US1846180A - Surfacing tool - Google Patents

Description

Feb, 23, 1932. Q w. BLACK' 1,846,180

SURFACING TOOL 4ai 3./0 f 'l I4 Iza 25 illl. l

156 \J fai! 4 y sH/'orueys Fe. -21,3, 1932. n Q w, BLACK 4 1,846,180

SURFAGING TOOL Filed July 7, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ma@ 12e/9. 7

F' .4: ;l) /g V771 I. 1| n u Ewen-207' Patented F eb, 23, 1932 UNITED .STATES PATENTOFFICE Gannon W. BLAciQoF OLIVIA, mesura connective `roer.

application medi my 7, `1930. Serial No. 465,848.

scribed in the following specilication, made in connection with theacoompanying drawings,

wherein like reference characters refer tothe it" saine or similar parts throughout the various views, and, in which,

v Fig. 1 is a plan view illustrating the, cornploto tool, certain of the parts being broken away to more clearly show the construction 313 thereof;

Ffg. 2 is a viewin side elevation of the complete tool,` certain of the parts being broken away and the plane bottoni being illustrated in one position in full lines and in another4 position in dotted lines;

Fig. 3 is a View in side elevation of the tool set up `tor use as a scraper, theblade be'- ing shown in one position in full lnestfor scraijiing a surface indicated in full lines, and being shown in another' position in dotted lines for scraping a second surfaocindicated by dotted lines .i l

Fig. fi isy a vertical section taken on the line 1li-li of Fig. 2, as indicated by the arrows; e

Fig. 5 is a vertical seetiontalen on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2, as indicated by the arrows; n y

Fig. 6 is a plan View illustrating one type of plunebottorn that may be used; y

Fig. 7 is a -plan view on areducedscale illnstratingia second type of plane bottoni thatinay beused; and v n Fig. 8 is a sectional view illustrating the cutter and cutter holder.

Referring to the drawings, in accordance with the present invention, a block S of substantially rectangular shape is provided hav ing secured thereto at its Lipper end asuit.- able handle 9 preferably of substantially C-shape as shown. The .block 8 is provided V with -a horizontal bore within which `fits "-a screw 10 secured at its forward endto acutter holder 11. The cutter holderdl corn` prises vmerely a straight bar set transveiselyfV relativeto the screw 1() and having forwardly and inwardly extending hookffportions with diagonal and bevelled edges at its two ends to receive a curved cutter 12 of substant1al-ly U-shape. AThecutter 12 is preferably formed fromhighgrade steelandis provid-Q` ed with what maybeternied forward` and rear sharpened, straight edge`sh312a and-12b` at its two ends. The-edge 12a `as `formed by providinga coni aratively narrow bevel at the forward en of theK cutter, while the" sharpenededge 12b is formed by providing a comparativelylong bevel at the rear end of the cutter. The edge 12b is, accordingly, morelike `a razor edge than is the edge 12a. The portion of the` cutter 12 immediately ad"- joining the edge 12o `is straightfor a short distance, while the` portion-of` the cutter adjoining the edge 12b is arcuately curved. It will be seen that the cutter V12 may be slidupf` wardly or` downwardly" in the holder 1l and that, accordingly, the angle `of inclination of the sharpened edges 12a and12b may be varied relative to theblock 8 and the level of the two edgescan be varied relative to each other.` It will also be understood that the cutter; 12fmay .be so disposedinlthe holder. 11 that the edge lais disposed most closely adjacent the block 8 in `place ofthe edge 12b. The` holder 11 is received in al transverse groove formed in a hollow hub lhaving a number of radial corrugations at its rear side which are adapted to -interfit with radial `corrugations formed on the forward side of the block 8. It will be understood that the groove in the hub` 13 will` prevent tiltl ing actionof the holder l1 and the cutter 12 relative to the hub 13 and that the` holder` and cutter can be held in any desired tilted? relationrelativeto theblock S by turning the hub 13 andthen engaging the` corrugations on the hub with the corrugations on theior` ward side of the block. Anut 14 tits on the screw-threadedrear end `of the screwilO and this 'nut when drawn uptightly against the rear side of the bloclr 8, will cause the holder 11 and cutter 12 to be drawn in a rearward direction, so that the forward end of the hub 13 bears against the cutter 12 and firmly and securely holds thesame in place in a. desired adjusted position.

