US1879832A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 27, 1932- A. H. THOMPSON BURNER Filed Aug. 15. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l BY I v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 114 TTORNEY.

Sept. 27, 1932- A. H. THOMPSON BURNER Filed Aug. 15, 1927 Patented Sept. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE mam) n. THOMPSON, or nos mamas, camroman.

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Application filed August 13, 1927. Serial No. 212,928.

This invention relates more particularly to an oil or gas burner adapted for use in connection with fire boxes or for domestic and industrial purposes.

5 An object of the invention is to rovide an improved oil or gas burner partlcularl adapted for use in connection with steam bo' ers', but which may also be used on furnaces and which is adapted for automatic regula-- 1o tors.

' Another objectis to provide-a single burner adapted to mix domestic gas or fueloil with air and which burner is of suflicient capacity for use with steam boilers.

A further object is to provide an oil or gas burner which will generate a maximum amount of heat in a minimum amount of time. The invention relates to the art of producing from omestic or producer gas or from fuel oil a flame of high heat value particularly adaptable for domestic or industrial.

uses.

An object is to provide a novel gas or oil burner adapted to produce a torch or blast flame from domestic gas or fuel oil introduced under low or high pressures.

An object is to provide a novel burner that may be easily and quickly adjusted to various fuel and air pressures to thereby obtain maximum efliciency and a-m'aximum heat from a minimum of fuel. 7

Another object is to provide a novel burner of the above character in which the parts are easily accessible for adjustment, inspection and repair.

The invention is broadly new, basic and pioneer inthat the flame obtained from a mixture of fuel and atmospheric air and air under pressure may be regulated to a blue flame and the intensity of the flame'may be regulated to produce a maximum heat from a predetermined fuel and air pressure.

A further object is to provide a novel burn er in which the fuel is supplied and properly 5 prepared as a combustible within a burner bowl and without spraying such fuel onto an object, and without likelihood of the flame being extinguished or blown out.

A still further object is to provide a novel gas or oil burner that will not be subjected "ing drawings, the subjoined to the intense heat of the 'fire box with which it is associated to thereby maintain the burner in a cool condition.

Other objects, advantages, and features of invention may appear from the accompanydetail description and the appended claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the iigvl'ention in a form I deem at present prefera e.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a burner con structed in accordance with my invention, showing the air holes at the rear of the burner extension closed by itsadjusti-ng collar. I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the burner taken on line :02 Fig. 1, showing the air holes in open positlon, and a portion of the gravity feed pipe more or less fragmentally and diagrammatically illuswhich the various parts of the burner to be described are mounted and the purpose of which will be more fully hereinafter described.

A cylindrical fire box housing 3 is mounted horizontally upon the base 1 a short distance above the same on legs 4 which are secured to the base by bolts 5, the outlet end 6 of said. fire box housing extending a short distance over one end of said base plate. The inlet end of the fire box housing 3 is closed by a head 7 in which is provided an air inlet valve 8.

A burner bowl 9 is mounted within the housing 3 about midway upon spaced webs 1O upstanding from the housing 3 between the ends of the housing. One end 11 of said bowl being contracted and adjustably mounted on an axially arranged stationary extension member 12 which extends into one end of the housing 3 through the air valve 8 and head 7 and also extends from the head 7 on the outside thereof. The outlet end 13 of the cup 9 is open and such open end may be adjusted relative to the other parts .of the burner as will more fully hereinafter dein a recess 18 in the head 7 and is'secured to.

