US1860278A - Pump or compressor - Google Patents

Description

y 24, 1932- P. o. ECKELS 1,860,278,

4 PUMP OR COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 25, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY May 24, 1932. P. o. ECKELS I 1,860,278

PUMP on COMPRESSOR Filed Jan.25, 1930 3 Shgets-Sheet 2 y J .26 v w INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY May 24, 1932. P. o. ECKELS PUMP OR COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 23, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN V EN TOR.

' ATTORNEY Patented May 24, 1932 UNITED STATES PATIENT: OFFICE PARL OQECKELS, OF CLEVELANDOHIO, ASSIGNOR '10 ECKELS ENGINEERI TION, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO I NG CORPORA- rumr on oomnnsson v My invention relates to pumps and compressors and more particularly to an apparatus for increasingthe output; and the object is to provide an apparatus capable of high efficiency in providing fluid pressure 111 quantities sufiicient for a great variety of purposes, and which reduces friction to a minimum, which simplifies lubrication which reduces heating, which is small as compared with other pumps and compressors of equal capacity, which is compact and occupies less space, which weighs less, and costs less 1n the manufacture.

One advantage is that there is a multiplicity of operating parts or elements having short strokes and all cooperating with each other in constant succession and all actuated by a single driving element and all contacts of the driving element and of the driven elements being provided with antifriction means, and in consequence of such provisions the work accomplished is made so constant that no pulsations are observable. Other objects and advantages are fully explained in the following description and the invention will be more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings form a part of this application. I

Fig. 1 isca vertical section, showing the entire assembly. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the invention,

. a portion being broken away to disclose the means forlpreventing rotation of the swash plate ring.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section showing a variation in the construction of the cylinders, pistons, and operating means.

Fig. 4 illustrates a variation in the operating means shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic end view showing the manner of positioning an increased number 'of cylinders.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic side elevation in part of the cylinder shown in Fig. 5.

Similar characters of reference are used to indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

The drawings show sixteen cylinders l, but it is apparent that any suitable number of s own there is a driving shaft 2 to be driven by any suitable power. An actuating element 3, known as a swash plate, is made rigid with the shaft 2 by a hub construction consisting of two collars 4 which have their faces adjacent to the swash plate 3 inclined to conform to the angle which the swash plate 3 makes with the shaft 2. The two-collars 4 and the swash plate 3 may be keyed to the shaft 2 or otherwise made rigid therewith in any suitable manner. I Nuts are screwed on the hub portion of the shaft 2 and against the collars 4. A look nut 6 is screwed on the hub portion of the shaft to lock the collar cylinders may be used. 'In the construction I these housings are attached. Ball bearings are provided in housings 10 and 11 for the shaft 2. The heads 7 and 8 sup ort the inner ends of cylinders 1. The cylin are 1 are supported at their outer ends by frame members 12, and 13. The cylinders 1 have enlarged body constructions at their outer ends and the frame members 12 and 13 have openings to receive the enlarged portions of the cylinders. One object of the enlarged portions isfor supporting the receivers 14 and also to provide'suitable mountings for the exhaust valves 15. Hollow stems 16 are tapped and screwed into the outer portions of the cylinders 1. The receivers 14 have threaded openings and plu gecl caps 17 are screwed, into these threade openings and enclose the outer ends of the stem 16. The caps 17 provide a means of removing and replacing the valves 15 and thestems 16. The stems 16 have suitable discharge ports for discharging to the The air or fluid is taken into the cylinders 1 through intake valves 19, which are provided with housings '20 which are screwed into the ends of the cylinders 1. The valves 15 and 19 are poppet valves of known type. Supply chambers 21 are attached to the ends of cylinders 1 by suitable means and the chambers are enclosed in housings-22 formed on the frame-members 12 and 13. The sup-3 ply chambers 21 have ports for supplying the valves 19. The chambers 21 are' close by filters 23, if air or gases are used. If fluids are to be used, the chambers 22 are sealed air and liquid-tight and provided with feed-pipes. The cylinders 1 are provided with istons 24, which are provided with rods ich are actuated by the swash-plate 3.

