US1980666A - Loom and fabric - Google Patents

Description

LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 30, 1953 16 Sheets-Sheet l lNV TOR @QL ATTORNEYS Nov, 13, 1934. CROMPTON, R' 1,980,666

LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 50, 1933 16 Sheets-Sheet 5 Nov. 13, 1934. G. CROMF'TON, JR

LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 50, 1935 l6 Sheets-Sheet 4 lNV TOR Nov. 13, 1934.

' G. CROMPTON, JR

LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. so, 1953 16'Sheets-Sheet 5 lNVE OR ORNEYS Nov. 13,- 1934. 'CR WTO JR 1,980,666

LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 30, 1933 16 Sheets-Sheet 6 I lNV TOR 16 Sheets-Sheet 7 G. CROMPTON, JR

LDC AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 30. 1933 ,64: a A IORNEY'P- III Nov. 13; 19 I G. CROMPTON. J

LOOM AND FABRIC 16 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Jan. 30, 1933 ORNEY- Nov. 13, 1934. G. CROMPTON, JR

Loom AND FABRIC 16 Sheets-Sheei 9 Filed Jan. 30, 1933 INV TOR ,mlz

A oRNEYs Nov. 13, 1934. G. CROMPTON, JR 1,980,666 Y LOOM AND FABRIC I Filed Jan. 30, 1953 16 Sheets-Sheet ll 1 Nov. 13, 1934. Q I G. Cl QOMPTON, JR 6 LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 30, 1953 16 Sheets-Sheet l2 Jay/2 Y lNVENiOR B 5 ,ma ATTORNEY-6' Nov. 13, 193 1.

G. CROMPTON. JR

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LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 30, 1955 16. Sheets-Sheet 14 wu ikb I m WV NTOR wait. A ORNEYS m mm nuw I lllllll I 3 552 Nov. 13, 1934.

G. CROMPTON. JR

LOOM AND FABRI C Filed Jan. 50, 1935 16 Sheets-Sheet 15 ATTORNEY Nov. 13, 1934. G. CROMPTON, JR

LOOM AND FABRIC Filed Jan. 50, 1953 16 Sheets-Sheet l6 Q wQ 5 a Q m x5 MS Nah RN 9%, Wm

kw N INVENTOR Patented Nov. 13, 1934 UNI-TED STATES".

LOOM AND FABRIC George Crompton, Jr., Flushing, N. Y. Application January 30, 1933, Serial No. 654,139 40 Claims. (01. 139-1) The invention relates to a loom and with regard to its more specific features to a. loom for simultaneous knitting and weaving.

One object of the invention is to provide a 5 practical loom for simultaneously knittingvand weaving. Another object of the invention is to provide a loom adapted to produce a fabric comprising spaced sections of woven fabric connected by sections of knitted fabric. Another object of the invention is to provide a loom adapted for the production of textile goods in a variety of patterns of weaves and looped structure. Another object of the invention is to provide a loom of the type indicated which may readily be adjusted and set up for the manufacture of a wide variety. of fancy goods. Another object of the invention is to provide a shuttle driving mechanism adapted also to lay yarn for knitting. Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and efhcient mechanism for controlling the sinkers of a knitting mechanism. Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and efllcient slur cock motion. Another object of the invention is to provide 'sinkers and an actuating mechanism therefor coordinated with picking or wefting mechanism for weaving. Another object of the invention is to allocate space in a loom for adjacent weaving and knitting mechanism without interference.

Another object of the invention is to produce a sectioned fabric, there being woven sections and knitted sections. Another object of the invention is to integrally unite knitted fabric to woven fabric. Another object of the invention is to provide a fabric of which certain sections consist of warp and weft, and other sections of merely one of these. Another object-of the invention is to provide strips of woven material connected by certain picks of the weft thereof. Another object of the invention is to provide strips of woven material connected by certain picks of the weft thereof which is knitted. An-. F other object of the invention is to provide'integrally united woven and knitted material. Another object of the invention is to provide integrally united woven and knitted material, the woven material having a selvage. Another ob- :lect'of the invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of dress goods material whereby a great number of different designs may be produced. Another object of the invention is to provide a textile fabric which is extremely elastic in one direction and comparatively inelastic in another direction. Another object of dress goods.

the invention is to provide an attractive piece of Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and practical method for the manufacture of combined knitted and woven goods. Another object of the invention is to provide textile goods such as curtainings, and upholstering goods susceptible of embodiment in a great number of different designs. Another object of the invention is to provide a type of textile material in which a lacelike fabric is incorporated with woven fabric in a single piece. Another object of the invention is'to provide a combined woven and knitted fabric in which the demarcation between the woven and knitted portions is fixed and firm. -Another object of the invention is to provide a combined knitted and woven fabric susceptible of embodimentin a single piece of goods in many colors. Other objects will be in part obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter.