the head within said recess by any suitable means, such as rivets or screws 19 whereby said disk 14 is held stationary, said disk14 being provided with a central opening 20 through which the stationary member 12 extends. The disk 15 has a central opening 21 through which member 12 extends and on which member the disk is rotatably mounted against the outer side of the stationary disk 14. Set screws 22 extend through slots 23 in the rotary disk 15 and are seated in the stationary disk 14 for engaging and securing the disk 15 in various positions, whereby the disk openings17 may be adjusted in registration with the disk openings 16 or to varying degrees out of registration therewith as illustrated in Figs. 2 and ,3 for regulating the intake of air through said open ngs. The housing 3 is made in two sections, a lower section 24 and an upper section 25. The lower section 24 is formed with external flanges 26 along its upper edges while the upper section 25 is formed with external flanges 27 which rest upon the flanges 26 and the flanges 26 and 27 are detaehably bolted together by bolts 28 and nuts 29. The outlet end 6 of the housing 3 has an end wall 30 extending upwardly from its lower wall and an outlet opening 31, the lower edge of which is determined by the upper edge of the wall 30.. A web 32 extends upwardly from the lower wall of the lower section 24 of the housing 3 near the outlet end wall 30 but is only about half the height of the wall 30. A web 33 extends upwardly from the lower wall of the housing 3 near the inlet end of the housing, said web being of less height than the wall 30. A' drain pipe 34 leads from the bottom of the housing from a point between the web 33 and the head 7 at the inlet end of said housing. The height of the web 33 is such that oil accumulated in the bottom of the housing will overflow said web and drain out through the drain pipe 34 without draining. or flowing into the. fire box of a boiler (not shown) and with which the burner 1 is associated, thereby preventing accumulation of fuel in the fire box of the boiler. Housing 3 is provided in its upper section 25 at one end with an air inlet opening 35 which is controlled by aslide door 36 and is also provided with an air inlet opening 37 near its other end, which opening is controlled by a slide door 38.

The burner bowl 9 is provided with a plurality of spaced annular internal ribs 39 and a section 41 of the upper wall of the bowl is is fitted the section 41 that serves as a cap to close the openin 40. The inner surface of the cap correspon d the bowl and is formed with ribs 42 that correspond to the ribs 39. Flanges a on section 41 serve to retain the same in place and said section fits loosely in the opening, thereby permitting expansion and contraction of the burner bowl.

A member 46 is snugly fitted within and is slidably mounted within and extends,

through the stationary member 12 from end to end thereof. A. set screw 47 is threaded into the reduced end 11 of burner bowl 9 and engages the" stationary member tosecure the bowl 9 in longitudinally adjusted position upon member 12 and in the housing 3. The member 12 is provided with an angular extension 45 thereof that forms a passageway 45 that opens from the stationary member 12 and is connected to the outlet 51 of a standard blower 52, thus providing means to introduce air under pressure to the inside of member 12. A gate or slide valve 49 controls the flow of air through'passageway 45 from blower 52. v The member 46 is provided with three elongated slots or ports 53, 54 and 55; the port 53 being as wide as the diameter of passageway 45 and in communication therewith to permit flow of air from blower 52 to enter the inside of member 12 and flow therethrough. In the inner end of member 46 is slidably mounted a fuel jet 56 that is provided with an outwardly diverging conical bore 57, the diameter of the outer end of said bore being almost as large as the internal diameter of member 46. The fuel jet 56 is formed on its outer surface with spiral webs 58 which engage the inner surface of member 46 while the innerends of said webs are notched at 59 to be rigidly received in the outer rabbeted end 60 of a sleeve 61 that is slidably mounted on the inside of said member 46, or saidjet 56 and sleeve 61 may be made of one piece. A set screw 62, mounted in the outer end of extension member 12, fixes the member 46 in adjusted position in the outer or encircling member '12.

The outer end of the inner and slidable or adjustable member 46 is formed with an external annular fiange 63 and is closed by a cap member 64 that-has an external flange 64 which engages the flange 63 and has a tubular extension 65 which is fixed within the outer end of the inner slidable member 46. The extension 65 and member 46 are provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced air inlet ports 66 and 67 which register with each other. The closed end of the cap 64 is provided with a sight opening 68 covered with a lass panel 69 through which the flame in the urner bowl may be observed.

s to the inner surface ofto the fuel jet 56. A collar 72 adjustahly.

secured on pipe 71 forms a stop to limit the inward movement of jet 56 relative to its support in member 46, and which inward movement may be cause by manual adjustment or .by the force of the air flow through the burner. An adjustable ring valve 73 surrounds the outer end of the inner stationary member 46 and is rovided with a pluralit of air inlet ports 74 that correspond to an are adapted to be moved in registration with the ports 67 and 66. The valve 73 may be rotated or moved longitudinally to partly uncover or to completely cover the air inlet ports 67 and 66, and said valve may be secured in adjusted position by a set screw 75 seated in valve 73 and which engages the inner member 46. A nozzle 76 is connected to the inner end of pipe 71 adjacent the rear end of fuel jet 56' for supplying fuel to the fuel jet 56.

