US1946506A - Winding machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 13, 1934. E. R. swANsoN ET AL 1,946,506

v I WINDING MACHINE Original Filed Dec. 16. 1 929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 13, 1934.

y 7247 Ti 2/; 7 V 59' J fi H a K i E. R. SWANSON ET AL WINDING MACHINE Original Filed Dec. 16, 1929 Patented, Feb. 13, 1934 wmnma MACHINE Ernest R. Swanson and William Marcroft,

Cranston, R. 1., assignors to Universal Wind- C mpany, Boston, Massachusetts Mass., a corporation of Application December 16, 1929, Serial No. 414,527 Renewed June 23, 1933 9 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in winding machines for winding cops, cones'and packages of thread-yarn, cord and other strand material, hereinafter referred to generally by the term yarn, and particularly to winding machines wherein the package is rotated by contact with a drive-roll or drum. Specifically, the invention consists in a ribbon-breaker, so-called, which op erates to control the disposition of the turns of 10 winding on the surface of the package to prevent the formation of bands or ribbons in which the yarn coils are crowded together or piled. I

One object of the invention is to provide a simplified mechanism incorporated in the winding machine and operating to disrupt the synchrony between the rotating package and the traverse-means which deposits the coils of winding in place thereon. I

Another object of the invention is to provide :0 a mechanism of the type specified for periodically accelerating and decelerating the rate of movement of one or another of the cooperating winding elements, either the package-rotating means or the yarn-traversing means, at recur.- ring cycles throughout the winding.

Another object of the invention is to provide automatically operated means in the drivingmechanism for rotating one element of the driving gears first in one direction and then in the opposite direction to effect an acceleration and deceleration in the speed of the driven element.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the type specified whichis completely automatic in its operation and which requires no adjustment or setting. 7 1

Further objects of the improvement are set forth in the following spec fication which describes a preferred form of construction of the invention, by way of example, as illustrated by -10 the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Fig. l is a front elevation of a portion of a winding frame or gang winder showing the essential elements of the winding mechanism of one unit in connection with its driving means 43 which embodies the present improved ribbonv0 Fig. 4 is a view of the differential gearing of the ribbon-breaker showing its housing in section;

Fig. 5 is an end view of the train of gearing which drives the crank-motion; and v Fig. 6 is a detailed view of certain ofthe gears so of said train.

The present invention relates particularly to means for imparting an alternately accelerated and retarded rate of speed to one of the cooperative' winding elements of the machine, either the means for rotating the package or the means which traverses the yarn thereon, and in general consists in difierential gearing'incorporated in the driving-mechanism of the machine and operative to cause one of the gears in a train to be positively rotated first in one direction and then in the opposite direction to effect an acceleration and deceleration in the speed of the driven gear.

Referring to the-drawings, the winding ma- ?5 chine herein illustrated by way of example is of the double gang type having a plurality of wind ing units arranged in series along the sides of a horizontal frame or bed 2. The bed 2 is supported at its ends by suitable legs 3 and at one so end is an electric motor 5 mounted on a base 6 which is adjustable with respect to the bed. Spaced along the top of the bed 2 are a series of brackets or standards 7 which embody bearings for the driving-shaft and other parts of the g5 winding mechanism, two opposite units being located between each pair of brackets but only one unit being herein shown.

In the construction of the machine as shown in Figs. -1 and 2 the winding mechanism comprises only two principal elements, namely, the winding-mandrel or spindle 15 on which the yarn-receiver or cop-tube C rotates and the driveroll 10 for rotating the yarn-receiver, and in which is embodied the means for traversing the yarn back and forth axially of the package being wound. In this construction the usual reciprocating thread-guide is'dispensed with and the drive-roll has its peripheral surface provided with connected helical grooves 8 and 9 extending in 10g opposite directions and adapted to receive the strand of yarnto guide it back and forth between the ends of the package. This form of traversingmeans for the yarn is fully shown and described in an application for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 342,544, filed February 25, 1929, now Patent No. 1,749,355, issued March 4, 1930.

