US1892486A - Glue and method for making plywood - Google Patents
Glue and method for making plywood Download PDFInfo
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- US1892486A US1892486A US394925A US39492529A US1892486A US 1892486 A US1892486 A US 1892486A US 394925 A US394925 A US 394925A US 39492529 A US39492529 A US 39492529A US 1892486 A US1892486 A US 1892486A
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- US
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- Prior art keywords
- glue
- parts
- meal
- casein
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 title description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 32
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 32
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 29
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 29
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 20
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019624 protein content Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008476 powdered milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000000073 Amphicarpaea bracteata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002470 Amphicarpaea bracteata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sawdust Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J189/00—Adhesives based on proteins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
- C09J189/005—Casein
Definitions
- This .invention has for its object the making at a glue or adhesive suitable for use in gluing'together wood objects and the like and particularly wood veneers by processes known in the art and this adhesive is suitable for use where theso-called hot plate process is employed in which heat and pressure are-used simultaneously in joining the several plies or parts to be joined.
- hot plate process the usual method is to dissolve dry blood or blood albumin in water and to apply this dissolved material to wood such as veneers for the purpose of making three-ply panels or other 'multi-ply panels by applying the glue in the usual manner well known in the art of plywood manufacture.
- the solution of blood or, albumin has been applied to the veneers and the latter assembled to constitute the panels they are.
- the panels When pressed between hot plates in this manner, the panels become heated'up somewhat. Even when three three-ply panels are pressed between the two hot plates, the inner panel becomes hot enough to be uncomfortable to handle. During this treatment, the glue joint becomes .hot enough to coagulate the albumin and to set the glue. Perhaps steam generated in the hot pressing may assist in this.
- the glued panels ob- 0 tain'ed have a good d'ry strength and due to the heat applied to the liquid blood there is a coagulation of the albumin to such an extent that the lued panels will not separate easily when soa ed in water.
- Such ,types of glued woods are employed in airplane construction and other commercial lines of manufacture where good water-resistance is desired.
- blood or blood albumin I mean dried blood or what is known and sold commercially as dried blood albumin. Obviously the blood orblood albumin could be used in the undried condition although this is not usually practical due to the rapiddecomposition of the blood in this form.
- casein means a dried milk casein of ordinary commercial grade, preferably ground to pass a 50 mesh standard wire screen or finer.
- seed-meals I mean the meal from protein-rich seeds, such as the of peanut; cotton-seed, soy bean and the like, which have been finely ground'preferably so that practically all of the meal will pass throughan 80 mesh standard wire sieve and preferably a meal or flour made from thepress cake of the seed, after the major portion of the oil or fat has been extracted or removed by the usualcommercial process employed in extracting or expressing the hatural oil content of the seeds.
- protein-rich seeds such as the of peanut; cotton-seed, soy bean and the like, which have been finely ground'preferably so that practically all of the meal will pass throughan 80 mesh standard wire sieve and preferably a meal or flour made from thepress cake of the seed, after the major portion of the oil or fat has been extracted or removed by the usualcommercial process employed in extracting or expressing the hatural oil content of the seeds.
- These seed I Example 1 90 parts of blood albumin, 30 parts of casein, 30 parts of peanut meal, 100 parts of sawdust. These ingredients are preferably mixed together dry and
- Ewample 2 90 parts of blood albumin, 15 parts of casein, 45 parts of peanut meal, 100 parts of sawdust, preferably mixed together dry and proceed as in Example 1.
- Ewample 3 90 parts of blood albumin, 15 parts of casein, 45 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of tri-sodium phosphate, 100 parts of sawdust,
- Example 1 Example 1, mixed together dry and proceed as in Example 1, (including the addition of lime and sodium silicate).
- Ewample 4 90 parts blood albumin, 60 parts-soybean meal, 5 parts tri-sodium phosphate, 2 parts sodium fluoride, 100 parts sawdust. Mix
- the glue made from blood albumin, sawdust, lime, sodium silicate and water would be impractical since it has a life of only a few minutes, whereas when the casein and peanut meal are added, the life is about two hours. This first would be impractical for use on a spreading maclhine, whereas the later would be practica With the glues prepared as per Examples 2 and 3, above, the life will vary between 1.5 and 3 hours, more or less, depending on proportions, etc. With Example 4, a still thinner glue is formed, suitable for some types of plywood, which does not thicken for a longer time than the other examples above.
- I can use other alkaline salts of alkali metals (say sodium carbonate, di-sodium phosphate, etc.) in place of the tri-sodium phosphate.
- alkali metals say sodium carbonate, di-sodium phosphate, etc.
- caustic soda this will ordinarily be added to the Water used in making up the liquid glue, or it can be added with the lime.
- the lime and sodium salts would seem to react on mixing with water.
