US1953904A - External lubricant for ammunition - Google Patents
External lubricant for ammunition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1953904A US1953904A US545076A US54507631A US1953904A US 1953904 A US1953904 A US 1953904A US 545076 A US545076 A US 545076A US 54507631 A US54507631 A US 54507631A US 1953904 A US1953904 A US 1953904A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- wax
- bullet
- ammunition
- bullets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/024—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
- C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
Definitions
- This invention relates to the external lubrication of ammunition and will be disclosed in relation to small arms ammunition such as cartridges of the rim fire or center fire type.
- a lubricant to be applied to a bullet In the first place,- it must possess actual lubricating value as the bullet is passing through the gun barrel. In the next place, the lubricant must be such that 10 when applied to the bullet it will not be liable to creep into the shell and be absorbed by the powder and priming mixture thereby deteriorating the cartridge, even when the cartridge is stored at a temperature as high as 150 F.
- the film of lubricant be not noticeable upon casual inspection of the bullet and likewise that the lubricant be sufliciently hard and non-tacky that the lubricated bullets are clean to handle and may be safely carried in the pocket without gathering it or dust.
- the object of the invention is to provide a lubricant of the class described which will be possessed of these desirable properties.
- the lubricants of this invention comprise hig melting point waxes, preferably combined with water insoluble soaps.
- the waxes and soaps are preferably reduced by solvents sufficiently to be liquid at temperatures suitable for applying the lubricant to the bullets.
- loaded cartridges are assembled into place and then dipped momentarily into the lubricating bath. Regulationof the depth to which the cartridges are immersed in the lubricant, is maintained so that only the bullet of each cartridge is coated with lubricant. Regulation of the depth to which the cartridges are immersed in the lubricant may also be maintained so as to coat the bullet and also the mouth end of the shell. The coating of the mouth end of the shell will thus act as a seal to moisture and at the same time facilitate the extraction of the fired case.
- the cartridges are then passed over a felt mat in order to drain the excess lubricant adhering to the nose of the bullet. They are then dried in a current of air.
- the application of the lubricant may also be accomplished by spraying, brushing or barrel tumbling.
- a water insoluble fatty acid soap such as alumiso num stearate may be added to the lubricant.
- a water insoluble fatty acid soap such as alumiso num stearate
- Aluminum stearate 1 In proceedingito make the mixture the aluminum stearate is first dissolved in the wax at a temperature of approximately 260 F. with thorough stirring. The wax is then cooled and dissolved in the solvent at somewhat elevated temperatures, approximately 130 F.
- the lubricating bath is maintained at a temperature of approximately 120 F.
- a liquid bath adapted to lubricate bullets. comprising, ceresin wax, aluminum stearate, and carbon tetrachloride.
- a liquid bath adapted to lubricate bullets comprising 9 parts of ceresin wax,1 part of aluminum stearate, and parts of carbon tetrachloride.
- a cartridge having a thin and uniform film of high melting-point wax and a water insoluble fatty acid soap applied to the bullet end thereof.
- a cartridge the bullet end ofwhich is lubricated by a uniform coating of high melting-point wax and a water insoluble fatty acid soap which has been deposited upon the bullet by immersion of the bullet in a solution of the wax in a volatile viscosity reducer for the wax.
- a cartridge, the bullet .end of which is covered with a uniform eoatingvwhich coating consists of ceresin wax, and aluminum stearate.
- a cartridge, the bullet and of which is covered with a uniform coating consisting of 9 parts of ceresin wax and 1 part of aluminum stearate.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 3, /1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EXTERNAL LUBRICANT FOB, AMMUNITION Ohio . No Drawing. Application June 17, 1931,
- Serial No. 545,076
9 Claims. (01. 102-12) This invention relates to the external lubrication of ammunition and will be disclosed in relation to small arms ammunition such as cartridges of the rim fire or center fire type.
