US1939112A - Process and apparatus for removing carbon from still tubes - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for removing carbon from still tubes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1939112A US1939112A US632257A US63225732A US1939112A US 1939112 A US1939112 A US 1939112A US 632257 A US632257 A US 632257A US 63225732 A US63225732 A US 63225732A US 1939112 A US1939112 A US 1939112A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- steam
- carbon
- oil
- gravel
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/16—Preventing or removing incrustation
Definitions
- This invention relates to processes and apparatus for removing carbon from oil cracking still tubes and the like, and has for an object to provide a process in which the combined action of heat for loosening the carbon, steam pressure for carrying it out, and the cutting action of a gravel blast, is used to effectively remove carbon and likedeposits in minimum time without injury to the tubes.
- Figure 1 is a 40 vertical section through a portion of an oil cracking still showing the application thereto of the apparatus used in practicing my carbon removing process. 4
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail section through 5 the gravel and steam connections to the oil cracking tubes, and
- Figure 3 is a detail section of the gravel and steam exhaust valve.
- 10 designates a portion of still in supporting the oil cracking tubes 14.
- the oilinlet 15 is carried by the lowermost tube while the uppermost tube is equipped with an oil outlet pipe 16 which conducts the hot oil to the evaporator or cracking chamber.
- Heat passing from the combustion chamber over the uppermost coils of the cracking tubes and thence downward over the lowermost coils to the stack produces an accumulation of hard carbon scales in the tubes which in time chokes the tubes and 5 this deposit is found greatest in the uppermost tubes due perhaps to the heat being more directly applied to these tubes as they pass through the combustion chamber, as shown.
- valve 18 may be dispensed with and'the steam, together with the carbon picked up thereby, be allowed to enter the evaporator or cracking chamber.
- a few minutes application of the steam blast under the specified pressure and under the specified temperature has been found sufficient to remove practically all of thecarbon deposit in all of the oil cracking tubes.
- a pipe 20 is coupled to the oil cracking tubes preferably to the lowermost tubes of those uppermost .coils, which pass through the combustion chamber, as shown in Figure 1.
- a conventional T coupling 21 may be used to effect applino cation of the stand pipe 20 to the oil cracking tube.
- the stand pipe 20 is equipped at the top with a valve 22 and near the bottom with a valve 23 and at the top may be equipped with a hopper 24.
- the upper valve is open and the hopper filled with gravel which will contain a. quantity of pebbles, stones and the like. When the stand pipe is filled with this gravel the upper valve may be closed and the lower valve then may be opened to permit the gravel gravitating and merging with the superheated steam blast at the T coupling 21.
- the high temperature and high pressure of the steam coacts with the bombarding of the gravel to soften, disintegrate, pulverize and loosen the carbon spots so that a few minutes application of the gravel and steam blast, or at least sufficient time to permit the contents of the stand pipe 20 to enter the oil cracking tubes, has been found suflicient to thoroughly cleanse the interiors of the tubes and restore practically their original newness and brightness so that the passage of oil therethrough during the cracking process will be substantially equal to that of new tubes.
- a process of purging oil cracking tubes of carbon deposits consisting of blowing steam through the tubes from the oil input end to the oil output end while simultaneously heating the tubes to substantially a cherry red, and subsequently admitting a stream of gravel-like ma terial to the steam blast.
- a process of purging oil cracking tubes of carbon deposits consisting of heating the tubes, admitting steam, raising the temperature of the steam blast to approximately 1200" F. by heating the tubes, and subsequently admitting a stream of gravel-like material to the steam blast while maintaining the pressure and temperature of the blast.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
Dec. 12, 1933.
PROCESS A. JIEULBERG 1,939,112
AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING CARBON FROM STILL TUBES Filed Sept. 8, v1932 {/l I/l ICIA F] J 51)) r /1|3 1 15 JEaZAer Q.
Patented Dec. 12, 193.;
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING CARBON FROM STILL TUBES Adam J. Eulberg, Sunburst, Mont.
Application September 8, 1932. Serial No. 632,257
3 Claims.
This invention relates to processes and apparatus for removing carbon from oil cracking still tubes and the like, and has for an object to provide a process in which the combined action of heat for loosening the carbon, steam pressure for carrying it out, and the cutting action of a gravel blast, is used to effectively remove carbon and likedeposits in minimum time without injury to the tubes.
