US1987375A - Shears - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 8, 1935. E. H. SIMONSEN El AL SHEARS Filed May 16, 1934 Patented Jan. 8, 1935 PATENT OFFICE SHEARS.

alumni Sil ca-en and. Carl M. Rutledge,

Chicago, Illu s ntaneous! is, 193.4, Serial No. mm 1 Claim. (or sci-1n invention relates to shears oi the type in which the handles are arranged. in a. difierent plane from the blades such shears being, commonly used forcutting grass, and. known as grass shears. I

The objects of. this invention are to provide improved shears of txpe'whieh. may he eeo nomical-ly manufactured and which will. be.- particularly emcient and durable in use; to pro vide shears of this! type having a pivot for the operatingv handle which also supports the blades; to provide novel means for resiliently mounting the blades so that they may be spread apart but will return to normal: cutting position; to provide novel means for holding the spring which: is associated with: the handles for holding the parts. innormal position; to provide a. catch or fastener. for holding, the handles with the blades closed. position; and to provide such other novel ieatures ogficonstruction and improvements inoperation as will be described more tully'hereinafiter.

In the accompanying illustrating-this invention v I v Figure 1. is a-planview withrpartsbroken away or shown in section; v v

Figure: 2-

a side view also with parts broken away or shown. in section; 3

Figures 3, 4; and Er are.- details of thecatch. or handle fastening means;

Figure 6. is a detail at the pivotnnt;

Figure 7 is a sectional view illustrating the possibility of separation or the blades under spring tension; and A Fig. 8 is: a. detail showing. the heels or proiections at the rear ends oi. thebladeswhich serve to limit the movement-thereof.

The-blades l-Qand I-L-QIB- preferably oppositely curvedas. indicated inl ioure am order to. have their cutting edges cooperate or engage. through.- out the entire lengthnoil. the bIQdBQdHIJ'nZJthE cutting movement. The. rear ends of; the blades are provided with heelsor abntments 12 and. 13 respectively to limit the opening movement. These blades are. pivotally mounted on astud: or bolt 14 having a. substantial 16 for engagement with thelowerbm 'I'heupper-endof the stud 1* is provided with ashoulder 15- andthread: edzas shownail-1:6 for engagementwlth althreaded block. or nutl'l. The upper portionl ofthe block l'l is cut. away or grooved at 18 to provide side bearings or upwardly extending. lugs lot A. pivot. pin 2o engages; with; the-bearings 1'9 and extends outwardly asufllnient distance toengage withthe operating handles 21: and 22. The

handle 21 is preferably made of sheet metal and shaped as shownmthe drawmgl It consists generally or a channel shapedhandleportion 23 having downwardly proiecting sides 24. with holes 25 for receiving the pivot 20. These side portions 5 are united by a front wall 26 whichv serves to strengthen thehandle and. to make a. rigid structure Theside walls 24 arecontinued downwardly and; outwardly toprovide substantially horizontal wings-or bearings-2 having, holes 28- there'- 10. in, which. are engaged by studs or projections: 29 and30 extending upwardly from the blades 10 and 11 respectively.. From this it will be seen that the forward portion. of the handle 21 provides a boxi-like casing for enclosing andprotecting the 15.. operating. parts. I

The lower handle 22 is also'prefcrably made of sheetmetal and; is in general in the form of a channel or U-shaped,.in cross section. Theouter portion. of. the handle is shaped tofit the hand while: the sides 31 at the. inner end are substantially parallel and fit closely within the adjacent sidesof the upper handle These sides are provided with. holes. for, receiving the pivot pin 20. Thelower wall or portion of the handle adjacent the. pivot, has a. hole 32 for receiving the Stud 14, asishown in Figure 2, and this wall liesv closely to or engages with the lower endof the nut or block. 17.. A. spring 33 surrounds the stud is and isinterposed between the lower. face of the. handie. 22 and theupper blade-10.. spring is preferably of conical. form with itsbase engaging with the: blade.

The handlesare held separated and the blades normally in open position-by means of a. spring 34! whichhasQone end; 35.engagingl with the handle 2'1. and another portion 36 engaging with. a handle 22. The lower portion or branch has an extension 37. which, serves as. a stop member to limit. the closing movement of the handles. The branches. of the spring. engage. with diverging, portions of the handles so that there is. a tendency to. force the same outwardly or out of..operatin ,positibn. In order to holdiit in. such position. abrahch or loop- 38' is formed in. the spring which passes around' the pin 20 and serves toproperly position and hold the spring. The Ioon38rmay be made integrally withlthe spring or a separate Iink,..may. he provided if desired,