The inventionv accordingly consists in the features of constructiomcombinations of elements and arrangements of parts and in the several steps'and relation-and order of each of said steps to oneor more of the others thereof, all as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

- In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the mechanical features of this invention.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a loom embodying the invention, the elevation being, however, taken from behind the breast beam, and part of the frame-being shown in cross-section on the line 1-1 of Figure 2; I

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the m on an enlarged scale, the section being taken along the line 2 -2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is likewise a vertical sectional view, complementary to Figure -2 showing the rear of the loom; I

Figure 4 is a sectional plan view of the loom, the parts being shown on the same scale as 100 Figure 1 and the section being taken along the line 4-4 thereof; I

Figure 5is a fragmentary plan view of a portion of the loom, the parts being shown on a larger scale than in Figure 2, and certain parts being shown in section;

Figures 6 and 'l are complementary sectional views showing the parts on the same scale as Figure 2, the section line being indicated by 7-7 in Figure 4;

FigureJB is'asectional view taken on the line in width-by, the addition of weaving sections of Figure -4, the parts being shown on ,the

same scale as Figure 2, Figure 9 is a side elevation of a portionof the loom showing the take-up;

Figure 10 is a fragmentary front elevation of the loom showing the cloth roll and'brackets, the take-uproll and change gearing, :the parts being shown on the scale'of Figure 2 but foreaway the shafts,

shortened laterally by breaking and. rolls to save space;

Figure .11 is a fragmentary cross=sectional view. on a further enlarged scale taken through the stationary lay on the line 11'1l of Fig-- ure 7; I

Figure 12 is a sectional view on the samescale as and taken on the line 1212 of Figure 5;

Figure 13 is a front elevation of the sinker and divider comb and associated parts, on the scale of-Figures 5 and 12;

Figure 14 is, a side elevation of asinker; Figure 15 is a side elevation of adivider;

Figure 16 is a plan view of a comb for the sinker .tail pieces, sinker resetting bars, slur cocks, and a magnet box; Figure. 17 is a front elevation of a magnet I I box, and a side elevation of a commutator and,

a wiring diagram; Figure 18 is a sectional view'taken on the line 18-18 of Figure 3, showing the warp beams;

I Figure 19 is a plan view of a'shuttle, and

a View, partly in section, of a quill rewinding device; t

Figure 20 is adiagrammatic view of shuttles and blocks showing the shuttles successively in different positions;

Figure 21 is a loom timing chart;

Figures 22 and 23 are pattern chain drafts;

Figure 24'-is a view similar to Figure. 12, illustrating a modification of the invention.

. Figure 25 is a front elevation of a lay show ing humidifying piping therein;

Figure 26 is a fragmentary front elevationof a lay, a shuttle and shuttle blocks showing a modification of the invention whereby-to in-' crease the width of woven sections relative toknitted sections.

Figure 27 is a'plan view of a textile fabric constructedflin accordance with the invention;

' Fig. 28 is a' diagrammatic plan view of the textile fabricfof Figure 27, the yarn being shown on am'enlarged scale for clearnesspand certain proportions being arbitrarily chosen to more clearly illustrate in details. typical structure.

'Similar reference characters refer tosimilar parts throughout'the several views of the draw- Frame Any desired frame may be adopted or designed, although hereinafter in the description speciflcframe structure will be referred to. As shown in the drawings, and referring particularly to Figures 1, 2 and; 4, I provide loom sides 20 and 21 connected andsupplementedmy suitable cross-pieces and. other frame structure, indicated by, the reference jcharacter22; Preferably the loom sides 20 and :21 are: connected also by loom arches 23 and i zuspaced ifrom each other as shown in Figure 2. Referring now particularly to Figure 1, I provide central supporting frame sections 25, 25 and if, as contemplated, the loom isincreased and "knittingsecticris,-.-additional supporting framesections 25 maybe provided.

