stopped, ythe handle .16.7 .may be rmoved fur- `'ther .to `a point `such .asv-to :withdraw .the `latch .36

.andpermit the.co.ve`r tobeiopened. Y Substantial- A1y vat .the ysame time the ,cam rfollower 180,rides .down `thecam rincline A184. `onto the d-well 182, `re `leasing `the -brake andi-permitting the basket .to be turned ffreely by hand, which facilitates loading -and unloading. Y

InFig. 21 the parts correspond to thoseof Fig. 20 Vexceptthat .in place of abrake band 169, -a brakeshoe .190 .is employed, said -shoe being con- .nected-directly-to a lever 1.76a .corresponding to the flever .1.76 of Fig. 20.

. As shown in Figs. `20 and.2.1, thecontroldevice is moved into .operation by Aa thrust of Vthe `link 187:instead of byalpull .on :the link, .as in the .ar-rangement. of Fig. 42, .for example, .but ,these different arrangements are regarded asiull equivalents of one another.

I claim:

. .1; A centrifugal apparatuscomprising .a curb .having .an open top,

a rotary basket within the curb, a cover for the top opening of the curb, means comprising a latch for locking the cover in Vclosed position w 'le the basket is rotating, alhandle forreleasing the latch, a latch 'controller having a normally stationary but rotatable member and parts which become effective upon rotationof said member to. prevent completion of the latch releasing movement of said handle, a driven element rotatable with said basket, said element being engageable with said rotatable V`member but normally held disengaged therefrom, and means actuable upon attempted latch releas- 'ing movement-of the handle -to'bring the rotatable member of the latch controller into engagement Yfor locking the releasable with said driven element thereby to initiate roa rotary member, a

Yconnection between the rotary member and the rotatable part, releasable means for holding the closure over the opening, means effective on movement of the releasable means for effecting said driving connection, opposed members having interengageable abutments, means for'supporting the opposed members for relative movement toward and from each other to effect engagement 'and disengagement -of the interengageable abut- -ments, connections for movingl one of the opposed members with the releasable means, and means eifective on rotation of the rotatable part for producing relative motion of the opposed members to cause engagement of the abutments means.

3. The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the rotary member, the housing having an opening for affording access to the rotary member, and a removable closure for the opening, of a rotatable part, means providing a driving connection between the rotary member and the rotatable part for driving the latter, opposed interengageable abutment members, means for holding one of the abutment members from rotation, means responsive to rotation of the rotatable part for effecting engagement of the abutment members, releasable means for holding the closure over the opening, and means responsive to attempted release of the releasable means for effecting rotary movement of the other of the abutment members. Y

4. The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the rotary member, the housing having an opening for affording access to the rotary member, and a removable closure for the opening, of a non-rotatable shaft, a rotatable part on the shaft, means providing a driving connection between the rotary member and the rotatable part for driving the latter, opposed relatively movable abutment members mounted on the shaft, means effective on rotation of the rotatable part for effecting relative movement of the abutment members axially of the Vshaft* for effecting engagement of the abutment members, means for holding one of the abutment members from rotary movement relative tothe shaft. releasable means for holding the closure over the opening in the housing, and means responsive to attempted release of the releasable lmeans for effecting rotary movement of the other of the abutment members relative to the shaft. ,A

5. The combination withV a rotary member, a housing forthe rotary member, the housing having an opening for affording access'to' the rotary member, and a closure for the opening, of releasable means forr holding the closure in closed position, a non-rotatable shaft, a rotatable part on the shaft, means for supporting the shaft for movement'to a position for driving the rotatable part with the rotary member, relatively fixed and rotatable arms on the shaft, an eXtensible and `contractible connection between the arms, means effective on movement of the releasable means for moving the relatively rotatable arm about the shaft, and means eifective onrotation of the rotatable partfor locking the'relatively rotatable arm to the shaft.

6. The combination with a rotary member, a

housing `for the rotary member, the housing havy ing an opening for affording access to the rotary member, and a closure for the opening, of releasable means for holding sition, a non-rotatable shaft, a rotatable part on the shaft, an arm for supporting the shaft, a pivotal support on the housing for the arm, the arm being movable on this pivotal support to a position where the rotatable part may be driven with the rotary member, relatively fixed and rotatable arms on the shaft, an extensible and contractible spring connecting these arms, means effective on movement of the releasable means for moving the relatively rotatable arm about the shaft, and means effective on rotation of the rotatable part for locking the relatively rotatable arm to the shaft.