It is to be understood however that the present ribbon-breaker or speed-changing device is adapted. tor use on winding machines-oi other no types, such as those wherein the package is driven by contact with a drive-roll and the yarn traversed by means of a reciprocating guide, or

with any. other construction of drum-driven winders. Y

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the drive-roll 10 is carried on and rotated by a horizontal shaft 11 journaled in ball-bearings 12 which are mounted on the brackets '7; it being noted that the shaft 11 is extended throughout the whole length of the machine and adapted to support the drive-rolls for any desired number of winding units. The present machine is shown as adapted for winding packages of conical form in which the yarn body'is built up on any suitable support or receiver, a wooden or fiber cone C being illustrated in Fig. 1 as mounted to rotate on the winding-spindle or mandrel 15. As shown most clearly in Fig. 2, the winding-spindle 15 is pivotally mounted on the forked end of an arm 16 which is hinged on a rod or stud 17 held in a bearing 18 projecting from the top of the bracket 7, this construction being common to machines of the present type. The arm 16 is usually weighted to cause the surface of the wooden cone or yam-receiver C to be held firmly in contact with the periphery of .the drive-roll 10, and asthe yarn is built up on the receiver it forces the latter upwardly with the arm 16 pivoting on its stud 1'7.

The drivi mechanism for the whole series of winding units is connected to drive the shaft 11 through differential gearing arranged as next described. Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings, asherein shown the armatureshaft 20 of the motor 5 is connected directly to a hollow spindle or sleeve 21 which carries a casing or housing 25 containing the differential gearing. As shown in Fig. 4, the end of the armature-shaft 20 is received within the axial bore of the spindle or sleeve 21 and keyed thereto at 22. The spindle 21 is journaled in a ball-bearing 23 supported from an upright or standard 24 formedasapartofthemainbed2. Thegearhousing or 25 has a hub 26 at one end which fits over the end of the spindle or sleeve 21 and is secured fast therewith by means of a set-screw 27. On the opposite sides of the housing 25'are hubs 28 bored to receive two axiallyalining studs 29 which the journals for certain of the differential gears to be later described. Preferably, the casing 25 has an'opening on one side'which is clomd by a-suitable cover 36 attached theretoby screws'31as shown inFig.5. V e r Thestuds29areheldmthehubs28bymeans of w 32,theirinnerendsbeing.reduced in diam to receive sleeves 33 whiclrare securedflxedlythereonbyset-screws34. 'nieends ofthesleeves33areformedwlthraces35for balls36whichrimmoppositeraces37inserted .intheboresofapairofbevel-gea.rs38. The

bevel-gears38 mesh-withathird bevel-gear 39 v having its hubs-z keyed fast-to the end (if the drive-roll shaft 11' at 13 and ma longitudinally thereofbyaset-screw 14. lhedrlve-mllshaft 11 projects beyond'its'barhig-li axially through them-houshmlS-mditsmdisby a ball-bearing 40 aeomterbore 41 attheendofthe spindle orsleeve 21; A collar 42secmedtotheshaft11byaset-aerew43is employedtospace-the'bearim-raceufromthe' endofthehubflofthefi. Itwillthus beseenthatthedrlve-rollshaftuisarranged m t with the ammo-shaft 30,

. described.

but is rotatable independently thereof to provide for a differential speed-ratio between these two parts.

The two intermediate gears 38 mesh with a fourth relatively fixed gear 45 which is supported free to turn on the drive-roll shaft 11. The gear 45 has an extended hub 46 projecting through a ball-bearing 47'at the end of the gear-housing 25. The ball-bearing 47 is-of the same construction as those previously referred to, having its inner race 48 fast on the hub 46 and the outer race 49 held in the bore of the housing 25 with balls 50 revoluble therebetween. The gear 45 is held. longitudinally of the shaft 11 by means of thrustcollars 51 aiid 52 at either end of its hub 46, the collars being secured fast to the shaft by setscrews 53 and 54. Abutting the collar 51 is the inner race 55 of the ball-bearing 12 held fast with the shaft 11 by a set-screw 56.