Steam has hitherto been utilized in carbon removal from oil cracking still tubes but with varying success since carbon spots remain in the tubes, which spots seem to be burned too hard for the steam and heat to carry off. I have discovered that by applying gravel to the steam blast that the hammer blows of the irregular hard stones fracture and loosen the burnt spots of carbon so that cracking tubes are restored to practically new condition.
It is also known that steam has been hitherto passed through the hot oil cracking tubes alternately with the passage of oil through the tubes to purge the tubes without interrupting the work but this results in a loss of about one-half the operating time of the still. I have discovered that this loss of time may be saved by heating the carboned tubes to a cherry red and thereupon passing steam at 100 pounds, or greater, pressure through the heated tubes to soften and carry off the major portion of the carbon in a few minutes, whereupon the subsequent gravel blastong step, under the steam pressure, will effectively remove all of the remaining hard burnt carbon spots which the initial steam pressure step failed to eradicate.
For a full understanding of the steps of the process and the apparatus used in carrying out the invention reference may be had to the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a 40 vertical section through a portion of an oil cracking still showing the application thereto of the apparatus used in practicing my carbon removing process. 4
Figure 2 is an enlarged detail section through 5 the gravel and steam connections to the oil cracking tubes, and
Figure 3 is a detail section of the gravel and steam exhaust valve.
Referring now to the drawing in which like which coacts with the front and rear walls of the characters of reference designate similar parts u in the various views, 10 designates a portion of still in supporting the oil cracking tubes 14. As usual the oilinlet 15 is carried by the lowermost tube while the uppermost tube is equipped with an oil outlet pipe 16 which conducts the hot oil to the evaporator or cracking chamber. Heat passing from the combustion chamber over the uppermost coils of the cracking tubes and thence downward over the lowermost coils to the stack produces an accumulation of hard carbon scales in the tubes which in time chokes the tubes and 5 this deposit is found greatest in the uppermost tubes due perhaps to the heat being more directly applied to these tubes as they pass through the combustion chamber, as shown.
To remove the carbon deposits on the oil cracking tubes I attach a steam pipe 17 to the oil inlet and admit steam under approximately 100 pounds pressure. However, a greater pressure is better than a pressure below 100 pounds, in practicing the process. Prior to admission of the steam a fire is built in the combustion'chamber and obviously the heat will raise the temperature of the oil cracking pipes as well as the steam passing therethrough; It is found that when the pipes become cherry red that the effect of the steam g0 blast is most pronounced, at which time the temperature of the steam exhausting through the pipe 16 has been found, in practice, to be sub stantially 1200 F. Preferably, for carrying of]? the exhaust steam into the atmosphere I apply a three-way valve 18 to the exhaust pipe 16, the valve casing being preferably equipped with a discharge nozzle 19, although this may be dispensed with if desired.
Moreover, it is not essential that the exhaust steam be discharged in the atmosphere since the valve 18 may be dispensed with and'the steam, together with the carbon picked up thereby, be allowed to enter the evaporator or cracking chamber. In practice, a few minutes application of the steam blast under the specified pressure and under the specified temperature has been found sufficient to remove practically all of thecarbon deposit in all of the oil cracking tubes.
There will remain, however, in the oil cracking 10o tubes, especially the uppermost coils of the tubes, hard burned spots of carbon which superheated steam under pressure is unable to disintegrate and dislodge. To remove these spots the following apparatus may be employed.
A pipe 20 is coupled to the oil cracking tubes preferably to the lowermost tubes of those uppermost .coils, which pass through the combustion chamber, as shown in Figure 1. A conventional T coupling 21 may be used to effect applino cation of the stand pipe 20 to the oil cracking tube. The stand pipe 20 is equipped at the top with a valve 22 and near the bottom with a valve 23 and at the top may be equipped with a hopper 24. The upper valve is open and the hopper filled with gravel which will contain a. quantity of pebbles, stones and the like. When the stand pipe is filled with this gravel the upper valve may be closed and the lower valve then may be opened to permit the gravel gravitating and merging with the superheated steam blast at the T coupling 21.
