US1905596A - Stanchion - Google Patents

Description

April 25, 1933. L. L. LEWIS 1,905,596

STANCHION Filed April 6, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I April 25, 1933. l w s STANCHI ON Filed April 6, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 25, 1933 STANCHION Application filed April 6,1931. SeriaLNo. 528,173.v

This invention relates to .improvements in stanchions for supporting pipe lines or other as it was poured, but this requires a great 'deal of care in careful measurment to locate the bolt inserts or sleeves at the proper points,

things of similar character.

In recent years it has become more common to provide tunnels for large pipe lines instead of merely burying the lines in the earth. This has become especially common where a number of large pipe lines are to be laid parallel, as, for instance, where steam or hot water is to be conducted to and from buildings heated from a central heating plant. Ordinarily the tunnels are made large enough for a person to walk through and are lined with concrete inside. By this arrangement the pipes are readily accessible for inspection, repair, or replacement. 7 v

\Vhen a number of pipes are placed in such a tunnel, it is necessary that the pipes be properly supported at the required in- O tervals and maintained in the desired positions with relation to each other and the walls of the tunnel.

For the purpose of supporting the pipes it has heretofore been customary to provide stanchions which, in general, comprised spaced vertical supports and horizontal bars upon which the pipes rested. When the stanchions were assembled in a tunnel, it was customary to attach the verticalmembers to the floor and ceiling of the tunnel by means of bolts set in expansion, blocks in holes formed or drilled in the concrete of the floor r to hold the vertical ZIIIGHlbCIS in place. Us

ually it would be necessary to drill at least eight holes for each stanchion; -Thishas been found tedious and expensive work. In 7 case the tunnelwerebeing constructed simultaneously with theinStallatiQll Qfithe' pipe 7 line, the necessary bolt inserts or sleeves could be formed or imbedded in the concrete and adds to and complicates the work of building the tunnel- This invention has for an object to provide an improved construction for stanchions whereby the work required for installation is materially. reduced. 7 l

A further object of this invention is to pro vide an improved stanchion for supporting pipe lines or other things of'similar character in tlllll'lClSWlliCl] may, befirmly and permanently installed in a tunnel Without drilling or otherwise forming holes, depressions, or openings in the inner faces of the tunnel.

Another object of this invention .is to provide an improved formoi' stanchion for supporting pipe lines or'other things of similar character 111 tunnels, which is composed entirely of parts which may be cutto predetermined dimensions at the shops and assembled in position without modification of size, length, or in any other'way. I Still another object of thisinvention is to provide an improved stanchion, which is adapted to be permanently retained in position in a tunnel entirely by means of frictional engagement with the floor and ceiling of the tunnel. r r A further object is i to provide an improved stanchionwhich' is adapted to be retained in position between the floor and ceiling of a pipe tunnel under a substantially uniform and unvarying compressive stress and in which the compressive stress is not materially altered by the variations oftemp'erature to which it is liable to be subjected, A further object of this invention is to providean improved stanchion for supporting pipe lines in which longitudinal movement of the pipelines relative tov the stanchions due to expansion and contraction incident to tern.- perature changes will bev permitted without transmitting to the stanchions a force sulfic ient deform the same or displace them; fromtheir proper positions in the tunnel.

While "this invention isbelieved to be of particular value in use in connection with pipe line tunnel stanchions, and this embodiment of the invention has been selected as illustrative thereof for the purpose of description in this specification, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be con- Figure 5 is a bottom View of across-arin retaining cup as disposed in Figure 2.

t Figure 6 is a sectional view of the stanchion shown in Figure 1 taken on line 6-6.

Figure 7 is a front view partly in section of a modified form of vertical support,

In the drawings, number 1 refers to a side wall of a tunnel through which a number of pipe lines 2 extend. The floor of the tunnel is indicated by numeral 3 and the ceiling by numeral 4. Usually the side walls, ceiling.

and floor of pipe line tunnels are made of concrete.