- Drivef- Referring now to main shafts 30, and -32",1o'urnaledin the loom sides 20 .and 21'andif desired, in additional jour- 'nal boxes supported by the-central frame. sections 25 or otherwise. I term theshaft 30 '-a crankshaft forfconvenience, because it actuates the laythat beats up the weft, but in the particular'embodimentof the invention described it :has no crank, the lay being operated by cams. I term the/shaft 31 a loom camshaft, be-' cause? it rotates at half the speed of the crank-. shaft 30 and has or may have shedding cams located thereon. -I termthe shaft 32 a knitting camshaft, because many of the knitting instru Figures -2 and 4', {provide 1 33 which meshes" with a gear 34 mounted on 'the loom camshaft 31; ,In' this particular embodiment of theinve nti'on the'ratio ofthe diameters of the gears 34 and 33 is -two-to-one so as to cause the m camshaft 31 to revolve 'at, half the speed of the crankshaft 30,. as aforesaid. Also mounted on the .shaft 31 is a gear 35 which meshes with a gear 36 mounted on the knitting camshaft 32, and the ratio'of the diameters of the gears 35 and 36 is two-to-three, so that, in this particular embodiment of the invention, the knitting camshaft 32. revolves at one-third the speed of'the crankshaft 30. In Figure v2 I have shown thesegears by their pitch circles only. Any one of the gears 33, 34, 35 or 36 may be driven by a pinion gear connected with a motoriand-a clutch, or fast and loose pulleys may be mounted on any one of the shafts 30, 31 and 32, or any other suitable driving mechanism may be employed, as loom drives, including clutches and brakes an i shipper levers are well known. .Let-ofi Referring now to Figures 3 and 18, I provide a plurality of pairs of frame members 40, there being a pair for each woven section of the goods produced by the loom, and I provide in each frame member '40 an open journal portion 41 for the reception of a trunnion 42 of a warpbeam 43. Each warp-beam 43 has a trunnion 42 on each side thereof, and the warp-beams 43 are preferably of the type used in the pro- ;duction of narrow fabrics. One of the heads 44 ofeach warp-beam is grooved on its periphery and receives a strap or rope 45 which is anchored at 46 to the frame 40 and at the other end connected to the hook spindle 47 of a scale platform 48 adapted for the support of weights 49. This constitutes a friction let-off of a type well known in the narrow fabric industry, and reduction in diameter of the warp may be com-. pensated .for by removal'of weights 49. The warp 50 extends upwardly ever and between to the heddles of the harness frames.

' Take-11p I Referring now to Figures 9. and 10 in connection with Figure 2, the completed fabric 60. is drawn forwardly over a breast beam 61 which guide rolls 51, 52 and 5s, and then forwardly is mounted in and extends between the frame move the ratchet wheel 88, for

a I 1,980,666 sections 25, 25. From the breast beam 61 the ings a loom adapted for the production par-.

ticularly of silks, rayons, cottons and mixed goods, and consequently the roll 62 may be considered to be a sand roll, and the goods pass over a glass rod 63 secured to the breast beam 61, and it is noted that from the fell to the takeup roll 62 the goods touch nothing but the glass rod 63, excepting the usual temples if such are used, and the considerable distance between the fell and the take-up roll 62 makes possible a considerable elasticity ofthe fabric at the fell which assists in knocking. over as will be hereinafter described. It is noted that the instrumentalities, motions and combinations of the in vention are adapted for the production of a fabric out of any yarn, including woo'lens and wcrsteds as well asthose heretofore mentioned, merely the gauge, size of material and certain instrumentatlities being properly selected for the desired type of fabric. 1

Referring now particularly to Figure 9, mounted on the knitting camshaft 32 is a take-up cam 64 which is engaged by a roller 65 on a lev r :66 that is journaled on a stud 6'? which in turn'js journaled in .and extends throughthe loon'i'side 20. Fastened to the stud 6'7 on one side of the loom side 20 is a take-up ratchet wheel 68 which is engaged by a pawl 69 mounted on a pin '10 on one end of the lever 66.

Referring now particularly to Figure 10. fastened to the stud 6'7 is a pinion gear '11 whichmeshes with one .of two change gears '12 and '73 which are fastened together and journaled on a stud '74-.projecting from an adjustable bracket which is fastened to the loom side 20 by means of a single bolt '16 which passes through a longslot '17 in the bracket .75. The change gear 73- meshes with a gear '18 fastened to the shaft '19 of the take-up roller 62. The roller 65 is held against the cam' 64 by means of a spring 66a fastened to the end of the lever 66 and secured to the 100111 side at 66b.