The desirable properties of a lubricant to be applied to a bullet are manifold. In the first place,- it must possess actual lubricating value as the bullet is passing through the gun barrel. In the next place, the lubricant must be such that 10 when applied to the bullet it will not be liable to creep into the shell and be absorbed by the powder and priming mixture thereby deteriorating the cartridge, even when the cartridge is stored at a temperature as high as 150 F.
Moreover,'it is highly desirable that the film of lubricant be not noticeable upon casual inspection of the bullet and likewise that the lubricant be sufliciently hard and non-tacky that the lubricated bullets are clean to handle and may be safely carried in the pocket without gathering it or dust.
Therefore, the object of the invention is to provide a lubricant of the class described which will be possessed of these desirable properties.
It is likewise an object of the invention to provide a lubricant which will be susceptible to facile and uniform application to the bullets, that is, which may be deposited upon the bullets in films of uniform and invariable thickness as a matter of quantity production.
Heretofore, so far as we are aware, a mixture of low-melting point waxes and greases have been used as a lubricant for bullets. Mixtures of petrolatum, tallow, beeswax and paraflin have been used. Owing to the presence of the lowmelting point greases, such a bullet lubricant would become liquid and mobile when stored at temperatures of 100 F. to 110 F. which are normal temperatures for many localities. .Such a 40 lubricant is liable, in the' liquid state, to enter the shell and deteriorate the powder and priming mixture.
The lubricants of this invention comprise hig melting point waxes, preferably combined with water insoluble soaps. For the purpose of applying the lubricant to the bullets, the waxes and soaps are preferably reduced by solvents sufficiently to be liquid at temperatures suitable for applying the lubricant to the bullets.
As an example of carrying out our invention, loaded cartridges are assembled into place and then dipped momentarily into the lubricating bath. Regulationof the depth to which the cartridges are immersed in the lubricant, is maintained so that only the bullet of each cartridge is coated with lubricant. Regulation of the depth to which the cartridges are immersed in the lubricant may also be maintained so as to coat the bullet and also the mouth end of the shell. The coating of the mouth end of the shell will thus act as a seal to moisture and at the same time facilitate the extraction of the fired case. The cartridges are then passed over a felt mat in order to drain the excess lubricant adhering to the nose of the bullet. They are then dried in a current of air.
The application of the lubricant may also be accomplished by spraying, brushing or barrel tumbling.
The bath of lubricant comprises a high melting-point wax dissolvedin a suitable solvent. Any wax melting above 145 F. may be used. We may use carnauba wax, candelilla wax, ceresin wax, Montan wax or the synthetic waxes of the chlorinated naphthalene type. Volatile solvents such as naptha, benzene or carbon tetrachloride may be=used to reduce the viscosity of the waxes.
A water insoluble fatty acid soap such as alumiso num stearate may be added to the lubricant. We have found that the addition of small amounts of aluminum stearate will hold the in- Parts Carbon tetrachloride Ceresin wax melting-point 176 F 9 Aluminum stearate 1 In proceedingito make the mixture the aluminum stearate is first dissolved in the wax at a temperature of approximately 260 F. with thorough stirring. The wax is then cooled and dissolved in the solvent at somewhat elevated temperatures, approximately 130 F.
In applying the lubricant the lubricating bath is maintained at a temperature of approximately 120 F.
It will be readily understood by the skilled in 105 the artthat the reduction of the wax to a highly liquid form by means of the solvent and the tem perature, brings into play the laws of surface tension of liquids the operations of which insure a deposit of a uniform film on each bullet by virll0 tue of the uniform operation of the laws of surface tension for a given liquid.
Having described our invention, we desire to be limited only by the following claims:
1. A liquid bath adapted to lubricate bullets. comprising, ceresin wax, aluminum stearate, and carbon tetrachloride.
2. A liquid bath adapted to lubricate bullets, comprising 9 parts of ceresin wax,1 part of aluminum stearate, and parts of carbon tetrachloride.
