US1809958A - Refrigeration apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June16,1931. L-KWmGHf 1,809,958

REFRIGERATION APPARATUS Filed Janf 27, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 y,- y atlfozmq Patented June 16.1931

UNITED STATES PATE-Nr OFFICE LnoNAnD nr wmeirr, pr JAcxsoN arrears, Lon-el IsmND, Nnw Yoan nnrnremrroN Armures Application llled January 2'?, 1998. Serial No. 249,949.

v This invention relates to refrigeration and more particularly to va small portable unit of the' absorption t e.

The invention, will 5 yexclusively for such a use, is illustrated as embodied 1n awater cooler. In devices of this character heretofore used the coolin of the water was accomplished by the emp oyment Aof ice as the heat abstracting medium. Such devices were subjected to all of the disadvantages inhering 1n the use of this material. In addition to the inconvenience of relling with ice, it often hap ned that the ice was not replenished as on as it'should have 1libeen, with the result that in the late afternoon and evenin the water in such coolers became warm an often so tepid as to be unpalatable.

'l Another outstanding disadvantage M.or the cooling s stems of this character resided in lthe fact t` at unsanitary methods were necessitated, by it was desired to insert a new bottle or carb'cy of water. In such circumstances, the atten ant removedthe cork sto per ofthe bottle placed his palm over it an inserted his hand mto the water within the cooler'.v Such an unsanitary rocedure was required so as to prevent ls 'ng of the contents vof the water bottle `uring replacement.

- 5, ,It is an object of this invention to `provide anfimproved and simplified water cooling apparatus of this character which insures a l constant supply of cooled water. 'Another povidea'water cooler o )ect is to yof the,v character vdesem d which, after first and 1ninstalltion requires no attention volves but little operating cost.

Another object 1s to 4provide' a cooler from 0 which Water of varying degrees of temperature may be drawn.,

ratus as a.

complete, compact and easily ?tlfllianSportamt unit' i sanitary ca forwater bottles.

`Yet aneth y 1 er object is to provide ay water e by no means designed v the construction of thercooler, when A further object is to provide such an ap--Ay cooler which embodies a refrigeration unit and which is noiseless in operation and of -great longevity. p

Another object is to provide a water cooler adaptable for either the utitlization of tap or bottled water.

With these and other equally important objects in view, the invention comprehends the `provision of a water coolercomprising a replaceable bottle or piped Water supply and a permanent well with which is assoc1ated, in a compact and efficient manner, a refrigeration unit of the absorption type.

o enable a ready. comprehension of, the underlying principles of the is shownjin the accompanying drawings one mechanical l embodiment of it. In these drawings the same reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views, of which: A

Aple assembled unit;

Figure 3 is a top section taken on the line 3%8 of, Fig. 2;

v Figure 4 is a longitudinal section on the line 4.-'4'of Fig. 2; f

'Figure 5 is" an enlarged sectional detail of the expansion member of the refrigeratin unit;

lgure 6 ceiver cha ber;

Figure 7 is an enlarged cross sectional. detail view of one of the valves embodied in the unit Figure 8 isa wire diagram oij the electrical units; y Figurei) is an bottle cap.

Asshown inthe drawings, and more particularly in Figs. 1 and 2, the unit comprises a.'

invention there Figure 1 is a perspective view of the comte y enlarged detail of the water A Figurel 2 is a central cross sectional view; l

is a cross sectional detail of the re.-

cabinet 1 mounted upon-.abuse deslgnated generally by the numeral 2. This base in 3 formed-in anyl suitable dec ludes th; l l lslgn re era Inteinpiediate t e ofthe angular metal terminals of the legs is positioned a liat brace' platev 4. This is formed with Hang?) edges through which ass the rivets or lts, 5

' r to the legs and insuring 'increased securing the memico ' posed of any suitable strength and rigidity of the structure. shown in Fig. 2, the flanges nest within the triangular sections of the legs. If desired the base 2 may be provided with a separate top (not shown). In the particular device illustrated in the drawings the cabinet portion 6 is mounted u on upper flanges 7 of the supporting legs. t will be understood of course that in lieu of the particular supporting construction shown, an conventional formof support which will su tions hereinafter set forth, may be employed.