The hard pebbles, stones and the like, carried along by the high velocity of the steam blast impinge against and deliver hammer blows upon the residual hard burnt carbon spots. This continuous shower of hammer blows has been found to disintegrate, crack up and dislodge the hot carbon spots so that the steam blast may carry the dislodged particles from the oil cracking tube. The high temperature and high pressure of the steam, of course, coacts with the bombarding of the gravel to soften, disintegrate, pulverize and loosen the carbon spots so that a few minutes application of the gravel and steam blast, or at least sufficient time to permit the contents of the stand pipe 20 to enter the oil cracking tubes, has been found suflicient to thoroughly cleanse the interiors of the tubes and restore practically their original newness and brightness so that the passage of oil therethrough during the cracking process will be substantially equal to that of new tubes.
Although I have shown a stand pipe as the means for supplying gravel to the steam blast it will be evident that various other apparatus may be equally well employed to effect the same process and therefore it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular apparatus shown and described.
What is claimed is:
1. A process of purging oil cracking tubes of carbon deposits consisting of blowing steam through the tubes from the oil input end to the oil output end while simultaneously heating the tubes to substantially a cherry red, and subsequently admitting a stream of gravel-like ma terial to the steam blast.
2. A process of purging oil cracking tubes of carbon deposits consisting of heating the tubes, admitting steam, raising the temperature of the steam blast to approximately 1200" F. by heating the tubes, and subsequently admitting a stream of gravel-like material to the steam blast while maintaining the pressure and temperature of the blast.
3. In an oil cracking still, means for admitting to and exhausting from the oil cracking pipes of the still a steam blast, a stand pipe operatively connected to the oil cracking tubes at a point between the intake and outlet of the tubes, and a pair of valves carried by the pipe adapted to be alternately opened to permit the pipe being first supplied with a gravel-like material and then to permit the pipe to discharge said material into the path of the steam blast.
ADAM J. EULBERG.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US632257A US1939112A (en) | 1932-09-08 | 1932-09-08 | Process and apparatus for removing carbon from still tubes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US632257A US1939112A (en) | 1932-09-08 | 1932-09-08 | Process and apparatus for removing carbon from still tubes |
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US1939112A true US1939112A (en) | 1933-12-12 |
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US632257A Expired - Lifetime US1939112A (en) | 1932-09-08 | 1932-09-08 | Process and apparatus for removing carbon from still tubes |
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2429299A (en) * | 1945-02-28 | 1947-10-21 | Serafinovitch Chris | Method and means of cleaning burners |
US2430976A (en) * | 1944-08-04 | 1947-11-18 | Joseph Dutra | Obstruction removing attachment for drains |
US2653420A (en) * | 1947-05-02 | 1953-09-29 | Acquilla R Ruth | Method and apparatus for cleaning radiator tubes and the like |
US3060064A (en) * | 1959-11-18 | 1962-10-23 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of cleaning tube bundles |
US3102055A (en) * | 1961-02-27 | 1963-08-27 | United States Steel Corp | Method of cleaning rotary kilns |
US3139711A (en) * | 1962-08-28 | 1964-07-07 | Schlumberger Well Surv Corp | Pipeline cleaning systems |
US3510350A (en) * | 1966-04-06 | 1970-05-05 | Du Pont | Process for cleaning gel deposits from polymer transfer lines |
US3764634A (en) * | 1969-04-23 | 1973-10-09 | Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng | Process and apparatus for preparing lower olefins |
DE2524570A1 (en) * | 1974-06-05 | 1975-12-18 | Toscopetro Corp | PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF COCO DEPOSITS FROM PIPES CARRYING HYDROCARBON FUELS |
US3964976A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1976-06-22 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Process for cleaning coke oven gas offtakes |
FR2425896A1 (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1979-12-14 | Union Carbide Corp | HEATING TUBES DECOKAGE PROCESS |
US4237962A (en) * | 1978-08-11 | 1980-12-09 | Vandenhoeck J Paul | Self-cleaning heat exchanger |
US4297147A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1981-10-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method for decoking fired heater tubes |
FR2645874A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process for decoking a hydrocarbon vapour cracking installation |
FR2645873A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process for decoking a hydrocarbon vapour cracking installation, and the corresponding vapour cracking installation |
FR2645875A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process and device for trapping and recycling solid particles in a hydrocarbon vapour cracking installation |
WO1990012852A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-01 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Process for steam-cracking hydrocarbons |
WO1990012851A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-01 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Process and apparatus for decoking a steam-craking installation |
FR2649717A1 (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-01-18 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Method and device for decoking a hydrocarbon steam cracking installation |
