US1862542A - Carding engine - Google Patents

Description

June 14, G. Q LAURENCY 1,862,542

CARDING ENGINE Filed Feb. 21, 1950 lnven tor:

Attorneys Patented June 14, 1932 PATENT QFF GUILLAUME CLEMENT LAUREN CY, OF LA HULPE, :BELGIUM CARDING ENGINE Application led February 21, 1930. Serial No. 430,386.

The object of my present invention is practically to obtain the parallelization of textile fibres by means of cylinders or rollers, having their surfaces provided with needles or carding teeth, and combined with other cylinders or rollers, with a resilient and compressible surface. The circumferential speed of each of said cylinders or rollers being greater than that of the preceding one, the fibres are caused to slide between the carding teeth while they are pulled and drawn between each cylinder and a fixed block, with a polished rigid concave surface into which closely fits a portion of the surface of the cylinder.

The possibility of obtaining the parallelization of the textile fibres according to the principle set forth above, has already been proposed, but the idea of using cylinders or rollers with elastic or resilient surfaces for pulling and stretching the fibres on rigid surfaces could not be carried into practical effect heretofore because the knots of libres as well as the seeds and eXtraneous bodies taken from the comber or doffer of the carding engine with the libres could not be carried on by said cylinders and accumulated on the edge of the rigid surface, producing interruptions in the fleece or layer of libres in the carding engine. Moreover it was not easy to secure regular pressure and contact on the entire length of the cylinders which could only be secured by their ends.

My invention is fully disclosed with reference to accompanying drawing wherein I have illustrated an example how to apply the principles thereof to a carding engine.

In such drawing:

Fig. l is a sectional View of part of the comber or dolfer and the stretching rollers or cylinders associated therewith, and

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one of the rollers or cylinders according to Fig. l, but on a smaller scale.

A part of the doffer of the carding engine is shown at A in Fig. 1. The fibres placed by the card between the teeth of said doffer or comber are taken at the point m by the roller B the surface of which is covered with leather and which is rotatable in the recess of a metal block C at a circumferential speed greater than that of A. This diderence of speed between A and B will cause the fibres to slide between the teeth on A when they are drawn by B into the recess of C, the straightening and parallelization of said fibres being the result of such sliding movement.

D is a combing cylinder' rotating as, but faster than cylinder B and combing the web of fibres in a recessed rigid block C similar to C. E is another resilient surface roller similar' to B, rotating as, but faster than, cylinder D, and which causes the fibres to come olf the teeth of D and slide and be stretched `on a recessed block C similar to C and C.

A web of perfectly straight and parallel fibres comes out from between roller E and block C, at the rear edge u of the block and this web is ready to be transformed into slivers to form rovings in the known manner. 76

Up till now this result was never obtained in practice because hard bodies or bodies thicker than the fibres would not enter between the first roller-B and the surface of block C. They accumulated before the entrance edge of block C, prevented the libres from following roller B and produced an irregular', non-continuous and interrupted web.

This defect is avoided by my present in- 80 vention by the fact that the entrance edge m of the recess has been moved further away from the roller and tangentially as indicated by lines a-Z). Owing to this simple modification all extraneous and strange bodies will be evacuated together with the libres and seized in the angle formed between the rim of the recess and the compressible surface of the rollers B and E. Said bodies will be moulded into this surface as the pebbles on the road are forced into a pneumatic tyre. The block C of the combing cylinder D may also provide a tapered entrance m, but this is not essential for the combing cylinder.

My invention also provides means for producing uniform pressure of the rollers B and E on the fleece of libres in the recessed blocks C and C.

Fig. 2 shows the longitudinal section of a cylinder or roller with a compressible surma face according to my present invention and recessed block in which it operates. The shaft H extending through said roller is supported at its central part I only and the fieX- ibility thereof enables the roller to perfectly it into the recess. A small pressure of the shaft completing the pressure produced by the weight of the roller will be sufficient for securing the Contact of the fiexible material and the carrying away of the fibres on the entire length ofthe roller. l

In Fig. 2, z' designates the compressible material coated with a thin layer of leather or the like J and K are the bearings supporting the shaft H.

Having now fully described my said invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

In a carding engine for producing a web of straightened and parallel libres, comprising a series of rollers, with a compressiblc surface, and a combing cylinder revolving with successively increased speeds in hollow recessed blocks into which they draw and elongate the web of fibres taken off the dofler, the combination of hollow rollers, a shaft extending through each of said rollers and supporting each roller by its centre only, a recessed block having one edge close to the doffer and tangent to the first roller, providing thereby a tapering entrance in between the surface of said roller and the surface of said block for strange and extraneous bodies to be carried on with the fibres, and a recessed block with a similar edge Close to the combing cylinder, mounted in combination with the roller pulling the fleece off said combing cylinder.

GUILLAUME CLEMENT LAURENCY.

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