US1826111A - Hollow concrete wall construction - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 6, 1931; 3, w. w s 1,826,111

E'IOLLOW CONCRETE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 13,. 1.927

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//7 yen/0r W4 Ll/(JAM Patented Oct. 6, 1931 PATENT OFFECE GEORGE WESLEY WILLIAMS, 0F BURLINGAIVTE, CALIFORNIA HOLLQW CONCRETE WALL CONSTRUCTIGN Application filed September 13, 1927. Serial No. 219,305.

The object of my invention is to make possible a durable, fire-proof, building construc- *tion, using concrete or some other non-combustible material with similar properties tend in so doing to eliminate the customary wooden forms, re-enforcing steel, etc., at present used; also to materially reduce the amount of material required by making hollow walls; and also to greatly reduce labor costs by eliminating a number ofoperations at pres- 'ent required in frame, brick, hollow tile, con crete block, or concrete building construction. In addition, the special shape of the forms makes possible their easy transportation while occupying a minimum of space.

In general, my invention differs from the ordinary method of concrete construction in that the concrete is plastered on the re-enforcing material which is previously set in place in the manner described in this specification and the accompanying drawings.

The unit of my invention is a specially designed form, rectangular in shape andabout 2 feet wide and 9 feet long, and may be composed of wire, steel, paper or expanded metal, or a combination of any materials so designed that cement plaster or other similar material, when applied to the form in the customary manner by plasterers, or shot into place by the concrete gun method, will stick to the form, harden and be re-enforced by it.

For the-purpose of better explaining my method of construction, I am using one of the possible materials for the forms-namely, a welded wire fabric, Wire 2 on centers, with a'water-proof paper backing so designed that V the paper is held away from the wire fabric and forms backing for the plaster material while the wire fabric holdsit in place and reenforces it. This material, when made into forms as hereinafter described, is very adaptable to the use I have in mind. a

Figure 1 is a horizontal plan view of the device; 7

Figure 2 is another horizontal plan view showing studs used with the device;

Figure 3 is a section along the line A-A of Figurel;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of a portion of the device; and

Figure 5 is a sectional View along the line BB of Figure 1. v

The unit of my invention 8, on the drawings, is composed of a single sheet of welded wire fabric 4, described above, with paper backing 3 attached, also describedthe sheet being approximately 2 feet wide and 9 feet long, but both width and length being subject to variation, depending on the type, strength, and design of the structure to be erected.

The fabric of each unit is bent on one edge at the points 12 and 9, Fig. 1, both these bends being in the same direction-the bend at 9 making the wire fabric at the edge extend at right angles to the main face of the unit. On the other edge of each unit, the wire fabric is bent at the points 10 and 11, Fig. 1. The bend at 10 extends in the same direction from the main face of the unit as the bend at 12 at the other edge of the form. The bend at 11 however returns at a sharp angle to the main face of the form, opposite in direction from the bend at 9 at the other edge of the form, but still at right angles to the main face.

Two units, when secured to'opposite sides of wooden top and bottom plates, 5, y (or plates of other materials) make a hollow rectangular shaped form, beveled in at the edges (see 13-13, Fig. 1).

For the purpose of further explanation, the hollow rectangular form made oftwo units placed as above described and shown in Fig. 1, shall be referred to as BB.

Similarly whenother rectangular hollow forms, BB are secured to the same plates and spaced as shown at AA, Fig. 1, a hollow partition is formed with V-shaped depressions between the hollow rectangular shaped forms BB. These depressions occur on each side of a partition. The spacing between the hollow rectangular forms, B-B at AA, Fig. 1, canbe varied from no space at all to as much as required to ob tain the strength desired. The width of the plates 5 govern the amount of hollow space 1 between the units 8.

It will be noted that'in each V-shaped opening, formed as above described, one end of each of the units forming B-B projects into the center of the V. The object here is to form a strong tie between the walls on each side of the hollow space 1, and is accomplished when the plaster is applied to the forms. The V depression formed at AA by two of the hollow rectangular forms BB when plastered make I-shaped columns which tie the walls one to the other and provide the strength necessary to support what goes above The depressions, by being V-shaped, makes it easy to apply the plaster material and the part of the form projecting into the V makes the tie complete. By spacing the hollow rectangular units at various intervals, the strength of the I-shaped column can be varied from a column in the center of several inches in width of merely the wire fabric composing the units. The size of the wire in the fabric can be varied to obtain the strength desired. The number of coats of plaster applied on the fabric will depend upon the strength desired.

lVhcre openings occur, single or double studs, 6, Fig. 2, may be inserted to form the necessary nailing to secure steel sash, wooden frame, casings, cases, etc., as is generally used in frame construction, or for nailing blocks, as in concrete construction. Units can be made for this purpose that are bent only on one edge, orthe regular units can be cut as de sired on the job.

