US1884481A - Superheater header - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 25, 1932. B. WOYNAROWSK! SUPERHEATER HEADER Filed March 14, 1951 2 Sheets-Shee l INVENTOR I i-l w ynardv JKL BY ATTORNEY Oct. 25, 1932. B. WOYNAROWSKI 1,884,481

SUPERHEATER HEADER Filed March 14, 1931 2 Sheets-Shee 2 INVENTOR Bu l! Woynarowski ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 25, 1932 UNITED STATES PATET rains BAZIL' WOYNAROWSKI, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE SUPERHEATER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SUPERHEATER HEADER k. Application filed March 14, 1931. Serial No. 522,600.

My invention relates to header pipes and aims to provide a desi n for such pipes well adapted for long spans between .supports.

I In superheater and like installations it is as common practice to run header pipes for superheaters from one side wall to the other of the boiler setting and to support the headers at their ends. When the boiler setting has I more than a given. width, however, it has been necessary in addition to support the headers atone or more intermediate points. Such intermed'iate supports ordinarily involve considerable cost or trouble in one way or another.

In accordance with my invention, the intermediate supports for the headers are eliminated or'their cost much reduced by so designing the header itself as to increase its strength.

In order that my" invention may be clearly and readily understood, I will now describe in detail, in connection with the accompanying drawings, three individual headers forming as many illustrative embodiments of my invention; In said drawings,

Fig. 1 is an elevation of one form of my invention.

Figs. 2, 3 and 4: are sections on the lines 2-2, 3'3 and 4& of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an elevation illustrating a second form of my invention.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 aresectional views taken on the lines 66," 77 and 88 of Fig. 5.

' Fig; 9 is an elevational view illustrating a third form of my invention.

: Figs. 10 and 11 aresectional views taken on the lines 10'10 and 1111 of Fig. 9.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, I have il'lustratedtherein a header which will be understood to be supported at the ends in the usual manner. The end portions of header 20 have a uniform thicknessindicated at 22 and dictated primarily by the pressure of thesteam for which the header isiintended. It is assumed, however, that header QOis of such length that it would require intermediate supports when in use if its wall were of the same cross-section throughout as its end portions. In order to '1 minimize or avoid the need for intermediate supports for the header 20, I have shown it as having a portion 24 extending between supports 25, 25 and having its walls thickened in proportion to the distance from a support to resist the large bending moments at points removed from the supports with out increasing the unit stresses. The wall of portion 24 is shown as of maximum thickness at the central section 26 of such portion is shown in detail in Fig. 3 and it will be seen also from this figure that shouldered sections 30 have the same wall thickness as the end portions of pipe 20 along their hottoms, but are considerably thicker than the end portions of 20 along their tops so that openings 28'1nay be placed therein, if desired. This results in the exteriors oi shoulders 30 being eccentic with respect to the exteriors of such end portions.

In Fig. 5 I have illustrated a header 2066 whose central portion 24a is also tapered in each direction from its central section illus trated in Fig. 8, the form of header differing, however, from that illustrated inFi 1 in that the top longitudinal element of the portion 24a lying in the central vertical plane of 20a. is straight, as appears clearly in Fig.

The cylindrical shouldered sections employed, however, in the arrangement shown in 5 are identical with those in Fig. 1. It will be noted that in both pipe 20 and pipe 200; the sections 30 are eccentric to the-opening through the pipes, as is clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 7. p The connections for the tubular superheating elements are, as indicated, along the line of uniform thickness.

The portion 24 of header illustrated in Fig. 1 can be readily turned in a lathe, but has the drawback that the apertures for pipe connections must be cut through a great thickness of metal. This drawback is obviated in the form illustrated in Fig. 5, but such form is difiicult to machine owing to the fact that one longitudinal element of its surface is parallel to the axis while all other elements are inclined to the axis.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 is free of both the objections just mentioned.

In the header illustrated in Fig. 9, the header 20b has its end portions identical with those of headers 20 and 20a and has also the shoulders 30 having a form identical with those of said pipes, but the portion 24b of 20b is formed of a succession of cylindrical sections of differing sizes, all, however, having a common longitudinal element along their tops so that the entire top of the portion 24b is a straight line similar to the top of ortion 24a of header 20a, Fig. 5. The mid section 26b of pipe 20?) is illustrated in Fig. 11 and has the maximum diameter of any section of portion 24?). On each side of section 26?) is a cylindrical section 32 the top of which is in alignment with that of section 261) but whose outside diameter is somewhat less than that of 265. Similarly the successive small sections of the portion 24?) have an external cylindrical form of progressively decreasing diameter eccentric to the opening through the pipe 201), but having uniform thickness of wall at their tops so that their bottoms form a series of steps extending from the mid-section 26b to the end sections 30 as clearly illustrated in Figs. 9, 10 and 11. It will be seen that the various sections 26?), 32, etc. of the portion 246 can be readily turned in a lathe, although the centre of rotation of the pipe needs to be varied in turning each successive section. The form shown in Fig. 9 approximates that shown in Fi 5, but is composed of a number of cylindrlcal portions each of which can be turned in a lathe.

It will be seen that a header in accordance with m invention has substantially uniform strength or unit stress throughout the portion between the supports so that the weight is kept down to nearly a minimum. It has been found also that considerable spans between supports may be negotiated without having to increase unduly the weight of the header. Assuming a distance between sup ports of twenty-seven feet and seven inches and wall thicknesses the same throughout the part of the header between supports and proportional to those shown in Fig. 3, the deection midway of the supports has been estimated as 0.768 inches, whereas with the form of header shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 the deflection at the centre for the same distance be tween supports is computed to be only 0.22 inches. The showing of the type shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and Sis even more favorable. In

this case, the deflection mid-way between supports for a span of 27 ft. 7 in. is computed to be 0.21 inches while the weight of material is less than that of the header of Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4. The form of header shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 cannot have exactly uniform strength, but it approximates this result closely enough for practical purposes. It will be understood, therefore, that while my invention permitsmaking headers of uniform strength that I do not limit my invention to this.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with horizontally spaced supports, of a header thereon having the wall of the portion intermediate said supports thickest at the point midway between the su ports and of rogressively decreasing thicliness toward t e supports, said header having apertures therein for permitting flow between the header and ipes to be connected thereto and arranged a on a line lying in the vertical plane determine by the central longitudinal axis of the header.

2. The combination as set forth in claim 1 and in which the thickness of the wall of the header tapers substantially uniformly toward the supports.

3. The combination with horizontally spaced supports, of a header thereon having the wall of the portion intermediate said supports thickest at the oint midway between the supports and of progressively decreasing thickness toward the supports, and having a single straight element along the top centre line of its external surface parallel to the axis of the header, said header having apertures therein for cooperating with pipesto be connected thereto and arranged along said straight element.

4. The combination with horizontally spaced supports, of a header thereon having the portion intermediate said supports composed of a series of sections of externally cylindrical outline having progressively smaller diameters on each side of the central section, said sections having a common external longitudinal element parallel to the axis of the header.

5. The combination as set forth in claim 1 and in which the wall thickness is so proportioned that the unit stresses in the metal are substantially uniform in the portion of the header between the supports.

6. The combination as set forth in claim 3 and in which the wall thickness is so pro portioned that the unit stresses in the metal are substantially uniform throughout the portion of the header between the su ports.

BAZIL WOYNAROW KI.

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