US1842464A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Description

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR Filed Feb. ll. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet -l l .l a

.p f E INVENTOR yaiav /kel'j Q: ,7MWM

ATTORNEYS Jan. 26, 1932. E. TEE MEERr 1,842,464

GENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR Filed Feb. 11, 1930 sheets-sheet 2 Jan. 26, 1932. y G. TER MEER- 1,842,464

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR Filed Feb. 11,1930 ssheets-sheet s,

INVENTOR G'ms'hv IIe/'Meel' @www1/4M ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 26, 1932 UNITED STATES GUSTAV TER MEER, OF MUNICH, `GilLIRMA1\TY,

.ASSIGNOR TO ALBERT T. OTTO & SONS, OF

NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK CENTRIFU'GAL SEPAIRA'IOB Application filed February 11, 1930, Serial No.

This invention is an improvement in centrifugal machines of the type in which liquid and solid materials are separated by centrifugal action and in which the charge is continuously delivered and the solid matter intermittently discharged.

The main obj ect of the invention is to secure a large capacity for the charge to be dried whereby the raw material may be delivered to the apparatus at a substantially constant rate.

A further object is to provide means whereby the size of the charge may Ibe varied through a comparatively wide range Without interruption of the operation of the apparatus in order to secure a fixed degree of dehydration even though the water content of the charge be variable.

A further ob `ect ofthe invention is to so design the parts that the solid matter to be dried is subjected to the minimum agitation so as to avoid unintentional breaking up or pulverizing of the solid material.

These and other objects may be secured by means of the apparatus disclosed in the accompanying drawings and which illustrate only two of various forms which my invention may assume.

ln these drawings: *f

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal vertical section of one form of' my improved apparatus, the upper part of the drum being shown in discharge position, while the lower half is shown in the normal or main operating position, l

Fig. 2 is a similar view of a second form, here again the upper half being shown in discharge position and the lower half in normal or operating position, said section being taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3, and

Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section, the upper half being on the line X-Y and the lower half being `on the line U-W .of Fig. 2.

The apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 includes a constantly rotating drum sieve A having a separate axially movable end wall B serving as a distributing member. This end wall is connected by piston rods 10 to a plurality of pistons or to an annular piston 11 mounted to reciprocate in corresponding 427,446, and in Germany February 13, 1929.

cylinders or c linder 12 secured to the main drive shaft The Huid for actuating the piston in opposite directions-at will may be delivered through passages in the shaft substantially as shown in my prior Patent 1,160,635, issued Nov. 16, 1915 and therefore need not here be described.

The material is fed to the drum by means of a suitable feed device D from a hopper S and through a conduit or chute H.

The axially movable end wall B includes a palr of annular spaced walls E1 and E2 which are rigidly connected together by braces R. The Wall E1 is imperforate and secured to the piston rods and substantially closely fits the drive shaft C. Its outer edge is spaced from the drum sieve A so as to permit the passage of material therebetween. The outer wall E2 is also of annular shape, but is space-d from the shaft C to leave an opening through which the conduit H extends and 4at its outer edge it closely en a es the drum sieve A. The ody portion o te wall E, is preferably substantially in a radial plane while the Wall E2 is conical so as to form an annular funnel shaped space F between the two walls and' into which the material is delivered and from which it passes at the narrowed eriphery to the drum sieve A. The Wall 4 2 is 0f such a character that liquid but not the solid material may pass therethrough and the chute H extends through the central aperture of the wall to such an extent that the material will be delivered into the space F irrelspective of the axial position of this wall 2.

In operation the funnel shaped space F is substantially lled with the material to be dehydrated and the walls El and E2 are in the position illustrated at the lower half of Fig. 1 and the drum and all of the parts within the drum sieve are rapidly rotated. There is a preliminary dehydration of the material in the space F by the action of the sieve or perforated wall E2 and the solid material collects at the outer narrow annular outlet of this space and crowds onto the drum sieve A where the final dehydration takes place.

The layer of material accumulating on the drum sieve will be of a'thickness indicated as K and which is dependent upon the distance between the periphery of the wall El and the drum sieve. This distance may be chosen according to the quality and pecularities of the material which is to be centrifuged.

The predetermined spacing of the wall E1L and the drum sieve A may be varied at will by placing one or more annular rings or extensions T on the periphery of the wall El.

If desired the apparatus may be provided with means whereby the solid material ac- 'cumulatino on the drum sieve may be Washed. s shown I provide an annular imperforate wall or drum a encircling the operating pistons and cylinders and rigidly connected thereto. This wall has inwardly directed flanges at its opposite end, the iange at the outer end being wider than that at the inner end. A pipe c for washing liquid terminates adjacent the inner surface of the drum a and is distributed over the inner surface of this drum by the action of centrifugal force. Liquid may overiow the narrow iange at the inner end and be thrown against the material on the drum sieve or the drum a may be provided with spray openings b through which the liquid is discharged by lcentrifugal force.

All of the rotatable parts may be enclosed in a housing L which receives the liquid thrown out from the drum sieve A as well as that thrown from the screen wall E2.

i This liquid may be collected at the bottom of the housing and discharge-d therefrom.

The sieve drum A at the end opposite to the distributing walls El, E2 is provided with outlet openings G for the solid mate'- rial. These may register with passages connected to or extending through the housing L. When the material which has accumulated on .the inner surface of the drum sieve A has been dried to the desired extent, iuid y may be admitted to actuate the piston and force the walls El, E2 toward the left from the position shown at the bottom of Fig. l to the piston shown at the top of Fig. 1. This will force`material along the surface of the drum sieve Where it will be thrown out iby centrifugal force through the openings G. The walls may then be restored to normal position, the entire operation taking place without interfering with the continuous rotation of the parts or the continuous delivery of material to the space F in which the predrying-takes place.

