US1991021A - Fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

. :s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS Alcolas Zczs ten CI IarZes' .Sezm X QTTCRNEY.

N. LEISTEN El 111.

Filed Feb. 11. 1932 FUEL FEED APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Y M 1 w: 9% 1 I A; \m I l I I I I I I I I III/\ I MM 1w a Feb. 12, 1935.

N. LEISTEN El. l.

FUEL FEED APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 11, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet; 2

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x I 35' k 1 47/ E /8 ll as 6/ r 62 h 69 F 56 INVENTORS Izcalas [ezs tell I 6% arias 6%)? BY 1 F ATTO N EY Pitented'Feb. 12, 1935 1,991,021 I UNITED STATES "PATENT OFFICIEv FUEL FEED APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL 1 COMBUSTION ENGINES Nicolas Leisten and" Charles Senn, Detroit, Mich. Application February 11, 1932, Serial No. 592,277

' 15 Claims. (01. 201-18) This invention relates to fuel feed apparatus of the carburetor, and centrally formed in said for internal combustion engines. head is an orifice 8 for delivery to the mixing An object of the. invention is to provide a chamber of a gaseous fuel. Said orifice is concarburetor eliminating the usual throttle and trolled by a needle valve 9 comprising a stem making an improved provision for thoroughly a mounted for vertical travel axially ofthe mix- 5 atomizing liquid fuel. ing chamber in a pair of spaced plates 10 and Another object is to provide for alternative 11, apertured for the passage of ,air and fuel. delivery of liquid fuel or gas to an internal com- A spring 12 coiled upon the stem of the valve bustion engine. 9 urges the latter upwardly to uncoverv the or-' 10 Another object is to provide improved hyiflce 8, and a cam 13 bearing upon the upper 10 draulic means for controlling such alternative end of said stem is adapted to selectively lower delivery. said stem to regulably close said orifice. Said A iurther object is to thermostatically concam is fast on a shaft 14 extending xteriorly trol the delivery of liquid fuel to a gas genof the carburetor and carrying on'its outer end 15 erator, and thus insure a gas generating teman actuating arm 15.

perature when delivery is established. The valve stem 9 further carries a disk valve These and various other objects the invention member 16 controlling the admission of primary attains by the construction hereinafter deair to the mixing chamber, said member seating scribed, and illustrated in the accompanying on the peripheral wall of the head '1, and said 20 drawings, wherein: wall being flared for that purpose. 20

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of a vehicle Gaseous fuel is adapted to be delivered to the motor diagrammatically showing the hereinorifice 8 from a. gas storage tank 1'7 by way of disclosed provision for fueling said motor, a a pipe 18, and under control ofa valve 19. fragmentary, sectional showing of the vehicle Said tank is suppliedwith gaseous fuel through foot board being further included. a pipe 20 leading from a gas generator carried 25 Fig. 2 is an axial, vertical, sectional view of by the exhaust manifold. the carburetor of said motor, taken upon the This generatorias best appears in Figs. 5 and line'2-2 of Fig. 1. 6) comprises a heating chamber 21 mounted on 1 Fig. 3 is a sectional detail taken upon the and opening into the exhaust manifold and havline 3-3 of Fig. 1 and showing one of several ing a tubular vaporizing pipe 22 extending from duplicate fluid pressure responsive devices for end to end thereof and connected at one end to actuating fuel valves of said carburetor. the pipe 20. Liquid fuel is delivered to the -Fig. 4 is across sectional view of a compressed other end of the pipe 22, after flowing through air heating chamber carried by the exhaust apreheating tube 23 which extends through the manifold of said motor,. taken upon the line casing 21 from end to end thereof, and is bent 35 4-4 of Fig. 1. exteriorly of said casing to enter the vaporizing Fig. 5 is a horizontal, sectional 'view taken pipe and -has within the latter a plurality of upon the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, and showing a gas small outlets 24. The pipe 22 is filled with generator installed in a second heating chamber finely divided metal 25, as for example steel 0 carried by the exhaust manifold. W001, to promote the'heating a d equent Fig. 6 is a vertical, sectional view of the sam vflp l'i m' Of liquid fuel.- taken upon the line H of Fig, 5. Liquid fuel is delivered to the inlet end of Fig. 7 is a. vertical, sectional view of a gas the preheating tube 23 through P pe 6 to pressure regulator, taken upon the line 'lof which it is delivered by any suitable pump 27 Fig. 1. having its intake connected through a pipe 28 45 In these views, the reference character 1 desand suitable branches 0 o u d fuel ignates, an internal, combustion engine voirs 28a. and 28b for respectively storing high intake and exhaust manifolds designated 2 and test and low test liquid fuel. Valves 280 permit 3 respectively. 7 selective connection of these reservoirs to the A carburetor 4 attached to the manifold '2, pump. Achamber 29 for trapping'gas or air is 5;; therebeneath, comprises a mixing chamber 5 preferably connected to said pipe at some interhaving an outlet to said manifold. The primary mediate point thereof. air supply to said mixing chamber is established Branching from the pipe 26 is a pipe 30 leadthrough a plurality of openings 6 formed in a ing to a fuel atomizer comprising a casing- 31 cup-shaped head 7 attached to the lower end having an air inlet 32 nd a 8 Outlet 33 F wardly urged toward an open position by a.