7. Control apparatus for locking cover retaining means ofenclosed rotary machines while such machines are in motion, said apparatus comprising a rotatable part adapted to be driven by engagement with a driving member, a movable support for the rotatable part, a connection comprising a spring and a rigid member for transmitting initial releasing movement of the cover retaining means to the movable support for moving the latter to effect driving engagement between the rotatable part and a member driven with the machine, the spring beingrextensible to provide for release of the cover retaining means when the machine is not in motion, means for locking the rigid member of said connection, and means effective on rotation of the rotatable part for rendering the locking means effective.

8. Control apparatus for locking cover retaining means of enclosed rotary machines while such machines are in motion, said apparatus comprising releasable retaining means for holding the cover in closed position, means for locking the releasable retaining means, centrifugally acting means for rendering the locking means effective, and means operable while the machine is in motion and effective on attempted movement of the releasable means for actuating the centrifugallv acting means.

9. In an apparatus for controllingr opening of a cover for an enclosed power-driven rotary machine, the combination of a movable member for holding the cover in closed position, means for controlling theapplication of power to the machine, movable abutment means effective in one position to lock the power controlling means and in another position to lock the movable member,

pivotally mounted rotatable means constructed and arranged to be swung `into engagement with a rotary member driven with the machine, said means being effective while rotating to arrest movement of the abutment means, and means effective upon attempted movement of the latter means While the machine is running for swinging said rotatable means into engagement with said rotary member, thereby to arrest further .movement of said abutment means.

10. In an apparatus for controlling opening of the cover of enclosed rotary machine, the combination of a movable member for holding the cover in closed position, movable abutment means the closure in closed poi for locking the movable member in position to obstruct opening movement of the cover, pivotally mounted rotatable means constructed and arranged to be swung into engagement with a movlng part of said machine, said means being effective while rotating for interrupting movement of the abutment means, and means effective upon attempted movement of the latter means while the machine is running for swinging said rotatable means into engagement with said moving part, thereby to arrest further movement of said latter means. Y

11. In an apparatus Jtor controlling opening of a cover for an enclosed power-driven' rotary machine, Vthe combination of a movable member for holding the cover closed, means for controllingv the application ofA power to the machine, rotary locking means constructed and arranged to control the operation of said `movable member vand power controlling means, said locking `means comprising relatively fixed yabutments, one of the abutments being effective in one position to lock the power controlling means, the other abutment being effective in another position to lock the movable member,V and means for' holding the abutment means in one or these positions.

12. In an apparatus for controlling opening or a cover for enclosed power-driven rotary machina-the combination otra movable; member for holding the cover closed, means for controlling the application of power to the machines,

1 movable locking means constructed and arrange to control the operation of said movablemember and power controlling means, said locking means comprising relatively xed abutments, one of the abutments being effective in one position to look the power controlling means, the other abut- Vment being effective in another positionV to lock thev movable member, rotary engageable with a member driven with the machine and elicotive while in motion to hold said locking means in position to lock the power-controlling means, and

meanseiective upon-movement of said locking means for effecting driving engagement between said driven member and the rotary means.

13. In an apparatus for controlling opening of the cover of enclosed rotary machines, the combination of separately movable cover retaining and power control members, means for locking the cover retaining member in position to ob-v struct opening of the cover, means for concomitantly locking the power control member in position to shut off the power and for unlocking the cover retaining member, pivotally mounted rotatable means effective while rotating for holding the locking means fixed while this machine is in motion, and means operable in response to initial release movement of said locking means for swinging said rotatable means into engagement with a moving part of the machine, whereby to eiiect rotation of said means and arrest further release movement of said locking means.

14. In an apparatus for controlling opening of the cover of enclosed rotary machines, the combination of relatively movable cover retaining and power control members, a fixed support for these members, an offset bar carried by one of said members and disposed substantially parallel to the other of said members, movable abutment means on the fixed support, the abutment means being constructed and arranged to cooperate when in one position with the offset portion of the bar to lock said one of the membersand when in another position to cooperate with another portion of the bar to lock the other of members against the fixed support.

l5. In an apparatus for controlling openingof the cover of enclosed rotary machines, the combination of relatively movable cover retaining and power control members, an offset bar carried by one of said members and disposed substantially parallel to the other of said members, and

latter, said movable means cooperating with the offset portion of the bar whenin one position to lock said one of said members and when in another position cooperating with another portion of the bar to lock the-other of said members.