V The stanchion forming the subject of my invention comprises a pair of vertically disposed columns 5 and 6 which may .be solid metal or tubular. These columns 5 and 6 may be provided at their lower ends with external running threads as indicated at 7. The lower ends of columns are screwed into internally threaded openings 8 of metalcastings 9. The lower face of each casting 9 is roughened as at 10, so as to increase its friction against the concrete floor 30f the tunnel. These surfaces are preferably made rough when the castings are formed.

In the preferred form the upper ends of the columns are not threaded,but are left plain. Upper column. retainer cup castings ll are also preferably formed with a roughened surface 12 for frictionalengagement with the ceiling of the tunnel. These castings 11 are formed cup shaped, that is, are provided with a central circular recess 13. This 5 or 6. Before the end of a supporting col-,

umn is inserted in recess 13, however, a strong spring washer 14=and a plain washer 15 are inserted in the recess.

For carrying thepipe lines, the stanchions are provided with cross'arms or bars 16which are supported at their ends in cups 17 which may be secured to uprights BM 6 by U-shaped bolts 18. These cross arm supporting cups comprise a base plate 19 providedwith a verticallyextending semicircular recess '20 adapted to conform to the shape of an upright column 5 or 6 upon which it is secured. The base plate is also provided with a number of bolt holes 21 properly positioned to receive the ends of U-shapedbolts 18 which secure the cup to an upright. A semicircular flange 22 is formed on the base plate 19 and forms a cup 23 for supporting and retaining one end of a cross bar 16 upon which the pipe lines rest. The inside face of each cup 23 is made relatively smooth and the cups are of such size that the ends of cross bars 16 will substantially fill them but may rotate relative thereto without binding or unnecessary friction. The ends of cross bars 16 are also free of unnecessary roughness so that cross arms may rotate in the cups without transmitting a material force to the cups and the stanchions.

In a modified form of my invention the upright columns are retained in position between the floor and ceiling of the tunnel by a somewhat difierent arrangement. As shown in Figure 7, the lower end of vertical supporting column 25 is screw-threadedly received in a retainer casting which is similar to retainer casting 9 described in connection with the previously described embodiment.

The upper end of column 25 is provided with a running thread 26 havingthe opposite pitch to that on its lower end. The upper end is received in a retainer casting 27 which is substantially similar to member 9-, but is provided with a running thread of opposite pitch from the thread of member 9. The spring washer 14' and plain washer 15 are omitted from retaining cup 27. In all other respects this modified formmay be similar to the first embodiment described.

The operation of installing a stanchion constructed in accordance with my invention is a relatively simple procedure. The bottom castings 9' may first be screwed on to the lower end of the upright columns 5 and 6 until the lower extremities of the columns are substantially flush with the bottom roughened su'rfa'ceof the castings. The uprights are then placed with their lower ends and thecasti'ngs 9 carried thereby in'the de-' sired positions on the tunnel floor and are disposed vertically. The upper retainer castings 11, with the spring washers 14 and plain washers 12 inserted in recess '13, are

then placed in. position on the upper ends of the columns 5 and 6. The next operation is to unscrew the columns from the loweriretainer castings9, so that the columns will move upwardly and the upper ends thereof press intov recesses 13 of the upper retainer cups 11 and engage plain washers 15. The upper retainer cups are thereby forced against the'ceil-ingof the tunnel, and the upper roughened surfaces 12 frictionally cooperate. with the concrete ceiling 4: so asto prevent lateral displacementof the vertical neoabae columns from their proper positions. As the upward movement of the columns continues, the spring washers are compressed to some extent but the unscrewing of the columns from the lower castings is stopped before the spring washers are entirely flattened out. Thus, the vertical columns are retained under resilient compression and lateral displacement thereof is prevented by the frictional engagement between the roughened surfaces of castings 9 and retainer cups 11 with the floor and ceiling respectively of the tunnel. The spring washers 14 have the function of yielding whenever the columns become elongated from unusually high temperatures so as to prevent an excessive pressure being exerted onthe roof. The spring washers also prevent the columns 5 and 6 from being subjected to excessive compressive stress and the resulting tendency to buckle. YVhen the columns become cold with incidental shortening, the spring washers will expand and compen sate for the reduction in length so that the columns will continue to be held under com pression and the roughened surfaces of membore 9 and 11 will be retained in frictional engagement with the floor and ceiling of the tunnel.

