US1872984A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

Aug. '23, 1932. v 5, LAND 1,872,984

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 21, 1928 2 sheets-sheet 1 Aug. 23, 1932.

' ca. E. LAND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 21, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR z.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Patented Aug. 23, 1932 p GEORGE E. LAnnfor rr'rTsBunGH', rENnsYLvANIA;'AssIenon, nrivrnsun MENTS, 'ro MARY HAINES Means, or sEwIoKLEy; rENNs pyAnIaf g y V I B ILDING CONSTRUCTION Application fil ed March 21,1928. Serial No. 263,306,

2o costof such astructure.

Myiinvention relates to construe tion and particularly to preassembled bases constituting a combined formand reinforcement for plastic materials for use? on hori- "5 zontal and semi-horizontal planes such, as floors and'roofs. V In forming slabs for use in buildings and other shapes utilizing a plasticmaterial which is poured in a form and thenpermitted to,

harden, it is customary practice'to prepare a temporary form OfWOOCl or other material,v which is removed from the slab after the plastic material has hardened. One example of the foregoing is the pouring of. concrete floors for buildings. i g

The Waste of material incident to the erection, shoring and tearing down of such forms is considerable and the labor involved constitutes an appreciable item of expenseinithe The use of Wooden forms particularly involves a firehazard durin'gconstruction. l

Another practice is the use of different types of metal lath having stiffening crimps or corrugations formed therein. Such metal lath has openings therein'and is-clisadvantageous as it permits the plastic materiali t'ol drop down onto thefloon or other structure beneath. The metal lath is of 'insuflicient strength to carry hea'vy'loads of et concrete over Wide spans and necessitates the usegof separately handled reinforcing," means forsustaining the Wet plastic material.

Another practice is to utilize metal orother sheet material for such forms and permit the sheet material to remain in place after the plastic material has hardened or set. The use of these sheet materials in lieu of Wooden forms has the advantage of providing a finished ceiling in certain classes of Work. The presence of the sheet material at the base-of the formed structure, generally termeda slab, prevents deterioration and crumbling of the material from theibottom thereof. Such constructions have heretofore necessitated the separate placing of the sheet materialor forms and reinforcing means, such as rods, bars, or metallic fabric at the site of the construction. The placing of: the reinforcement and the sheet material hasrequired that each be carefully positioned after being transported to their placeiof use; which; inzmany cases is many stories in theair, Wherethe hall dling of loose vpiece'sof.v material is costly,. dangerous andtroublesome v Where paper-backed fabric hasbeen as the combined form and reinforcing' means,

it-has been necessary to provide additional strength to the backing, and special fasteners in the end Walls of thebuilding, because the product must be stretchedlvery taut and fasgtenjed securely inplace while taut; Thestretching of any reinforcing means orforn from-the walls ofthe building, particularly the end Walls, requires additional strengthofthe, Walls. Even when applied in. such, manner, the paper-backed fabricjwillbellyg or sag between supportsthereby requiring excess I of plastic material and the reinforce ment will not be in itsfproper positioni-nthe slab; I

I provide a base for plastic material vvhich constitutes a combined form and reinforcement for the plastic material. In providing the: base," sheet material isipreassembledjwith reinforcingmeans such as,tension,rods at; a factory or a field shop-and is transportedas a un-itto the place of use. The base is' laid directly: upon the supporting beams. ofthe I structure Where it'is to be used and secured thereto. 7 The tensioning or reinforcing rods are then in overlapping relationto transmit continuous longitudinal strainsthrough the formed slab vvith the sheets ofg-material'in engagement along their edges, :The form is then ready for, the reception of Wet plastic material vvithout the necessity of placing'reinforcing means over thesheet material? as has heretofore been necessary In the accompanying drawmg's illustrl I ing certain preferred embodiments of lniy invention, 1

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a1 frag ment of. a horizontal building slab embody- 4 ing my invention"; c

.Figure 2 is a broken longitudinal view of a portion thereof; p

" Figure 3 is'a sectional view taken along the section line III-III of Figurefl;

-Figure 4 is a perspective view of a cornand the loops 15 turn as shown in dotted lines in Figure 6 sufliciently to reduce the over-all height of the bases materially. hen such a base is used small chairs or blocks 17 are inserted between the backing 12 and the strands 16 for spacing the latter from the backing.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the backing 6 may be secured to rods, fabric or bars by studs 76. The heads of the studs'rest directly upon the upper surface of the backing 6. If the backing is corrugated the studs are placed on the tops of the corrugation. The shanks of the studs 7?) are secured to the rods 7 a by welding. This form of the invention is applicable where transverse tie rods or bars, such as the transverse extending supports 8, shown in Figure 4, may be dispensed with.

In Figure 9 I have shown a corrugated backing 25 with a supporting bar 26 secured directly to the top of the corrugations rather than being spaced therefrom as shown in Figure 3. Reinforcing or tensioning rods '27 are secured to the outer surface of the supporting bar 26. In determining whether a structure such as shown in Figure 3 or a structure such as shown in Figure 9 is desirable, the length of the span, the thickness of the slab and other engineering requirements must be considered.

Referring to Figures 10 and 11, backings 18 and 19 are secured to strands 20 and 21, respectively, by small nails or rivets 22 that extend through openings in the backing and terminatein heads 24. During shipment the backing and fabric are collapsed for economy of space. One embodiment of this construc-- tion is shown and described in my co-pending application Serial No. 193,451, filed May 23, 1927.

For securing the base 5 to the beams 4, I have shown several forms of fastening means. In Figures 1, 2 and 12 a wire 28 is passed through openings in the backing on opposite sides of a beam 4 and the ends thereof twisted together in a knot 29. This form of securing means is suitable for connecting the ends of adjacent'bases 5 as it prevents them from moving laterally of the beams.

In Figure 13 I have shown a strap 30 secured by bolts 31 to a backing 6 and extending around a beam 4. This form of fastening device is adapted primarily for use at intermediate points along a base 5.

In Figure 14 I have shown a strap 30 and bolts 31 co-operating with a strap 32 extending across a beam 4 above the bases 5. This form of clamping means is particularly well adapted for use at the ends of the bases as the strap 32 firmly holds the ends in close abutting relation and against the top of the beam 4.

In Figure 15 the backing sheets\6 are secured to the beam 4 by lugs 34 extending under the flanges of the beam and secured to the backing by bolts 35. This form of invention is primarily adapted for use intermediate the ends of the base 5.

In Figure 16 there is shown a rod orwire 36 that is passed through openings in the bases 5 and crimped against the under edges of the flanges of the beam 4. This form of invention may be used either at the ends of or intermediate a base 5.

In Figure 17 I have shown a built-up beam 37 having openings 38 therein throughwhich a strap 39 extends. The strap 39 is secured by bolts 40 to the bases 5 on opposite sides of the beam'37.

While I have shown and described certain present preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the-invention may be otherwise practiced and embodied without departing from the scope of the appended claim. I

I claim: g

As a new article of manufacture, a preassembled base for employment in the production of cementitious building slabs, said base comprising a rigid metallic sheet for receiving, supporting and strengthening the cementitious material, transverse members secured rigidly to said base in, spaced relation therewith, and longitudinal reinforcing members rigidly secured to said transverse members and extending at one end beyond the end of said base, whereby the longitudinal reinforcing members of one base willoverlap those of a base placed adjacent thereto, said base transverse and longitudinal members constituting a unitary structure adapted to be transported and applied as such.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. 7 a

' GEORGEE, LAND.

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