The blower ,52 is. driven by motor 80 connected to a source of electrical energy, and the blower and motor are both mounted on base 1.

Three pipes 85, 86 and 87 are mounted in a bracket 88 secured on the angular. extension 45", and which pipes are connected to a fourth pipe or header 89. The pipe is connected to pipe 89 through a pilot or minimum burner control valve'90 and a regulated or adjusted valve 91 that is set to supply a sufficient amount of fuel for pilot purposes. The pipe 87 is connected to the pipe 89 through a maximum burner control valve 92 and a regulated or adjusted valve 93, that is set to afford maximum fuel supply to the burner. The pipe 86 is connected to the pipe 89 by a T connection interposed between the valves 90 and 91 and the valves 92 and 93. A fuel supply pipe 94 is connected to a fuel supply and to pipe 86 and is under control of a safety valve 96 which rests within the base 1 and is also under control of a shut off valve 95. A gravity feed pipe 99 under control of a valve 100' leads from the pipe 94 at a point adjacent to its connection with pipe 86 to a point directly over the air inlet opening 37 in the fire box housing 3. A connection leads from pipe 87 to the fuel inlet pipe 71 under control of an automatic regulator valve 103 and comprises a pipe 101 and a flexible hose 106 that permits adjustment of the fuel inlet pipe 71 within the extension 12.

The safety valve 96 is of standard construction and is provided with a balance control lever 109 on one end of which is a weight 110 while on the other end of which is a hook 111 engaging the handle 112 of a bucket 113 which hangs in an opening 114 in base 1 and in an opening 115 in .a table or support 116 on which the base 1 is-mounted. The opening 114 is surrounded by a flange 117 upstanding from the base 1. The drain pipe 34 extends over the flange 117 and is adapted to discharge into the bucket 113.. A drain pipe or nipple 118 that extends through flange 117 also is adapted to discharge into the bucket any fuel that may be accumulated on base 1.

In operation the burner housing 3, when used in conjunction with a boiler, is arranged so that the housing 3 is entirely outside of the boiler fire box and the outlet 31 is adapted to deliver the flame supported in the burner to the boilerfire bOXu This arrangement maintains the burner bowl in a moderately low temperature condition because the burner is thus not subject to the intense heat created in the fire box and is cooled by atmospheric draft conditions on the outside of the boiler and also from the natural or forced draft through the burner.

When the .device is used as a liquid fuel burner for fuel-such as, crude oil, kerosene, gasoline, distillate or the like the valve is opened and fuel is fed from a source of supply, not shown, through the normally open safety valve 96 and pipe 94, valve and pipe 99, with valves 90 and 92 closed, through the opening 37 until a sufficient quantity of.

fuel is accumulated in the lower part of housing 3. The fuel thus accumulated is ignited so as to heat the burner so that complete combustion of additional fuel may be maintained. In the event an excess quantity of fuel is admitted to the burner, it will flow over the Webs 10, 32 and 33 and then through drain pipe 34 into bucket 113 before flowing over web 30 into the fire box of the boiler because the webs 10, 32 and 33 are of a lesser height than web 30. When a predetermined amount of fuel is accumulated in bucket the counter Weight 110, the safety valve 96 will be caused to thereby shut off the fuel supply and thus prevent overflow of fuel into the burner fire box and thereby eliminate liklihood of drainage that may be caused by such overflow.

