US1875203A - Self ventilating high speed armature - Google Patents

Description

V. G. APPLE SELF VENTILATlNG HIGH SPEED ARIATURE I Filed Aug. 31. 1927 Aug. 30, 1932.

m T. m V N 1 I A TTORNE Y IIIIIIIIIIII- v w Patented Aug. 30, 1932 PATENT OFFICE vmcmrr a. mm, or narrow, 0310 sur vnn'rm'rme men srnnn annruaa Application filed, August .31, 1927. Serial No. 216,749.

My invention relates to armatures for d namo electric machines and more particular y ing integral, means for holding the commu tator bars spaced apart to form a blower therefrom and air ducts thru the core c0- operating with said blower to kee the core,

0 windings, commutator and bru es which may bear thereon at a relatively low temperature, all with substantially no increase in the number of parts or amount of material used.

Another object is to secure the parts of the commutator and winding together as to render the finished armature capable of withstanding a higher rotative speed than when made as in common practice.

These and other objects are attained by the structure shown in the accompanying drawing wherein- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section thru my improved armature.

Fig. 2 is a cross section taken at 2-2 Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken at 3-3 Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one of the winding loops.

Fig. 5 is a part section taken to a larger scale at 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an enlargement of a. portion of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is an enlargement of a portion of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is an enlargement of a portion of Fi 2.

gimilar numerals refer to similar parts thruout the several views.

Referring to the drawing, the core 10 is composed of a plurality of laminae 11 of magnetic material. Suitable winding aper tures 12 are disposed near the periphery of the laminae. An aperture 13 having inwardly extending keyways 14 is adapted to receive the armature shaft 15. Other apertures form tunnels 16 thru which air may be drawn to cool the armature in operation.

The winding is composed of a plurality of integral loops 17 of conductive material. (See Fig. 4). Each loop is made of a single piece of metal comprising a conductor bar 18 adapted to occupy a position in the outer layer of the winding. a conductor bar 19 adapted to occupy a position in the inner layer of the winding, and a commutator segment 20, the leads21 and 22 being suitably bent to locate the commutator segment considerably closer to the armature axis than the conductor bars are located. Conductor bar 18 and commutator segment 20 are notched as at 23 and 24 respectively for purposes hereinafter set forth. The free ends 25 and 26 of bars 18 and 19 are bent to form suitable loads 27 and 28 (see Fig. 1) to complete the winding after the conductor'bars 18 and 19 have been endwise entered into apcrtuies 12 according to my process Patent No. 1,224,518 whereby closed or semi-closed apertures may be employed, an armature having its conductors held in such apertures being adaptedto much higher rotative speed than one having its conductors held in open slots. A connector 29 of conductive material may be used to assist in maintaining the joint between each pair of ends 25 and 26 (see Figs. 1 and 5).

Molded insulating material 30 extends between and about loads 21 and 22, leads 27 and 28 and ends 31 to hold them in their respective positions and insulate them one from another. Insulation also surrounds and'separates conductor bars 18 and 19 where they extend thru the core as in common practice. (See Figs. 2 and 8). But no insulating material extends between segments 20, except at their ends 31,.so that spaces 32 are left between the segments. as shown in full in Fig. 3 and in part, to an enlarged scale in Fig. 7,. A cylindrical passage 41 is left vacant immediately surrounding shaft 15, and this passage connects spaces 32, with tunnels '16. (See Fig. 1). It is obvious, that athigh rotative speed considerable air will be drawn thru tunnels 16 and moved radially outward thru spaces 32 by reason of segments 20 acting as do the blades of a conventional blower, which serves not only to maintain a lower temperature in the core but to prevent. accumulations of dust on and between the segments of the commutator, and to lower the brush temperature by directing a current of air against the working surfaces of the spaced apart cylindrical formation at the brushes themselves.

Rings 33, 34 and 35 are provided at suitable places to protect the armature against physical injury and to take the strain due to centrifugal force at high rotative speeds. Ring 33 is'turncd over at3i so as tosurround but not touch, the notched ends'23 of the conductor bars. Ring 35 is turned over at 37 and surrounds, but does -not touch, the notched ends 24 of the commutator bars. Ring 34 is of angle section and occupies a spaced apart position surrounding leads 21 and 22. These rings 'may be made of any" material having suflicient strength and hard ness for the purposes set forth, and accordingl to be of yalue must be of a material hart er and stronger than insulation materiburst the al 30. They may be secured in place in any manner desired, a simple method of attachment being to provide tapered holes as at 38, 39, 40, ctc., t li en suitably supporting the rings in proper location Within the mold in 'whieh the insulating material 30 is to be molded, thus permitting said material to eX- tend thru'the tapered holes 38, 39, 40, etc.,

ends of the loops, an insulation ring molded between and about the outer ends of the unsplit portions concentrically supported on the shaft, an insulation ring molded between and about the inner ends of the unsplit portions, and betiyeenand about the split portions adjacent the core and concentrically surrounding said shaft radially beyond said tunnels, an insulation ring at the opposite end of the core molded between and about the split ends of the loops, and metal protecting rings surrounding and imbedded in said insulation rings at-their exposed ends.

, In testimony whereof I hereunto subscribe my name.

VINCENT Gr. APPLE.

to firmly bind the ring in place. An en V larged section F (3. shows more clearly how the insulation extends thru tapered holes 38 to hold ring 83 in place.

By reference to the draiving itis obvious that rings 33,34 and 35 afford considerable protection to the armature against physicalv injury, and that the permissible rotative speed of the armature is considerably in creased thereby, since the centrifugal force must either crush the insulating material bettveen the Winding and the rings, or must rings in order todestroy the armature. f I

By depressing ring 35 as at 41 to receive nuts 42 and 43 the overall length of the structure is decreased.

Ilaving described my invention, I claim- 1. A high speed armature comprising a core, ventilating tunnels therethru, a bar winding thereon, diagonal leads extending from the winding beyond the core, spaced apart commutator segments integral with said diagonal leads, rings of insulating material molded between and around said diagonal leads and between and around the free ends of said segments leaving the greater, portion of said segments separated from each'other by air spaces only, reinforcing rings inibeddcd in said insulating rings at their outer exposed ends and an air passage 7 connecting said tunnels and said air spaces.

2. In combination, an armature core structure with closed windingapertures near its periphery and axially extending ventilating tunnels near its shaft, integral Winding loops composed of pieces of metal split and spread apart and inserted in the said winding apertures with unspht portions arranged in

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