'chamber 21 and fixed at its other end. Said spring 35. For closing said valve, its lower end is engaged by a cam member 36 fast on a shaft 37 carrying a control arm 38.

Air is delivered to the inlet 32 from a compressor 39, which, as illustrated, is united with the pump 27. Such'delivery is efiected through a line comprising pipe sections 40 and 40a between which is interposed an air heating tube 41 positioned in a heating chamber 42 carried by and communicating with the exhaust manifold 3. Thus the secondary air stream delivered to the mixing chamber at 33 is preheated to a predetermined temperature.

Preferably the air heating tube 41 has an inlet 43-thereto for atmospheric air, established through a small fitting 43a extended through -the side wall of the heating chamber 42 (see Fig. .4), said inlet being normally closed by a check valve 43b urgedto its seat by a light spring. If for any reason, the air compressor ceases to function, a vacuum tendency willbe transmitted to the heater tube 41 from the mixing chamber 5 through the pipe section a,

whereby atmospheric pressure will unseat said check valve, admitting atmospheric air to theheating tube to maintain the secondary air supply to the mixing chamber.

The valve 19 is angularly operable by an arm 44. Said arm and ,each of the arms 15 and 38 are individually engaged by links 45 for actuating said arms from plungers 46 reciprocatory in cylinders 47, 47a, and 4717 (see Fig. 3). Within the latter, coiled springs 48 urge said plungers to intermediate positions tending to effect seating of the valve members 9, 34, and 19. For unseating' said valve members, fluid pressure is applicable to the plungers 46 within the cylinders 47 to overcome the springs 48. Thus, said cylinders are individually connected by pipes 49, 49a and 49b, to a primary control cylinder 50 mounted beneath the foot board 51 ofthe motor vehicle and having a piston 52 reciprocatory therein to displace a pressure- 'transmitting liquid through said pipes.

Said piston is operable by a foot pedal 53' positioned above said floor board and connected to the piston through a suitable stem. The pipes'49a and 495 are individually controlledby valves 54c and 54b operable from the driver's seat inot shown). V

It'is preferred to insert in the pipe 18 a pressure regulating device, such .as exemplified in Fig. '1, which will permit gas from the tank 1'1 to flow to the mixing chamber at a definite predetermined pressure regardless of variations of pressure in said tank.

Said device may comprise a casing 55 ha'vin 'aport 56- thereincontrolled by a disk valve member 5'? carried by a diaphragm 58. Said valve member is urged to its'seat by a' spring 59 under pressure regulable by an adjustable plug 60.

by a spring 62 against the intake side of the,

A smaller valve member 61 is urged Preferably liquid fuel delivery to the preheating tube 23 is automatically regulated by a thermostatic valve 64, the stem of which may carry an arm 65 connectedto one end of a rod 66 passing longitudinally through the heating flow of liquid fuel to the preheating and gasgenerating tubes.

In use of the described apparatus, the engine is normally operated on dry gas delivered from the tank 17, the valves.9, 19 and 16 being regulably unseated to admit such gas in a desired volume to the mixing chamber, together with a proportionate volume of primary air. During such normal operation, the valve member 34 is seated, cutting off delivery of liquid fuel to the mixing chamber. To avoid unseating of the last-named valve member responsive to manipulation of the piston 52 by the foot pedal 53 it is necessary during normal operation that the valve 54a be closed, preventing transmission of fluid pressure through the pipe 49a. In operating the engine on dry gas, as described, the fuel delivered to the gas-generating chamber may be kerosene or a low grade of gasoline or the like.

To establish an initial supply of gas in the tank 17, it will, of course, be necessary to operate the engine for at least several minutes on liquid fuel. Liquid fuel operation may be established at any other desired time, and particularly when it is preferred, for any reason,

to employ a good grade of gasoline rather than,

During liquid fuel operation, the fuel is dethermore, a high degree of turbulency results from delivery of the rich mixture of secondary air and fuel into the primary air stream, transversely to the flow of the latter, whereby a still finer subdivision of the fuel is effected. Preheating of the secondary air further tends towards thorough vaporization of the fuel, and

also raises thetemperature of the mixture as In operating on gas, the secondary air stream continues to exercise a mixture-heating function and cooperates further with the primary air to establish proper proportions for the gaseous mixture.