It is to be observed that through the abovedescribed arrangement the armature-shaft 20 is connected to revolve the gear-housing 25 to cause rthe intermediate bevel-gears 38 to travel around the relatively fixed gear 45 and thereby impart rotary motion to the driven gear 39 which is fast on the shaft 11. With the gear 45 held fast the V motion'transmitted from the shaft 20 to the shaft oscillated to-and-fro to vary the driving action of the gears 38. The gear 45 is turned back and forth about the shaft 11 through one-half a revolution by means of a crank-motion as next Extending horizontally along the side of the bed 2 is a crank-shaft journaled in bearings 61, 62, .63 nd 64. The bearings 61 and 62 are formed as extensions depending from the brackets '7, while the bearing 63 is constructed as a part of; or attached to'the bed 2, and the endbearing. 64 is formed in a rib on the side of the bed. The crank 65 is preferably made separate from the two-part shaft 60 with its crank-arms 66 secured thereto by means of set-screws 67. A connecting-rod 70' has a' split-bearing '71 at one end joumaled on the crank-pin 68, see. Fig. 2, and reaches upwardly with its curved end formed with a hub '72 which is connected to a pin 73 held in opposite cars '14 projecting mm the side of a collar 75. Referring to Fig. 4, the collar "75 surrounds the end of the hub 46 of the gear 45 which projects beyond the end-hubof the gearhousing 25, being secured fast thereto by means of a setescrew '26. It will be observed by reference to Figs. 2 and 5 that as the crank-shaft 60 is rotated the connecting-rod '10 will be give: a reciprocatory motion to oscillate the collar 75 and thereby turn the gear 45 throughout a half revolution and back again. The crank-shaft 60 is driven from the motor 5 through the meansof. a trainof"gearingasnextdescrihed.

AsshowninFigs. 1and4,theendotthespinpie or sleeve 21 which surroimds the end of the armature-shaft 20 is formed as a gear-pinion I1.

1 having teeth went into its periphery. The pinion't'l mesheswithagearwwhichiskeyedat 81 to a-stud-shaft 82, seem. 6. The stud-shaft 82 is'journaled in ball-bearings 83 of same constructionaspreviouslydescrihedandhel in bores intheopposite uprithtsor ribs 24 and-85 onthesideofthebedlseel'il. Formedintegral withthe stud-shaft 82 k opinion 86 arranged to mesh with a gear}? which is fast to the end of the crank-shaft at 88 and secured longitudinally thereof by means of a set-screw 89. It will thus be seen that the armature-shaft 20 drives the train of gearing last described to rotate the crank-shaft 60 at a greatly reduced rate of speed, and through the means of the crank the bevel-gear 45 is given an intermittent to-and-fro rotation on'the drive-roll shaft 11.. The speed of rotation of the shaft 11 is thus periodically accelerated and decelerated,

through the differential gearing in the casing 25, the method of. operation of the complete machine and the functioning of the ribbon-breaker being as next explained.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the machine as herein shown is prepared for winding by mounting a wooden or fiber cone-tube or yarn-receiver C to rotate on the spindle 15. In applying the yarn-receiver C the arm 16 is raised .and the spindle 15 swung outwardly on its swiveled joint at the end of the arm in accordance with the well known practice with winding machines of the present type. After the yam-receiver C is in place the spindle 15 is swung back into parallel relation with respect to the axis of the drive-roll 10 and the arm 16 is then lowered to bring the surface of the receiver C into driving contact with the periphery of the roll. The strand of yarn y or other material is led up from a source of supply and through a tension-device, not herein illustrated, thence drawn across the periphery of the drive-roll 10 and its end fastened to the yam-receiver C, for example, by winding it several times around the grooved base thereof. In machines of the present type the drive-roll is usually rotated continuously and the starting and stopping of the winding is controlled by moving the yarn-receiver C respectively toward or away from the roll. Means are usually provided for automatically lifting the package away from the drive-roll to arrest the winding operation, but such means are not herein shown and described as they do not relate to the present invention.