After the vertical columns have been firmly established in position, the cross-arm supporting cups 17 are secured on the columns at the proper height from the tunnel floor to give the pipes 2 to be supported the proper grade. The. pipes 2 are then lifted into position and the cross bars 16 are placed with their ends in the retaining cups. The pipes may then be permitted to rest upon the cross arms. 7

In case it should be desired at some later time to disassemble a stanchion, the upright columns may be turned in the proper direction to screw the lower ends thereof further into bottom castings 9. This shortens the length of the columns and relieves the pressure of the upper retainer cups against the ceiling and the stanchion may be lowered to horizontal position. In case the plain washers 15 were not used between the upper ends of the stanchions and the strong spring washers 14: it would sometimes be found that the sharp edge of the spring washers would cut into the metal of the end of the columns and the retainer cups 11. In this event the washers would interfere with turning of the columns in the direction necessary to withdraw the column ends from the retainer cups. It is to prevent this that the plain Washers are used between spring washers and the ends ofthe columns. 7

When the pipe line is in service the temperature of the pipes will vary according to the temperature of the fluid being conducted and naturally the pipes will expand and contract with incidental movement longitudinally. The outer surfaces'of large pipes may sometimes be rough and somewhat irregular- In order that the movement of the pipes over cross bars 16 will not. exert an excessive force tending to displace the stanchions, the ends of the cross bars and the in.- nersurface of the retainer cups are made smooth so that the cross arms may rotate or roll with respect. to the retainer cups. 7

The erectionof a stanchion constructed in accordance with the modified form of my invention previously described is substantially similar to the procedure outlined above except with respect to the erection of the vertical columns These columns are erected by screwing both the castings 9 and 27 upon the lower and upper ends of the columns. The columns are then disposed vertically and placed in the desired position in the tunnel. The castings 9 and 27 are held against rotation while the columns are turned in the proper direction to unscrew from both castings which are threaded with opposite pitch as has heretofore been explained. This forces the upper and lower castings upwardly and downwardly respectively and into frictional engagement with the ceiling and floor of the tunnel so as to bind the columns under compression in the desired position in the tunnel. The rest of the operation of installing the modified form of stanchion is similar to the procedure described in connection with the other form. 7

Having described my invention, Iclaim: 1. A stanchion for supporting pipe lines between vertically spaced surfaces comprising a pair of horizontally spaced vertically disposed standards, each having an end retaining member at each end for frictionally engaging the vertically spaced surfaces, a

screw connection between one end of each standard and its corresponding retaining member for extending or retracting the length of the standard to adjust the frictional engagement with the vertically spaced sur faces, a spring between the opposite end of the standard and retaining member to maintain the frictional engagement at approxi- .mately a predetermined degree of pressure,

ing a plurality of horizontally spaced vertically disposed standards, each having an end retaining member at each end for frictionally engaging the vertically spaced surfaces, a screw connection between one end of each standard and its corresponding retaining member for extending or retracting the length of the standard to adjust the frictional engagement with the vertically spaced surfaces, a spring between theopposite end of the standard and retaining member to maintain the frictional engagement at ap: proximately a predetermined degree of 7 pressure, a retainer bracket frietionally attached to each standard intermediate its ends and a horizontally disposed rounded pipe support having its ends supported in said retainer brackets.

. LLOYDL. LEWVIS.

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