US1922405A - Combustion burner - Google Patents

Description

1933- A. E. STUCKERT COMBUSTION BURNER Filed March 7, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 A12. Jule/5261'! 9M Fa @21 1 15, 1933- ALE. STUCKERT 1,922,405

' COMBUSTION BURNER Filed March 7, 1930 5 SheetsSheet 2 gri tnntoz A. Slacker! wm WM BMW Aug. 15, 1933.

A. E. STUCKERT COMBUSTION BURNER 5 Sheets-Sheet :5

Filed March 7, 1930 A g- 1933- I A. E. STUCKERT 1,922,405

COMBUST ION BURNER Filed March 7, 1930 5 Shets-Sheet 4 A15. Slacker! Patented Aug 15, 1933' v "Wadert Co.,1In'c.,Clcveland,

ration of Ohio Ohio, a Corpo- Application .March.7,"1930.. Serial No. 423,935 2 ;19 Claims. (01.110 64) The invention relates to furnaces, and more particularlyto means for burning the gases of combustion so as to eliminatesmoke and proglucle the maximum heat from a'give'n amount of ue I x The objects of the improvement are to provide a burner, preferably at the rear of theme box,

through which all of the gases and smokefrom the fire are passed, before entering the stack, heated air being admitted to said burner to cause complete combustion of the gases and smoke.

A further object is to locate the mouth of said burner below the level of the bed of coals in the fire box whereby all of the gases and smoke are caused to pass'through the bed of. live coalsbefore enteringthe burner.

The above and other objects which will be apparent from the following .detail description of the invention may be, obtained by constructing 'the'device. in the manner illustrated in the accompanying'drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal,- vertical section through a boiler furnace, showing the invention located therein;

Fig.2, atransversesectional view, on a larger scale, taken. substantially on'the line 22, Fig.1; Fig. 3, an enlarged detail perspective view of one of the upper blocks of-the.burner; L 1

Fig. 4, a similar view of'one of the lowerblocks, thereof; I 7

Fig. .5, a fragmentary sectional view' through the. rear portion of a so called smokeless furnace ,showing the invention applied thereto; 7 c Fig. 6, a similar, section 'takenupon a different plane; I H

Fig.7, an enlarged, detail perspective view of one of the upperblocksof the form of burner'illustrated in Figs-5 and16; 1

thereof I Fig. 9, an enlarged plan the line 9+9,Fig. 10; and V v Fig. 10, a vertical sectional view of the same, as onthe line 10 -'l Q,.,Fig. 9.-. i I

- Similar numerals refer .to similar; parts throughout the drawings.

The invention isfapplicable to any type of furnace, and for the purpose'of illustration "it is shown as applied to a low pressure boiler furan or which may Fig. 8, a similar view of one ofthelower blocks;

v sectional "view of a. modified form of burner, taken substantially ont be of usual struction.

and ordinary con The. improved smoke consuming and fuel econ-. omizing device, to which the invention pertains, may be in the form of a burner formed'of a plu inadeof refractory material'or of metal,'or of a combination of both.

Each'unit or section of the burner is preferably made 'up of the upper and lower blocks indicated generally at 17 and 18 respectively, and these blocks may be provided at their side edges with the tongues and grooves 19 and 20 respectively, whereby the several'iunits or sections going to make upthe burner-maybe quickly and easily i ralityof blocks; whichmay be 'alined and :held in assembled condition. y j .As best shownin Figs. 1 and 2,v this-burner is located in the lower portion of :the bafile wall I 15 which forms a part of the rectlyadjacent to the grate invention, and. di-

bars 12,-inaorde'r 7 that all; of the products of combustion must pass through said burner, and preferably first down! ward through-the bed of live coals; before being conveyed to the V stack fluev 16;

pointed out.

as will be further -:'The lower. block '18 .preferablyrests directly upon the'grate bars 12, and the side portions thereof maybe tapered upward as at 21, the forwardly projecting nose portion 22 being cen trally located at the upper portion of the block, and the smaller projection 23 being preferably locatedin alinement therewith atthe rearside v of the block.

A central, upwardly-tapered air passage 24 is provided 'vertically entirely through the lower block, terminating at 'itsfupperlend in the narrow, elongated slotor alined slots, as shown at '25 1 Eachupper, block ls is'elongate'd and substantially Tshaped' in cross section, as best shown 2, and is provided with the forwardly and.

downwardly inclined hollow nose26 adapted'to register with thelforward end of the nose 'tion 22 of theadjacent lower block. Theupright 27 of the T isforrned with a nar-* row, centrally-disposed verticalpassage 29,'which extends entirely through the upright 27 anticommunicates at its lower endwiththe slots 25. The.

por-

sides ofthe upright 27 are formed with the apertures 28 communicating withthenarrow vertical central passage 29.