The cabinet portion ma be of any suitable style or design which will erform the results desired in thev present invention. The

one shownin thedrawings includes a plurality of vside plates 8 which are extended upwardly at their rear portions, 9, for a purpose to appear fully hereinafter. To these plates arelsecu as by rivets or welds, the front plate 10 and top plate 11, If desired, the latter sections, i. e. 1() and 11, may bemade up from a single piece of metal. At its rear portion the top plate is extended vertically as at 12. This vertical section may terminate in a flange 13, an appreciable distance below the top of the side sections 9. At their rear edge the side sections are formed with. integral lateral flanges 14. These ianges are apertured to register with corresponding apertures in a rear closure plate 15. The plate 15 is adapted lto seat against the flanges and to be detachably secured thereto by means of bolts and cooperating nuts 16. detachable sectional cylindrical cover or dome 17 encloses the top of the cabinet. This may rest upon the rear flanges (not shown) on the side pieces 9. its upper portion the cover is provided with a foraminous insert, such as a screen 18.

As will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 2, the cabinet comprises essentially two distinct sections. The 'forward section, whic houses a water well, includes a casing having the front plate 10 and a rear plate l19. The bottom edges of sections 10 and 19 are aliixed to a base plate 20. This may be comtrations shown in the drawings it comprises a wooden block which receives the screws 21,

4 holding plates 10 and 19 in osition. The top portion of plate 19 may curved an the rivets passage of a connection in the re abuts the vertical plate ad3ace`nt the ange 13.v It will be understood that theplate 19 is provided with an aperture to prermitthe igeration s stem. The cabinet may be su ported on t e legs 7 through the medium o ear angle frame 22 which is secured to the table leg flanges by suitable means,v

23. This frame, besides serving as a vertical support for the cabinet, provides `laterx'il movement of the inside cabinet and in addition serves as a rigidifying stay for the legs 7.

serve the func- 'of metallic cu dispensing tu ianges 13 and lateral o material; in the illus-l .the lip of the d contact between a rectilin-` such as.

are held in p ace,

'a water well and certain portions of the rebottom of this i fri'gerating apparatus. The container is provided with a plurality of nsulating slabs 24. These may com rise any of a number of insulating materia s readily available on the market. I prefer, however, to utilize slab cork, i. e. granulated cork, which is cementedwith a suitable adhesive and formed This material has a low co'eliicient of thermal conductivity and not an inconsiderable amount of resiliency, both of which factors are desiderata frthe present use, since it takes up the jars and shocks incident to re.-

moving and inserting water bottles as well as. providing anl elicient insulating medium.

The container likewise houses, preferably 'v at each end of the front section, a plurality` these is provi ed with a cover rests against 11. Each tube is cut out to provide a longi tudinal slotted portion 27. A pair of slots 28 are cut out o the front plate 10 immediately in front of the tube slots, terior face of the front plate `10 are secured, preferably by vspot welds, vertical angle strips 29. Inserted between these angle or lips andthe vertical slots 27 is a section of transparent material 30. glass, mica, or an of condensation pro ucts. It will be appreciated that such a construction affords a view of the interior of the cup tube to determine therein. The cups may 1; be ejected from the tube by any suitable mechthe number of cups into a relatively dense sheet.

bes 25. Each of or lid 26 which.A the contiguous face of the plate v To the in- This may be oft?. the suitable phenolic l anism, indicated generally on the drawings by the plunger 31 The water well tainer and its l32 nests within the conbottom is firmly supported b h the upper insulating slab. 24. This we'v ma becomlposed of ang' of the vitreous-ce` ramics usua y employe in such devices and is formed, in thev conventional manner, with an upper terminal lip.

