US1890678A - Valve - Google Patents

Description

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D, D. GOLDBERG VALVE 4 Sheetssheet 4 Filed June 2]., 1928 n Hm? Patented Dec. 13, 1932 PATENT orrlclsl DAVID D. GOLDBERG, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS VALVE Application filed June 21,

My present invention relates to valves and their operating means and concerns more particularly, but not necessarily exclusively, certain features ofbetterment in comparatively large, power-operated valves, such as are used in the piping systems supplying communities with water.

To enable those skilled in this art to have a full and complete understanding of the lo invention, both from structural and functional standpoints, in theA accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspeciiica-- tion, I have illustrated a present, preferred embodiment of the invention, and, forl sim- 15 plicity, like parts of the mechanism have been y designated by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation of the appliance 2n with the power cylinder and piston shown in section;

- Figure 2 is l a central, vertical section through the main-valve;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line 3 3 of Figure 2; Figure 4 is an elevation of the valve at right-angles to the View shown in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a vertical section through the control-valve mechanism;

Figure 6 is a vertical section on line 6-6 of Figure 5; i

Figure 7 is a horizontal fragmentary sectioi through the center of the control-valve; an

Figure 8 is a perspective View of the coneplug of the valve.

Referring to these drawings, it will be observed that the main-valve comprises a casing or housing 11 adapted to be connected to the piping system in the usual way, such casing having a conical valve-seat 12 fitted with suitable wear-resisting or sealing-rings'l, 13.

The conical valve 14 is equipped with complementary rings 15, 15, it has a central passage 16 therethrough adapted to connect the inlet and outlet of the casing or to be turned crosswise such conduit to close the valve, and it is fitted with a trunnion 17 adapted to turn and slide in a bearing 18, the stem 19 of the valve being similarly mounted in a .bearing Bussum 21 in the valve-casing cover 20 and fitted with a stuffing-box 22 to prevent leakage around the stem. l

The cooperating wear-resisting or sealingrings 13 and 15 are more or less of elliptical 55 shape and are relatively narrow, in fact their, shape more nearly approximates the intersection of a cylinder and a cone.

The outwardly, projecting part 23 of the valve stem is screw-threaded and it fits in and cooperates with the internal right-hand threads of a nut or. threaded sleeve 2l, the external left-hand .threads of which coact with the internal threads of a stationarymember 25 mounted on the valve-casing in .65 any approved manner.

Valve-stem 19-23 at its end has a slotted 1928. Serial No. 287,141.

arm 26 fixed thereon so that rocking of the arm will cause a corresponding actuation of the valve-stem and valve; the slot comprising. an outer portion 27 and an inner portion 28 arranged radially to the axis of the valve, the two sections -of the slot being disposed at a distinct angle to one another, as illustrated.

Such slot accommodates a roller 29 carried b a bifurcated cross-head l'slidable in parailel guideu'ays 32, 32, by a piston-rod 3S on which it is mounted, the cross-head carrying a second roller 34 occupying, in the present 30 instance, a straight,` radially-disposed slot 35 in an arm4 36 forming part of the doublethreaded sleeve or nut 24, although such slot need not necessarily be straight.

As is fully shown, the piston-rod I is equipped with a power-piston 37 slidable in a power-cylinder 38. -Assuming that the valve is closed with the part-s as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the slot` Hsection 27 being then vparallel to the straight Q it is capable of rotation without frictionaly Contact with such tapered seat.

Continued upward travel of the cross-head and its rollers rotates the nut forty-five degrees further, though less rapidly because the roller .is then moving in that part of slot 35 more remote from the axis of the valve.

At the beginning of such further travel of the cross-head, the roller 29 will .be at the bend of its compound slot 27, 28,v so that asroller 29 continues its upward travel, arm 26 will be swung ninety degrees in a clockwise direction, turning the valve in like degree in the same direction to its full open position.

During such simultaneous turning of the two arms 36 and 26, the former has an an ular velocity less than thatl of the arm 26, e-

cause in the one case, the roller 34 is moving in the outer part of the slot 35, whereas the roller 29 is traveling at the same time in the inner portion of its slot 28 with a decreasing leverage on the valve in accordance with the lessening work of opening the valve.

In the particular embodiment of the invention presented, the arm 36 turns thirtyj degrees to back the valve away from its taperedseat by reason of the double thread connection of the nut 24, during which operation arm 26 does not move, because, for the time of that period, its roller is traveling directly upwardly in the then vertically disposed part 27 of its slot. f

Immediately thereafter, while the arm 36 swings up an additional forty-five degrees,

the other arm 26 makes its complete swing of ninety degrees.

