US1839057A - Rotary heat interchanger - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 29, 1931. A. SINGRUN 1,839,057

ROTARY HEAT INTERCHANGER Filed Aug. 21, 1950 1 W W rm/w guys.

Patented Dec. 29, 1931v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIfiE ROTARY HEAT INTERCHANGER Application filed August 21, 1930, Serial- No. 476,919, and in France August 29, 1928.

My invention relates to improvements in heat interchangers comprising a rotary container turning in a liquid which is to receive heat from the contents of said container or to give up heat thereto.

The purpose of my invention is to increase the surface through which said calorific interchanges takes place without increasing the {external volume or the dimensions of the heat interchanger.

To that effect, one or several tubular elements are disposed inside the rotary container, said elements being not in communication with said container but opening at both ends into the liquid surrounding said container, so that said liquid may flow through said tubes owing to the rotary motion of said container.

The circulation of the external liquid through the tubular element or elements is preferably obtained through the centrifugal force resulting from the motion of the rotary container.

To that effect, it is for instance possible to'dispose the ends of the tubular element or elements at unequal distances from the axis of rotation of the container, or to provide at one of the ends of said tubular element or elements a constantly renewed quantity of external liquid under pressure, said pressure being exerted by the centrifugal force. Obviously, both means can be combined.

My invention also applies to rotary heat interchangers in which the contents of am- 'tary container is to giveup heat to a gaseous fluid surrounding said container or to receive heat therefrom.

In that case also, the centrifugal force may be used for circulatin through the tubular elements the gaseous uid that is to cool or to heat the contents of the rotary container.

My invention may advantageouslybe applied to rotary refrigerating apparatus of the well known type comprising a closed rotor. It is in connection with said apparatus that my invention will be described with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

' Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of one of the rotary containers (condenser or vaporizer) of such a machine.

' Fig. 2 shows another invention.

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment in which the axis of rotation isvertical.

Figs. 4 and 5 are a cross section and a lon- 56 gitudinal section respectively of still another embodiment of my invention.

Of course the elements that are not of interest in connection with the present invention have not been shown in the appended drawings.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the body 1 of the interchanger, which is closedby a bulging end-piece 2, is provided with a coil 10 applied against the inner wall of said 45 body. One of the ends 11 of said coil is connected with a revolving circular channel 3 provided between said end-piece 2 and an annular diaphragm 3, made integral with said end-piece. The other end 12 of said coil is more distant from the axis of rotation of body 1 than the first mentioned end 11. The other end 12 opens, more or less transversally with respect to the axis of rotation 8, into the vessel 5 containing the liquid 6 that is 76 to cool the contents of body 1 or to be cooled thereby.

The dimensions of the annular diaphra 3 are such that the inner edge of said diaphragm is substantially nearer the axis of 80 rotation 8 than is the end 11 of coil 10.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the level of the liquid in vessel 5 in which is located body 1 is considerably above the lowest point of the inner edge of diaphragm 3, so that said liq- 35 uid is fed directly into channel 3.

However, if container 1 revolves at a high Working speed, this arrangement could roduce, through an exaggerated stirring of the liquid, an overflow of said liquid from the vessel. In such cases it is possible to avoid any such inconvenience by providing a diaphragm of such size that the lowest point of the inner edge thereof is located above the level of liquid 6 (Figs. 4 and 5).

In order to feed liquid into channel 3, one may use the method which consisw in receiving into a space adjacent cover 7 and limited by a partition 7 a certain quantity of liquid projected by the rotary container 1 against embodiment of my the circumferential channel 3 is always kept full of the external liquid 6, the motion of which together with the revolving container may be facilitated by the provision of one or several blades such as 4.

The centrifugal force exerts a certain pressure on the liquid contained in channel 3 so as to force said liquid into coil 10, while it produces a suction at the other end 12. It results therefrom that the liquid 6, constantly fed through channel 3, flows through coil 10 in a continuous manner.

In other words, coil 10 is always submerged in the liquid contained in body 1, and, as said coil is always full of the liquid 6 flowing through it, the whole of its surface is used in the best conditions for the thermic interchanges that take place between these two liquids. Cover 7 serves to prevent projections of liquid out of vessel 5.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the coil is replaced by tubes 10, parallel to axis 8 or more or less inclined with respect to said axis. These tubes open, like the aforesaid coil, on the one hand at 11 into channel 3, and on the other hand at 12 into the space surrounding body 1. However these tubes may also pass through the end-piece opposite endpiece 2, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. In this case both ends are at the same distance from the axis of rotation 8. But circulation of liquid through these tubes is ensured owing to the presence of a constantly renewed quantity of liquid in channel 3 on the left hand side of tubes 10. This quantity of liquid is submitted to the pressure exerted thereon by the centrifugal force.

