US1821143A - Pumping apparatus - Google Patents

Description

P 1931- A. N. DAWLEY 1,821,143

PUMPING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 24. 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEYS p 3 A. N. DAWLEY 1,821,143

PUMPING APPARATUS Filed Aug- 24. 1928 S Sheets-Sheet 2 o a Q Q INYENTOR 6 B {6/1/0 MZ/OW/cy ATTORNEY Sept. 1, 1931. A. N. DAwLEY PUMPING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 24, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 M m E V N I Hrc imyflaw/ay A TTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 1, 1931 PATENT OFFICE ARCHIE N. 'DAWL-EY, or TONKAWA, OKLAHOMA PUMPING APPARATUS Application filed August '24, 1928. Serial Nd. 301,775.

My invention relates to oil well pumping apparatus and more particularly to apparatus of that character for actuat ing a rod or cable. line connecting to apump at the bottom of a well, and

complementary mechanism for counterbalancing the weigh-t of the connecting cable and the column of fluid supported in the well tubing; the principal object of the invention being to effect a steady and even long pump stroke with a minimum of power, and minimum wear to the working part of the apparatus.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention I have provided improved details of structure, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the assembled pumping apparatus mounted in 'a derrick, parts of which are broken away for better illustration.

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section I through the pump actuating apparatus illustrating the mountingof the working parts.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33, Fig. '2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional perspective view of a derrick platform showing the upper portion of a well and the hydraulic 3'9 counterbalancing cylinder, the latter in central vertical section.

' Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 Fig. '2.

Referring in detail to the drawings:

. 1 designates an oil well derrick of -ordinary construction mounted on the usual base or platform 2, and 3 a casing head attached to the upper end of wellcasing 4 which extends through a central opening in the platform.

'Well tubing 5 protruding from the cas ing head is provided with a T fitting'6 connecting with a flow line 7, and a packing gland 8 at the upper end of the tubing receives the cable 9 which extends downwardly through the tubing and connects with the pump plunger (not shown) near the bottomof the well, the upper end of the cable being attached to .a cross arm 10 supported by the cables'll of the actuating mechanism 12 presently described.

The actuating mechanism '12 comprises the base railsl3 assembled in parallel spaced rel'ationyby tie rods 14 extending through the raiisand through tubular spacers 15, the assembled base being mounted on the derrick cross braces 16 and attached thereto by bolts 17.

The base rails 13 extend forwardly beyond the-derrick cross braces 16, and carry bearings 18 for a shaft 19, having a driven sprocket 20 fixed at one end thereof, and mated driving sprockets 21 of smaller diam eter than the driven sprocket fixed thereto by keys '22 adjacent the outer sides of the bearings 18. i

The driven sprocket 20 is operatively connected by a chain belt 23 with a power unit 24, here shown as constituting a reduction gear unit '25 driven by an electric motor-2'6. It isobvious however, that any type of power 76 unit capable of supplying the necessary power may be used in practicing the invention; 1

A shaft 27 spaced rearwardly from the shaft 19 isjournaled in bearings 28 bolted to the lower-side of the base rails, and mated sprockets 2'9, aligning with the sprockets 21, are keyed to the shaft and operatively connected to the sprockets 21 by endless chain belts 30 the sprockets 29 being provided with 3-6 1 bosses 31 having openings 32 for crank pins on which the forward ends of connecting rods 34: are pivotally mounted. The rearward ends of the connecting rods are operativeiy connected with mated sheave wheels 35 35 by crank pins 36 fixed in the openings 37 of bosses 38 on the wheels; the sheave wheels being substantially larger in'diameter than-the sprockets '29 'an d keyed on a shaft 39 spaced. rearwardly from the shaft 27, the shaft 39 to being journaled in bearings 10 bolted on the 7 upper surface of the face rails.

The crank pins 33 and 36 are spaced from their respective shaft centers in varying relation, the crank length of the sheavesbein'g '95 substantially greater than the crank length on the -sprockets so that a 'complete revolution of the sprockets 29 will actuate the connecting rods and cause the sheavewheels to I oscillate through an arc of approximately the cylinder rigidly in 120. The sprocket shaft 27 is properly positioned below the shaft 39 for equalizing the, swing of the crank pins 36 on opposite sides of the vertical shaft center, thus equalizing the power applied to the sheaves, as the crank pins 33 carry the connecting rods through the upper and lower arcs of their travel.

Ears 41 protruding outwardly from the rim flanges of the sheaves are provided with openings 42 and bolts 43 extend through said openings and through mating openings 44 in clamping members 45 for frictionally engag ing the cables 11, the cables being carried in the grooves of the sheaves 35 and looped over sheaves 46 of a counterbalancing mechanism 47; the ends of the cables being secured in clamp bolts 48 engaged in the protruding portions 49 (Fig. 1). of a cross bar 50 secured to the bottom side of the base rails by bolts The sheaves 46 are rotatably mounted on a shaft 52 fixed in the upper ends of the arms 53 of a support bracket 54, the bracket serving to space the sheaves for alignment with the sheaves 35, the sheaves 46 being retained on the shaft by cotter pins 55.