Similar apertures 30. are formed in the lateral walls Blofthe 11' and in the bottom wall 32 of the hollow. nose portion 26. The lower and upperblocks "are assembled together: as shown in" Figs. -1 and'2, invertedchannel blocks 33 resting upon .the upwardly disposed flanges 34-at'the'top of theupper blocks and upper wall of the nose 26 and closing the space between the same and the bottom of the baiiie wall 15.

The end blocks 17a and 18a may be of a different structure from those above described, pro viding a passage from the ash pit to each end portion of the inverted channel formed by the blocks 33 in order to permit heated air to enter said channel.

When the blocks are assembled as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, they form a series of passages 36 providing the only exit for gases of combustion from the fire box to the stack fiue, each of these gas passages having at its inner side the downwardly disposed mouth 37 located below the level of the bed of coals upon the grate bars, as indicated generally at 38.

In operating the furnace provided with this improved device, a fire is started upon the grate bars in the usual manner and after the volatiles have burned from the coal the incandescent coke remaining upon the grate bars is pushed to the rear end of the furnace covering the nose portions of the burner and causing all gases of combustion and smoke to pass downward through said incandescent coke before entering the burner.

Additional coal may then be added from time to time in the usual manner, the incandescent coke being always pushed to the rear of the furnace and maintained over the nose portions of the burner.

As the gases of combustion pass downward through the incandescent coke and into the pas- 35 sages 36 of the burners, they are mixed with the incoming heated air or oxygen from an outside source which passes up through the passages 24 of the lower blocks and out through the apertures 28 in the upper blocks, as well as down from the channel blocks 33 and openings 30 of the upper block; 7

As the heated gases of combustion contact with the heated air or oxygen in the passages of the burner an intense flame is created, producing substantially complete combustion, entirely burning the gases of combustion and smoke. Any carbon (C) gases which are formed in the fire box will be changed into CO2 as they pass through the burner; any carbon monoxide (CO) gases will be changed into carbon dioxide (CO2); and any carbon dioxide (CO2) gas as it passes through the incandescent bed of fuel will be changed into 200 gases, and again into 2CO2 as it passes through the burner.

Referring to Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive, a slight modification of the invention is shown to especially adapt the same to a so called smokeless boiler or furnace. In this form of the invention the burner is located upon the grate bars 12a in rear of and juxtaposed to the down draft 39 and comprises the lower block 1819 and upper block 17b.

The lower block preferably has the vertical rear wall 40, the front wall being inclined upward toward the same as at 41 and having the central forwardly projecting nose portion 42.

A vertical passage 43 is formed through the lower block terminating at its upper end in the angularly disposed slots 44 and 45 in the reduced rear portion and nose portion, respectively.

- Each of the upper blocks may be of substantially H-shape having the front and rear portions 46 and 47 respectively, joined by the central portion 48. The narrow chamber 49 in the rear portion 47 of the upper block registers with the rear slot 44 while the similar chamber 50 in the central portion of the upper block registers with the nose slot 45 of the lower block.

Apertures 5. are formed in the walls ofthe upper block communicating with the hollow interior thereof to discharge heated air into the gas passages 52 in order to completely burn all gases of combustion and smoke at this point.

In the modification shown. in Figs. 9 and 10, all of the gas passages 54 in the head 59 lead to a single outlet 55, a square or diamond-shaped bafiie 56 being preferably located at the intersection of the several gas passages, said baiile being hollowand communicating with the hollow air passage 57 in the lower portion of the head so that heated air may pass upward through the hollow battle as well as through the apertures 58 to mix with the gases of combustion which impinge upon the baille as they pass toward the exit 55. a

I claim:

1. In an updraft furnace having a fire box, a burner block in the firebox provided with an inlet passage below the level of the fire bed in said fire box and with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting additional air from outside the fire box' to said outlet passage to produce complete com bustion of the v 2. In an updraft furnace having a fire box, a burner block in the fire box providedwith an inlet passage below the level of the fire bed in said fire box and with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet passagefand the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting heated air from outside the fire box to said outlet passage to produce complete combustion of the gases. a 3. In an updraft furnace having a fire box, a burner block in the rear portion of the fire box provided with an inlet passage below the level of the fire bed in said fire box and with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting additional air from outside the ,fire box to said outlet passage to produce complete combustion of the gases.

4. In an updraft furnace having a fire box, a

burner block in the rear portion of the fire box povided with an inlet passage below the level of the fire bed in said fire box and with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting heated air from outside the fire box to said outlet passage to produce complete combustion of the gases.

5. In an updraf furnace having a fire box, a burner block in the fire box provided with an inlet passage located below the normal level of the bed of coals in the fire box and. with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting additional air from outside the fire box to said outlet passage to produce complete combustion of the gases.

