US1916254A - Steam boiler - Google Patents

Description

H. W. BUTLER July 4; 1933.

STEAM BOILER Original Filed 'Jgne 20. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 vim H. W. BUTLER July 4, 1933.

STEAM BOILER Original Filed unezo, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 27 INVENTOR BY U ' p ATTORNEY-S Patented July 4, 1933 UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE HENRY w. BUTLER, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T

FULLER LEHIGH COMPANY, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE STEAM BOILER Application filed June 20, 1924, Serial No. 721,188. Renewed December 17, 1981.

My present invention relates to steam boilers particularly those provided with a furnace chamber in which finely divided fuel, such as coal, coke, oil or the like, is burned, and will be best understood from the following description and the annexed drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a boiler embodying one form of my invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective of a portion of one of the side walls of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a view looking from the right of Fig. 1 and with a portion thereof a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the different Views.

In the arrangement shown, the boiler has a main bank of water tubes and two sets 11 and 12 of tubes in a dropleg, the upper set 11 being spaced somewhat from the lower set 12 and the set 11 being spaced from the set 10 to provide a superheater chamber in which is a superheater 13. Allof the tubes are connected to uptake water chambers 14 and downtake water chambers 15, which are,

in turn, connected in the usual manner to a steam and-water drum 16, fromwhich a pipe 17 leads tothe superheater. A baflle 18 ex-' tends along the tubes 12, and from the'inner end thereof a baflle' 19 extends upwardly across the set of tubes 11 where itjoins a baffle 20 filling the space between the superheater headers. bafile 21'extends across the main bank of tubes at an inclination to the vertical, and a baflie 22 gives a second and th rd pass to the gases to the smoke outlet In the illustrative embodiment, below the boiler is a furnace chamber having an extended front through which projects downwardlv powdered fuel nozzles 24, supplied with fuel and combustion air in the usual manner.

At the bottom of the combustion chamber is a set'of tubes 25 designed to cool the slag particles from the powdered fuel, these tubes being connected at their higher ends to a header 26 and at their lower ends to a header 27, the header 26 being connected to tubes 28 extending vertically inside of the furnace chamber and connected with the lower part of the uptake water chambers 14. Tubes 29 outside of the furnace chamber connect the header 27 with a header 30, which, in turn, is connected by tubes 31 to the mud drum 32 beneath the down-take water chambers 15.

By the arrangement shown, the tubes 25 are connected into the boiler circulation and greater certainty of circulation is secured by' inside of the front wall 33 and thence upwardly between the tubes 31 to an inclined header 36 connected at its upper end by a p1pe 37 to the steam and water drum 16, such connection preferably being through a plurallty of nipples 38 connected to a common unction box 39, to which the pipe 37 is, in turn, connected.

In order to cool the side walls, in the illustrative embodiment, I have provided a set of horizontally inclined tubes 40, connected at their lower ends to a vertical header 41, the lower end of which, in turn, isconnected by a pipe 42 to the steam and water drum 16 and a vertical header 43, which, in turn, 1s connected to a pipe 44, also connected to the steam and water drum through a plurality of nipples connected to a junction box 45.

Preferably the tubes are located in spaces within the side walls formed, in the illustrative embodiment, by half-round openings in the tops and bottoms of the tile forming the inner layer of the side wall, the halfround openings thus forming openings substantially circular in cross-section through which the tubes 40 extend. The tiles 46 which form this inner layer, in the illustrative, embodiment, are best shown in Fig. 2, the tubes 40 extending through these nearly circular openings. i

Inorder, however, to permit the tubes 40 to rise and fall in relation to the side wall, as may occur because of the pipe connections to the boiler, and because of the expansion and contraction of these pipe connections, I preferably make the openings in the tile such that these openings are higher than they are wide, thus permitting the tubes40 to move up and down without disturbing the tiles 26.

If desired, the side walls may also be air cooled, as indicated in Fig. 3. This combination of air cooling with the water cooling is advantageous in maintaining the brickwork of the furnace at all capacities with proper combustion conditions. With air cooled walls used alone the heat in the air used for cooling the walls is returned to the furnace so that the cooling of the walls does not diminish the furnace temperature. The inner surfaces of the walls are also heated to a high temperature and the heat is radiated back into the furnace. The .rate at which fuel can be burned in an air cooled furnace without having trouble with the a brickwork is considerably less than in a waagaintrouble through smoke at trouble through ter cooled furnace where the cooling of the walls in turn cools the furnace. This is especially so if an attempt is made to operate with air cooled walls at high capacitles with a minimum amount of excess air in order to secure the highest efficiency. With completely water cooled walls the cooling of the furnace results in the formation of smoke at a low capacity, and after being able to operate through a smokeless range there is a higher ca- With air cooled walls there is no smoke under conditions where there would be trouble with the water cooled walls, as the heat reflected from the walls back into the furnace, and the high temperature maintained in the furnace, assists in securing a good combustion.