VThe lower rear end of the lblock 8 is bored to receive a screw 15 which runs through a Y pair of comparatively heavy lugs lformed 10 on the rear ends of a ll-slia-ped--frame 17. The screw 15 forinsapivot for this frame to permit the frame to be swung forwardly and upwardly as from the dotted line position illustrated in Fig. 2, to thefull line position.

" {be'slid relative to the' frame -`17. The vforward end' ofthe'plane`V bottom` is equipped" with a short upwardly projecting curved flangel18b and the plane bottoni isprovided with a notch 180 at thepcentral portion of its rear lend to permit the frame 17 andv plane bottom18to be swung rearwardly past bloclr V8. "A slot 18d is provided ,in approximately the centralv portion of.` the plane 4bottom and one of the sharpened edges-ofthe cutter 12 sliding ino'vementjz'of the plai is Y adapted toi be' projected more` or less through the slot 18d1to ext-end below the bot' tomf plane surface of thefpla'ne bottomv when ity is forwardly swung.I The forwardcen, tralportionjof the frame 17 is recessed on.

its under surface tov receive r`therein a small rectangular lug 19 formed on thetop side ofv the plane bottom .18 adjacent itsforwardjend.

The recesslon 4the lower side of the frame 17 joins a rectangular` opening'la 4 formed at the forward central portion of the frame and a thumb screw 20 lits within a screw-threaded bore in the lug 19 and is `adapted to be turned down to clamp the forward. endiof the frame 17 tightly against the lug '19 and Vprevent relative slidingmovem'ent Vbe'tweeiitlie Yframe 17 and the plane bottom Y Theframe .17 at the sides of the openingfl'a is 'provided with` a pair .offspaced ears and pivoted these ears j is 'a yolte having a forwardI centrally extending screw. port-ion ongwhicn L e.. grooved nutV 23" is *screw-threaded. The

ooved nut V.28 is4 adapted to fit. within a' small fork 24C carried by the planebetteln118.-

' It will Vbe seen that"'sli"ding movement of` the plane bottom 18trelatire to the 'frame-17 may take place Whengtbe'thumb 2l) is loosened and sliding increment of the plane' bottom in a forward direction'froni the frame will be' limited vby engagement of 'thefthumh screw 20 with the poitionof tlieframe 17 forward of the .opening 17a w l le bottoni willl be limited by engagement ofthe lug 19 with of v frame 17.

liilef' rearward the portion ofthe fra-me 17 rearward of the opening 17 a. It will also be clearly understood that when. the nut 23 is fitted within the fork 24 andthe thumb screw 20 is loosened, the plane bottom 18 can be slid relative to the frame 17 by turning the nut 23. Small pointers 25 are preferably provided on the side flanges 18a1of the plane bottom and these pointers are adapted to register with aA series of smally spaced grooves ,176 4formed adjacent the two edges ofthe top side The relative sliding adjustment between the frame 17 and the plane 'bottom 18 canbe quickly and readily determined byA examining the position of the pointe'rs`25 relative tothe series of grooves 17 b. In order that the plane bottom 18 and frame Y17 mayfbefheld in'a desired swung position relative tothe block 8, a clamping nut 26 isscrewed fon Yto vone end of the screw 15. A

