US1824527A - Refrigerating system - Google Patents

Description

Sept 22, 1931. c. 6. EACH 1,824,527

REFRIGERAT ING SYSTEM Filed June 29, 1928 INVENTOR.

iwa M Patented Sept. 22, 1931 UNITED s'mxras PATENT OFFICE CHARLES G. BACK, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 T HE VETER MANUFAC- TURING COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN BEFRIGEBATING SYSTEH Application filed June 2a, 1928. Serial No. 289,103.

This invention relates to improvements in refrigerating systems.

Heretofore, refrigerating systems have been constructed with a cooling unit comprising a single length of piping in the form of-a coil, extending between the liquid header and the suction header. In this ty e of device the liquid ammonia from the liquid header has to pass through the entire length of the coil before reaching the suction header. In

practice it is found that the refrigerant changes into a gaseous form before at reaches to provide a refrigerating system having a cooling unit which is effective throughout for cooling purposes.

It is a more specific object of this invent on to provide a cooling unit in which a plurallty of short pipes are used to carry the ammonia from the liquid header to the suction header.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a refrigerating system in which a novel combination of parts is used to render the system very efficient in operation.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a refrigerating system in which the liquid refrigerant is pre-cooled before entering the accumulator, the said pre-coohng being done at high suction pressure to afford greater economy of operation.

It is a further object of this inventlon to provide a refrigerating system which is simple in construction and well adapted for the purpose described.

With the above and other ob ects in view, the invention consists of the improved refrigerating system and all its parts and combinations as set forth in the claims and all equivalents thereof. 0

In the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference characters designate the same parts in all of the views:

' Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the system, parts being broken away; a

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1, parts being broken away; and

Fig.3 is a section taken on line 33 of Fig. 1, parts being broken awa Referring to the drawings, the numeral 5 designates a liquid refrigerant receiving tank which has extending therefrom a pipe 6. A supply pipe 7 is connected to the pipe 6, and the flow therefrom is controlled by-a valve 8. A valve 9 in the pipe line 6 controls the flow from the liquid receiving tank. The upper end of the pipe 6 is connected to a float tank 10, the latter having pipes 11 and 12 extendmg from it to agravity tank 13. The float tank is adaptedto regulate the height of the liquid in the gravity tank.

The gravity tank has a pipeline 14 extending to the liquid header 15 on a forecooler 16, the latter being constructed of short lengths of pi es extending between the headers 15 and 1 From the suction header 17 on the forecooler, a pipe line 18 extends back to the gravity tank. The gravity tank is also con- 7 nected to the high pressure suction line 19 which connects with the refrigerant compressor (not shown). From the lower portion of the gravity tank a liquid line 20 extends to the suction accumulator 21,

The suction accumulatoris in the form of a tank and has extending therein a pipe 22 lead- .ing from asuction header 23, and a pipe 24 leading to a 1i uid header 25. Extending from the suction eader 23 is a plurality of extension headers 26. Connecting the headers 26 and headers 27 at the other end is a plurality of pipes 28. Extension headers 29 connect with the header 25, and pipes 30 extend between the headers 29 and 27. The above described pipes and headers constitute the cooling unit. The forecooler 16 embodies substantially the same details of construction.

An opening 31 in the upper 'ortion of the suction accumulator is fitted or connection with a low pressure suction pipe 32 which leads to the refrigerant compressor. Two compressors (not shown) are tobe used in the system, one for high ressure gas to be connected with the pipe line 19, and one for low pressure gas to be connected with the pipe 32.

The operation of the system is as follows: The liquid ammonia from the liquid receiver 5 flows through the pipe 6 to the float tank 10. The latter controls the height of the liquid in the gravity tank. After it is released from the condensor pressure, part of the liquid ammonia or other refrigerant cools itself to a temperature which is inversely proportional to the 'amount of suction pressure carried. By using a high suction pressure, it is possible to accomplish refrigeration more economically than would be possible if the cooling were done under low suction pressure. From the gravity tank some of the liquid flows to the forecooler 16 through the pipe 14. The liquid ammonia, flowing through the forecooler coils, extracts heat from the water trickling over said coils, and in so doing the ammonia becomes vaporized, the gas formed returning to the gravity tank through the pipe 18. Due to the economy possible, this cooling of the water is done with high suction pressure. The line 20 from the gravity tank conducts liquid ammonia to the suction accumulator 21 and the flow is controlled by a valve 20'. After the liquid refrigerant has been released from the high to the low suction pressure, the liquid cools itself from a temperature corresponding to=the high suction pressure to a temperature corresponding to the low suction pressure. The liquid is temporarily stored in the lower portion of the accumulator and from there it flows by gravity into the pipe 24 and header 25, flowing through the pipes 30 to the headers 27.