A resilient or a similar su well 32, water bottle 48 and acts also prevents damage through the two-hard brittle as a seal and Tapp disc ar e` nipples 34. The. material employed or these members should have a low corrodibilit Chrome steel of course ma be utilized ut, -since may be used, such for example as Vchromel iron, Monel-metal, tin and aluminum bronzesl and the like. At one end of the nipples, draw off pipes 35 are secured as by a threaded engagement. `The nipples 34 project through the c lindrical wall of the well and l on each` side of the well,

asket 33 composed of rubber ance is interposed between I 11.5

y bodies.Avl` ed into thepwell 32 are .a plurality ofg a high tensile strength is of no particular advantage, other materials i etween the oii pipes are connected through the elbows-38 to the i button type 42. It

push cocks water of .dll

' 41. The pipes 41 out rearwardly to clined spout 44. Beneath the sp pipe sections 39, which are in turn connected, through the elbows 40, to the horizontal pi-pes protrude through the front wall 10 and at thelr outer ends are fitted with a water cock such for example las 'the push will be understood that the pipes are all to be made of the same material, that is to say of a non-corrosive metal or alloy. It will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 2 that the several ni ples are positioned at v.different heights ci) the well. As is known, when the l1quid in the well is subjected to the action of a cooling medium the colder body of liquid will settle to the bottom of the container while the Huid at a hi her temperature will rise toward the top. se is made of this fact to tap oil' water at diliierent temperatures. As indicated in Fig. 1, the median tap 42withdraws the coldest water, the left hand tap 42 Withdraws water at a slightly higherl temperature, while right hand ltap 42 withdraws'the least cold water. -By means of these three variant temperatures may be obtained.

Secured to the' front portion of the cabinet' is a drip pan 43. As shown, this is drawn present an integral inout may be positioned the usual catch basin 45. The drip pan may be mounted on the frame by means of the U-shaped integral flange 46 one web of which nests between the vertical fiange on the angle iron 22 and the front A face of plate 10. This mountin of course, may be accomplished by uti izing other specific structures. Positioned beneath the brace plate 4 is a bucket 47 which it will be understood, is for the purpose o receiving waste drinking cups. j 1 i; .As has been intimated hereinbefore the .present method of replacing a bottle or car- 5a.

\ of the usual t oyof water in a cooler of the general type Adescribed has been quite unsanitary. I propose .to `eliminate the objectionable features mhering in prionstructures by providing a novel;y sanitary cap for the `conventional Iwater bottle. As shown on the drawins, and particularly in Fig. 9, the bottle may e e having a cylindrical body 'portion/4Q@ a contracted neck 49. At its terminalthe glass of the neck is-thic'kened to 6'?? present-" rim or'li'p. 50. v.Heretofere in order .-to-seahbottles of this character it has -been the ractcetofiinsert a cork Pecanttha neck. according invention the botis rovi e 0r similar stopd with a sanitary and p' which need .not lbel andto insure a Huid tight seal theA Y to the present broken or disruptedv vuntil after the bottle has been inserted in the Well.

To -accomplish this purpose there is provided a cap 51 formed of a ductile metal or alloy or any kcomposition substance having similar properties. This may be placed over the neck of the bottle so that theilat portion 52 extendsacross thetop to serve as a stopper. The edges conform to the curvature of the thickened portionv and thus serves to hold the lca securely in place. A band of rubber, cor or metal maybe used as a means o securely holding this cap. Positioned over the metallic or base closure 52 is a second cap 53.

This may be composed of heavy paper imare bent inwardly tov pregnated with a suitable water-repellent'A substance as wax and the like. This cap abuts the adjacent metallic cap 52 throughout the major portion of the latter and is ex-` tended downwardl beyond it, as shown in Fig. 9. Surroundlng the outsidel cap near the edges is a resilient securing means 54.

This member preferably may/comprise a rubber band or a plurality of,rubber bands. In lieu of a rubber band a piece of resilient metal may be used to form a spring collar, holding the cap 58 securely in place.

In accordance with the principles ofthis invention a member is provided within the well which is adapted between the bottle and well without any danger of loss of contents of the bottle and without emplo ing the unsanitary expedients discussed lierein fore, As shown this omprises a ccnoidal or funnel shaped memto open communication :This has a flared base of a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the well. Near its upper portion the funnel is constricted to form a hollow neck 49 which terminates in a sharp point 50. The neck portion is cut away to present one or more longitudinal slots 51. It will be understood that these slots extend upwardly so as to be well within the neck of the bottle when the latter is in its operative position. The width'ofthe base of the funnel is such that it insures a centrin of thepointed end 50 so that the latter is a ways in proper position, that is `to say in axial alignment with the centeriof the neck of thebottle 48 when .the v latter is in operative position.