The tion; e at ai@ te@ Sides,V thereof Vis provided with pairs of apertured spaced ear's 8a, the aperture ing, at least,one ear at each side of' the block being screw-threaded. Screws 27 extend'through the apertures in the ears 8a andy thesefscrews' are equipped with lock ynuts 28. The said-screws 27 project downwardly below the ears 8a andformadjustable stops adapted to bear against the top surfaces of the lugs 16 to limitr the distance that the frame 17 and the plane bottom 18 carried thereby, can be swung upwardlyand forwardly relative tothe block 8. Also rthese screws 27. serve to form a fine adjustingV meansA for regulating thetiltof the 'cutter 12 and takefup the play between the pivot screw 145k andthe lugs 16 when the tool is infuse as aplane. -v4r The operationof the tool vis probably ob vious fromthe above description but may be briefly summarized as follows If it is desired to use the tool as a plane, the cutter12 may be set in the holder 11 so that either one of the sharpened edges 12a or 125 will extend rearwardly depending on the type of surface that is to'be planed. If a very s'moth ysurface is desired, the edge 12b will, preferably be usedg` while l if rougher work is required, the edge 12a will be used. Let iis assume that a very fine surface is desired on the wood to be planed. The cutter 12 will then beset Vso that the edge 12b projects downwardly through the slot 18d in the plane bottom. 'When the cutter has been adjustedintheholder 11,' Vso that the edge'12b projects downwardly belowth'e plane bottom 18 the desired distance,the nut 14 will be tightened to clamp the cutter firmly in place. Of course, the transverse tilt of theedge 12b will bedetermined by the `engagement of the corrugations on-the hub 1 3 in the proper'corrugations onthe forward side ofthe block 8.

the nut 23 after the thumb screw 20 has been loosened, the plane bottom 18 will be set so that the portion of the plane bottom adjacent the rear edge of the slot 18d abuts the cutter ...j 12 adjacent' the edge 126. `The thumb screw u 20 will then be tightened against the frame 1T to hold the frame 17 and plane bottom 18 in fixed relation relative to each other. The screws 27 will be set so that when the plane bottom` and frame have been swung forwardly to the desired position, the lower ends of the screws willabut the lugs 16'. The thumb nut 26 will be tightened on the screw 15 to piievent pivotal action of the plane bottom and the frame relative to the block 8. The tool can now be used as a plane and due to the curvature of the cutter 12 and to the long' bevel of the edge 12b, a fine razor-like cut will be produced on the `surface when the g, tool is pushed forwardly over the same. It`

will be seen that practically any desired adj ustment of the cutter 12 may be made so that either a light cut or a heavy cut can be made. The angle of inclination of the edge 12b can be varied to suit different requirements by a cooperative adjustment between the cutter 'l2 in the holder 11 and the nut 23 in the fork 24:. The edge 12a can be similarly adjusted for use through the slot 18d.

If it is desired to use the tool as a scraper, either the plane bottom 18 and frame 17 can be completely removed from the tool by loosening the nut 26 and withdrawing the screw 15, or the plane bottom 18 and frame f- 1T may be swung downwardly and rearward ly past the block 8 to be out of the way of the cutter. Either one of the edges 12a or 12b can then be adjusted in the holder 11 for use as a scraping edge. When the tool is used as a scraper, it will be drawn over the surface that it is desired to be scraped in a direction towards the user. In Fig. 3, the tool in use a scraper with the plane bottom 18, frame 1T, screw 15 and nut 26 removed is shown, one position of the cutter for use on a surface being shown in full lines, and a second position of the cutter for use on a second surface being shown in dotted lines.

It will be understood that different types "1 of plane bottoms can be substituted for the plane bottom 18. Thus in Fig. 7, a plane bottom 29 is shown which is similar to the plane bottom 18 in all respects with the exception that the plane bottom 29 is considerably longer than is the plane bottom 18, and

it is not provided with a notch similar' to the notch 180 in its rear end. When the plane bottom 2) is used, no swinging action of the plane bottom and frame 17 relative to the block 8 vabout the screw 15 as a pivot, is possible. The plane bot-tom 29 will preferably be used when the tool is to be operated as a jack plane, while the bottom 18 will be used when the plane is to be operated as an ordinary smoothing planeV or block plane.

The tool is quite'simple in construction and it has been successfully demonstrated in actualpractice. j

It will, ofcourse, be understoodthat various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the various parts without departing from the'scope.' of the presentk invention. ,i i What is yclaimed is i 1,\ A surfacing tool, comprisinga block, a cutter having a sharpened edge mounted on said bloc-k, abottom member pivoted to said block and adapted to project forwardly there,` from and throughwhich the sharpened edge of said cutter isadapted to extend, and means for holdingsaid bottom memberat a desired inclination relative to said block.