The braces R which connect the walls El and E2 are in the form of vanes forming ues therebetween so as to guide the material and to cause it to rotate with the drum and with the minimum amount of beating or breaking up.

The apparatus illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 operates in substantially the same way as that illustrated in Fig. 1, but differs therefrom in matters of design, details and arrangement of parts. Instead of having a plurality of pistons or an annular piston there is provided a single disc piston K.

which is connected to the center of the wall E1. Instead of delivering the material through an inclined chute H I have provided a conduit H which extends axially through the shaft and bearing so that the opening in the wall E2 may be very materially smaller. The washing attachment is omitted from the form shown in Fig. 2 and in order to prevent pren'lature discharge from the drum A and to prevent the material from falling away from the drum in case the speed of the machine is reduced, there-is Vprovided an inner wall O for the chamber containing the material being dried. This wall is connected to the periphery of the wall EJL and may have an outwardly turned flange at its outer edge which may engage with the end of the drum sieve A to close the discharge port G as shown at the bottom of Fig. 2 or may move away from said drum to open the port as shown at the top of Fig. 2.

In operation the discharge movement of the distributing plate B and its walls El,

E2 may be performed as frequently as may be desired depending upon the character of the material being treated. Each time it moves axially in one direction it pushes material along the drum and pushes a portion of the material beyond the drum so that it will be thrown out through the openings G. As the wall moves in the opposite direction the space which it uncovers will be filled with further material moving out from the space F. This back and forth movement may be only at rare intervals as the pressure of the material in the space F may continuously tend to slide the material along the drum A to the discharge ports or the distributing wall may be moved back and forth continuously. The length of the stroke of the reciprocating parts may be controlled if desired by means of adjustable stops in the path of the movementof the actuating piston. In Fig. 2 I have shown such a space Q, threaded through the end wall of the cylinder; Similar stops may, of course, be used with the form shown in Fig. 1.

I. have illustrated the device as mounted with its axis horizontal and this is preferably the position, but it will be obvious that the same principle of operation might be employed in a device constructed with a vertical axis of rotation.

In the construction illustrated it will be noted that the range of the distributing mem-v ber which includes the walls E1 and E2 is very materially less than the effective 1ength ot' the drum sieve. Therefore the material is pushed along the drum intermittently or step by step. The distributing member may llO form thickness of material on the latter.

The size of-the openings in the reticulated walls A and E; may depend upon the character of the material being treated. They 'should be such that the liquid can pass p through but the solid cannot.

The distributing member is, of course, rotated with the shaft by means of its connection to the cylinder block whilethe drum may be connected to the shafvt in any suitable manner as for instance by an end wall P attached to the periphery of the cylinder as shown in Fig.l 2 or the water chamber wall a as shown in Fig.- 1.

Having thus described `my invention, what 4 I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A centrifugal machine having a reticulated peripheral Wall, a distributing member having annular axially spaced walls forming a chamber therebetween, the outer wall con'- tacting with said peripheral wall and the inner wall being spaced therefrom, means for delivering material to be treated to said space, and means for effecting a relative axial movement of said peripheral wall and distributing member.

2. A centrifugal machine having a reticu lated peripheral Wall, a distributing member having annular axially spaced Walls forming a chamber therebetween, the outer wall contacting with said peripheral wall and the inner wall being spaced therefrom, means for continuously delivering material to be treated to said space, and means for effecting a relative axial movement of said peripheral wall and distributing member.

p 3. A centrifugal machineincluding a drum sieve havin al discharge opening at'one end thereof, a istributing member including a pair of walls axially spaced to provide a re.- peiving chamber for the material to be treated, the outer wall being substantially conical and having its periphery engaging said sieve and the inner wall having its periphery spaced from said sieve to a predetermined distance to control the thickness of the layer of material accumulating on said sieve, and means for eecting a relative axial movement of said sieve and said member.

4. A centrifugal machine as defined in claim 3 in which a portion of the conical Wall is reticulated to permit predrying of the material between-zl said walls.

5. A centrifugal machine having a peripheral wall, an annular, substantially conical end wall having its periphery engaging the peripheral wall and having an opening at its center through which the material to be dried is introduced, means for reciprocating said end wall, and a conduit projecting through said opening to a point beyond the limiting movement of said end wall.

6. A centrifugal machine including a reticulated peripheral wall, a distributing meml ber including spaced annular walls, the outer edge of the outer wall engaging the peripheral wall and the outer edge of the inner wall being spaced from .the peripheral wall, and means for varying the effective distance between said peripheral wall and the inner edge of the inner wall of-said distributing member.

7. A centrifugal machine including a reticulated peripheral wall, a distributing member including spaced annular walls, the outer edge of the outer wall engaging the peripheral wall and the outer edge of the inner wall being spaced from the peripheral Wall, and a removable ring for varying the distance between the outer edge of said inner wall and said peripheral Wall to control the thickness of the layer of material accumulating on the peripheral wall.

8. A centrifugal machine including a reticulated peripheral Wall having a discharge outlet for solid material at one end, and a distributing member at the other end, said distributing member including a pair of spaced annularwalls, the outer edge ofthe outer wall engaging said peripheral wall and the inner edge of the inner wall being spaced from said peripheral Wall, means for effecting relative longitudinal movement of said distributing member and said peripheralwall, and an annular Wall within said peripheral wall and spaced therefrom and secured to the inner wall of said distributing member, said annular wall having means for opening and closing said discharge outlet by said relative longitudinal movement.

Signed at Munich, Germany, this 27th day of January, A. D.1930.

DR. Ine..4 GUSTAV TER MEER.

Images