- the sawdust used can be hardwood or softwood sawdust, preferably ground to pass a 40 mesh screen, or finer. It might be as fine as the seedmeal or flour, or finer. Equivalent materials such as corn cobs, chaff from grain, hulls from seeds, ground peanut shells, or the like, can be substituted. Sawdust and equivalent material will hereinafter be included in the term cellulosic material. I
- casein For securing the strongest joints I prefer to use some casein at least in, the formula. Even a small amount improves the product somewhat. Where very soft woods are employed and only relatively waterproof results For instance the blood albumin, casein, and
- dry lime hydrate and sodium salts and/or blood albumin could be sold by the glue manufacturer, all as well known in the dry glue industry.
- glues of this type are generally sold in the dry state, and only mixed with water to form the liquid glue at the time of use or a few hours, at the most,before use.
- the method of applying the glues illustratively given in the above examples is the same as when applying any other glue, as by means of glue rolls or by spreading the glue on the Wood with a brush or by any other desired manner, putting the glued panels in the hydraulic press between the heated platens, applying desired pressure and temperature for a period usually not exceeding 5 minutes, then the panels may be removed, stacked for drying for a few days if desired when they are ready to be used as required.
- a glue base comprising as its essential constituents blood albumin, seed-meal rich in protein, and casein, which base upon m1xing with water, alkali and an alkaline earth can produce a glue suitable for making waterproof plywood.
- a glue base comprising blood albumin, seed-meal rich in protein, and casein, and cellulosic material, which base upon mixing with water, alkali and an alkaline earth can produce a glue suitable for making water-. proof plywood.
- a glue comprising as its essential constituents the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, alkali and water, such glue being substantially free from added rubber and from formaldehyde material.
- a glue comprising as its essential constituents the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, casein, lime, alkali and water.
- a glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, cellulosic material, alkali and water,
- a glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, casein, lime, alkali and water, and a comminuted cellulosic material constituting the largest solid ingredient.
- a glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, casein, lime, alkali and water, said glue having a life several times greater than the life of a glue with the corresponding proportion of blood albumin, lime and alkali, but without the casein and seed meal added.
- a glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, cellulosic material, said cellulosic material being in amount greater than any of said mentioned material, alkali and water.
- a glue base comprising 90 parts of dried blood albumin, 15 to 30 parts of dried milk casein, 30 to 45 parts of highly proteinaceous seed meal and about parts of fine com-
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 27, 1932 HENRY V. DUNf EAM, F BAINBRIDGE, NEW YORK GLUE AND METHOD FOR. MARIN G PLYWOOD No Drawing.
This .invention has for its object the making at a glue or adhesive suitable for use in gluing'together wood objects and the like and particularly wood veneers by processes known in the art and this adhesive is suitable for use where theso-called hot plate process is employed in which heat and pressure are-used simultaneously in joining the several plies or parts to be joined. In the m hot plate process type of gluing the usual method is to dissolve dry blood or blood albumin in water and to apply this dissolved material to wood such as veneers for the purpose of making three-ply panels or other 'multi-ply panels by applying the glue in the usual manner well known in the art of plywood manufacture. When the solution of blood or, albumin has been applied to the veneers and the latter assembled to constitute the panels they are. placed in hydraulic presses which are equipped with steam heated platens. -As a general thing about three glued up panels are. placed between each set of platens and from 300 to 500.pounds per square inch of pressure applied for from 3 to 5 minutes. The temperature of the heated platens may be about 250 F. or in some cases somewhat higher.
When pressed between hot plates in this manner, the panels become heated'up somewhat. Even when three three-ply panels are pressed between the two hot plates, the inner panel becomes hot enough to be uncomfortable to handle. During this treatment, the glue joint becomes .hot enough to coagulate the albumin and to set the glue. Perhaps steam generated in the hot pressing may assist in this.
By this procedure the glued panels ob- 0 tain'ed have a good d'ry strength and due to the heat applied to the liquid blood there is a coagulation of the albumin to such an extent that the lued panels will not separate easily when soa ed in water. Such ,types of glued woods are employed in airplane construction and other commercial lines of manufacture where good water-resistance is desired.
There are, however, certain objections to 1 the use of blood albumin for this type of gluing. In the first place it is quite expenglued surface.
Application filed September 24, 1929. SeriaI No. 394,925.
face, particularly on some types of soft woods such as poplar, pine, fir, and the like. By my invention I have found that I can secure an improved blood albumin glue particularly suitable for ,hot plate press work, which will remain usable longer than blood albumin, will have a better flow when appied to panels and the like, and will give a more uniform layer of film of glue on the To obtain these results I mix withthe blood albumin the desired quantities of mixtures of finely ground seed meal and alkali or casein, alkali and a finely ground seed-meal containing a relatively high percentage of-protein.
