US1938034A - Liquefier for solidified gas - Google Patents

Liquefier for solidified gas Download PDF

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US1938034A
US1938034A US647468A US64746832A US1938034A US 1938034 A US1938034 A US 1938034A US 647468 A US647468 A US 647468A US 64746832 A US64746832 A US 64746832A US 1938034 A US1938034 A US 1938034A
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Prior art keywords
liquefier
gas
chamber
container
storage
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US647468A
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Thomas F Lundy
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CO APPLIANCE Co
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CO APPLIANCE Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0166—Shape complex divided in several chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0176—Solids and gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to liquefiers for solidified gas, for instance solid carbon dioxide, and has for its object to provide a device of this character,
  • solid carbon dioxide may be placed from time to time, liquefied or gasified in one container and discharged from said container into one or more storage containers or to a common discharge pipe from any of the containers or the liquefier.
  • a further object is to provide means, for instance heat means in connection with the liquefier for accelerating the natural conversion of the solidified gas, for instance solid carbon dioxide to a gas or liquid.
  • a further object is to provide the liquefier container with a pipe connection forming a main discharge pipe, a branch connection between the main discharge pipe and the storage tanks and valve means whereby gas may be discharged through the discharge pipe directly from the liquefier or from either or both of the storage tanks, as desired, thereby allowing the full utilization of the plant, for instance during the generation of gas or the use of either unit thereof singly.
  • a further object is to provide safety devices in connection with the various containers for relieving excess pressures therein. Also to provide pressure indicating gauges for indicating pressures within the containers.
  • a further object is to provide means whereby solid carbon dioxide or'other solidified gas may be converted to a fluid form without interruption of continuous operation of the plant or other apparatus depending thereon, for instance where the plant is used in connection with a soda fountain, or bottling works.
  • A'further object is to provide means whereby the number of storage containers may be increased without shutting down the plant and exhausting gas therefrom.
  • a further object is to provide the liquefier tank with two chambers, in one of which carbon dioxide is placed and liquefied and then transferred to the other chamber and to storage containers through a piping system; a cover for the first chamber and means whereby the chambers may be cut off from each other, thereby allowing opening of the cover for placing solid carbon dioxide in the first chamber without loss of pressure, and without danger to the operator incident to the high pressures.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the plant.
  • Figure 2 is a view in elevation of a modified form of plant, partly in section to better show the two chamber liquefier.
  • the numeral 1 designates the liquefier container which is provided with a removable cover 2 held in place by the separable channel cover member 3 for holding the cover against the pressure of gasifying solid carbon dioxide within the chamber 4 of the liquefier container.
  • Single container liquefiers are old in the art, however it has been found that in their use constant pressure can not be maintained nor a suflicient volume of gas generated, particularly where the liquefier is small.
  • this difiiculty storage containers 5 and 6 are provided, however it is to be understood that any number of storage containers may be used in connection with the liquefier and applicant does not limit himself as to how the various containers are to be supported.
  • any kind of bases may be used, and if desired the various containers may be disposed in a horizontal position in a rack.
  • Solid carbon dioxide or other solidified gas to be liquefied is placed in the chamber 4 of the liquefier 1, and during this operation the drain valve 7 is preferably open so that any gas generated in the device during a filling operation will not prevent or render diflicult the replacement of the cover 2.
  • drain valve '7 is closed and the pressure within the liquefier 1 will be indicated on the pressure gauge 8 carried by the pipe 9.
  • Pipe 9 is provided with a branch pipe 10 having fracture valve for preventing danger from excess pressure.
  • a main discharge pipe 12 Connected to the liquefier 1 is a main discharge pipe 12 which may lead to branch pipe 13', which 100 in turn may lead to bottling machinery or to a soda fountain for conveying the generated gas to these items of machinery for use.
  • a branch pipe 14 Connected to the main discharge pipe 12 is a branch pipe 14 having a control valve 15 therein, and through 105 which pipe, when the valve 15 is open gas generated in the liquefier passes to the branch pipes 16 through control valves 17, when open, to the storage containers 5 and 6, in which the gas is stored for use, for instance when the liquefier a pressure is built' upin the liquefier 1,
  • a transverse tube 22 is provided across the liquefier and chamber 4 there-' in and in which is disposed a heating element 23, which may be in the form of an electric resistance if desired. Applicant does not limit himself to the particular type of heating element.
  • the structure and operation is substantially the same as shown in Figure 1, with the exception the single liquefying casing 1 is provided with an upper chamber 4a in which the solid carbon dioxide is placed, and which chamber is relatively small in relation to the lower chamber 41).
  • a by-pass connection 24 is provided between the chambers controlled by a valve 25, so that the upper chamber can be cut off from the lower chamber during the refilling operation, thereby preventing loss of pressure, the easy replacement of the cover after the filling operation and facilitating the refilling operation from time to time.
  • chamber 4a may be made relatively small if desired as the gas generated therein is bypassed to the chamber 4b and to the storage containers 5 and 6.
  • a liquefying plant for solid carbon dioxide or other solidified gases, which is simple in construction, provided with storage means whereby high pressures can be maintained and built up from a liquefying container or generator and that said liquefier can be replenished from time to time without loss of pressure and without interfering with the continuous operation of the plant.
  • a combined gas generating and storage plant comprising a liquefier, container in which solidified volatile gases are placed and sublimed and storage containers in connection with the liquefier container and into which sublimed solidified gases are discharged and stored from the lique-' charge pipe, valve means whereby gases generated in the, liquefier tank may be by-passed into said storage tanks from the discharge pipe and afterwards discharged from said storage.
  • liquefier tank through the discharge pipes by-passing the liquefier, said liquefier tank being divided into agas receiving chamber, a cover for said chamber, a transfer chamber in the liquefier tank for the gas, means whereby gas will be transferred from one chamber to the other and means whereby the transfer of gas from one chamber to the other may be prevented, thereby allowing easy removal and replacement of the cover for refilling purposes.
  • a combined gas generating and storage plant comprising a liquefier container having a chamber for the reception of solidified gas and a second chamber into which gas from the first mentioned chamber is transferred, means for controlling the flow of gas between said chambers of the liquefier container, a discharge pipe in connection with the liquefier container, a storage container in connection with the discharge pipe, means whereby gas from the discharge pipe and liquefier container may be discharged, into the storage tank and means whereby gas from the storage tank may be discharged through the discharge pipe by-passing the liquefier container.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Description