FR2649761A1 (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-01-18 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Method and device for distributing a gaseous flow charged with solid particles |
FR2652817A1 (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1991-04-12 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR VAPOCRACKING HYDROCARBONS, WITH RECYCLING OF EROSIVE SOLID PARTICLES. |
FR2653779A1 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-05-03 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process for decoking a plant for steam-cracking hydrocarbons and corresponding plant |
US20080234868A1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-09-25 | Osborne Leslie D | Method and apparatus for decoking tubes in an oil refinery furnace |
-
1932
- 1932-09-08 US US632257A patent/US1939112A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2430976A (en) * | 1944-08-04 | 1947-11-18 | Joseph Dutra | Obstruction removing attachment for drains |
US2429299A (en) * | 1945-02-28 | 1947-10-21 | Serafinovitch Chris | Method and means of cleaning burners |
US2653420A (en) * | 1947-05-02 | 1953-09-29 | Acquilla R Ruth | Method and apparatus for cleaning radiator tubes and the like |
US3060064A (en) * | 1959-11-18 | 1962-10-23 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of cleaning tube bundles |
US3102055A (en) * | 1961-02-27 | 1963-08-27 | United States Steel Corp | Method of cleaning rotary kilns |
US3139711A (en) * | 1962-08-28 | 1964-07-07 | Schlumberger Well Surv Corp | Pipeline cleaning systems |
US3510350A (en) * | 1966-04-06 | 1970-05-05 | Du Pont | Process for cleaning gel deposits from polymer transfer lines |
US3764634A (en) * | 1969-04-23 | 1973-10-09 | Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng | Process and apparatus for preparing lower olefins |
DE2524570A1 (en) * | 1974-06-05 | 1975-12-18 | Toscopetro Corp | PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF COCO DEPOSITS FROM PIPES CARRYING HYDROCARBON FUELS |
US3964976A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1976-06-22 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Process for cleaning coke oven gas offtakes |
FR2425896A1 (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1979-12-14 | Union Carbide Corp | HEATING TUBES DECOKAGE PROCESS |
US4203778A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1980-05-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method for decoking fired heater tubes |
US4297147A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1981-10-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method for decoking fired heater tubes |
US4237962A (en) * | 1978-08-11 | 1980-12-09 | Vandenhoeck J Paul | Self-cleaning heat exchanger |
FR2645874A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process for decoking a hydrocarbon vapour cracking installation |
US5177292A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1993-01-05 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Method for steam cracking hydrocarbons |
FR2645875A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process and device for trapping and recycling solid particles in a hydrocarbon vapour cracking installation |
WO1990012852A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-01 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Process for steam-cracking hydrocarbons |
WO1990012851A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-01 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Process and apparatus for decoking a steam-craking installation |
US5186815A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1993-02-16 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Method of decoking an installation for steam cracking hydrocarbons, and a corresponding steam-cracking installation |
FR2645873A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process for decoking a hydrocarbon vapour cracking installation, and the corresponding vapour cracking installation |
FR2649761A1 (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-01-18 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Method and device for distributing a gaseous flow charged with solid particles |
FR2649717A1 (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-01-18 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Method and device for decoking a hydrocarbon steam cracking installation |
FR2652817A1 (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1991-04-12 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR VAPOCRACKING HYDROCARBONS, WITH RECYCLING OF EROSIVE SOLID PARTICLES. |
WO1991005031A1 (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1991-04-18 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Hydrocarbon vapocracking installation with recycling of erosive solid particles |
US5183642A (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1993-02-02 | Procedes Petroliers Et Petrochimiques | Installation for steam cracking hydrocarbons, with solid erosive particles being recycled |
FR2653779A1 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-05-03 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Process for decoking a plant for steam-cracking hydrocarbons and corresponding plant |
US20080234868A1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-09-25 | Osborne Leslie D | Method and apparatus for decoking tubes in an oil refinery furnace |
US8349169B2 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2013-01-08 | Osborne Iii Leslie D | Method and apparatus for decoking tubes in an oil refinery furnace |
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