As the yarn-receiver C is brought into surface contact with the periphery of the drive-roll 10 it will be rotated from the roll to'wind on the yarn. The roll 10 turns in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2 and as the yarn is taken up by the rotation of the receiver C the strand y will be picked up in one or the other of the crossing helical grooves 8 and 9 on the periphery of the roll. As the yarn feeds through the grooves it is traversed thereby back and forth longitudinally of the axis of the receiver C to deposit it thereon in helical coils which make several turns first in one direction and then in the opposite direction as indicated in Fig. l. -Means are provided at the crossing points of the oppositely extending grooves 8 and 9 to prevent the strand from being diverted from one groove into the other, in accordance with the construction described in the patent application hereinbefore referred to, and in this-way the yarn is given a continuous traverse from one end of the receiver to the other and back again to build up a succession of coursesforming overlying layers which constitute the yarn body or package.

At the start of the windingthe speed of the yarn-receiver C is approximately the same as that of the drive-roll 10 and the yarn will be laid from end to end of the receiver with a number of coils equal to the number of turns in the grooves 8 and 9 extending from one end of the roll 10 to the other end. As the yarn builds up on the receiver C the latter recedes from the drive-roll 10 and with the increase in diameter of the package its angular velocity or speed of rotation is gradually lessened due to the increasing disparity between its diameter and that of the drive-roll. In other words, there is a constant change in ratio between the speed of rotation of the package and that of the drive-roll and, consequently, there will be a corresponding variation in the number of turns laid on the surface of the package, or in the wind as it is called. For example, if the winding is started with four winds", or four turns on the surface of the yarn-receiver C as shown in Fig. l, as the package increases in size and its speed of rotation is retarded the numher of winds will be gradually'lessened with the causes what is termed a ribbon wind on the surface of the package. In a package of considerable size there may be a large number of these ribbons and at such points the winding is defective. That is to say, where the coils of winding are crowded and piled the yarn is stretched and strained and the turns will' not hold in place as well as when spaced apart: When several coils are laid over each other in the ribbon they tend to slip and slide out of place and roll on the surface of the package. disturbs the twist of the yarnand-tends to weaken it so that its quality is impaired and, as another serious defect, the ribbon prevents the yarn from delivering freely when it is drawn off over the end of the package.

It has been stated that one object of the present invention is to cure this defect in drum-wound packages by eliminating the ribbon wind and the means for accomplishing this purpose consists in the automatically-operated differential driving-gear for the roll 10 which traverses the yarn on the package. The armature-shaft 20 rotates at a constant rate of speed and through the train of gearing 77. 80, 86 and 87 drives the crank-shaft 60 at a constant but greatly reduced rate. The shaft 20 is connected to rotate the sleeve or spindle 21 and thereby the gear-housing 25 carried fast on its end. As the gear-housing 25 is rotated the intermediate gears 38 are carried bodily around the axis of the drive-roll shaft 11 with a planetary motion and through the engagement of their teeth with the relatively fixed gear 45 the gears 33 are rotated on their own axes to cause them to drive the gear 39. The gear 39 is fast on the drive-roll shaft 11 and is therefore caused to turn this shaft to rotate the roll 10, and as the four gears in the differential train are equal in size the speed of the shaft 11 under normal conditions is the same as that of the armature-shaft 20.