In order to more fully describe andexplain my invention I give herewith, examples by way of illustration, and tests showing several combinations which have proved to be satisfacto y although I do not limit myself to the ex$ples and proportions cited. I
In referring ,to blood or blood albumin I mean dried blood or what is known and sold commercially as dried blood albumin. Obviously the blood orblood albumin could be used in the undried condition although this is not usually practical due to the rapiddecomposition of the blood in this form.
In referring to casein, I mean a dried milk casein of ordinary commercial grade, preferably ground to pass a 50 mesh standard wire screen or finer.
In referring to seed-meals I mean the meal from protein-rich seeds, such as the of peanut; cotton-seed, soy bean and the like, which have been finely ground'preferably so that practically all of the meal will pass throughan 80 mesh standard wire sieve and preferably a meal or flour made from thepress cake of the seed, after the major portion of the oil or fat has been extracted or removed by the usualcommercial process employed in extracting or expressing the hatural oil content of the seeds.- These seed I Example 1 90 parts of blood albumin, 30 parts of casein, 30 parts of peanut meal, 100 parts of sawdust. These ingredients are preferably mixed together dry and are added to 600' parts of cold water and slowly mixed for from minutes to half an hour. Then another 600 parts of cold water are added, the mass well mixed and allowed to stand for 1 hour. At the end of the hour I add 36 parts of commercial hydrated lime previously mixed in 54 parts of water. I then mix for about five minutes, then add 5 parts of sodium silicate, mix another 5 minutes when the glue is ready to be used.
Ewample 2 90 parts of blood albumin, 15 parts of casein, 45 parts of peanut meal, 100 parts of sawdust, preferably mixed together dry and proceed as in Example 1. Ewample 3 90 parts of blood albumin, 15 parts of casein, 45 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of tri-sodium phosphate, 100 parts of sawdust,
mixed together dry and proceed as in Example 1, (including the addition of lime and sodium silicate).
Ewample 4 90 parts blood albumin, 60 parts-soybean meal, 5 parts tri-sodium phosphate, 2 parts sodium fluoride, 100 parts sawdust. Mix
together dry and proceed as in Example 1.
I am of course aware that blood albumin and alkalies have been used in adhesives, and
make noclaim thereto. Also casein and seedmealshave been used with alkali. But, as
I have clearly demonstrated by actual tests, there is an unexpected coaction between the constituents of this compound glue. To illustrate this, I cite an experiment made with the identical mixture of Example 1, above, but omitting the casein and peanut meal. The glue could be mixed exactly in accordance with that example. However within a few minutes afterthe completion of the mixing, the glue became so thick as tobe no longer spreadable by an ordinary glue spreading machine. With the casein and '6 peanut meal added, as per Example 1, the
glue was spreadable upon the glue machine or about two hours.
Stated otherwise, the glue made from blood albumin, sawdust, lime, sodium silicate and water would be impractical since it has a life of only a few minutes, whereas when the casein and peanut meal are added, the life is about two hours. This first would be impractical for use on a spreading maclhine, whereas the later would be practica With the glues prepared as per Examples 2 and 3, above, the life will vary between 1.5 and 3 hours, more or less, depending on proportions, etc. With Example 4, a still thinner glue is formed, suitable for some types of plywood, which does not thicken for a longer time than the other examples above.
Obviously other combinations of these ingredients may be made and varying proportions employed depending upon the type of wood that is to be glued and other features well known in the art of the gluing of wood.
In the above formulas, I can use other alkaline salts of alkali metals (say sodium carbonate, di-sodium phosphate, etc.) in place of the tri-sodium phosphate. In using caustic soda, this will ordinarily be added to the Water used in making up the liquid glue, or it can be added with the lime. The lime and sodium salts would seem to react on mixing with water.
The sawdust used can be hardwood or softwood sawdust, preferably ground to pass a 40 mesh screen, or finer. It might be as fine as the seedmeal or flour, or finer. Equivalent materials such as corn cobs, chaff from grain, hulls from seeds, ground peanut shells, or the like, can be substituted. Sawdust and equivalent material will hereinafter be included in the term cellulosic material. I
For securing the strongest joints I prefer to use some casein at least in, the formula. Even a small amount improves the product somewhat. Where very soft woods are employed and only relatively waterproof results For instance the blood albumin, casein, and
seed-meal, with or without sawdust, could be made and sold by the glue manufacturer,
with instructions on the package as to addingthe other components, to be added by theuser. Likewise the casein and seed-meal,
with or without the dry lime hydrate and sodium salts and/or blood albumin, could be sold by the glue manufacturer, all as well known in the dry glue industry.
It will be understood that glues of this type are generally sold in the dry state, and only mixed with water to form the liquid glue at the time of use or a few hours, at the most,before use.