During such conjoint or combined upward movement of the two arms, Ithe turning of.k

arm 36 tends to shift thevalve still further lfrom its seat and the swinging of arm 26 serves-to feed it toward its seat, the actual result being that at the termination of such simultaneous turning of the arms, the valve,

with relation to its distance from its seat, is

practically where it was at the institution of` such conjoint arm movements.

Whenthe piston and cross-head descends, the reverse of the stated'` actions occurs and the valve is closed by first turning ninety degrees through an increasing leverage in conformity with the progressivelygreater work to be done to bring its passage out of register with the valve-casing openings and then moving bodily inwardly on to its tapered seat.

Referring now to the means for actuating or reciprocating the power-piston 37 in its cylinder, it will be observed that the vlower end of the latter, below the iston, is joined by a pipe 39 to a chamber l in the side of a control-valve, characterized 42 as a whole, the upper end of the cylinder being similarly connected by a pipe 43 to a chamber 44 in the top part of such control-valve.

Another side chamber 45 in the controlvalve is united by a pipe 46 to a pipe connection 47 in communication with the inside of the main-valve casing 11 at opposite sides of the valve, so that there is always certainty of water or other liquid under pressure to actuate the valve-operating mechanism.

. The control-valve has a lower compartment 48 supplied with a delivery-pipe 49 connected to the sewer or other appropriate drain means.

As is shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7', the several specified chambers in the control-valve are directly connected by suitable passages to a corresponding number of circular cavities constituting ports cooperating with a sliding valve 51 mounted on avreciprocatory valvestem 52 slida'ble in bearings 53, 54 in the control-valve casing or housing 55.

More specifically, chamber 41 is connected to the port or annular cavity 56, 45 to 57, 44 to 58 and 48 to 59.

An enlargement 61 ofthe housing 55 forms a compartment 62 which accommodates a double, flexible diaphragm 63, the margin or border of which is clamped between separable parts of the casing 61, the central section of the diaphragm being stiifened against flexure by discs 64, 65, and 66 secured together through apertures in the diaphragm and the middle disc, the middle section of such united diaphragm and discs bein directly connected at 67 to that portion o the valve-stem 52 which` protrudes into the space 62.

A coiled spring 68 in compartment 62 presses against the inner surface of the housing 61 and'against that face of the duplex diaphragm remote from the control-valve 51 and tends to shift the'latter to its right-hand position, as the mechanism is viewed in Figure 5, and, in addition, a hand-operating screw 69, equipped with anaccessible, external hand-wheel 71,.extends through the compartment wall 6l and is capable of engaging the diaphragm and manually shifting the valve to the same designated position. L

When the diaphragm is flexed to position i valve 51 in its right-hand location, the water under pressure enters the lvalve-casing through pipes 47 and 46 `and flows from chamber 45 through port 57 and valve 51 into port 58 and out through chamber 44 and pipe 43 into the upper part of the powercylinder 88 where it will force the piston down to close the main-valve, but, in order that the piston may so move, the water below it must freely escape and this occurs through the connected passages 39, 41, 56, 48 and 49, finding its way to the sewer or other drain.

@n the other hand, when the diaphragm is bowed in the opposite direction and carries -power operation of the main, conical valve,

but the latter may be brought to closed position, yet not to open position, by turning in the screw 69 by its hand-wheel 71, thus compelling the diaphragm to flex to the right.

ln order that the control-valve maybe operated automatically by a pitomet'er associated with the water-piping system in which the Vmain-valve is employed, that portion 72 of chamber 62 on one side of the diaphragm is connected by a pipe 73 to a .Pitot tube 74 in the valve-casing at one side of the mainvalve 14, and, in similar manner, that part 75 of chamber 62 on the opposite side of the diaphragm is connected by a pipe 76 to a second Pitot tube 77 in the valve-casing on the opposite side ofl the main-valve, the two Pitot tubes facing in opposite directions in accordance with the usual practice.

Such main-valve may be either closed or open with the water flowing through it in either one or the other direction, or just stopping to reverse, and, whatever the condition' of the water may be, it will affect the Pitot tubes accordingly.