A piston rod 56 (Fig. 4) having a reduced threaded upper portion 57 is engaged in an opening 58 of a boss 59 centrally located on the bracket 34, and is locked in assembled position by nuts 60, the lower portion of the rod being extended through a stuffing box 61 fixed to the upper end of a cylinder 62 by the bolts 63, a piston 64 being attached to the lower end of the piston rod and adapted for reciprocation within the cylinder.

The cylinder 62 extending downwardly through the derrick platform is imbedded in a concrete base 65, and annular flanges 66 protruding outwardly from the lower end of the cylinder and the end closure member 67 serve as meansfor anchoring and holding position when the apparatus is in operation.

A relief port 68 is provided in the lower end closure member 67 of the cylinder and a vent pipe 69 connecting with the port extends upward to apoint above the ground level andis open to the atmosphere to prevent compression within the cylinder below the piston andto permit free downward travel of the piston in the cylinder.

Connecting with the upper portion of the cylinder chamber 7 0 is apipe 71 fitted with a valve 72 and leading toa compressed air tank 73, the tank being provided with pressure gage 7 4 and a valved inlet pipe 7 5 where by the pressure in the tank may be regulated to suit pumping conditions, the pressure being supplied to the tank through the inlet pipe which leads to a compressor (not shown).

In practicing the invention the power unit 24 is set in operation, and the power is transmitted to the shaft 19 of the pump actuating mechanism 12 by the belt 23 and from the sprockets 21 on the shaft 19 to the sprockets 29 on the shaft 27, by means of the chain belts 3O connecting the paired sprockets.

Rotation of the sprockets 29 causes the sheaves 35 on the shaft 39 to be oscillated due to the greater length of the sheave cranks, and the periphery of the sheaves being tangentially aligned in a vertical plane coinciding with the approximate center of the well causes the suspended portions of the cables 11 carried by the sheaves to maintain a parallel and vertical alignment with relation to the pumping cable 9, thus preventing wear to said cable in its reciprocatory movement through the s-tufling box 61.

The opposite end portions of the cables 11 are reaved over the sheaves 46 of the counterbalancing mechanism 47 for reducing the stroke of the piston 64, the piston being reciprocated in the cylinder 62 and acted upon by air pressure admitted to the cylinder by opening the valve 72 on the pipe 71 which connects with the pressure tank 73.

The valve 72 remains open during the operation of the apparatus so that the pressure in the cylinder chamber above the piston remains equal to the pressure in the tank, and suflicient pressure is maintained in the tank for approximately balancing the weight of the cable 9 and the column of fluid supported in the well tubing.

It is obvious that with my apparatus the counterbalancing of the pumping apparatus may be easily and quickly adjusted to suit varying well conditions and that the pumping apparatusmay be operated with a minimum of power and minimum wear to the working parts. 7

Vi hat 1 claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a pumping apparatus, a support, oscillating members mounted on the support, drive members rotatably mounted on the support, connecting rods between the drive members and the oscillating members to impart an oscillating movement to the oscillating members upon rotation of the drive members, flexible connections attached to the oscillating members and to the support, pulleys engaging the flexible connections, a yoke for rotatably mounting the pulleys, and counterbalance means engaging the yoke for the purpose set forth.

2. In a pumping apparatus, a support, spaced horizontal members on the support, a shaft mounted on the horizontal members, sheaves on the shaft, a shaft mounted on the horizontal members in a plane offset with respect to the plane of the first-namedsha-ft, drive members rotatably mounted on the lastnamed shaft, rods connecting the drive members with the sheaves, flexible pumping cables running over the sheaves and attached thereto and to the support, pulleys on the cables between the sheaves and the connections to the support, and counterbalancing means connected with the pulleys.

3. In combination with a working member adapted for vertical reciprocation, spaced driving and driven wheels, a flexible member run over the driven wheel, looped and an- :hored at one end and connected with the working member at its opposite end, connecting means for oscillating the driven wheel in response to rotation of the driving wheel, means for rotating the driving wheel, and shock absorbing means engaging the looped portion of the flexible member.

4. In combination with a working member adapted for vertical reciprocation, spaced driving and driven wheels, a flexible member run over the driven wheel, looped and anchored at one end connected with the working member at its opposite end, connecting means for oscillating the driven wheel in response to rotation of the driving wheel, means for rotating the driving wheel, an air cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, and a pulley connected with said piston and engaging the looped portion of said flexible member.

5. In combination with a horizontal sup port, spaced shafts mounted respectively above and below the support, a pair of driven wheels on one of the shafts, flexible members run over the driven wheels having looped ends anchored to the support, means attaching the flexible members to the driven Wheels, a cross head attached to the other ends of the flexible members adapted for connection with a pump actuating member, counterbalancing mechanism including pulleys engaging the looped portions of the flexible members, a pair of driving wheels on the other shaft, pitmen connecting the driving and driven wheels for oscillating one in response to rotation of the other, and means for rotating the driving wheels.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ARCHIE N. DAVVLEY.

Images