, I11 the event any leakage of fuel occurs from the pipes, valves or burners, the same will be directed by the edge wall 2 through nipple 118 into bucket 113 so as to shut off the fuel supply in the same manner as above before any damage is likely to occur. When the bucket 113 has accumulated sufficient fuel to close the safety valve 96, the nipple 118 and pipe 34 are removed .to permit the bucket to be emptied, after which the device is again ready for operation. 1

After the burner bowl has been sufliciently preheated to afford complete combustion of the fuel admitted thereto, fuel may be admitted to support a flame in the fire box housing by admitting such fuel by gravity through pipe 99 where it will fall into burner bowl 9 under control of valve 100 and a natural draft of air is admitted through air 113 to ofl'setv more fully hereinafter explained.

inlets 35 and 37 under control of the slide doors 36 and 38, or, if desired, through the adjusted air inlets 16, 17 and 66, 67, 74 or through both of said slide doors and inlets 16, 17 and 66, 67, 74.

By opening and closing the slide doors 36 and 38, the point of combustion in the fire box housing may be controlled and I have found that it is preferable to so adjust the slide door 36 that the flame will be supported at a point between ribs 10 directly underneath he burner bowl 9. The slide 36 controls the point of combustion in the rear of the lower portion of the fire box housing and the slide 38 controls the point of combustion in the front of the fire box housing which will be A flame may be supported in the burner bowl 9 by admitting fuel to the fuel jet 56 by gravity through fuel inlet pipe 71 and nozzle 7 6 under control of the valves 90, 91 and 92 and 93 and the automatic regulator valve 103 which may be a standard pressure regulated valve or a standard thermostat controlled valve. In this instance, the valve 91 is adjusted to a set position in which a minimum amount of fuel will be supplied therethrough to support a pilot light or supply a suflicient quantity of fuel to support a minimum flame. The valve 93 is adjusted to a set position in which a maximum amount of fuel is supplied to support the maximum flame that will burn in the device.

The valves 90 and 92 are opened and closed without disturbing the adjusted positions of valves 91 and 93 to permit flow of fuel to the burner or to close the same 01f. 4

When it is desired to start the burner w th the fuel supply under control of the automatic regulator valve103, the valves 90 and 92 are opened and fuel will then flow from nozzle 76 into fuel jet 56 and with the rear end of the burner elevated a slight distance, such fuel will then flow between the spiral webs 58 into bowl 9 where it is ignited to heat the'bowl after which the fuel is generated into a combustible gas that is ignited and the flame therefrom is supportedin the bowl 9 depending upon the ad usted relation of the forward edge of the bowl 9 and the amount of air supplied to the extension 12 through ports 66, 67, 74 and the amount of air supplied to the fire box through the openings 16, 17 and 37. The fuel jet 56 is adjusted inwardly from the outer edge of the burner bowl 9 a sufficient distance so that the flame is supported within the bowl and additional air that is mixed with the fuel vapors to support combustion and which enters the bowl 9 from its open end flows along the side walls thereof where it is successively broken up by the ribs 39 to afford complete combustion of the fuel;

After'a predetermined heat is created in he device with which the burner is associated, the valve 103 will be operated in the usual manner and the fuel supply from the main fuel supply pipe 94 throu h the pipe 87 and valves 92, 93 will be cut 0 under control of valve 103. and fuel will then flow uninterrupted from supply pipe 94 through pipe 86 and valve 90 and 91 which control the minimum flame that may besupported in the burner.

If it is desired to burn a reater amount of fuel, the ports 66 are pre erably closed by the ring valve 73 and the blower 52 may be operated to force air under pressure or air above atmospheric pressure into member 12 from which it flows with the fuel admitted from nozzle 76 through fuel jet 56, and in this connection fuel and air will flow around the fuel jet 56 where the spiral webs 58 will deflect such fuel and air against the hot walls of the burner bowl 9 to generate a gas that is combusted in the burner bowl and prevent the fuel and air from being forced directly out of the bowl 9 without being combusted. Such fuel and air as may pass through the frusto cone 57 will be combusted when it strikes the flame that is supported in bowl 9. By moving the fuel jet 56 forwardly from the member 46 in which it is mounted, the space'around the fuel jet and between the outer walls thereof and the inner walls of the member 46 is increased to decrease the intensity of the flame and thereby regulate the amount of air to fuel that is consumed. By moving the fuel jet rearwardly in member 46 to decrease the space between fuel jet 56 and member 46, the intensity of the flame is increased. The flow of air from the blower may be controlled by the gate valve 49.