Assuming that a pump, not shown, which forces the water through the main-valve is stopped, soith'at the pumping action is substantially reduced or ended, with corresponding change of water velocity through the valve, such modification of water travel would aect the Pitot tubes and change the pressure of the Water on 'the two sides of the diaphragm. v

Since the position of the control-valve is determined by the difference of pressure on the two sides of the diaphragm, when the velocity of the water passing through the main-valve changes as above-specified, the

-di'erence in pressure changes, and, if this is adequate in amount, the diaphragm will flex in the opposite direction and shift the control-valve to cause the closurel of the mainvalve.

ln a general way, the main-valve would not start. to close until the flow of water through it had reversed and the closing of the valve would tend to produce an objectionable water-hammer, and, it is, therefore, desirable to so construct and arrange the controlvalve mechanismthat it will close the mainvalve before the direction of water-flow therethrough reverses, the ideal point or condition being to close the valve just when the water flow is stopping preliminary to reversal and thus eliminate Water-hammer.

This result is accomplished by reason of the unbalanced total liquid pressures on the f two sides of the diaphragm, even though the liquid pressures on its two sides are the same per unit area, because the cross-sectional area of the rod 52 is deducted from the area of one side of the diaphragm.

-Hence, with equal unit pressures on the two sdes of the diaphragm, such as would occur if the main cone valve were open and the water therein quiescent, the diaphragm would be flexed to the right, as shown in Figure 5, and would cause the closing of thev main valve.

rlhis normal pressure unbalance of the diaphragm is desirably augmented by the employment of spring 68. y

lt is not essential that the spring be employed for this purpose, but in order to standardze the structures and not vary the diameter'of the valve rod 52, the spring is used to compensate for the lack or absence of suflicient cross-sectional area of such rod, to accomplish the desired object.

l/Vhile it is true that, in order to have the least amount of water-hammer, there should be no reversal of flow in the pipe line, and, even though the valve functions comparatively quickly, there is an element of time consumed in its clos' ng action, and, accordingly, in order that the valve may be completely closed before any reversal occurs, thc mechanism is so constructed that the valve closing is initiated at a predetermined for- Ward velocity of the water, and, by installing .a spring G8 of the required capacity, the desired result is easily accomplished.

Should the pump be start-ed again, the pressure on the inlet side Pitot tube will gradually increase while the pressure in the companion Pitot tube would not be modified, and

' hence the difference in pressures on the two `the readiness or capacity of the valve to close automatically at any moment in case of emergency.

This result may be accomplished by the hand-operated screw 69 which is capable of forcing the control-valve to main-valve closing position in spite of the liquid pressures on opposite'sides of the diaphragm.

A. feature of construction which in somo installations is desirable or of importance,

30 tibnonly while the valve is closed.

comprises means to cushion the descent of the power-piston in its cylinder and its associated movable elements and also to seal the top of the cylinder by the piston itself when at its topmost limit of movement.

Accordingly, the piston 37 may be formed to provide a'short, smaller, supplemental piston 137 adapted when the main piston is almost at its lowest position to enter a short, ,o open-ended, secondary cylinder 237 formed as a part of the lower cylinder-head.

As the piston descends a small amount'of water is trapped in such auxiliary cylinder and acts as a cushion, the waterl gradually squeezing or leaking out to give the operation `of the structure the needed cushioning ei'ect. When the piston reaches its upper limit of travel it engages the inwardly-overhanging flange of the top cylinder-head 143 and thus seals the water therein'and, in large meausre, prevents its gradual'escape past the piston. y Owing to the fact that the conical plug 14 during the opening of lthe lvalve moves first axially and then turns and in closing turns and then travels axially, there is no substantial wear on the rings 13 and 15, because there is no relative rotation between them. Further they perfor-m their effective sealing acalves of this general type when in vclosed condition "tend to stick or adhere to their seats and this *tendency is more or less proportional to the area of their contacting surfaces. The opera- 43l? tion of the new valve is such that it permits the employment of narrow sealing-rings and hence this objectionable tendency is largely reduced.

Those acquainted with this art will readily 40 understand, that, the invention, as defined by the appended claims, is not limited`and restricted to the preciseand exactdetails of structure presented and that many more or f less radical mechanical changes may be incorporated in the structure without. depar:`

ture from the heart and essence -of the invention and without the loss or sacrifice of any of its material-or substantial benefits and advantages. "J I claim:

' 1. 4In a valve-structure, the combinationof.

a valve-casing having a valve-seat, a valve Cooperating with said valve-seat and Ymounted in said casin `with capacity forI bodily movement towar and from said seat-,fand for turning 'on its o wn axis to open and close .the

valve,"a screwfthreaded stem 'for saidvvalve, a

'.stationary screw-threaded member, a doublev threaded nut having screw-threads cooperating with those of said stem and those of said member, and power means'to turn said nut to retract said valve from said valvefseat and to turn said valve-stem-to rotate said valve ""W' ""-a'ter' such retraction.