This

ward motion about its axis throughout one-half of a complete revolution. The effect of this oscillation or to-and-fro movement of the gear 45 is to cause the rotation of the driven gear 39 to be accelerated or retarded in accordance with the direction of movement of the gear'45. That is to say, as the crank 65 turns downwardly from top center and the gear 45 is turned in rotative eifect on the-gear 39.

the same direction as the shaft 11 the intermediate gears 38 will have a proportionately less On the other hand, as the crank rises from bottom center and the connecting-rod turns the gear 45 back in the opposite direction a faster rate of speed will be imparted to the gears 38 as they travel around the gear 45 and consequently the speed of the gear 39, and thereby the velocity of the shaft 11 and roll 10, will be accelerated.

Now it would appear that since the yarn-receiver C and the package wound thereon are rotated directly from the roll 10 the peripheral speed of rotation of the package would be the same as that of the roll and any acceleration or deceleration of the latter would be imparted to the package. This is not the case however because the package is driven by frictional contact of the drive-roll with its surface and there is necessarily some sl ppage at this point when the speed of the drive-roll'is altered. The yam-receiver C and the yarn wound thereon are of considerable mass and the weight thereof increases with the growth in the Furthermore, the package is rotated at a high rate of speed, and the force of momentum is therefore very considerable. Hence, when the speed of the driveroll 10 is retarded the package will tend to continue itsrotation at the maximum and in practice it has been determined that due to the slippage between the surface of .the package and the periphery of the drive-roll the slowing up of the roll has little or no effect to change the speed of the package. Likewise, when the speed of the roll is accelerated for a brief period it will fail to have any material effect in increasing the speed of the package due to the force of inertia,

' slippage taking place between the periphery of fected andin this way the synchronization of the traverse with the rotation of the package is disrupted. The effect of this disruption in the synchronous movement between the two cooperative elements-of the winding mechanism, that is, the

, rotating package and the traversing-means for the yarn, has the result to prevent the crowding andpilingoftheturnsorcoilsofwindin8to thus eliminate the "ribbon wind usually present in drum-wound packages.

Fig. 3 of the drawings illustrates form of winding mechanism having the drive-roll constructed as a separate element from the traverse-roll. In this embodiment of the invention the drive-roll is mounted on and rotated by its own shaft 91 "which is driven at aconstant -rate f either by connecting it directly with motor or gearing the armatureof' the electric traverse the yarn i means for driving the traverse-roll at such a package. is rotated at constant peripheral speed due to it thereto. The traverse-roll 100 is-mounted on an independent shaft 101 extending parallel with and located infront of the drive-roll shaft 91.

The cop-tube or yam-receiver C is carried at the end of an arm 102 pivoted at 103, being so supported as to adapt it to contact with the periphery of the drive-roll 90, but to be free from contact with the traverse-roll 100. The periphery of the traverse-roll 100, however, isadiacent to the surface on which the winding is performed in whatever position -the yarn-receiver C may assume so that the yarn y is fed through the grooves of the traverse-roll 100 directly'to the package in such manner as to deposit'the coils precisely in place thereon as described in connection with Fig. 1 of the drawings.

In the modified form of construction shown in Fig. 3, the traverse-mil shaft 101 corresponds to the shaft 11 referred to in connection with other views of the drawings, and the differential gearing is carried on this shaft and arranged in exactly the same manner as shown in'Fig. 4 and previously described. The winding mechanism in this last described embodiment of the invention will therefore operate to cause the yarnreceiver C. to be rotated from the drive-roll 90 at a constantly decreasing rate of speed while the yarn y is traversed longitudinally of the receiver by the separate traverse-roll which has .a; periodically accelerated and decelerated rate of movement under the actiomofthe diflerential'mechanism previously explained. The resuit .will be the same, that is,.a disruption of the synchronization between the rotation of the package and the traversing movement of the yarn with respect thereto so that the piling and crowding of the coils is avoided and ribbon windin'g eliminated.