The specific take-up desc bed is in itself well known and readily adjustable by the substitution of different change gears '72, '73 as well as dif-' ferent ratchet wheels 88 and gears '78, but for the particular embodiment of the invention shown in thedrawings I desire to take up double the amount for certain picks as compared with other picks by reason of the fact that periodically the'loom" lays 'two picks in a shed instead of one. To this end'I have actuating portions 80, 81 and 82, the actuating portion having twice the-displacement of the actuating portions 81 and 82 so that when the portion 80 engages the roller 65 the pawl 69 will example, a disto twoteeth of said ratchet wheel portions 81 and 82 cause movet'ance equal 68, whereas the ment of the ratchet wheel by a displacement of only one tooth; Referring again to Figure 9,1 provide the usual hold-pawl 83 mounted on a stud 84 projecting from the loom side 20, and

if desired the hold-pawl 83 may have incorpo-.}'

rated with it a let-back motion.

Referring now to Figures 2 and 10, the fabric 60 winds upon a cloth roll 85 which has a shaft 86 the ends of which rest in open slots 87 formed in. guide brackets 88 fastened to the frame secformed the cam 64 with,

tions 25, 25. It should be understood that other take-ups can be substituted for other cams can be substituted for -the cam 64 and this should preferably be done if and when the timing of the wefting is changed for the production of a different relationship between the courses and the picks as will be hereinafter indicated.

Shedding Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, mounted on the loom camshaft 31 are shedding cams 90 engaging rollers 91 carried by tappet levers 92 which are journaled on a cross shaft 93 supthat shown, and

ported-by the frame sections 25. Pins 94 ex- 90 tend laterally from the ends of the tappets 92 and straps 95 connect the pins 94 with connectors 96 connected to harness frames 97 having heddles 96 with heddle eyes 99. Connectors 100 are connected to straps 101 extending partially around and fastened to rolls 102 and 103 of an overhead motion,. the rolls 102 and 103 being formed on or fastened to a shaft 104 journaled by means of brackets 105 extending from the loom arch 23. The ends of the warp 50 pass through the heddle eyes 99. The harness frames 9'7 have heddles 98 located at a plurality of portions to correspond with the number of separate warp beams 43 and warps 50 as in narrow fabric practice. Although I have shown and described briefly a typical cam operated shedding mechanism, it should be understood that any other type of shedding mechanism may be employed, such as a dobby or a jacquard, and I have shown the loom arches 23 and 24 spaced for reception of a great number of harness frames (Figure 2) and in Figure 1 I have shown the arches formed with receiving ends 106 and 107 for a Knowleshead and also with an angle brace 108 to receive the shaft to support the jacks of a Knowles'head, otherwise known as a vi-' brator, gear motion or American'wheel dobby, 'and such a shedding mechanism maybe attached to my loom by this means, and indeed Wejtina Referring particularly to Figure 2 in connection with Figures 4, 5 and 6, I provide a stationam lay 110, preferably made of wood, and supported by-the loom sides 20 and 21 and the frame sections 25. Mounted in a groove 111 in the upper part of the .lay is a rack rod 112,

preferably made of wood in accordance with the usual narrow fabric practice. Located upon the 1ay110 and over the rack rod 112 are a plurality of lower shuttle blocks 113, preferably of. wood.

Located in line with the blocks 113 are long lower I blocks 114, there being two of the long lower blocks 114, one at either end of the series of blocks. The blocks-113 as well as the blocks 114.

are fastened in position by means of metal backs 115- secured to the lay 110 and extendingupwardly; as shown in Figure 11 the usual machine screws 116 pass' through the blocks 113 and-114 and secure them to the backs 115, and tubes 11'! surround the machine screws 116 and rotatably support' fiber pinions 118 located in slots 119 in the blocks 113 and 114, as shown in connection with one of the blocks 114 in sectioned for" that purpose. to the backs 115 and above Figure 11 which is Likewise fastened the blocks 113 are upper blocks 120, and above the long lower blocks 114 are long upper blocks A 1 21, all'of said upper blocks being fastened to the backs 115 by .means. of screws 122. There are thus provided races for a plurality of shuttles 125, 'of' the narrow fabric type, and having rack teeth 126 on their under sides so that they may I be driven by pinions 118.

R ferring now to 6 and 7, fastened tothe bottom of the rack rod .112 are straps 127 which 'extend around rollers 128' journaled ceived in slots-in the lay 110 and the straps 127 extend under the lay up, beingpieferably rein a groove'.129 therein, and are con- -sectional view 'of Figure 11. ,Movement of the slidable member. 130, by reason of the straps 127, causes movement of the rack rod 112 a cor-.

responding distance in the opposite direction,

thereby rotating the'pinions 118 and driving allof the shuttles 125 in unison,.-the shuttles 125 moving in the same' direction as the slidable I member 130 and an equal' distanc'e.

