US1856501A - Coke oven - Google Patents

Description

May 3, 1932. F, TTZEK 1,856,501

v COKE OVEN Filed Jan. 16, 1951 3 Sheets-.Sheet l babab bab F. TOTZEK May 3, 1932.

COKE OVEN Filed Jan. 16, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 mdmmdmdmdmmdmdmdms F. TOTZEK May 3, 1932.

COKE OVEN 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan, 16, 1951 M Egel.'

)Y Ai Patented May 3, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRIEDRICH TOTZEK, OF ESSEN-STOPPENBERG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE AS- jvi SIGNMENTS, T THE KOPPERS COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A.

CORPOBATON 0F DELAWARE COKE OVENV Application led January 16, 1931, Serial No. 509,084, and in Germany January 25, 1929.

The present invention consists of improvements iny or relating to regenerative coke ovens and in particular to such ovens having pairsof vertical heating flues in each heating "5 wall which are connected in series, in the directionk of the flow of the gas so that the gas flows up one flue of a pair and down the other. Asr is well known after a time the direction of flow is reversed, and the gas flows up the flue in which it previously flowed down, and down in the flow in which it previouslyflowed up.

According to one feature of the present invention a regenerative coke oven comprises *f a supply passage for rich gas, an exhaust passage for Waste gas.l and between them an intermediate passage open to the atmosphere.

, The invention is particularly applicable to the type of coke oven in which the passages 2i) for the supply of rich gas and the passages for the supply of air and removal of exhaust gases are situated parallel with one another in the oven sole. In ovens in which each heating flue receives air (when heating with rich gas) from two regenerators, and each exhaust ii'uey exhausts into two regenerators, the richv gas passageway will of necessity be close to. one ofthe exhaust passageways.

Under these circumstancesv expansion of the masonry is liable to introduce leaks and the rich gas may pass from the rich gas passage direct into the exhaust passage. Between the rich gas passage and the exhaust passage there will be a pressure difference due to the draught of the chimney tending to draw richk gas from the rich gas passageway into the exhaust passageway through any cracks that may occur.

Hitherto attempts have been made to remedy this dificulty, after the leaks have been discovered, by luting the passageways from the front of the oven. This is a lengthy and troublesome proceeding, and according to the present invention the intermediate passage LY is preferably formed so that packing may be introduced through it to fill any cracks between the rich gas passageway and the exhaust passageway.

The intermediate passage therefore has several functions. In the first place, it reduces-the pressure gradient along any leaks that may occur since the pressure in the intermediate passage will differ little from that in the rich gas passage, and therefore there will be little tendency for rich gas to escape. A slight leakage of air from the intermediate passage into the chimney will be of comparatively little importance. Secondly, such leaks can be stopped up by the introduction of packing means such .as a. line highly siliceous sand, a comparatively easy matter since the intermediate passage is open to the atmosphere. Moreover, the leaks tend to become blocked up automatically owing to the combustion with the air of any rich gas that escapes forming deposits of graphite which gradually stop up the leaks.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood a specific example thereof will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a longitudinal section on the line A-A of Figure 4 through a heating wall of ay coke oven and through a regenerator lying beneath the oven.

Figure 2 is a similar section on the line B-B of Figure 4.

F igure 3 is an enlarged section of the sole channels, the left half on the line C-C of'Figure 2, and the right half on the line D-D of'v Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a similar section on the same scale as Figures l and 2 showing the whole height of the oven.

Like reference numerals indicate like parts in all the figures.

As shown in Figures l and 4, the oven comprises oven chambers l below which are located regenerators which are divided into halves 3 and 4 by a central wall 2 running the whole length of the oven battery transverse to the lengths of the respective oven chambers.

At any moment all the regenerators on one side of this wall are serving to preheat while all those on the other side are being heated by exhaust gases. When heating with preheated weak gas the weak gas is supplied to alternate regenerators on one side of the wall 2 while air is supplied to the remaining regenerators on the same side of this wall. rIhus each heating flue is connected to be'supplied from or to exhaust into two adjacent regenerators. Y Y

As shown in Figure, the vertical heating lues 10 are connected in pairs each pair consisting of a iiue 10a and a iue 10?) connected to one another at their upper end so that gas can flow up one and down the other. The lues 10a lying in the left halt of the heating wall are each supplied directly from two adjacent regenerators 3 through passages 6. rlhe Ilues 10a in the right half of the heating wall aresupplied from the same two regenerators 3 through extension passageways 7 and branch passageways 8. The'tlues 10b in the left handY half of theA wall similarly exhaust through passageways 13 and extension passageways 14 into regenerators 4,7 while these 10"?) in the right hand half ot the wall exhaust direct through passageways 12 into the regenerators il. It will be appreciated that after a time the direction of How oi the gases is reversed. When heating with rich gas air is supplied to all the regenerators 3 and the rich gas is supplied by passages 9 shown in Figures 1 and 3. `After reversal of the gas iiow rich gas is supplied through the passages 11.

It' will be appreciated that when rich gas is ybeing supplied' to the passages 9 exhaust gases are being removed through the extension passages 14 and the regenerators 4. A pressure dii-'ference will exist between the rich das supply and the exhaust and since the passages are close together leaks may occur and the rich gas may pass straight to the exhaust. u

For this reason according to the present invention compensating passages 16 are provided round the rich gas passages 9V and 11. These passages are provided by individually shaped blocks and run the whole length of the oven wall and are open at one end for packing. The pressure in these channels differs little from that in the rich gas passages and therefore there is little tendency for rich gas to escape. The passages 16 are made large enough to enable such leaks as do occur to be stopped up by introducing fine highly siliceous sand from the front of the oven.

1. A coke oven comprising: a'series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row, each of said heating walls comprising combustion flues; regenerators below said series and communicating with the combustion lues.; a rich gas duct located between said regenerators and the lues in one of said heating walls'for conveying rich gas thereto; and a plurality of vent ducts open to the atmosphere andsituated between said series and said regenerators and parallel to and distributed around and adjacent the rich gas duct. j

2. A series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row, each of said heating walls comprising combustion flues; pairs of ref fenerators7 the regenerators of each pair being situated on opposite sides of a central wall transverse to the colring chambers of said series; ducts from each regenerator of a pair communicatingdirectly with heating lues in the halt of the wall above them; an extension duct from the upper inner end of each regenerator of a pair and lying above the companion regenerator oif the same pair; ducts from the extension ducts to tiues in the half of the heating wall lying above said companion regenerator; rich gas ducts in the soles of the coking chambers and lying adjacent said ex- Y tension ducts for conveying rich gas to said iiues; and vent compensating ducts between said series and said extension ducts arranged around each of saidrich gas ducts parallel thereto and adjacent thereto and open to the atmosphere; Y

3. A series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row, each of said heating walls comprising combustion flues; pairs of regenerators,V the regenerators of each pair being situated on opposite sides of a central wall transverse to the colringrchambers of said series; ducts from each regeneratorof a pair communicating directly with heating iiues in the half of the wall above them; an extension duct from theupper inner end of each regenerator of a pair passing scissorwise the similar extension duct of the companion regenerator of the same pair and lying above said companion regenerator; ducts from the extension ducts to iues in the half ofthe heating wall lying above said companion regenerator; rich gas ducts in the soles of the coking chambers and lying adjacent said extension ducts for conveying rich gas to said flues and vent compensating ducts between said series and said extension ducts arranged around each of said rich gas ducts parallel thereto and adjacent thereto and open to the atmosphere.

In testimony whereof I atiix my signature.

. FRIEDRICH TOTZEK.

Images