US1860505A - Preparation of surfaces for coating - Google Patents
Preparation of surfaces for coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1860505A US1860505A US316883A US31688328A US1860505A US 1860505 A US1860505 A US 1860505A US 316883 A US316883 A US 316883A US 31688328 A US31688328 A US 31688328A US 1860505 A US1860505 A US 1860505A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- iron
- phosphate
- article
- bath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
Definitions
- This invention relates to the preparation of surfaces for coating and more particularly 7 for coating with a layer of insoluble phos phatesformed in situ.
- the invention consists in the electrolytic deposition of iron on a surface, and the subjection of the surface thus produced to a dilute solution of phosphates until a coating of insoluble phosphates is produced thereon;
- the electrolytic deposition of iron may be accomplished in any well "known manner.
- the article to be coated may be used as the cathode in a solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate.
- a saturated solution isused, which contains about three pounds of the sulphate to one gallon of water.
- the efficiency of the solution may be increased by the use of other salts to reduce the resistance of the bath.
- One mixture found suit-able is as follows:
- equal volumes of solutions A, B, C and D are mixed together in an iron container which serves as an anode and the article to be coated is dipped in the solution and used as a cathode.
- the current is kept at approximately 6 :volts and at a current density often to twelve amperes per square foot of the surface of the object to be coated.
- This phosphate bath maybe prepared in any of the ways well known to the art and need not be specifically described here.
- the advantage of the electrolytically deposited iron coating on an iron or steel article flows from the more prompt reaction of the electrolytically deposited iron. This makes possible a greater production with the same equipment and results in a more even and satisfactory coating. there is some wasteful hydrolytic dissociation resulting in the forming of sludge in the phosphate bath, aside from the reactions involved in the actual rust-proofing, and therefore the lessening of the time of reaction not only results in more production for the same amount of equipment and a more satisfactory coating on the articles, but also reduces the relative amount of waste in the bath.
- the insoluble phosphate coating referred to above forms a very good surface for receiving paint, varnish, lacquer or enamel.
- Aluminum and zinc may be mentioned as common materials whose regular surface is not good for retaining paint or similar coatings, but which may be quickly and effectivel Y repared for painting by the above described method.
- the electrolytical y deposited iron may be utilized for initiating the deposition o the phosphate coating and the formation of this coating may be continued with the metal of the body of the article, and this is true of other metals such as zinc, manganese and magnesium, which will react with the bath to form insoluble phosphates.
- the treatment with the phosphate bath may be stopped short of the transformation of all of the electrolytically deposited iron into phosphates.
- the electrolytically deposited iron reacts in the phosphate bath more promptly than any other material which I havejound, it is preferable to deposit substantially enough of this iron to carry out the reaction.
- any of the electrolytically deposited iron is not acted upon by the phosphate bath, it constitutes a layer of material with different electrical characteristics and thereby increases galvanic action and liability to rusting. For this reason it is preferable to deposit substantially as much iron as will react in the phosphate bath and to continue the treatment in the phosphate bath until reaction with substantially all of the iron thus deposited has been completed.
- Zinc, magnesium or manganese may be electrolytically deposited instead of iron, and form the coating which reacts with the phosphate solution to form a coating of insoluble phosphates; but iron reacts more promptly than zinc or magnesium, and is readily deposited electrolytically, and therefore is considered the best metal to use.
- the method which consists in electrolytically depositing a coating of iron upon the surface of an article and treating the iron thus deposited with a solution of phosphates until a coating of insoluble hosphates is formed upon the surface 0 article.
- the method which consists in electrolytically depositing upon the surface of an article a coating of Illt' i, treating the iron with a solution of phosphates until there is formed a coating of insoluble phosphates, and applying to the surface thus formed an adherent air-proof coating.
- the method which consists in electrolytically depositing upon the surface of an article a coating of a. metal capable of reacting with a hosphate solution to form a coating of inso uble phosphates, and treating the coated article with a phosphate solution until substantially all of the electrolytically deposited metal has reacted with the solution.