16. A centrifugal machine having a driven shaft-.carrying a basket, a curb Vfor housing the a cover for the curb, means including a latch'for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping the basket shaft, means including acam for applying the brake, a handle for moving he cam, the cam being so shaped that a given movement of the handle in one direction sets the brake, while furthe' movement of the handle in the same direction releases the brake, and means operable by the handle during such furtherbrake releasing movement for releasing the latch. i

17. A centrifugal machine having a driven shaft carrying a basket, a brake for stopping the shaft,

handle for moving the cam, shaped that a. given movement' of `the vhandle in one direction sets the brake, while further movement 'of the handle in the same direction releases the brake, 'and means to prevent such further brake releasing movement oi' the" handle so long as the basket is turning. l

18,-The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the member, the housing having an opening to provide access to the rotary member, a movable closure for 'the opening, means includ'- ing a latch for holding the closure in closed position, a brake for stopping the rotary member, a handle for applyingtherbrake, connections between said handlefand the latch for releasing the connections being such as to become effective to release the latch only on further movement of the handle in excess to that necessary to apply the brake, and means operative to prevent such further movement of the handle so long as the rotary member isturning. 19. A centrifugal machine having a driving shaft carrying a basket, a curb for housing the basket, a cover for the curb, means including a latch for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping the basket shaft, a handle and means operated thereby for applying the brake, connections between the handle and the latch, said connections being such as to become eiective to release the latch handle on further movement of the handle in excessof that neces- ,sary to apply the brake, and means to prevent ating means becoming eifective to release the` brake upon such further movement of the handle.

20. The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the member, the housing having an opening to provide access to the rotary member, a movable closure for the opening, means including a latch for holding the closure in closed position, a brake for stopping the rotary member, a handle for applying the brake, connections between said handle and the latch for releasing the latter, said connections being such as to become effective to release the latch only on further movement of the handle in excess to that necessary to apply the brake and controller mechanism, comprising an element turning with said rotary member, operative to prevent such further movement of the handle so long as the rotary member is turning. Y

21. A centrifugal machine having a driving shaftV carrying a basket, a curb for housing the basket, a cover'or the curb, means including a latch for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping the basket shaft, a handle, and means operated thereby for applying the brake, connections between the handle and the latch, said connections being such as to become effective to release the latch handle on Y urther movement of the handle in excessief that necessary to apply the brake, and controller` mechanism comprising a rotary element driven in consonance with the basket shaft, operative to prevent such further movement of the handle so long as the drive shaft is turning.

2,2. A centrifugal machine having a driving shaft carrying a basket, a curb for housing the basket, a cover for the curb, means including a latch for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping the basket shaft, a handle and means operated thereby for applying the brake, connections between the handle and the latch, said connections being such as to become effective `to release the latch handle on further movement of the handle in excess of that necessary to apply the brake, and a controller for the latch actuating connections comprising a normally stationary but rotatable element, and parts which are eiective when said element is rotating to prevent latch releasing movement of said connections, and means actuable by said handle, substantially at the completion of the brake settling movement of the latter for causing said rotatable element to rotate until the basket shaft stops.

23. A centrifugal machinehaving a driven shaft carrying a basket, a curb for housing the basket, a cover for the curb, means including a latch for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping the basket shaft, means including a cam for applying the brake, a handle for moving the cam, the cam being so shaped that a given movement of the handle in one direction sets the brake, while further movement of the handle in the same direction releases the brake, connections between the handle and latch, the connections being such as to become effective to release` the latch only during such further brake release movement of the handle, and means operative to preventrsuch further brake release movement of the handle so long turning. l Y

24. Centrifugal apparatus comprising a curb having an open top, a rotary basket within the as the basket is curb, a cover for the top opening of the curb;l

locking .means Vfor holding the cover in closed position while the basket is rotating, a lever `for releasing said locking means, and control mechanism for said locking means, said mechanism comprising a normally stationary but rotatable member, means associated with said member and constructed and arranged to become effective upon rotation of said member to prevent completion of the lock-releasing movement of said lever, a driven element rotatable with said basket and engageable with said member Vbut normally held disengaged therefrom, and means operative upon attempted lock-releasing movement of said said rotatable member and said driven element, thereby to initiate rotation of said rotatable member by said driven element.

FRANK I. WILLIAMS.' y

lever to effectl engagement between

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