While it is apparent that the illustrated embodiment of our invention is well calculated to adequately fulfill the objects and advantages primarily stated, it is to be understood that the invention is susceptible to variation, modification and change within the spirit and scope of the subioined claims. r.

:delive'red'to the engine to the point-of maximum efliciency.

- for actuating said cam member.

What we claim is:

1. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber having a primary air inlet, means for delivering secondary air to said chamber under compression, means for mixing liquid fuel with the secondary air prior to its discharge into the mixing chamber, and means for delivering gaseous fuel to the mixing chamber.

2. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber, a head closing an end of said chamber having a primary air inlet and having a flared annular wall, and formed with a gaseous fuel inlet,

, a disk valve member seating on said annular wall within said head to control a flow of primary air to the mixing chamber, a valve member controlling the gaseous fuel inlet, and means for operating said valve members in common.

3. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with the exhaust manifold and carburetor thereof, of a gas generator subject to exhaust manifold heat, means for delivering liquid fuel to said generator, means for delivering vaporized fuel from said generator to the carburetor, an air heater carried by said manifold, means for delivering compressed air through said air heater to the carburetor, and means for supplying liquid fuel to the compressed air stream.

4. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with-an engine carburetor, of a gas generator, means for delivering liquid fuel to said generator, means for delivering vaporized fuel from the generator to the carburetor, means for delivering com-- pressed air to the carburetor, means for supplying-liquid fuel to the compressed air stream, and means for applying the exhaust gas heat of said engine to both the generator and said compressed air delivery means.

5. In a fuel feed apparatus, the combination with a carburetor, means for supplying gaseous fuel to the carburetor, means for supplying liquid fuel to the carburetor, valves separately controlling the delivery of said fuels to the carburetor, fluid pressure motors for operating said valves, an actuating element for said motors, and means for rendering said motors selectively responsive to said element.

6. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber, a stem reciprocatory in said chamber, valves carried by said stem individually controlling air and fuel delivery to said chamber, a spring acting on said stem, urging said valves correspondingly from their seats, a cam member terminally engaging said stem .for seating said valves, and means exteriorly carried by the carburetor 7. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal com bustion engines, the combination with a carburetor having a mixing chamber, means for regulably supplying a gaseous fuel to said mixing chamber, means for regulably supplying a liquid fuel to said mixing chamber, means for regulably admitting air to said mixing chamber, and a common control mechanism for all of said means, selective as regards control of said gmeous fuel supply means and liquid fuel supply means. i

8. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with a carburetor having a mixing chamber, of means for regulably supplying gaseous fuel to said chamber, means for regulably supplying liquid fuel to said chamber, means for regulably admitting air to said chamber, fluid motors for individually effecting regulation of said means, and mechanism for applying fluid pressure to said motors, selective as regards operation of the motors regulating the gaseous fuel delivery and the liquidfuel delivery.

9. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with a carburetor having a mixing chamber and an air inlet to said chamber, of means for regulably supplying gaseous fuel to said chamber, means for regulably supplyingliquid fuel to said chamber, fluid motors for individually effecting regulation of said means, and mechanism for applying fluid pressure selectively to said motors.

10. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with a carburetor having a mixing chamber and an air inlet to said chamber, of means for regulably supplying gaseous fuel to said chamber, means for regulably supplying liquid fuel to said chamber, means for regulably admitting air to said chamber, motors for individually effecting regulation of said means, and mechanism for remotely controlling said motors, selectively effective on the motors regulating gaseous fuel delivery and liquid fuel delivery.

11. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with a carburetor having a mixing chamber and an air inlet to said chamber, of means for regulably supplying liquid fuel to said chamber, means for regulably supplying gaseous fuel to said chamber, motors for individually effecting regulation of said means, and mechanism establishing a remote control of'said motors, selectively.

12. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with a carburetor having a miidng chamber and an air inlet to said chamber, of a gas storage tank, a delivery connection from said tank to said chamber, a valve controlling said delivery connection, a valve controlling said air inlet, and means establishing. a remote control of said valves, in common.

13. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with a carburetor having a mixing chamber and an air inlet to said chamber, of a gas storage tank, a delivery connection from said tank to said chamber, a valve controlling said delivery connection, a valve controlling said air inlet, fluid mo tors for individually operating said valves, and a common means for applying fluid pressure to said motors.

14. In a fuel feed apparatus for internal combustion engines, an air heater, means for delivering compressed air to the heater and from the heater to an engine intake, said heater having an inlet for atmospheric air, and a closure for said inlet biased to a normally, closed position and adapted to open responsive to a reduction of pressure in the heater below atmospheric pressure.

15. In a fuelfeed apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination with a carburetor, of means for regulably supplying fuel to the carburetor, means for regulably supplying air to the carburetor, motors for individually effecting regulation of said means, a common means for energizing said motors, and means for regulating energization of the motor which regulates the fuel supply.

CHARLES SENN.

NICOLAS LEISTEN.

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