Filed D80. 15, 1932 T F LUNDY LIQUEFIER FOR SOLIDIFIED. GAS
Dec. 5, 1933.
Patented Dec. 5, 1933 PATENT OFFICE 1,938,034 LIQUEFIER FOR sounmmn GAS Thomas F. Lundy, Tulsa, Okla., assignor to C02 Appliance ,Company, Tulsa, Okla.
Application December 15, 1932 7 Serial No. 647,468
3 Claims.
The invention relates to liquefiers for solidified gas, for instance solid carbon dioxide, and has for its object to provide a device of this character,
in which solid carbon dioxide may be placed from time to time, liquefied or gasified in one container and discharged from said container into one or more storage containers or to a common discharge pipe from any of the containers or the liquefier.
A further object is to provide means, for instance heat means in connection with the liquefier for accelerating the natural conversion of the solidified gas, for instance solid carbon dioxide to a gas or liquid.
A further object is to provide the liquefier container with a pipe connection forming a main discharge pipe, a branch connection between the main discharge pipe and the storage tanks and valve means whereby gas may be discharged through the discharge pipe directly from the liquefier or from either or both of the storage tanks, as desired, thereby allowing the full utilization of the plant, for instance during the generation of gas or the use of either unit thereof singly.
A further object is to provide safety devices in connection with the various containers for relieving excess pressures therein. Also to provide pressure indicating gauges for indicating pressures within the containers.
A further object is to provide means whereby solid carbon dioxide or'other solidified gas may be converted to a fluid form without interruption of continuous operation of the plant or other apparatus depending thereon, for instance where the plant is used in connection with a soda fountain, or bottling works.
A'further object is to provide means whereby the number of storage containers may be increased without shutting down the plant and exhausting gas therefrom.
A further object is to provide the liquefier tank with two chambers, in one of which carbon dioxide is placed and liquefied and then transferred to the other chamber and to storage containers through a piping system; a cover for the first chamber and means whereby the chambers may be cut off from each other, thereby allowing opening of the cover for placing solid carbon dioxide in the first chamber without loss of pressure, and without danger to the operator incident to the high pressures.
With the above and other objects in view the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter set forth,
shown in the drawing, described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In the drawing:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the plant.
Figure 2 is a view in elevation of a modified form of plant, partly in section to better show the two chamber liquefier.
Referring to the drawing, the numeral 1 designates the liquefier container which is provided with a removable cover 2 held in place by the separable channel cover member 3 for holding the cover against the pressure of gasifying solid carbon dioxide within the chamber 4 of the liquefier container. Single container liquefiers are old in the art, however it has been found that in their use constant pressure can not be maintained nor a suflicient volume of gas generated, particularly where the liquefier is small. To obviate this difiiculty storage containers 5 and 6 are provided, however it is to be understood that any number of storage containers may be used in connection with the liquefier and applicant does not limit himself as to how the various containers are to be supported. Any kind of bases may be used, and if desired the various containers may be disposed in a horizontal position in a rack. Solid carbon dioxide or other solidified gas to be liquefied is placed in the chamber 4 of the liquefier 1, and during this operation the drain valve 7 is preferably open so that any gas generated in the device during a filling operation will not prevent or render diflicult the replacement of the cover 2. After the cover is placed in position, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2, drain valve '7 is closed and the pressure within the liquefier 1 will be indicated on the pressure gauge 8 carried by the pipe 9. Pipe 9 is provided with a branch pipe 10 having fracture valve for preventing danger from excess pressure.
Connected to the liquefier 1 is a main discharge pipe 12 which may lead to branch pipe 13', which 100 in turn may lead to bottling machinery or to a soda fountain for conveying the generated gas to these items of machinery for use. Connected to the main discharge pipe 12 is a branch pipe 14 having a control valve 15 therein, and through 105 which pipe, when the valve 15 is open gas generated in the liquefier passes to the branch pipes 16 through control valves 17, when open, to the storage containers 5 and 6, in which the gas is stored for use, for instance when the liquefier a pressure is built' upin the liquefier 1,