- the method of coating a surface of aluminum which consists in electrolytically depositing thereon a coating of iron and treating the iron coating with a dilute phosphate bath until substantially all of the iron has reacted to form plies hates.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Description
UNITED STA ES Patented May 31, 1932 PATENT OFFICE 'ELHIER M. JHIlNIIS, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR IO PARKER RUST-PROOF COM- IPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN No Drawing.
I PREPARATION or. sonmcns roe comma This invention relates to the preparation of surfaces for coating and more particularly 7 for coating with a layer of insoluble phos phatesformed in situ.
The invention consists in the electrolytic deposition of iron on a surface, and the subjection of the surface thus produced to a dilute solution of phosphates until a coating of insoluble phosphates is produced thereon;
The electrolytic deposition of iron may be accomplished in any well "known manner.
- For example, the article to be coated may be used as the cathode in a solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate. Preferably, a saturated solution isused, which contains about three pounds of the sulphate to one gallon of water. The efficiency of the solution may be increased by the use of other salts to reduce the resistance of the bath. One mixture found suit-able is as follows:
Ferrous ammonium sulphate, to saturation, about three lbs. Solution D Water 1 'gallon Magnesium sulphate 20 oz.
For use, equal volumes of solutions A, B, C and D are mixed together in an iron container which serves as an anode and the article to be coated is dipped in the solution and used as a cathode. Preferably, the current is kept at approximately 6 :volts and at a current density often to twelve amperes per square foot of the surface of the object to be coated.
The length of time the article is subjected Application filed November 2, 1928. Serial No. 316,883.
to this coating operation may vary within wide limits. For some purposes a mere flash 1s sufficient while for other purposes a coating of substantial thickness is desirable. Or-.
dinarily,- three to ten minutes suflices to produce the desired coating.
Electrolytically deposited iron rusts very easily and therefore it is preferable to subject the article to a phosphate bath as promptly as feasible after the deposition of 'the iron. This phosphate bath maybe prepared in any of the ways well known to the art and need not be specifically described here.
One suitable bath is described indetail in a patent on rustproofing issued to Green et' al., December 6, 1927, No. 1,651,694.
The time of reaction necessary to produce the insoluble phosphate coating is much less with theelectrolytically deposited iron than been cleaned by picklingfsince the phosphate solution ordinarily reacts very slowly with a pickled surface. 7
The advantage of the electrolytically deposited iron coating on an iron or steel article flows from the more prompt reaction of the electrolytically deposited iron. This makes possible a greater production with the same equipment and results in a more even and satisfactory coating. there is some wasteful hydrolytic dissociation resulting in the forming of sludge in the phosphate bath, aside from the reactions involved in the actual rust-proofing, and therefore the lessening of the time of reaction not only results in more production for the same amount of equipment and a more satisfactory coating on the articles, but also reduces the relative amount of waste in the bath.
Furthermore, it is sometimes desirable to place an insoluble phosphate coatin upon materials other than iron and upon a1 oys of iron or steel which do not react readily and uniformly with the regular phosphate rustprooling bath. All such articles which are susceptible to taking a coating of electrolytically deposited iron may be thus coated and then subjected to the phosphate bath, where- Furthe'rmore,
with the ordinary iron or steel surface. This is particularly true where the article has upon the electrolytically deposited iron reacts with the bath and produces the desired phosphate coating.
The insoluble phosphate coating referred to above forms a very good surface for receiving paint, varnish, lacquer or enamel. For this purpose a very thin coating of electrolytically deposited iron and a very brief treatment in the bath, sufficient to react with this iron, forms a satisfactory paint-receiving surface upon the material. Aluminum and zinc may be mentioned as common materials whose regular surface is not good for retaining paint or similar coatings, but which may be quickly and effectivel Y repared for painting by the above described method.