" 2. A surfacing tool, comprising a block, a cutter having agsharpened edge, means `for mounting said cutter on. said block, a bottom member pivoted to said block and adapted to project forwardly therefrom and through? which the sharpened edge of said `cutter is adapted to project, means for var ingthe inclination of the sharpened edge o said cutter relative to sa-id block and means for holding said bottom member at a desired inclination relative to said block.` 'l

i 3p A surfacing tool, comprising a block,

`a cutterhaving asharpened edge, means for mounting said cutter-on said block so that the sharpened edge thereof will project below theblock, a member pivoted to said block and adapted lto project forwardly therefrom, a

plane bottom mounted on said member for sliding movement thereon, said plane bottom having a slot therein through`fwhich` the sharpened edge of said cutter may extend, and means for slidingsa-idbottomon said member. "j u 4. A surfacing tool comprising a block, a curved cutter havinga straight sharpened edge, a cutter holder mounted onsaidblock, a frame mounted on said block and projecting forwardl j therefrom, a plane bottom slid-` ably mounte on said frame andI having a slot therein through which the sharpened edge of said cutter projects and means for adjustably` sliding said bottom on said frame.

5, A surfacing tool comprising a blc` ck,a` curvedV cutter havinga straight sharpened edge,`a holder mounted on"said blockfor embracing said cutter, said cutter being slidable in said ,holder to vary the inclination of the shar ened edge thereof relative to the block anld also to vary the extension of the sharpened edge thereof below said block, a frame pivotally mounted on said block" and projecting forwardly therefrom, a plane bot` ing a slot therein through which `said cutter projects, `means for sliding `said bottom on said frame and means for tightening said holder against said cutter.

6. The structure defined in claim 5, and

tom slidably` mounted on said frame and hav-' stop means for preventingv said frame from beingi swung forwardly 'and' upwardly Tela# tive to said block beyond a certai-nfpoint.A

7; .'A-surfacingtool comprisingpa block, a

Y handle secured to said block, acurvedbutter Y having astraight sharpened edge, aholder mounted on saidoblock vandembracing said cutter, said cutter being slidable in said hold.

j er to vary the angle offi'nclinationfof the ,3- sharpened edge thereofrelative to said block n and to vary the distance of projection of its sharpened edge belowT said block', means "for tightening said holder against said cutter, 'a frame pivoted at-its rear end to-said block, a

15v plane bottom slidably mounted on saidframe andhaving a slot therein through which the sharpened edgel ofsaidl cutter is adapted to proj ect, means, foiyadjustably sliding said plane bottom ion said iframe, and meansfor 20 securing said frame to said Ablock atea desired forwardly projecting" angle relativetothe same.`- 1 Y Y Y Vg .o A. -,f8,A surfacing tool comprising a block, a handle secured to said block,`a cutter ofsub- 25 stantially Ufshape having sharpened straight Y forward and rear` edges, a holder mounted on said block and embracingsaid cutter, said cutter being slidable in said holder to vary the in clinationofkr the sharpened edges there- 3Q of relativeY to said block and to .vary the levels j p of the .tvvo sharpened edges relative to each other, means for tightening'said.v holder vztgainstsad cutter and a plane bottom pvotedto said block and havingY a slottherein 3.5; through Whichlone lof the sharpened edges of said cutter maybe extended Vwhen said plane bottom is swung forwardly, saidplane bottom being capable'of being swung rear-A wardly outof theWay of said cutter. o l

40j `9- A Surfacing tool comprising ablock, a cutter having a sharpened edge, aV bottom member pivoted to said block and having a transverse slot through which the sharpened edge ofsaidrcutter isadapted to be projected .45 and means for` supporting saidcutter on said block With its sharpened edgeat variousinl clinations relative to said bottom member and with its lower portion bearingagainst a portion of said bottomrmember adjacent said 1,0. A surfacing tool comprising a block, a cutterhaving a sharpened` edge, `a bottom member `secured to said block-andthrough Which the sharpened edge, of said lcutteris adapted to be projected, means for supporting said cutter on saidpblock with its sharp- Y ened vedge set at various inclinations relative tosaidbottom member longitudinally of said bottom member and? means for varyingk j 6@ the lateral tilt ofsaid `cutter relative to said bottom member. Y Y

. In testimony7 `whereof I affix myv signature,

GEORGE W.l BLACK

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