2. Ina valve-structureV t 'e combination of a valve-casing having a valve-seat, a valve cooperating with said valve-seat and mounted in said casing with capacity for bodily movement toward and from said seat and for turning on its own axis to open and close the valve, a screw-threaded stem for said valve, a stationary screw-threaded member, a double-threaded nut having screw-threads cooperating with those of said stem and those of said member, and power means to turn said nut alone to retract said valve from its valveseat and subsequently to turn said valve-stem to rotate said valve during continued turning of said nut.

3. In a valve-structure, the combination of a valve-casing having a valve-seat, a valve cooperating withsaid valve-seat and mounted in said Casing with capacity for bodily movement toward and from said seat and for turning on its own axis to openand close the valve, a screw-threaded stem for said valve, a stationary screw-threaded member,

a double-threaded nut having screw-threads cooperating with those of said stem and those of said member, a slotted arm connected to said vnut by which the latter maybe turned to retract said valve fromits seat, a slotted arm connected to said valve-stem by which said valve may be rotated through said valvestem, and power actuated means engaging in the slots of said arms to operate 'the latter.

4. In a\ valve-structure, the combination of a valve-casing having a valve-seat, a valve cooperating with said valve-seat and mounted in said casing with capacity for bodily piovement toward and from said seat and or turning on its own axis to open and close 'the valve, a screw-threaded stem for said the slots of said arms to rock the first arm `movable only in a straight line, and means connecting said power-operated means-and l said valve causing the latter during its opening movement to travel bodily away from said seat 'in a'straight line and then turnI and to reverse such movements during the closingqfthevalve. r

and close said passage, power-.operated means 6. The combination of a valve-casing having a passage therethrough and .a conical valve-seat, a cone valve in said casing cooperating with said seatA and` adapted to open and close said passage, power-operated means reverse such movements during the closingv of the valve, such straight line movements of said valve and power-operated means being at right angles to one another.

7. rlhe combination of a main-valve and its casing, power-cylinder means, power-piston means reclproca'tory 1n said cylinderv means, means connecting said piston means and main-valve whereby the movements of the ormer may open and close the latter, and a control-valve connected to a source of power and to said power-cylinder means, the initiation of the opening of said main-valve being effected solely by the static pressure of the fiuid in said valve-casing, the Vinauguration of the closing of said valve being controlled substantially solely by the velocity of the fluid in said valve-casing.

8. The combination of a main-valve and its casing, power-cylinder means, power-piston means reciprocatory in said cylinder means, means connecting said piston means and main-valve whereby the movements of the former open and close the latter, a control-valve connected to a source of power and to said power-cylinder means, a chambere'cl-member, movable means in said chamber dividing it into two compartments, means governing the action of said control-valve by said chamber-dividing nieans, vand tubes connected to said chamber on opposite sides ot said movable member and connected to said valve-casing on opposite sides ot said main-valve, the initiation of the opening of. said main-valve being effected solely by the static pressure oic the fluid in said valve-casing, the inauguration of the closing of said valve being controlled substantially solely by the velocity of the fluid in said valve-casing.

9. ln a valve-structure, the combination ot a valve-casing having a passage there-through anda conical valve-seat, a conical valve4 in said casing cooperating with said valve-seat and adapted to turn toopen and to closeA said passage, and means to operate said valve including. screw-threaded means, said' valve during its initial opening movement traveling axially only away from said valve-seat by reason of the valve-withdrawing action of said screw-threaded means, and then rotating, the valve during such rotation and by reason of the action of said screw-threaded means traveling further away from said valve-seat and then approaching said valve-seat, the

reverse' of said valve movements loccurring during the closing of the valve.

10. In a valve-structure, the combination of a valve-casing having a passage therethrough and a conical valve-seat, a ported a conical valve in said casing cooperating with said valve-seat and movable to open and to close said passage, and actuating-means acting, yduring the opening ot' the valve, to slide the valve initially bodily axially away from the valve-seat in a substantially-straight line through a varying leverage and then to turn the valve, and, during the closing of the valve, first to turn the valve and then through said varying leverage to slide the valve bodily axally in a substantially-straight line to said valvefseat.