When treating articles havin surfaces of iron or steel, the electrolytical y deposited iron ma be utilized for initiating the deposition o the phosphate coating and the formation of this coating may be continued with the metal of the body of the article, and this is true of other metals such as zinc, manganese and magnesium, which will react with the bath to form insoluble phosphates. In any instance the treatment with the phosphate bath may be stopped short of the transformation of all of the electrolytically deposited iron into phosphates. However, since the electrolytically deposited iron reacts in the phosphate bath more promptly than any other material which I havejound, it is preferable to deposit substantially enough of this iron to carry out the reaction. Furthermore, if any of the electrolytically deposited iron is not acted upon by the phosphate bath, it constitutes a layer of material with different electrical characteristics and thereby increases galvanic action and liability to rusting. For this reason it is preferable to deposit substantially as much iron as will react in the phosphate bath and to continue the treatment in the phosphate bath until reaction with substantially all of the iron thus deposited has been completed.
In the usual phosphate rust-proofing bath the reactions result in the liberation of hydrogen at the surface of the work and this liberation of h drogen may be talren as an indication of t e reaction taking place. It is customary in the usual treatment of iron articles to continue boiling them in the hosphate solution as long as substantia reaction is indicated by the giving off of hydrogen. This gradually decreases as the coating becomes thicker, until finally it practically ceases, which indicates the conclusion of the operation.
When treating articles'coated with electrolytically deposited iron, the reaction and consequent giving oif of hydrogen is comparatively rapid as long as the reaction is with the electrolytically deposited iron, if this deposit is not so great as to carry the reaction to a conclusion. For preparing surfaces for painting, it is unnecessary to have a coating as thick as will be produced by carrying the reaction to a conclusion. Therefore, for preparing surfaces for painting, a comparatively thin deposit of iron may be produced electrolytically. When such a surface is treated by the phosphate solution, reaction takes place quite rapidly until the surface coating of iron has entered into the reaction, whereupon there is a marked decrease in the rate of reaction. This decrease may be taken to indicate the time when the phosphate solution has completed its reaction with the electrolytically deposited iron.
It will be readily understood that while one solution, together with current densities for the deposition of the iron coating, has been stated specifically, that any equivalent methodof electrolytically depositing the iron may be adopted. It will likewise be apparent that the method is applicable to any surface on which iron can be electrolytically deposited and where a coating of insoluble phosphates is desirable.
Zinc, magnesium or manganese, may be electrolytically deposited instead of iron, and form the coating which reacts with the phosphate solution to form a coating of insoluble phosphates; but iron reacts more promptly than zinc or magnesium, and is readily deposited electrolytically, and therefore is considered the best metal to use.
\Vhat I claim is:
1. The method which consists in electrolytically depositing a coating of iron upon the surface of an article and treating the iron thus deposited with a solution of phosphates until a coating of insoluble hosphates is formed upon the surface 0 article.
2. The process which consists in electrol tically depositing a coating of iron upon the surface of an article and treating the surface thus prepared by a dilute phosphate so lution until substantially all of the lIOIl thus deposited has reacted with the phosphate solution to form a coating of insoluble phosphates on the article.
3. The method which consists in electrolytically depositing upon the surface of an article a coating of Illt' i, treating the iron with a solution of phosphates until there is formed a coating of insoluble phosphates, and applying to the surface thus formed an adherent air-proof coating.
4. The method which consists in electrolytically depositing upon the surface of an article a coating of a. metal capable of reacting with a hosphate solution to form a coating of inso uble phosphates, and treating the coated article with a phosphate solution until substantially all of the electrolytically deposited metal has reacted with the solution.
5. The method of coating an iron or steel the l article which consists in electrolytically depositing an iron coating upon the surface of the iron or steel article, and treating the iron thus deposited with a solution of phosphates until a coating of insoluble phosphates is formed upon the surface thereof.
6. The method of coating an iron or steel article which consists in electrolytically depositing a coating of iron on the surface of the article, and treating the surface thus prepared by a phosphate solution until substantially all of the iron electrolytically deposited has reacted with the phosphate solution to form a coating of insoluble phosphates on the article.
7. The method of coating a surface of metal which does not react with a dilute phosphate bath to form a coating of insoluble phosphates, which consists in electrolytically depositing on said surface a coating of a metal capable of reacting with a dilute phosphate bath to form insoluble phosphate, and treating said coating with a dilute phosphate solution until there is formed a coating of insoluble phosphate.
8. The method of coating a surface of aluminum, which consists in electrolytically depositing thereon a coating of iron and treating the iron coating With a dilute phosphate bath until a coating of insoluble phosphate is formed.