1 is being refilled, and at which time the valve 18 adjacent the liquefier is closed, thereby allowing, through the manipulation of the various valves when the valve 19 is open, the discharge of stored gas from either of the storage containers 5 or 6 or both through the discharge pipe 12 to the branch pipes 13. It will be seen that gas may be used through the manipulation of the various valves from any of the containers, storage or liquefier as desired, and it will also be possible to build up pressure in either storage container from the liquefier when desired by the manipulation of the various valves. Branch pipes 16 are preferably provided with pressure gauges 20 for indicating the pressure when desired. The transfer of gas generated in the liquefier 1 preferably takes plaoeafter the and'a't which time the valve 18' is closed. Whenit' is desired to use the gas direct fromthe liquefier,
it will only be necessaryfto' closeva1ve-l5 and open valves 18 and 19. v "Additional-storage tanks may be attached to the dischargepipelZL'Without closing down the plant by an exhaustion of pressure therefrom. It will only be necessary to close valve 19 and make additional connection to the discharge pipe'12 to the discharge side of the valve. Storage containers 5 and 6 are provided with drain valves 21, through which pressure may be exhausted if desired, however drain valves 7 and 21 also form means whereby water or liquid formed by. condensation may be drained from the various containers.
For accelerating the rate of sublimation within the liquefier 1, a transverse tube 22 is provided across the liquefier and chamber 4 there-' in and in which is disposed a heating element 23, which may be in the form of an electric resistance if desired. Applicant does not limit himself to the particular type of heating element.
Referring to the form shown in Figure 2, the structure and operation is substantially the same as shown in Figure 1, with the exception the single liquefying casing 1 is provided with an upper chamber 4a in which the solid carbon dioxide is placed, and which chamber is relatively small in relation to the lower chamber 41). In this form a by-pass connection 24 is provided between the chambers controlled by a valve 25, so that the upper chamber can be cut off from the lower chamber during the refilling operation, thereby preventing loss of pressure, the easy replacement of the cover after the filling operation and facilitating the refilling operation from time to time. In this particular form, chamber 4a may be made relatively small if desired as the gas generated therein is bypassed to the chamber 4b and to the storage containers 5 and 6.
From the above it will be seen that a liquefying plant is provided for solid carbon dioxide or other solidified gases, which is simple in construction, provided with storage means whereby high pressures can be maintained and built up from a liquefying container or generator and that said liquefier can be replenished from time to time without loss of pressure and without interfering with the continuous operation of the plant.
The invention having been set forth what is claimed as new and useful is:
1. A combined gas generating and storage plant comprising a liquefier, container in which solidified volatile gases are placed and sublimed and storage containers in connection with the liquefier container and into which sublimed solidified gases are discharged and stored from the lique-' charge pipe, valve means whereby gases generated in the, liquefier tank may be by-passed into said storage tanks from the discharge pipe and afterwards discharged from said storage. tanks through the discharge pipes by-passing the liquefier, said liquefier tank being divided into agas receiving chamber, a cover for said chamber, a transfer chamber in the liquefier tank for the gas, means whereby gas will be transferred from one chamber to the other and means whereby the transfer of gas from one chamber to the other may be prevented, thereby allowing easy removal and replacement of the cover for refilling purposes.
3. A combined gas generating and storage plant comprising a liquefier container having a chamber for the reception of solidified gas and a second chamber into which gas from the first mentioned chamber is transferred, means for controlling the flow of gas between said chambers of the liquefier container, a discharge pipe in connection with the liquefier container, a storage container in connection with the discharge pipe, means whereby gas from the discharge pipe and liquefier container may be discharged, into the storage tank and means whereby gas from the storage tank may be discharged through the discharge pipe by-passing the liquefier container.
THOMAS F. LUNDY.
US647468A 1932-12-15 1932-12-15 Liquefier for solidified gas Expired - Lifetime US1938034A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2959927A (en) * 1957-05-08 1960-11-15 Robert H Hill Converter method and apparatus
US20050269351A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-12-08 Nippon Tansan Gas Co., Ltd. Method and mechanism to seal a vessel for a highly pressurized combustion-supportable or flammable gas

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2959927A (en) * 1957-05-08 1960-11-15 Robert H Hill Converter method and apparatus
US20050269351A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-12-08 Nippon Tansan Gas Co., Ltd. Method and mechanism to seal a vessel for a highly pressurized combustion-supportable or flammable gas

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