Although I have described various manners or combinations of combusting the fuel and air admitted to my burner, I may use any two or more or all of said fuel and air admitted means (except when the blower is used, the ports 66 are preferably closed). By using two or more combinations of fuel burning arrangements, an extra amount of fuel may be burned.

In the event domestic or producer gas is i desired to be combusted in my burner, the diameter of the fuel supply pipe '71 is increased to supply gas in suflicient capacity for the maximum capacity of the burner, and the fuel is then combusted only within the burner bowl 9 and such as may be combusted in the outer or discharge end of the burner housing.

The burner bowl is axially adjustable so that the burner bowl may be placed in a position relative to the fuel jet 56 so that the proper combustion will be obtained and the flame will not be blown out, or so that the flame will be supported within the bowl.

The function of web 32 is the same as web 10, and if necessary, also serves as a support for the burner bowl 9 if such bowl is moved forwardly in the fire box a sufficient distance. The upper portion of bowl 9 is provided with opening and a removable closure 41 so as to prevent breakage of the burner bowl which might result from expansion and contraction of the'burner bowl if the same were .made in one piece, and also to provide for easy access to the member 56 and also to provide an opening to permit fuel from 99 to enter burner bowl-if desired when starting theburner in operation.

The purpose of gate49 is to control-the air from the fan 52. 3

The sleeve 46 is not intended to give complete air control; the slots 53, 54, and permit entrance of all the air into member 46 at all longitudinal regulations of the sleeve 46. Although it might be possible to provide the sleeve 46 to give complete air control, and perhaps such result could be accomplishedin this instance, nevertheless, the gate 49 has been shown to accomplish such result.

The slots 54 and 55 are provided in addition to the slot 53 in-order to supply a free air entrance into sleeve 46 from fan 52 in the event the sleeve 46 in assembling would be accidentally turned so that a portion of 53 would not be fully opened to the fan supply.

The purpose of sleeve 61 is to provide a guide and support for the fuel jet 56 in the sleeve 46.

I claim:

1. A gas or oil burner, a fire box housing provided with an air inlet and an outlet, a burner comprising a bowl within said housing, a fuel jet in said bowl, means for supplying fuel through said jet into said bowl, a portion of the wall of said bowl being cut away; and a cap fitting loosely within and closing said cut away portion.

2. A burner to burn combustible fuel comprising a fire box housing; a burner bowl within said housing; a fuel jet; means to supply fuel and airto said bowl through said jet; and means to supply air to said housing to support a flame within said housing and means to supply fuel to said housing.

3. A burner comprising a the box housing,

, having an air inlet and an outlet; a burner bowl within said housing; an extension extending from said bowl; a fuel jet in one end of said extension; means for supplying fuel through said jet into said bowl; said housing being provided with an' air and fuel inlet opening above said burner bowl; means for introducing fuel through said air and fuel inlet to be vaporized in said fire box housing from the heat from said bowl.

4. A burner comprising a fire box housing provided with a valve controlled air inlet in one end, and with an outlet at its other end; a burner bowl within said housing; an extension member extending from said bowl; a fuel jet in one end of said extension member; means for supplying liquid fuel through said m xing with said fuel to jet into said bowl; and means for supplymg a1r through said jet into saidbowl for mixing with said fuel to support combustion within said bowl.

5. A burner comprising a fire box housing provided with a controlled air inlet opening in theupper wall of'said housing at one. end thereof, and with an outlet at its other end; a burner bowl within said housing; an extension member extending from said bowl, and means for supplying liquid fuel and air through said extension into said bowl.