9. The method of coating a surface of aluminum, which consists in electrolytically depositing thereon a coating of iron and treating the iron coating with a dilute phosphate bath until substantially all of the iron has reacted to form plies hates.
In testimony whereo I have hereunto signed my name to this specification.
ELMER M. JGNES.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US316883A US1860505A (en) | 1928-11-02 | 1928-11-02 | Preparation of surfaces for coating |
FR683486D FR683486A (en) | 1928-11-02 | 1929-10-18 | Preparation of surfaces to be covered |
DEM112369D DE562561C (en) | 1928-11-02 | 1929-10-26 | Process for the treatment of objects that are to be coated with a rust protection layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US316883A US1860505A (en) | 1928-11-02 | 1928-11-02 | Preparation of surfaces for coating |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1860505A true US1860505A (en) | 1932-05-31 |
Family
ID=23231115
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US316883A Expired - Lifetime US1860505A (en) | 1928-11-02 | 1928-11-02 | Preparation of surfaces for coating |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1860505A (en) |
DE (1) | DE562561C (en) |
FR (1) | FR683486A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2626895A (en) * | 1944-11-17 | 1953-01-27 | Fansteel Metallurgical Corp | Electrolytic production of iron |
US2682593A (en) * | 1949-06-28 | 1954-06-29 | Gen Electric | Electrical contact |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5837391B2 (en) * | 1980-02-21 | 1983-08-16 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for manufacturing cold-rolled steel sheet with excellent phosphate treatment properties |
-
1928
- 1928-11-02 US US316883A patent/US1860505A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1929
- 1929-10-18 FR FR683486D patent/FR683486A/en not_active Expired
- 1929-10-26 DE DEM112369D patent/DE562561C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2626895A (en) * | 1944-11-17 | 1953-01-27 | Fansteel Metallurgical Corp | Electrolytic production of iron |
US2682593A (en) * | 1949-06-28 | 1954-06-29 | Gen Electric | Electrical contact |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE562561C (en) | 1932-10-27 |
FR683486A (en) | 1930-06-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2412543A (en) | Coated zinc article and method of making same | |
CA1105879A (en) | Treatment of metal parts to provide rust-inhibiting coatings | |
US4927472A (en) | Conversion coating solution for treating metal surfaces | |
US4338141A (en) | Formation of zinc phosphate coating on metallic surface | |
US4311535A (en) | Composition for forming zinc phosphate coating over metal surface | |
US4419199A (en) | Process for phosphatizing metals | |
JPS6136588B2 (en) | ||
US4670066A (en) | Process for the treatment by chemical conversion of substrates of zinc or of one of its alloys, concentrate and bath used for performing this process | |
US4265677A (en) | Phosphatizing prior to cathodic electropainting | |
JP2674075B2 (en) | Electrodeposition pretreatment Phosphate treatment method | |
JP3987633B2 (en) | Metal protective film forming treatment agent and forming method | |
JPH01277A (en) | Electrodeposition pretreatment phosphate treatment method | |
US4637838A (en) | Process for phosphating metals | |
US2322349A (en) | Corrosion resistant coating for metal surfaces | |
JP3137535B2 (en) | Zinc-containing metal-coated steel sheet composite excellent in coatability and method for producing the same | |
US2813812A (en) | Method for coating iron or zinc with phosphate composition and aqueous solution therefor | |
US2702768A (en) | Ferrous surface coating process using alkali metal phosphates and hydroxylamines | |
GB2224516A (en) | Phosphate conversion treatment liquid | |
US1860505A (en) | Preparation of surfaces for coating | |
US2835617A (en) | Composition and method for coating metallic surfaces | |
US3895969A (en) | Composition and process for inhibiting corrosion of non-ferrous metal surfaced articles and providing surface for synthetic resin coating compositions | |
US4474626A (en) | Solution and process for the chemical conversion of metal substrates | |
US2296070A (en) | Treatment of metal primers | |
US1856261A (en) | Coating surfaces of iron or steel | |
US4233087A (en) | Phosphate coating process |