The operation of these associated parts will be appreciated from scription. After a bottle is filled it is sealed by emplacing and securing in position' the the foregoing de,-

caps 51 and 53.. By means of the resilient u y band or collar-54 theliquid within the conf' tainer is hermeticall sealed and may. be stored gfcr of time.v If desired anotherbandmay have been used to hold'cap frmly iflffplace.

When y1t ay desired to place ireshboaa ,53in`ay bedis-y in the abinetthe outer seal engaged by vremovingrgl're resilient holding and the bell shaped end member 54, leaving the inner in a clean sanitary condition. The bottle is then inverted and lowered into operative position. As it descends the pointed end 50 of the funnel will pierce the soft cap closure portion 52 of the bottle will come to'reslt against the gasket 33. The slots 51 of the funnel extend above and below the frigerator associated with the water cooler. l

- Preferably an absorption type unit is employed in whichv a refrigerant such as any iquid capable of vaporizing and causing a low temperature is absorbed or adsorbed with a liquid or solid, from which it is driven off by applied heat to be subsequently liquefied and then revaporized to abstract heat from the area to be cooled. This comprises es-` sentially a generator-absorber 55 in fluid communica ion through a condenser coil 56 with a receiver 57. A safety valve 68 is positioned in the line adjacent the lower end of the condenser 56. The receiver is connected through a line 58 to an evaporating coil 60, the upper end of which is connected to of sections,

the receiver 57. v

The generator-absorber comprises a cylindrical s ell. This is composed of a metal or metal alloy of suiiicient tensile strength to withstandthe internal pressures to which such an apparatus is subjected. Preferably it is of one ie'ce construction. It may be made up byv rst formin a'suitable number such as two alves, and joining these by an autogenous Weld so that the completed sell will be of uniform texture throughout. The shell may be supported from the sides of the cabinet by any suitable system of brackets or chocks which have A sufficient tolerance to permit the incident thermal expansion of the generator. Nested within the ower portion of the generator 'is a tube,61. This may project slightly beyond the ends of thelshell and is rigidly connected thereto by a suitable fused joint. Within this tube is received an electrical resistance 62,01' any other suitable heatin element, such-as a steam coil, burners an like. One or both ends of this tube may be provided with vdetachable closures so as to facilitate insertion of new and removal of old heating elements.

Projecting through the bottom ofthe gen.-

erator rial em loyed of course particu ar refrigerant the and extending upwardly to a pointl closely adjacent the top is a section of tube 63. The top of this is fitted with a filter element such as a screen 64. This tube section is joined to the base of the generator shell preferably by means of an autogenous weld for the purposes already indicated.

The generator also houses a system of reticulated tubing to facilitate the passage of gas or vapors to and from ythe absorbent or adsorbent to the upper portion of the generator. In the form shown 1 n the drawings this comprises a central longitudinal section from which radially projectsthe shorter sections 66. It will be seen that with such a structure a plurality of channels are provided which are highly conducive to the rapid and effective withdrawal of any gas generated or driven off within the body of material in the generator. It will be understood of course that other specific designs of the reticulated tub-ing may be utilized. Any design, such for instance as a cheval-de-rise type which presents a substantial number of conduits through the absorbent or adsorbent may be employed.

At its upper portion the generator is provided with a plug or closure 67. On irst installation the plug may be removed to allow the admission of acharge of absorbent or adsorbent material. After the desired quantity has been admitted the container may be hermetically sealed either by interposing a lead gasket between the container and plug and screwing the latter into position or by weldingthe plugdirectly to the shell of the generator.