6. In an updraft furnace having a fire box, a burner'block in the fire box provided withan inlet".passage lo'cated belowlthefnormalqlevel of the bed, on coals inv the fire .boxrandWith an outlet passage; meansfor causingall of the; gases from 'therfire box to; pass through said inlet pa ssagegand the walls 7 of said burner bloclr being perforated foiradmitting heated'airfrom outside the-,z-fires box to said outlet passage. to. produce complete combustion of thegases- '7. In an updraft furnace having a fire box,*a

burnerblo'ck intherearibortion of thefirebox provided with-an inlet passage located below the normal level of the bed of coals in the fire box and with an outlet passage, means ,for, causing all of the gases from thefire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated .for admitting additional air from outside the fire box to saidoutletpassage v to produce complete combustion. of the I gases. I a V 8. In an updraft furnace having a firebox, a

burner block in the rear portion of the fire box provided with an inlet passage located below-the .normal level of the-bed of (seals in the me box and with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the wallsof said burner block being perforated for admitting heated air from outside the 'fire box to said outlet passage to produce complete combustion of the gases.

9. In an updraft furnace having a fire box and a grate therein, a burner block located upon the grate in the fire box and provided with an inlet passage below the level of the fire bed in. said fire box and with an outlet passage, means for causing allof the gases from the fire box to pass through said'inlet passage, and the walls or said burner block being perforated for admitting additional air from outside thefire box to said outletpassage to produce complete combustion of :the gases.

10. In an updraft furnace having a firebox and a grate therein, a burner block located upon the grate in the fire box and provided with an inlet 3 passage below-the level of the fire bed in said fifire box and'with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass irough said inletpassage, and the Walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting heated air from outside the fire box to said outlet'pasgases.

11. In an updraftfurnace having a fire box and a grate therein, a'burnerblocklocated upon the grate in the rear portion of the fire box and pro EVldGd With an inlet passage below the level of the fire bed in said fire box and with an outlet passage,.meansfor causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet'passage, and the walls of said burner block being per-" forated for admitting additional air from outside. 7 the firebox to said outlet passage to produce complete combustion of the gases.

12. In an updraft furnace having a fire box and a'grate therein, a burner block located upon; the

and a grate therein, a burner block located upon .bustion' of the gases.

sage to produce complete combustionof the the grate, in the fire boxand provided with inlet passage located below the normal level of the bedof coals, in 'thelfire. box and .with an outlet passage, means-for causing all of the gases from the fire box to; pass through said inlet passage, and'the Wallsof said' burner block' being perforated'fo'r admitting additional air from outside the fire box to said outletpassage to produce complete combustion of the gases.,:'

l4; In an updraft furnace having a fire box and .a grate therein, a burner block located upon the gratefin the'fire box-and provided with an inlet passage located below the normal level of V the bed of coalsin the fire box andwith an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases'from the fire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting heated air from outside the fire box 7 to said outlet passage to produce-complete comv15. In an updraft furnace having w a fire box and agrate therein, aburner block located upon the gratein the rear portion of the fire box and i {provided with an inlet passage located below the normal level offthe bed of coals in the, fire box and with an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire box to pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting additional air from outside the firebox to'said outlet pas- ;s'ag'e to produce complete combustion of the gases.

too

'16. In an updraft furnace having a'fire box andza grate therein, a burner block located upon the grate in the rear portion of the fire box and provided withan inlet passage located below the normal level of the bed'of coals in the fire box andwith an outlet passage, means for causing all of the gases from the fire boxto pass through said inlet passage, and the walls of said burner block being perforated for admitting'heated air from outside the fire boxto-said outlet passage to producegcomplete combustion ofv the gases.

."17. In an. updraft furnace having a fire box 3' and a grate therein, 'a burner block located above the rear portion of the grate and provided with a forwardly'and downwardly disposed nose portion located below the normal levelof the bed of coals in the fire box, there being'an outletpassage from the fire box extending upwardly and rear'wardly through said'nose portion and rearward through the rear side of said burner block, there being air passages in the burner block at each side of said outlet passage, said I air passages being open at their lower ends and communicatingat theirupper portions with said outlet passage for'admitting additional air from outside of the firebox to said outlet passage toproduce complete combustion. I

18. In an updraft furnace having a-fire box, the combination of a burner structure inthe rear portion of said box, said burner structure comprising upper and lower series of blocks, each of the lower blocks being formed with vertically extending passages through it for admitting air from outside" said .fire box, the upper blocks being related toform gas passages having inlets and eachv upper block having related walls forming' an air passage communicating with the air passages in the adjacent lower block, the, last mentionedwalls being formed with openings to supply air from said air passages into said gas passages,'and means for causing all of-the gases of combustion from the fire box to flowintothe inlets of said'gas passages.

19. In an updraft furnace having a fire box,

tioned walls being formed with openings to supply air from said air passages into said gas passages, and means for causing all of the gases of combustion from the fire box to flow into the inlets of said'gas passages, said upper blocks having portions co-operating 'with the lower blocks to form the inlets for the gas passages below the level of the bed of coals in said'fire box.

ALFRED E. STUCKERT;

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