6. A burner comprising a fire box housing provided'with an air inlet at one end thereof, and an opening and an outlet at the other end thereof; a burner bowlwithin said housing; an extension member extending from said bowl; a fuel jet in one end of said extension; means for supplying liquid fuel through said jet into said bowlrand means for supplying air through said jet into said bowl for mixing with said fuel to support combustion within said bowl.

7. A burner comprising a housing provided with an air inlet opening from the side of sa d housing at one end thereof; means for opening and closing said air inlet; another adjustable .air inlet in said housing; sa d housing having an outlet at its other end; a burner bowl within said housing; an extension member extending from said bowl; a fuel jetopening into said bowl; means for supplying liquid fuel through said jet into said bowl; and means for supplying air through said-extension and said jet into said bowl for support combustion within said bowl.

8. A burner comprising a fire box housing provided with a door controlled air inlet opening in the upper wall of said housing at one end thereof; there being a valve controlled air inlet opening in said end of said housing; there being a door controlled opening in the upper wall of said housing near its other end; a burner bowl; a fuel jet opening into said bowl; means for supplying liquid fuel through said jet into said bowl; and means for supplying air through said jet into said bowl to supply a combustible mixture to be combusted within said bowl.

9. A burner comprising a fire box housing provided with an air inlet and an outlet; a burner bowl adjustably mounted within saidfire box housing; a hollow extension member extending from said bowl; a fuel jet adjustably mounted in the open end of said extension and being provided with external spiral ribs engaging the inside of said hollow extension member and forming outlet spaces between said jet and extension opening into said bowl; and means for supplying fuel through said jet into said bowl.

10. A burner comprising a housing provided with an air inlet and an outlet and means to supply fuel thereto; a burner bowl int I within said housing; a fuel jet in said bowl;

means for supplying liquid fuel through said jet into said bowl; means for supplylng air under pressure through said jet and into said bowl; and means for supplying air to said housing for mixing with said fuel to support combustion within said housing.

'11. A burner comprising a housing pro:

means to supply'fuel exteriorly of said bowl to said housing to be vaporized by the heat from said bowl.

In testimony whereof, I have, hereunto set my hand at Los An eles, California, this 4th day of August, 192%.

ALFRED H. THOMPSON.

vided with an air inlet and an outlet; :1 burner bowl within said housing; an extension member extending from said bowl; said extension including an outer tubular member and an inner tubular member slidably mounted in said outer tubular member; said burner bowl being adjustably secured on the inner end of said outer member; a cap on the outer end'of said inner tube; valve controlled air inlet ports in the outer end of said inner tubular member, a'fuel jet in the inner tubular member opening into said bowl; means for supplying fuel through said jet into said bowl; and means for supplying air through said jet and into said bowl.

12. A burner to burn combustible fuel comprising a fire box housing a burner bowl therein; means to supply fuel and air to the inside of said bowl; and means to supply air to said housing to support a flame therein; and means to supply fuel to the housing exteriorly of said bowl to be vaporized by the heat from said bowl. I

13. A burner to burn combustible fuel com- I prising a stationary extension member; a burner bowl adjustably mounted on said extension and adapted to support a flame therein; a member slidably mounted in said extension member; and a combined air and fuel admitting jet adjustably mounted in said adjustable member, said slidable member being adapted and arranged to be adjusted within said burner bowl, and said combined fuel and air admitting jet being adapted and arranged to be adjusted within said slidable member to support a flame within said burner bowl.

' 14. A burner comprising a fire box housing provided with an air inlet and an outlet; an open ended burner bowl within said fire box housing; members co-operating with said bowl to close one end thereof; an extension member from said bowl; a fuel jet in said bowl and connected to said extension mem: ber; means for supplying fuel through said jet into said bowl; means for supplying air under pressure through said jet and into said bowl; and means for adjusting said jet relative to the open end of said bowl and relative to said extension.

' 15. A burner to burn combustible fuel comprising a fire box housing, an adjustable. burner bowl therein, a fuel jet, means to supply fuel and air to'the inside of said bowl through said jet, means to supply air to said housing to. support a flame therein and

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