The body 1 of Figure 3 is adapted to rotate about a vertical axis. In this case, the coil or coils 10, or the equivalent, open, on the one hand into a rotary central chamber 3 provided with blades 4 and communicating directly with vessel 5, and, on the other hand, into said vessel 5 itself, at the periphery of the rotary container. In this case also, the

circulation of liquid is produced and maintained by the centrifugal force.

The application of the improvement according to my invention to refrigerating machines having a closed rotor makes it possible to increase their efiiciency for a given size of machine. It makes it possible for the machine maker to substantially increase the output that was generally considered the limit for this type of machines.

When the heat interchanger is used With a gaseous fluid instead of a liquid for cooling or heating the contents of the rotary container, some special provisions have to be taken in order to take this change of fluid into account. The specific mass of a gaseous fluid being much less than that of a liquid, it becomes necessary, in order to increase the centrifugal force that is to circulate the gaseous fluid through the tubular elements, to increase the other factors of this force. For this purpose, one may, for instance, increase the respective distances of the inlet and outlet orifices of the tubular elements to the axis of rotation.

An arrangement that is particularly advantageous for this purpose consists in fixing to one of the end-pieces of the rotary container a chamber provided with blades converging from an intake located around the shaft of the machine toward the inlet orifices of the tubular elements, so as to form a kind of centrifugal fan discharging the fluid in said elements.

It is obvious that my invention can be given other specific forms than those above described and shown in the appended drawings, and that it can be applied not only to re rigerating machines having a closed rotor but to all heat interchangers having a rotary container in which a pressure or a depression can be produced, and which are adapted to the treatment of any fluid material. The axis of revolution of the rotary container could also, in some cases, have a position intermediate between the vertical and the horizontal.

Other changes in the arrangement, disposition or shape of the different elements of my device could be made without departing from the spirit of my invention as comprehended within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contain a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel, and a series of tubes disposed within said container, said tubes opening at both ends into the outer vessel at unequal distances from the axis of rotation of the rotary container, so that the fluid of the outer vessel is forced through said tubes by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

2. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contain a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel, a circular channel integral with said container and communicating with the outer vessel, a tubular element in said container communicating at one end with the circular channel and at the other end with the outer vessel, whereby the liquid in said channel is forced through said tubular element by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

3. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contain a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel, a circular channel integral with said container communicating with the outer vessel, and a coil disposed inside the container and adjacent the walls thereof and communicating at one end with the circular channel and at the other end with the outer vessel, whereby the liquid in said channel is forced through said coil by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

4:. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contained a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel, a circular channel integral with said container communicat-- ing with the outer vessel, a series of longitudinal tubes disposed within the container and adjacent the walls thereof, said tubes communicating at one end with the circular channel and at the other end with the outer vessel, whereby the liquid in said channel is forced through said tubes by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

5. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contain a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel, a circular channel integral with said container and provided with an axial opening, part of which is located below the level of the liquid in the outer vessel, and a tubular element in said container communicating at one end with the circular channel and at the other end with the outer vessel, whereby the fluid in said channel is forced through-said tubular element by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

6. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted 'to contain a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel, a circular channel integral with said container and provided with an axial opening, part of which is located below the level of the liquid in the outer vessel, and a coil disposed inside the container and adjacent the walls thereof, communicating at one end with the circular channel and at the other end with the outer vessel whereby the fluid in said channel is forced through said coil by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

7. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contain a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel, a circular channel integral with said container and provided with an axial opening, art of which is located below the level 0 the liquid in the outer vessel, and a series of longitudinal tubes disposed inside the container and adjacent the walls thereof, and communicatin at one end with the circular channel and other end with the outer vemel, whereby the central recess communicatin 1i uid in said channel is forced through said tu s by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

8. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contain a liquid, a rotary container within said vessel, a circular channel integral with said container and provided with an axial opening located above the level of the liquid in the outer vessel, 9. cover mounted on the outer vessel, a partition disposed adjacent said cover so as to receive the liquid projected by the rotary container, a pipe passing through the axial opening for connecting the space between the cover and said partition with the circular channel, and a tubular element in the container communicating at one end with the circular channel and at the other end with the outer vessel, whereb the liquid in said channel is forced throng said tubular element by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the container.

9. A heat interchanger comprising an outer vessel adapted to contain a fluid, a rotary container within said vessel ada ted to turn about a vertical axis and provided with a with said outer vessel, rotary blades in sai recess integral with said container, a tubular element carried by the rotary container and extending therethrough for connecting said recess to the part of the outer vessel' ad acent the periphery of the rotary container, so that fluid is forced throu h said tubular element by the centrifugal Force resulting from the rotation of the rotary container.

In testimony whereof name to this specification.

ALBERT sINGRUN.

l have signed my at the

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