, able member 130 is connected by means of'a' I have shown in Figure =4 three spaces 133 between shuttle blocks,and referring to Figure 7 I have shown four shuttles. Of course, the loom may be made as wide as desired, and the number of shuttles, blocks and spaces increased. By

moving the slidable member 130 I give to the- I shuttles 125 the usual motion to move each shuttlefrom a block to its next adjacent block, but

j- I have further provided means'to move the slidable member 130 and therefore the shuttles 125 double the usual distance, whereby each shuttle, except each end shuttle, will move through two spaces 133 without stopping until it comes to rest between shuttle blocks which are separated from the shuttleblocks from which it started by a pair of intervening shuttle blocks. The

mechanism for this purpose is so organized that any desired variations of this compound motion may be achieved by merely making up different pattern chains.

Referring now to Figures 6, 7 and 8, the slidlink 134 to a lever 135 which is journaled on a shaft 136 supported by brackets 137, 138 attached to one of the center frame sections 25. The part of the center frame section which supports the I stationary lay-110 is cut away except for the 1 portion which supports the very front of the lay in order to permit desired movement of the link .134 and the lever 135, as illustrated 'in- Figure 7.' Referring now to Figure8, pivotally connected to the lever 135 by means of a stud 140 is a lever 141. The lever 141 is mounted on a stud 142 projecting from a lever 143. The lever 143 is mounted on a stationary stud 144 pmjecting from a bracket 139, proiecting'irom the frame section 25.

Referring again to Figure 6, mounted on the upper end of the lever 141 is a stud 145 and mounted on the upper end of the lever 143 is a stud 148. These two studs are approximately in the same horizontal plane, but the stud 148 is located nearer the front-of the loom than the stud 145 and they clear each other as the levers 141 and 143 are moved. Removably connectedto the stud 145 is a vibrator connector 147, and

removably. connected tov the stud 146 is a-vibrator connector '1148. These vibrator connectors 147 and 148 are vibrator connectors of a vibrain Figure 1.]

motions usually associated with a "vibrator gear mechanism are intended to be included, even when not specifically mentioned or shown in the drawings, wherein. I have not illustrated any drop weights (now usually springs) nor chain shaft drive, which may be of any usual .or desired form.

. eferrlng now to Figures 4' and 8, on the crankshaft 30 and. suitably fastened thereto is a bevel gear 149. which meshes with a bevel gear 150 of equal size that is fastened to the end of a shaft 151 whichis journaled in members 22 and brackets 153 and 154, the latter being also shown The shaft 151 is thus revolved at the samespeed as the crankshaft 30 and the direction of rotation is clockwise in Figure 6.

Fastened tothe shaft 151 is a bevel gear 155 which meshes with a bevelv gear 156-secured to the shaft 157 on the bottom of which is a bevel gear 158, likewise secured to the shaft 157, and

the bevel gear- 158 meshes with aibevel gear- 159 secured to a. horizontal shaft 160 whose axis is in the same vertical plane'as the shaft 151.

The shaft 157 is supported and journaled by a bearing bracket 181 extending laterally from the bracket 153.- Thus the shaft 1601s revolved in a qlirection opposite to that of the shaft 151,

and gears 155, 156,158 and 159 are proportioned to cause the shaft 151 and 160 to revolve t the same speed. I;

Secured to the shafts 1'51 and 160 are partial cylinder gears 162 and 163 respectively, constituting the actuating cylinder gears of the vibrator gear mechanism heretofore referred to. The vibrator gears 164' and 165 are illustratedln Figures 6 and 8, in both figures the gear 165 being shown depressed, and the gear 164 being shown elevated. The vibrator gears 164 and 165 are partial gears and adapted to beirotated approximately one-half revolution upon being brought into contact with either of the gears 162 or 1.63, and are mounted respectively on vibrator levers 166 and 187 (see Figure 8) which are removably pivoted on a stud 168 secured to a bracket 189 of frame 153. I have not described the shape and all the features of the vibrator levers, vibrator gears, and vibrator connectors, as these'are well known loom parts, and standard vibrator gears, leversand connectors may be used in carrying out my invention. I provide the usual lock knife 171 mounted on an arm 172 iournaled on the stud 173 and actuated by an arm 174 which contacts with a cam, not shown, mounted on the shaft 180 in the usual position. A chain'shaft 176 iournaled in the bracket 153 has secured to it a chain carrier 177 that carries the pattern chain 178 which, to achieve the particular cycle described herein, is made up as will be hereinafter set forth under the section, devoted to timing. The chain shaft 176 is driven in any usual manner, for example from the shaft 160,thiswell order to simplify them.

' The size and relation and pivotal-'mounting'of the levers 141 and 143 are such that with either 1 0

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