It will be observed from the foregoing :that the present invention provides particularly simple and eiiicient means for periodically varying the element constitutspeed of any certain rotat e winding machine ing a part of the drive for whereby to efl'ect a disruption in the synchronization between two cooperating parts of the winding mechanism. The improved differential mechanism may be embodied directly in the drive of the machine and comprises a minimum num; ber of elements compacted within a relatively small space. The rapidly rotating gears of the device are entirely enclosed to provide for their lubrication and to prevent injury to the operator of the machine, and the mechanism is free fromcomplication and. not liable to become deranged or to' get out of order.

While the invention scribed as embodied in a preferred form of.con- 'struction and adapted for use with a certain style of winding'machine, it is to be understood that various modifications may be made in the form and arrangement of the parts of the device and its method of application which will fall within the scope and spirit of the appended claims.v

- is herein shown and-de- Therefore, withoutlimiting ourselves in this respect, we claim:

1. In a winding machine. thecombination of means. for rotatably supporting a yam-package, a grooved traverse-roll for rotating the package by. surface contact' I ongitudinally thereof, and

between the surface of the package therewith .while acting .to

whereby a periodic change in ratio between the speed of the package and the traverse of the yarn axially thereof is obtained to prevent ribbon winding.

2. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotatably supporting the package being wound, a traverse-roll for rotating the package by surface contact therewith, said roll embodying means for traversing the yarn from end to end of the package, means for rotating the traverse-roll, and means for varying the speed of the traverse-roll with a rapid intermittent acceleration and deceleration to cause slippage between the roll and the package whereby the latter continues to rotate at substantially constant speed and the ratio between the speed of the package and the traverse of the yarn is periodically altered to prevent ribbon winding.

3. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotatably supporting the package being wound, a traverse-roll for rotating'the package by surface contact therewith and provided with means on its periphery for traversing the yarn from end to end of the package, means for rotating the traverse-roll, and means for periodically accelerating and decelerating the'speed of the traverse-roll to cause slippage between the roll and the surface of the package whereby the latter continues to rotate at substantially constant speed and the rate of traverse of the yarn is periodically altered in ratio with the speed of rotation of the package.

4. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotatably supporting the package being wound, a traverse-roll having surface contact with the package to drive the latter and prorate of traverse of the yarn is periodically altered to disrupt the synchronism between the rotation of the package and the traverse of the yarn to prevent ribbon winding.

5. In a winding machine, the'combination of a traverse-roll having helical grooves on its periphery for receiving a strand of yarn or the like to guide it back and forth axially thereof, means for rotatably supporting a package in surface contact with the traverse-roll, means for driving the traverse-roll to cause it torotate the package while traversing the yarn from end to end thereof, and means for periodically accelerating and decelerating the speed of the traverseroll to cause the package to slip on the roll while rotating at a substantially constant speed as the rate of traverse of the yarn is altered to disrupt the synchronism to prevent ribbon winding on the surface of the package.

6. In a winding machine, in combination, means for rotatably supporting a yarn package, a grooved traverse roll arranged to rotate the package by contact with the periphery thereof while acting to traverse the yarn longitudinally thereof, means to rotate the traverse roll, and means producing intermittent slippage between the traverse roll and package periphery to change the ratio of package peripheral speed to axial yarn traverse to prevent ribbon winding.

'7. In a winding machine, in combination, means for rotatably supporting a yarn package, a grooved traverse roll arranged to rotate the package by contact with the periphery thereof while acting to traverse the yarn longitudinally thereof, means to rotate the traverse roll, and means producing recurrent fluctuation between the peripheral speeds of the two rotating parts'to produce changes in ratio between the speed of the package and the traverse of the yarn to prevent ribbon Winding. I

8. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotatably supporting a yarn package, means to rotate the package by peripheral contact therewith, means for traversing yarn on the package, and means for periodically disruptingdrive means to thereby change the ratio of package peripheral speed to yarn traverse thereon. ERNEST R. SWANSON. WILLIAM MARCROFT.

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