When the. shears aren'ot; in. use. it is preferable to have the. handles) and. blades in closed positione. For thispurpose we provide aspring detent or catch. 39,. one end. of which. is engaged by the: pin 20; for holding, it operative RQSiti-Ollsouter: or; tree? end 40 of the. spring is bent at substantially right angles to the main branch and is adapted to extend through holes 41 and 42 in the adjacent sides of the upper and lower handles respectively. The tension of the spring, or shape of the same, is such that the tip or end 40 normally projects into the hole 41 but does not engage with the hole 42 so that when in normal position the handles are free to be operated; Whenthe handles are-to be fastened in closed position, theyare pressed together until the holes are in alignment as shown in Figure 4, and the end 40 is then pushed into engaging position as shown in this figure, one,

pivotally mounted on said pin, a stud engaging side of the end being provided with a notch or recess 43 for engagement withtheedgeipofther hole 42. After the detent has been pushed into 1 engaging position, the handles are then released and the tension of the spring'34 "is such that" the end portion 40 of the catch is pinchediibe-r tween the adjacent handle members and serves to hold the members in closed position. When the shears are to be; used, the operator again presses the handles toward each other, which releases the end 40 and permits the detent to spring back tonormal position out of the way of the handles. j I The operation of the shears'willbe readily apparent from the drawing. If the'lower handle for instance is considered as a fixed member the downward movement of the handle 21 causes the studs or projections 29 and 30 to'moveforwardly, thus swinging-the blades 10 and 11, which arepivoted on the stud-14, toward closing or cutting position. When the handles are released the spring 34 tends to separate them and the reverse movement occurs, 'swinging'the blades to open position.

In using such shears, occasionally sticks or stalks or other'objects may be encountered by the blades which cannot be cut. The 'yield'ing mounting of the blades on the stud or pin l i, through the use of the spring 33, is-such that, when such an object is encountered the outer or free ends of the blades maybe separated to a considerable extent as indicated in Figure 7-, so that the blades may pass over the article without injury tothe blades. The hole through the upper blade is such that it is free to move on the pivot as indicated, and after the article or obstruction is removed from between the'blades, they will be pressed back into operative position'by the com-- cal spring and their cutting edges will be held together throughout the fulllength thereof during the cutting stroke. The provision of such particularly free yielding movement between the blades is of special advantage in shears of this type and forms an important feature of the present invention.

While we have shown a preferred form of our invention, modifications may be made in the shape or construction of the various parts without departing from the scope of this invention and therefore we do not wish to be limited to the particular form shown and described except as specified in the following claims, in which we claim.

1. In shears, the combination of a pivot pin, upper and lower handles pivoted on said pin, a threaded block pivotally mounted on the pin between the handles, a stud engaging with said block and extending downwardly through a hole in the lower handle, a pair of blades pivotally mounted on said stud, a spring interposed between thelowervhandle and the blades tending to hold the blades yieldingly against the head -Itions, one of said portions fitting within the other,

apivot pin engaging with said portions, a nut withsaid. nut and-extending through one of the handles, cutting blades pivoted on said stud,

whereby they are suspended from said pin, means 'for"holding the blades yieldingly together, and meansconnecting the blades with the other handle whereby the swinging movement of the handle's'will cause the blades to be operativelyswung toward and away'from each other on said stud.

3.- In a cutting device of the character set forth, the combination of a pair of handles having U-shaped pivot portions, one fitting within the other, a pin extending through said pivot portions} a nut-having projections pivotally engaging with said pin'and positioned within the inner handle member; "a stud engaging with said nut and projecting through a hole in said handle member and having a head, blades pivotally mounted on saidstud, a spring interposed betweentheinner handle and the blades, means for 'operatively connecting the outer portions of the blades adjacent to the stud with the outer handle, and a spring having branches engaging'with the handles and tending to separate the same, said spring also having a loop positioned between the projections on the nut and engaging-with said pin. a I "45A cutting tool comprising a lower handle having a channel shaped end, a pivot pin projecting through the sides of said channel shaped end, a block mounted between the sides and having a h ole'through which the pin passes, a pivotal member extending downwardly from said block, cuttingblades pivotally mounted on said member whereby they are suspended from said pivot pin, an upper handle having a channel shaped portion fitting over the pivoted end of the lower handle and having holes through'which said pin extends, wings projecting laterally from the upper handle adjacent to the pivotal portion of the blades, and studs on said blades engaging with said wings, the arrangement'beingsuch that'the swinging movement of the handleswill cause the blades to be actuated. 1

5. The'combination with'apair ofshears of the character set forth, having pivoted handles and having means tending to holdthe handles in open position, of a resilient catch adapted to engage with-the handles for holding the same closed position, said catch being held in fastening position by the tension of the handles thereon and being adapted to be released'when the handles are moved 'to' free the same.

'6. A pair'of shears comprising handles having a pivot upon which they swing in one plane, a pair of cutting blades suspended-from the handle pivot and adapted to swing in a plane at substantially right angles to the plane of operation of the handles, said suspending means comprising a stud'passing through holes in the cutting blades'and a hole through one of said handles and connected'with the pivot, saidblades also being operatively connected with the other handle whereby the movement of the other handle will cause the blade to be swung on the stud.

7. Shears of the character set forth comprising handles having channel shaped portions, one of said portions fitting Within the other, a pivot pin engaging with said portions, a spring tending to move said handles to open position, a nut mounted on said pin, a stud engaging with the nut and extending through a hole in one of the handles, cut ting blades pivoted on said stud, a spring interposed between the blades and one of said handles for holding the blades yieldingly together but permitting relative swinging movement thereof, means for operatively connecting the blades with the other handle, and a resilient catch also engaging with said pin and having a portion adapted to engage with holes in the handles for holding them in closed position.

EDWARD H. SIMONSEN. CARL M. RUTLEDGE.

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