The periphery of the swash-plate 3 is surrounded by ring 29.. The ring. 29 oscillates v 29 from revolvmg.

but does not revolve. Housings 26 are attached to the peripheryof the ring 29 and balls 27 are mounted in these housmgs and the ball-races are completed by plates 28 havin .arcuate ball tracks, which are at tache tothe cylindrical cover-plate 9, as shown in Fi 2. The ring 29 oscillates on the ball-bearings 27, which prevent the ring The ring 29 carries circular channel plates 30 which are made rigid with the ring 29. Sockets 31 are rigidly attached to channel plates 30. Cup-shaped sockets 33 are attached to the piston rods 25. Balls 34 are placed in the sockets 31, and bear against the swashplate 3. The cup-shaped socket members 33 are held in the sockets 31 by-nuts 32, which are screwed into the sockets 31. Piston-rods 25 are thus held in contact with the swashplate 3 by ball-and-socket joints. In operation the swash-plate 3 acts constantly on the piston rods 25 for driving the pistons 24.

,A base plate 35 is supported on feet 36. A framemember 37 is attached to the base 35 and extends upwardly and supports the outer end of the drivin shaft 2 and provides a means of support for a power element which drives the shaft. The drawings show a por tion .of a power shaft 38 sup orted in frame member 37 and which is provlded with a pinion 39 which drives the gear wheels 40 which is rigidly mounted on the shaft 2. The framemembers 7 and 8 are attached to the base 35 and form a lubricator reservoir 41. Front A suitable oil The principleiof .thisinvention is the divisibility of the work to be done arid. providing a large number of operative elements whereby a great number of operations are going on simultaneously and every element is. cooperating with every other element which makes the machine balance and reduces the vibrations, and all operations are caused by a single actuating element which'revolves and oscil ates simultaneously.

- Figure 3 shows a variation in. the means for actuating the pistons by the swash-plate 3 without the aid of piston rods. Ball sockets 49 are provided on the I istons 24 for retaining the balls 34 and t 0 balls 34 are held against the swash-plate b means of springs 50. The sockets 49 have anges 51 WhlOll ex:

, the delivery tend beyond the circumferenceof the cylinders 1 and form seats for the springs 50 which bear against the flanges and against frame members 7 and 8. 1

Figure 4 illustrates a variation from the structure shown in Figure 3. A yoke 52 carries the sockets 49 and the pistons 24 are screwed on to the oke 52. The yoke 52 is made so that it wilzcarry the balls 34 in contact with the swash-plate. 3.

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a plurality of cylinders arranged in concentric circles about the driving shaft so that the pistons of all cylinders can be operated by one swash-plate.

Various changes inthe sizes, proportions, construction, numbers of parts, and arrangement may be made without departing from my invention. What-I claim is:

1. In an apparatus, the combination of an element having a revolving motion and an oscillating motion operating'simultaneously, air filters, a plurahty oficylinders' for receiving filtered air, compress'ed- .a ir receiver,

means in the cylinders for drawing air through said filters and for compressing it and forcing the same into said compressed air receivers, an expansion chamber, combined conducting and cooling means for conducting air from said receiversinto said expansion chamber for expelling moisture'from the air preparatory to delivering air for serv- 1ce. x

2. An ap' aratus comprising 'air filters, a plurality 0 cylinders, means for Collecting for forcing air from said receivers in said;

expansion chamber and for expelling moisture from the air preparatory to delivery of said air for service. 7

3. An apparatus comprising a plurality of compressing cylinders, containers associated with said compressing cylinders, operating elements in said cylinders for causing intake of air into said cylinders for compressing and causing discharge of the air in said cylinders into said container, an element constantly revolving and oscillating simultaneously for actuating said operating elements, antifriction means between said revolving and oscillating element and said operating element, ball bearings, and a driven shaft running on said ball bearings and driving said revolving and oscillating element.