1l. The structure presented in claim 10 in which said varying leverage increases during the' opening sliding of. the valve and decreases during the closing sliding of the valve. l

l2. The structure presented in claim l0 in which said actuating-means includes a varying leverage means through which the opening and closing turning movements of the valve are executed.

'13. The structure presented in claim 10 in which said varying leverage increases during the opening sliding of the valve and decreases during the closing sliding of the valve and in which said actuating-means includes a varying leverage means through which the opening and closing turning movements of the valve are executed.

14:. rlhe structure presented in claim 10 in which said actuating-means includes a leverage means -through which the opening and closing turning movements of the valve are executed and the leverage of which decreases during at least the major portion of such opening turning of the valve and 'increases durin'g at least the major portion of the closing turning of the valve.

15. The structure presented in claim l0 in which said varying leverage increases during the opening sliding of the valve and decreases during the closing sli-ding of the valve and in which said actuating-means includes a leverage means through which the opening and closing turning movements of the valve are executed and the leverage of which decreases during at least the major portion of the openand then to turn the valve through a varying leverage and acting, during theA closing of the valve, first to turn the valve through with such varying leverage and then to slide the valve bodily axially to the valve-seat in a substantially-straight line.

17. In a valve-structure, the combination of a valve-casing having a passage therethrough and a'conical valve-seat, a ported conicalA valve in said casing cooperating said valve-seat and movable to open and to close said passage, and actuating-means acting, during the opening Gal of the valve, to slide the valve initial ly bodily axially away from the 'valveseat in a substantially-straight line and then to turn the valve through a leverage decreasing dnring at least the major portion of the opening turningof the valve and acting, during the closing of the valve, first to turn the valve through said leverage which increases during at least the major portion of the closing turning of the valve, and then to slide the valve bodily axially to the valve-statin a substantially-straight line.

18. The structure presented in claim in which said actuating-means while effecting the opening and closing turning movements of the valve also moves the valve axially.

19. The structure presented in claim 16 in which saidactuating-means while effecting the opening and closing turning movements ofthe valve also moves the valve axially.

' of a valve-casing having a passage therethrough and a conical valve-seat, a ported conical valve in said casin cooperating with said valve-seat and mova lel to open and to close said passage, operating-means, means connected to said operating-means to slide said valve bodily axially toward and from said' seat and acting during the opening of the valve to nnseat the valve and then partially reseat it, and means connected to said said valve, and means between and connectin said power-operated means and said va ve to move the latter during its opening 1 movement first solely axially directly away from said valve-seat in a substantiallystraight line and then to turn the valve, and during the closing movement of said valve first to turn the valve and then move it solely axially directly to said valve-seat in a substantially-straight line.

24. In a valve-structure, the 'combination of a valve-casing having a passage therethrough and a conical valve-seat, a ported` conical valve in said casing cooperating with said valve-seat and movable toopen and to close said passage, operating-means, means connected to and actuated by said operatingmeansy to initially'unseat said valve during the openin of the valve by sliding the valve bodily axia ly away from said valveseat,"and` means connected to and actuated by said operating-means and acting during the opening of the valve-to lock the valve against rotation during such initial unseatin and then to turn the valve, the reverse o such action occurring during the closing of the valve.

25. In a valve-structure, `the combination of a valve-casing having a -passage therethrough and a conicalf valve-seat, a ported conical valve in said casing cooperatin'with said valveseat andmovable to open an close said passage, operating means, and means connecting saoid operating means to said valve, said connecting means during the opening of said valve sliding the valve bodily axially away from said valve-seat in a substantially-straight line and then rotating the,

ico

valve through a leverage decreasing during yat least the major portion of such rotation, 4each successive increment of movement of said operating means increasing the area of aperture of the valve opening in substantial proportion to the decrease of leverage in the connecting-means, the reverse of such action voccurring during the closing of the valve'.

In witness-whereof I have hereunto set my4 hand.

DAviD D. GOLDBERG;

operating-means to rotate said valve, after* its initial unseati ,during the continuance 9f its unseating an during its partial reseating, the reverse of such action occurring during the closing of the valve. r

23. In a valve-structure, the combination of a valve-casing having 4a passage therethrough and a conical valve-seat, a conical valve in said casing cooperating with said valve-seat and adapted 4to o enfand to close 'said-passage, ower-operate means movable in a straight ine at an angle to theaxis of v lII-Ia

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