From the headers 27 the liquid is divided up and passes through the pipes 28 to the headers 26. By employing a plurality of short pipes 28, the liquid ammonia can travel to the headers 26 before a substantial part of it has vaporized, and consequently the coils 28 and 30 are effective throughout their length. In the old type of device where a continuous coil is used, and all of the liquid ammonia must pass in a circuitous route through this one coil, the upper portion of the coil is practically useless for cooling purposes, due to the vaporization of the ammonia before it reaches the suction header.

From the header 26 the ammonia, changing to a gaseous state, passes through the pipe 22 into the suction accumulator where it rises to the top of the tank to the outlet 31 leading to the compressor.

From the foregoing description it may be seen that the improved refrigerating device is simple in construction, effective in operation, and well adapted for the purpose described.

What I claim is:

1. A cooling unit for a refrigerating system comprising a liquid header, a plurality of extension headers extending from said liquid header, a plurality of other headers spaced tension headers with one of the second mentioned headers.

2. A refrigerating system comprising in part a suction accumulator tank having an opening for receiving a refrigerant in a liquid state, and a low pressure suction opening for discharging a refrigerant in a gaseous state,

a liquid header in connection with said sue tion accumulator, a plurality of extension headers in connection with said liquid header, a suction header in connection with said suction accumulator, a plurality of extension headers in connection with said suction header, and a plurality of connecting means between the liquid extension headers and the suction extension headers.

3. A refrigerating system comprising in part a suction accumulator tank having an opening for receiving a refrigerant in a liquid state and a low pressure suction opening for discharging a refrigerant in a gaseous state, a liquid header in connection with said suction accumulator, a plurality of extension headers in connection with said liquid header, a plurality of headers spaced at a distance from the suction accumulator tank, pipes connecting each liquid extension header with one of the last mentioned headers, a suction header in connection with the suction accumulator tank, a plurality of extension headers in connection with the suction header, and pipes connecting each of the suction extension headers with one of the headers spaced at a distance from the accumulator tank.

4. A refrigerating system comprising in part a liquid refrigerant receiving tank, a gravity tank, a pipe line connecting said tanks, a float tank in the pipe line-for regulating the height of the refrigerant in the gravity tank, a forecooler, means for feeding liquid refrigerant to said forecooler, means for conducting the refrigerant in a gaseous state back to the gravity tank, a high pressure suction line in connection with said gravity tank, a suctionaccumulator, a low pressure suction line in connection with said accumulator, means for conducting liquid refrigerant from the gravity tank to the suction accumulator, a liquid header extending from said suction accumulator, a suction header extending from said suction accumulator, and a plurality of connecting means between the liquid header and the suction header.

. 5. A refrigerating system comprising in part a liquid refrigerant receiving tank, a gravity tank, a pipe line connecting said tanks, a hint tank in the pipe line for regulating the height of the refrigerant in the gravity tank, a forecooler, means for con ducting the refrigerant in a gaseous state back to the gravity tank, a high pressure suction line in connection with said gravitytank, a suction accumulator, a low pressure suction line in connection with said accumulator, means for conducting liquid refrigerant from the gravity-tank to the suction accumulator, a liquid header extendin from said suction accumulator,.-a suction eader extending from said suction accumulator, a plurality of extension headers connected to saidliquid header, a plurality of extension headers connected to said suction header, a

plurality of headers spaced at a distance from 0th sets of extension headers, pipes connecting each of the liquid extension headers with" one of the spaced apart headers, and pipes connecting each of the suction extension headers with one of the spaced apart headers. 6. A refrigerating system comprising in part a liquid refrigerant receiving tank, a gravity tank, a ipe line connecting said tanks, a float tank 1n the pipe line for regulating the height of the refrigerant in the gravity tank, a forecooler, means for feeding liquid refrigerant to said forecooler, means for conducting the refrigerant in a gaseous state back to the gravity tank, a high pressure suction line in connection with said gravity tank, a suction accumulator, a lowpressure suction line in connection with said accumulator, means for conducting liquid refrigerant from the gravity tank tothe suction accumulator, a liquid header extendin said suction accumulator, a suction eader extending from said suction accumulator, and connecting means between the liquid header and the suction header.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

CHARLES G. BACH.

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