Fig. 3 shows a. vertical cross section of two units secured to both sides of the top plates. It will be noted. where the plates occur the wire fabric continues through the bending as heretofore described occurring in between the plates. Single plates are used at the bottom and double plates at the top. The object of the extra plate at the top is to aid in securing partitions to each other. here concrete is to compose the floor above, the regular unit may be usedthe floor resting on the top plate, or if desired, the top plate may be omitted and concrete poured in its place. The last method makes a concrete beam, the width and thickness of the plate omitted. Also, where a concrete floor is to be placed above, the forms may be made to provide for a single top plate and a single bottom plate, in which case Fig. 5 applies. The purposes of the plates is to hold the units together, provide a means of joining partitions, and to provide a foundation for the floor or joist or whatever may be placed above.

Fig. 4 shows a view of the welded wire fabric at point of securing same to the top plates. Beneath the plates, the unit isbent as above deseribedat the plates, it continues through on th same plane. 7 represents the lines at which the wire fabric is bent between the plates to form the V. 9 and 11 represent the lines where the units make the second bend between the plates.

The bends in the units, aside from the purposes of same set forth above, give rigidity to the units. Concrete, wood joists, steel joists, rafters or other units may be secured to the tops of these partitions, thus formed the same as in frame or concrete construction.

I claim:

1. A hollow concrete wall comprising supporting framework at. the top and bottom of the wall, hollow forms interposed between said framework, said forms extending on the outsides of said framework and having inclined ends extending between the framework for forming recesses, means for securing said forms to the framework, and concrete applied to the exterior surface of said forms and filling the recesses, the concrete in said recesses when hardened forming supporting columns.

2. A; self-supporting form comprising two identical halves, each having a flat portion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wall framework, and inclined portions of less height than the first-named portion so as to extend between the wall framework, the inclined portions having laterally projecting ends, one set of ends extending in a direction opposite to the other set carried by the same form.

A self-supporting form comprising two identical halves, each having a flat portion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wall framework and inclined portions of less height than the first-named portion so as to extend between the wall framework, the inclined portions having laterally projecting ends, one set of ends extending in a direction opposite to the other set carriedby the same form, and back disposed on the interior of each half for preventing cementitious mixture from filling up the interior of the form.

4. A hollow concrete wall comprising a plurality of self-supporting fern-1s, each formbeing composed of two identical halves, the ends of each form having portions inclined toward each other and having flanges extending at an angle, the flanges at one end of each form extending in a direction opposite to those of the other ends, and a eementitious material enclosing the forms.

5. A hollow concrete wall comprising a plurality of self-supporting forms abutting each other, each form being composed of two identical halves, said halves having laterally extending integral end portions, one pair of end portions extending in an opposite direction to the other pair, and a ccmentitious material covering the forms.

6. A hollow concrete wall construction comprising a plurality of forms abutting one another, each. form having two identical metal halves that are spaced one from the other, the vertical edges of the halves being bent so as to extend toward the outside of the wall, and concrete enclosing the forms and imbedding the bent edges whereby the concrete is reinforced by the bent edges.

7. A hollow concrete wall construction comprising a plurality of forms abutting one another, each form consisting of two metallic halves, each half having inclined portions, the inclined portions of the abutting forms forming recesses, the edges of said halves having portions extending into the recesses, concrete covering the outer sides of the forms and filling the recesses, said concrete imbedding the portions extending into the recesses, whereby reinforced concrete columns are provided in the recesses.

8. A self-supporting form comprising two halves, each having a flat portion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wall framework, and inclined portions of less height than the first-named portion and projecting therefrom said inclined portions extending between the wall framework.

9. A self-supporting form comprising two halves, each having a flat portion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wall framework, inclined portions of less height than the first-named portion so as to extend between the wall framework, and backing disposed on the interior of each half for preventing a cementitious mixture from filling up the interior of the form.

10. A hollow concrete wall construction comprising a plurality of forms abutting one another, each form consisting of two halves, each half having inclined portions, the inclined portions of the abutting forms forming recesses, the edges of said halves having portions extending into the recesses, concrete covering the outer sides of the forms and filling the recesses, said concrete imbedding the portions extending into the recesses, whereby reinforced concrete columns are provided in the recesses.

11. A form comprising two identical halves having flat bodies to which ends are attached at an oblique angle, said ends having end portions extending substantially at right angles to the flat body portions.

GEORGE WESLEY WILLIAMS.

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