1 4. In a compressing pump, the combination of a casing composed of two heads and a cylindrical cover plate attached to said heads, a driving shaft journaled in said heads and ball bearings for said shaft and housings for said ball bearin s" attached to said heads, a swash plate rigidly mounted on said shaft at an anglerthereto, a plurality of compressing cylinders concentrically arranged about said shaft on both sides of said swash-plate and the open ends of said cylinders supported. in said heads, frame members supporting the outer ends of said cylinders, operating means in said cylinders operatively connected to said swash-plate for drawing air into said cylinders and compressing it and expelling it therefrom, and containers receiving the compressed air operatively connected to said cylinders.

5. In a pump, the combination ofmeans for compressing great quantities of fluid in relatively short definite. periods of time in-' eluding a driving shaft, a relatively large number of oppositely disposed operating elements for dividing the work of compressing the fluid, and a swash plate rigid with said shaft at an angle thereto and projecting loosely between said oppositely disposed elements for operating all of said elements constantly with relatively short rapidity.

6. In a pump, the combination of means for compressing great quantities of-fluid in relatively short definite periods of time including a driving shaft, a relatively, large number of oppositely disposed operating elements for dividing the work of compressing the fluid,- a swash plate rigid with said shaft at an angle thereto and projecting loosely pressed fluid.

strokes and with great between said oppositely disposed elements for operating all of said elements constantly with relatively short strokes and with great ra'- pidity, and means for cooling the compressed I and projecting loosely between sai oppositely disposed elements for operating all of said elements constantly with relatively short strokes and with great rapidity, means for cooling the compressed fluid, and means for drying the cooled compressed fluid.

8. In a pump, thecombination of means'for filtering fluid, means for compressing great quantities of fluid in relatively short definite periods of time including a driving shaft, a relatively large number of oppositely disposed operating elements, for dividing the work of compressing the fluid, and a swash plate rigid with said shaft at an angle thereto and projecting loosely between said oppositely disposed elements for operating all of said elements constantly with relatively short strokes and with great rapidity. I

9. Ina pump, the combination of means for filtering fluid, means for compressing great quantities of fluid in relatively short definite periods of time including a driving shaft, a-relatively large number of oppositely disposed operating elements for dividing the work of compressing the fluid, a swash plate rigid with said shaft at an angle thereto and projecting looselybetween said opposltely disposed elements'for operating all of said elements constantlywith relatively 'shortstrokes and with great rapidity, means ,for'directing the compressed fluid to a cool- 'ing means," and means for cooling the com-' 10. In a pump, the combination of means for filtering flu1d,-means for compressing great quantities of fluid in' relatively short definite .periods of time including a driving shaft, a relatively large numberof oppositely disposed operating elements for dividin the work of compressing the fluid, a'swas plate rigid with said shaft at an angle thereto andprojecting loosely between said oppositely disposed elements for opera ing all of said elements constantly with relatively short strokes and with great rapidity, means for directing the compressed fluid to a cooling means, means for cooling the compressed guig, and means for drying the compressed -11. In a device of the kind described, a

'of said shaft, pistons carried in said cylinders and having ballsoickets at the ends adjacent said swash plate balls in said sockets bearing on said swash plate, and sprin means holding said balls against said swas plate.

12. In a device of the kind described, a

shaft, a swash plate mounted onsaid shaft,

a pair of cylinders alined on opposite sides of said sha t, pistons carried in said cylinders and having ball Qslockets at the ends adjacent said swash p1ate',. balls in said sockets bearin g-on said swashifplate, collars on saidcylinthe swash plate ad havin dersand said ballso'ckets, and springs surrounding the cylinders and each bearing against the respective collars on a cylinder and its piston.

13., An air compressing pump 4 including a driven shaft, a series of pairs 0 compresslon cylindersarranged in alined pairs with the cylinders of each pair on op osite sides of the swash plate, intake 'cha'm rs each communicating with all] of (the c linders on a respective side of theswash p ate,1air,filtering means on the inlet side of said chambers,

plstons working insaid cylinders and having operative connection with said swash plate, and annular receiving chambers each surrounding the cylinders on a respective side of pi e connection with each other, each'of sai cylinders having valved port communication with a respective receiving chamber.

In testimony whereof I set my hand this 18th day of January, 1930.

PARL O. ECKELS.

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