US1827255A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 13, 1931. v NELSON 1,827,255

CARBURETOR Filed April 350. 1929 FIG. 5

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HENRY E NEL 501V fir TDRNEK Patented Oct. 13, 193 1" c amen; NELSON, or MUNC-IE, mamma Ass reivon on ons-return 1 Roman a E.

* 'ivrooauyor' muncmmnmna a 1 a oARBUan'ron Application nia Apri130, l929a 'serialNo, 359,219. I 1

i This inventionrelates to improvementsin carburetors, andihas reference more especial-. 1y to devices of this class which are intended for internal combustion engines of the type, used inautomobiles,-such engines being subject to operation at varying speeds: v Gasoline. being more responsive to. suetion than is air, there haslong been the problem of overcoming the tendencyof the fuel mixture to become too rich in gasolinecontent as the suction energy acting through the fuel chamber is increased by the speeding 'engine. ,7 a An advantage sought'for in c'arburetion for engines of the class referred to, is

sistency regardless of the variation of the engine speed 9 i e I am aware that in the effort to" improve carburetion, means have been arranged with- Y in the carburetor, andiwithin the manifold,

I with the gasoline et; Such 7 v rangements, however, have not beenfojund .power, I waste of fuel, and carbon zing of the valve v i of "constitutingfailaredmouth'for the outlet for baffling, breaking up, mixing and difi'us ing the fuel elements; and also that secondary jets open to the airy have been compounded devices, and arsatisfactory, for the reason it is thought, that whereasthefuel elements may be Well bro ken 'up, interming1 ed and diffused, there re mains the ever present tendency of the fuel to become too rich in gasoline. content,'icoincidently; with the speedingof the engine, the air entering the intake, having unrestricted flow and sweep byrjthe suction directly" through the fuel chamber." v I a Some of. the resultsjincident to the introe duction into the engine of such unbalanced mixture, are unsteady engine speed and abnormal wear of moving parts,

directly inside the carburetor, the flow of the gasoline and of the. air, in such manner that while not impeding the inflow to the carburetor of these two elements, there is I provided the usual nozzle '10.

overcome the tendency of a too accelerated flow of gasolme durmg ncrease of suction energy.

'e'ralfipa'rts of the invention; that the fuel mixture supplied for the values of: the engine cylinders, maybe of balanced 0on tive "position of the carburetor and the in take manifold through which the fuel is car 7 v lhe preferred embodiment of m invention, consists f of the new construction,

coinbinatiomjand arrangement of parts e deplied to them in the different views in; hich y 1 ."Figure, 1 is a side view' of a carburetor structure in which my inventionis embodied, j

portions of the wall of'the fuel chamber being-j'broken away, disclosing to view thes ev'-' v Figure 2 isa sect onal'topplan view taken' onthe l'ine.2j '2 in Figure 1;";

Figure 3 is a side1view',-'showingtherelaried tothe engine.

in connection with'a carburetor construction The invention is shownjapplied to practice,

of the generallywell'known' type which com-l her andvhalaring mouth n o which thefgasol' line jet is projected, there beingperforations j if n the portlons of the compartment distant ,from themouth, and a relatively small open;

ing or Zo'peni'ngs in ltheportion'jof the-com-. p' nwda ni t9 the m th h f In the carburetorstructure shown, the I "outle't" 1,"in" which is; operated the usual throttle valve 2, is oneand onehalf inches lindrical in cross section', and constitutes thev fuel chamber 4;,"thediame t-er thereof being 1,16 design'atesthefair'intakelopening'and '7 I,

7 designates the usual gasoline inlet tube.

Gasoline from the; cup portion of the carburetor enters the tube .7 through the usual 7 channel'9, At the outlet end of the 7 In combinat on withthefuel chamber and I the s id noz le; 1 provid a e rarbme jd nozzle, and carrying the spray forwardly, a

vice of the formation of an inverted cone and made of light sheet metal, preferably copper or brass. The base portion 11 of this compartment is of diameter to span the diameter of the fuel chamber, and the apex portion of the compartment is provided with a mouth 11a through which the nozzle is projected. 1

. In the base portion 11', and theportions 12a of the walls 12 of the compartment device, are provided perforations 13- and 14 respectively. The aggregate area of the aforesaid perforations is equal to an area not less than the cross section area of the outlet 1 of the fuel chamber, to permit of the flow freely from below of the maximum content capable of passing through the'said' outlet. The longitudinal extent of the area having the perforations 14, is about one-third of the length of the compartment.

At location relatively near the month 1160, I provide an aperture or apertures 15. These apertures are relatively small, and serve to permit of the ingress and egress of air in relatively small volume. IVhereas in carburetors as heretofore devised, the air flow proceeds directly through the chamber area, and in direct proxlmlty with the gasoline distinguishing feature of my invention is that the suction energy is controlled so that the usual intake and inflow of the air through inlet 6, and through the chamber 4, and the entry of thegasoline through nozzle 10. It is considered that as the air is drawn by the suction, through the perforations 13 and 14, and outlet 1, there is caused within the lower portion of the compartment device, a partial vacuum. 1

Such function. is performed by the compartment device, that while the flow of the gasoline through the nozzle 10 is free, and the suction energy of the engine is operatingwith full force through the air inlet 6, the suction force operating in the lower portion of thecompartment device is of relatively less degree.

Although the increasing force of the suction incident to speeding of theengine, draws through the outlet 1 and into the manifold a ration of increased amount, there is not a Moreover, the fuel composition leaving the carburetor will have been thoroughly mixed and homogenized. By thus obtaining a well balanced fuel composition, and being enabled to have such composition or mixture flowing uniformly, and being thoroughly homogenized before its entry into the manifold, there is the saving of fuel, and the increase of power at the same time.

The invention is economical of manufacture, and is not liable to become deranged or to get out of repair. I am aware that modifications may be made in the detailing of the several parts in conformity with conditions incident to providing the invention for engines of varied sizes and capacities, and in carburetors of varied structure. I Wish the invention to be construed as broadly as possible, within the scope thereof as delined in the appended claims.

What I claim as my invention and desire: to secure by Letters Patent is' 1; In a carburetor, having its air intake opening intercommunicating with the fuel chamber, a cone shaped compartment device retained with its base portion adjacent to the outlet and to span the bore of the fuel chamber, the head portion of the compartment device having a mouth into which the gasoline nozzle of the carburetor projects there being perforations in the base portion and in the portions of the walls adjacent to the base portion of the compartment, and there being apertures of relatively small size near the said mouth.

2. In a carburetor,a fuel chamber of diameter in cross section greater than the diameter of the outlet thereof, a coneshaped compartment "device retained with its base portion to span the bore of the fuel chamber, and its head portion having a mouth. into which the gasoline nozzle of the carburetor projects there being perforations in the base portion and in the portion of the walls adjacent to the base portion of the compartment, and there being apertures of relatively small size near the said mouth.

3. In a carburetor having its air intake opening intercommunicating with the fuel chamber, a compartment device having convergent sides, and at the peak portion thereof there being a mouth into which the gasoline nozzle of the carburetor discharges, the base portion of the compartment and the portions of the walls adjacent thereto being provided with perforations, and there being apertures of relatively small size near said mouth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HENRY F. NELSON.

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