By the arrangement of the side wall cooling, as indicated, the heat will be transferred to the horizontally inclined tubes and a onculation through these tubes will be lnduced thereby, the heated water rising through the pacitv.

pipe 44 to the steam and water drum and the cooler water descending through the pipe 42 to the headers at the lower ends of the tubes It will be understood that the embodiment of my invention may be widely varied and that certain of the features thereof may be used independently of the other features.v I claim: 4 x

1. A boiler having a steam and waterv drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler waterto circulate between the drum and the tubes when the-tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, horizontally inclined cooling tubes extending across the furnace, a horizontal header at each end of said cooling tubes and connected thereto, a

plurality of upwardly extending tubes con-' nected to the header at the high end of said cooling tubes and adjacent the inner face of one of the furnace walls, connections between the upper ends of said upwardly extending tubes and the boiler, connections outside the furnace chamber between the boiler and the horizontal header at the low end of said cooling tubes, and aplurality of wall cooling tubes extending upwardly adjacent the inner face of that wall of the-furnace chamber at the low ends of the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and having their lower ends connected to the horizontal header at the low ends of the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and their upper ends connected to the boiler.

2. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes,'horizohtally inclined cooling tubes extending across the furnace, a horizontal header at each end of said cooling tubes and connected thereto, a

plurality of upwardly extending tubes connected to the header at the high end of said cooling tubes and adjacent the inner face of one of the furnace walls, connections between the upper ends of said upwardly extending tubes and the boiler, connections outside the furnace chamber between the boiler and the horizontal header at the low end of said cooling tubes, a plurality of wall cooling tubes extending upwardly adjacent the inner face of that wall of the furnace chamber at the low ends of the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and having their lower ends cgnnected to the horizontal header at the low ends of the horizontally inclined cooling tubes, said wall cooling tubes being divided 1nto two groups, an inclined header connected to the upper ends of each group with their low ends adjacent, and connections between the high ends of the inclined headers and the boiler..

3. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, horizontally v inclined cooling tubes extending across the furnace, a horizontal header at each end of said cooling tubes and connected thereto, a

plura ity ofupwardly extending tubes connected to the header at the high endof said cooling tubes and adjacent theinner face of pne oftlthe furnaced walls, connections be- -wee ne upper en s'of said upwardl extend ng tubes and the boiler connedtions outside the furnace chamber between the boiler and the horizontal header at the low end of said cooling tubes, a plurality of wall .cooling tubes extending upwardly adjacent the inner face of that wall of the furnace chamber at the low endsof the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and having their lower ends connected to the horizontal header at the low ends of the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and their upper ends connected to the boiler, and a set of wall cooling tubes in another furnace wall with their ends connected to the boiler independently of the boiler water tubes and said horizontally inclined cooling tubes and their connections to the drum, and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate through the wall cooling tubes when said tubes are heated.

4. A-boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to c rculate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, the side walls of said furnace having a plurality of parallel openings therein extending parallel to the face of the wall and at an inclination to the horizontal, a wall cooling tube in each of said openings, said openings being larger than said tubes whereby the tubes may move 1n said openings, and circulating connections between the ends of said wall cooling tubes and the boiler.

5. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, a single row of hen- 'zontally inclined cooling tubes extending across the furnace, a header to which said cooling tubes are connected at their lower ends, said cooling tubes communicatlng. at their other ends with the boiler through a plurality of tubes in parallel located ad acent the furnace wall, connections between the boiler and said header, and a plurality of wall cooling tubes extending upwardly adjacent the inner face of that wall of the furnace chamber associated with said header and connected thereto whereby water flows downwardly from the boiler through said connections to said header and thence through the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and the tubes adjacent the furnace wall in parallel to the boiler.

6. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, a single row of horizontally inclined cooling tubes extending across the furnace, a header to which said cooling tubes are connected at theirdower ends, said cooling tubes communicating at their other ends with the boiler through a plurality of tubes in parallel located adjacent the furnace wall, connections outside the furnace chamber between the boiler and said header, and a plurality of wall cooling tubes extending upwardly adjacent the inner face of that wall of'the furnace chamber associated with said headerand connected thereto whereby water flows downwardly from the boiler through said connections to said header and thence through the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and the tubes adjacent the furnace wall in parallel to the boiler.

7. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, a wall of said fur nace having a. plurality of parallel openings therein extending parallel to the face of the wall, a wall cooling tube in each of said openings, said openings being larger than said tubes whereby the tubes may move in the openings, the tubes in said openings and the walls surrounding said tubes being relatively movable. transversely of said openings, and circulating connections between the ends of said wall cooling tubes and the boiler.

8. Aoboiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, a wall of said furnace'having a plurality of parallel openings therein extending parallel to the face of the wall at an inclination to the horizontal, a wall cooling tube in each of said openings, said openings being larger than said tubes whereby the tubes may move in said openings, the tubes in said openings and the walls surrounding said tubes being relatively movable transversely of said openings, and circulating connections between the ends of said wall cooling tubes and the boiler.

9. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to'said drum and arranged -to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, a wall of said furnace having a plurality of openings therein extending-substantially parallel to the face of the wall, a wall cooling tube in each of said openings, said openings being larger than said tubes whereby said tubes may move in said openings, the tubes in said openings and the walls surrounding said tubes being relatively movable transversely of said openings, and circulating connections between the ends of said wall cooling tubes and the boiler. 10. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, horizontally inclined cooling tubes extending across the furnace, a horizontal header at each end of said cooling tubes and connected thereto, a plurality of upwardly extending tubes connected to the header at the high end of said cooling tubes and adjacent the inner face of one of the furnace walls, connections between the upper ends of said upwardly extending tubes and the boiler, connections between the boiler and the horizontal header at the low end of said cooling tubes, and a/plurality of wall cooling tubes extending upwardly adjacent the inner face of that wall of the furnace chamber at the low ends of the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and having their lower ends connected to the horizontal header at the low ends of the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and their upper ends connected to the boiler.

11. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, a single row of horizontally inclined cooling tubes extendin g across the furnace, a header to which said cooling tubes are connected at their lower ends, said cooling tubes communicating at their other ends with the boiler through a plurality of upwardly extending tubes in parallel exposed to the radiant heat of the combustion chamber, connections between the boiler and said header, and a plurality of wall cooling tubes extending upwardly adja'cent the inner face of that wall of the furnace chamber associated with said header and connected thereto whereby water flows downwardy from the boiler through said connections to said header and thence through the horizontally inclined cooling tubes and the tubes adjacent the furnace wall in parallel to the boiler.

12. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water'to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply' heated gases to the boiler tubes, a single row of horizontally inclined cooling tubes 1 extending across the furnace, a header to which said cooling tubes are connected at their lower ends, said cooling tubes commumcating at their other ends with the boiler *hrough' a plurality of upwardly extending 1 tubes in parallel exposed to the radiant heat of the combustion chamber, connections outside the furnace chamber between the boiler and said header, and a plurality of Wall cooling tubes extending upwardly adjacent the inner face of that wall of the furnace chamber associated with said header and connected thereto whereby water flows downwardly from the boiler through said connections to said header and thence through the horizontallyinclined cooling tubes and the tubes adjacent the furnace wall in parallel to the boiler.

13. In combination, a boiler having a steam and water drum and rows of vertically extending headers connected to said drum and connectedtogether by horizontally inclined tubes, a furnace having vertically extending walls and arranged to discharge products of combustion over said boiler tubes, said walls being formed in part of horizontally inclined tubes, vertically extending headers connected to said tubes at opposite ends thereof, circulating connections from said headers to the boiler, tile disposed between said wall tubes andbetween said wall tubes and the heat of the furnace, and means supporting said tile and independently of said wall tubes.

14. In combination, a boiler having a steam water drum and tubes connected thereto to form a'circulating system therewith, a furnace having vertically extending walls and arranged to discharge products of combustion over said boiler tubes, said furnace walls being formed of horizontally inclined tubes and material interposed between the tubes and between the tubes and the heat of the furnace, headers connected to opposite ends of said wall tubes and supporting the same, means supporting said material independently of said tubes, and circulating connections from said headers to the boiler.

15. In combination, a boiler having a steam and water drum and tubes connected thereto to form a circulating system therewith, a furnace having vertically extending walls and arranged to dischargeproducts of combustion over said boiler tubes, said furnace walls being formed of horizontally inclined tubes and material interposed between the tubes and between the tubes and the heat of the furnace, headers connected to opposite ends of said wall tubes and supporting the same, means supporting said material independently of said tubes, and connections from said headers directly to said drum.

HENRY W. BUTLER.

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