3. A cartridge having a thin and uniform film of high melting-point wax and a water insoluble fatty acid soap applied to the bullet end thereof.
4. A cartridge, the bullet end ofwhich is lubricated by a uniform coating of high melting-point wax and a water insoluble fatty acid soap which has been deposited upon the bullet by immersion of the bullet in a solution of the wax in a volatile viscosity reducer for the wax.
5. A cartridge, the bullet .end of which is covered with a uniform eoatingvwhich coating consists of ceresin wax, and aluminum stearate.
6. A cartridge, the bullet and of which is covered with a uniform coating consisting of 9 parts of ceresin wax and 1 part of aluminum stearate.
"7. A liquid bath adapted to lubricate bullets,
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US545076A US1953904A (en) | 1931-06-17 | 1931-06-17 | External lubricant for ammunition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US545076A US1953904A (en) | 1931-06-17 | 1931-06-17 | External lubricant for ammunition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1953904A true US1953904A (en) | 1934-04-03 |
Family
ID=24174801
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US545076A Expired - Lifetime US1953904A (en) | 1931-06-17 | 1931-06-17 | External lubricant for ammunition |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1953904A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2645614A (en) * | 1951-10-29 | 1953-07-14 | Tap And Drill Ez Corp | Metal-working lubricant |
US3267035A (en) * | 1964-05-22 | 1966-08-16 | Continental Oil Co | Composition for and method of lubricating bullets and shot |
US3390060A (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1968-06-25 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Wax stopoff composition and process |
US3828678A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1974-08-13 | Kote Corp Du | Jacketed bullet |
US3942408A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1976-03-09 | Du-Kote Corporation | Method of treating and producing improved ammunition |
US4731189A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-03-15 | Gregg Jr George L | Bullet lubricant and method of compounding said lubricant |
US4942818A (en) * | 1987-10-31 | 1990-07-24 | Comte De Lalaing | Training or marking bullets |
US5472625A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1995-12-05 | Maples; Paul D. | Dry household lubricant |
US5885947A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1999-03-23 | Maples; Paul D. | Dry lubricant |
US5898022A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1999-04-27 | Maples; Paul D. | Dry lubricant |
US6245722B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2001-06-12 | Paul D. Maples | Silicone wax-based dry lubricant |
US20070181031A1 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-09 | Stresau West, Inc. | Frangible slug |
-
1931
- 1931-06-17 US US545076A patent/US1953904A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2645614A (en) * | 1951-10-29 | 1953-07-14 | Tap And Drill Ez Corp | Metal-working lubricant |
US3390060A (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1968-06-25 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Wax stopoff composition and process |
US3267035A (en) * | 1964-05-22 | 1966-08-16 | Continental Oil Co | Composition for and method of lubricating bullets and shot |
US3828678A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1974-08-13 | Kote Corp Du | Jacketed bullet |
US3942408A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1976-03-09 | Du-Kote Corporation | Method of treating and producing improved ammunition |
US4731189A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-03-15 | Gregg Jr George L | Bullet lubricant and method of compounding said lubricant |
US4942818A (en) * | 1987-10-31 | 1990-07-24 | Comte De Lalaing | Training or marking bullets |
US5472625A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1995-12-05 | Maples; Paul D. | Dry household lubricant |
US5670463A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1997-09-23 | Maples; Paul D. | Dry lubricant |
US5885947A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1999-03-23 | Maples; Paul D. | Dry lubricant |
US5898022A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1999-04-27 | Maples; Paul D. | Dry lubricant |
US6245722B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2001-06-12 | Paul D. Maples | Silicone wax-based dry lubricant |
US20070181031A1 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-09 | Stresau West, Inc. | Frangible slug |
US7654202B2 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2010-02-02 | Stresau West, Inc. | Frangible slug |
US7658137B1 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2010-02-09 | Stresau West, Inc. | Method of manufacturing a frangible slug |
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