The method of applying the glues illustratively given in the above examples is the same as when applying any other glue, as by means of glue rolls or by spreading the glue on the Wood with a brush or by any other desired manner, putting the glued panels in the hydraulic press between the heated platens, applying desired pressure and temperature for a period usually not exceeding 5 minutes, then the panels may be removed, stacked for drying for a few days if desired when they are ready to be used as required.
By following this disclosure I have been able to secure glued wood of a veneer panel type which has shown dry strengths on the Riehle testing machine, (which is a standard testing machine for testing plywood strengths) of as high as 430 pounds per square'inch for the dry strengths and samples of this type of glued wood when soaked in water for 48 hours show no separation even at the edges of the specimen samples and have shown as high as 270 pounds wet strength per square inch after this 48 hour soaking period.
l/Vhile I have particularly described the application of the glue of this invention in the hot plate process, in which the present glue 1s very suitable, it is to be understood that the glue described is not limitedto use in this process.
I claim i ,y
1. A glue base comprising as its essential constituents blood albumin, seed-meal rich in protein, and casein, which base upon m1xing with water, alkali and an alkaline earth can produce a glue suitable for making waterproof plywood.
2. A glue base comprising blood albumin, seed-meal rich in protein, and casein, and cellulosic material, which base upon mixing with water, alkali and an alkaline earth can produce a glue suitable for making water-. proof plywood.
3. A glue comprising as its essential constituents the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, alkali and water, such glue being substantially free from added rubber and from formaldehyde material.
4. A glue comprising as its essential constituents the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, casein, lime, alkali and water.
5. A glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, cellulosic material, alkali and water,
such glue being free from rubber and from formaldehyde and itscompounds.
greater than any one of said named ma-.
terials, alkali and water.
8. A glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, casein, lime, alkali and water, and a comminuted cellulosic material constituting the largest solid ingredient.
9. A glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, casein, lime, alkali and water, said glue having a life several times greater than the life of a glue with the corresponding proportion of blood albumin, lime and alkali, but without the casein and seed meal added.
10. A glue comprising the reaction products of blood albumin, seed-meal of high protein content, cellulosic material, said cellulosic material being in amount greater than any of said mentioned material, alkali and water.
11. A glue base comprising 90 parts of dried blood albumin, 15 to 30 parts of dried milk casein, 30 to 45 parts of highly proteinaceous seed meal and about parts of fine com-
Priority Applications (1)
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US394925A US1892486A (en) | 1929-09-24 | 1929-09-24 | Glue and method for making plywood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US394925A US1892486A (en) | 1929-09-24 | 1929-09-24 | Glue and method for making plywood |
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US1892486A true US1892486A (en) | 1932-12-27 |
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US394925A Expired - Lifetime US1892486A (en) | 1929-09-24 | 1929-09-24 | Glue and method for making plywood |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2595257A (en) * | 1948-07-13 | 1952-05-06 | Weyerhaeuser Timber Co | Protein adhesive composition |
US2702754A (en) * | 1950-03-21 | 1955-02-22 | Tata Oil Mills Company Ltd | Protein, ligno-cellulose-fatty-oil resin |
US5593625A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-01-14 | Phenix Biocomposites, Inc. | Biocomposite material and method of making |
US5611882A (en) * | 1993-08-11 | 1997-03-18 | Phenix Biocomposites, Inc. | Board stock and method of manufacture from recycled paper |
US10745601B2 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2020-08-18 | Evertree | Protein-containing emulsions and adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
US10913880B2 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2021-02-09 | Evertree | Protein-containing adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
US11028298B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2021-06-08 | Evertree | Protein-containing adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
US11072731B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2021-07-27 | Evertree | Protein-containing adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
-
1929
- 1929-09-24 US US394925A patent/US1892486A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2595257A (en) * | 1948-07-13 | 1952-05-06 | Weyerhaeuser Timber Co | Protein adhesive composition |
US2702754A (en) * | 1950-03-21 | 1955-02-22 | Tata Oil Mills Company Ltd | Protein, ligno-cellulose-fatty-oil resin |
US5593625A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-01-14 | Phenix Biocomposites, Inc. | Biocomposite material and method of making |
US5635123A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1997-06-03 | Phenix Biocomposites, Inc. | Biocomposite material and method of making |
US5611882A (en) * | 1993-08-11 | 1997-03-18 | Phenix Biocomposites, Inc. | Board stock and method of manufacture from recycled paper |
US10745601B2 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2020-08-18 | Evertree | Protein-containing emulsions and adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
US10913880B2 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2021-02-09 | Evertree | Protein-containing adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
US11028298B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2021-06-08 | Evertree | Protein-containing adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
US11072731B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2021-07-27 | Evertree | Protein-containing adhesives, and manufacture and use thereof |
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