The generator itself, as has been said, is adapted to receive a charge of the particular absorbent or adsorbent employed. The mate-v will depend on the used.` It may be, for example, water, activated silicious material, silica gel, or other fiocculated colloids, calcium chloride, ammonium nitrate, animonium sulpho cyanate, activated charcoal, carbon tetrachloride, ether, alcohols and the like. When solidV materials are employed within the generator .thedistribut- .ing

screen hereinbefore described is utilized. f a liquid medium is used instead of a solid, the screen may be dispensed with. If water is employed as the absorbent material it will be understoodI that a rectifier and analyzer may be added to the system.

It will be appreciated that a variety of specicrefrigerants maybe used in this system. Thus any one of the following may be employed: ammonia, sulphur dioxide,- methyl and ethyl chloride, carbon dioxide, methyl ether, ethyl ether, propane, methylamine and thelike.

The tubing 63 is extended below the generator and is convoluted in reversed bends to formv the condenser coil 56. Preferably Iso these 4are so designed as to utilize the full available space betweenv the cabinet walls 8, 14 and 19. The lower terminus of this coil is connected to the safety Valve designated generallyv (in Fig. 2) by the numeral 68. This member, which is shown in Adetail in Fig. 7 comprises a cross fitting 69 into which is screwed or fastened the pipe section 56. In alignment with the pipe end 56 there is secured to the cross a short pipe section which as shown in Fig. 2, leads to and communicates With the receiver 57. Screwed into the upper vertical bore of the cross is a safety rupture head 71. As shown, this is provided with central channel 72 which communicates with the. central conduit comprehending the pipes 56 and 70 and the central hollow portion of,` the cross. Rupture head 71 is formed with an extending shoul-v der 73. Into this shoulder there is secured, as by a welded or soldered joint, a metallic dome 74. Amaterial is chosen for this which lwill rupt'ure at ya predetermined pressure' which is the maximum pressure at which the device may. o erate in safety. I have found that silver o a high purity serves very admirably for this purpose and for nearly all refrigerants, It will be perceived that the dome 74 is spaced from the metal of the rupture head thereby leaving a fixed pressure chamber in open communication with the main line.

To the lower portion of the cross: 69 there is secured a valve body 80.' This is provided with a central ortion 81 which opens into an enlarged cham' er 82. The lower portion of the valve casing is internally threaded as at 83 and receives a spindle 84. The upper end of this spindle is drawn'out to form a needle head 85, while the lower end is squared, as at 86, so as to receive a suitable turning tool. Intermediate its ends the spindle is formed with an extending collar like section 87. The periphery of this section is threaded to correspond to the internal threads on the casing.v .The casing body, below the seat of the needle head 85, is laterall extended as at 88 to form a central channeledl nozzle. At the opposite side the casing 1s tapped as at 89 andthe bore thus formed is internally threaded to receive a lock screw 90. The screw 90 and squared end of the spindle 84 may be apertured so as to receive the wire of a seal 91.

The operation of this safety valve will be a preciatedy from the foregoing description. Igfor any reason a pressure is generated which is above the predetermined optimum pressure at which the device will operate in safety, the dome 74 will rupture. This will be immediately seen when it is considered that the metal for the dome 74 is so chosen that it has a tensile strength Iwhich is 4no greater than the optimum safety pressure. The apparatus in itself, 4when utilizing a solidA adsorbent, is non-explosive, in that if i frigerant has been driven out of the generator the pressure will drop,'there being no appreciable amount of refrigerant gas in the generator. However the safety valve finds uses in machines employing absorbents, such 'as water and other liquids, or it is of use if the entire machine should be subjected to excessive heat, as if the machine were in a fire in the dwelling or ollice.

If it is desired to replenish or to fill the system with refrigerant a suitable conduit may be connected to the nozzle 88. After such connection is made the seal 91 may be broken and the lock screw slightly released. Upon turning the spindle 84 in the proper direction the needle point 85 will be 'unseated and will open communication between lthe nozzle 88 and the main fluid'line throu h the pipe 81. The refrigerant may then-be orced,

y any suitable means, throu h this now open and connected series of con uits. When the desired quantity has been forced into the system the spindle `may be turned in theopposite.

last refilling and also serves to prevent unwarranted access to device.

The pipe section 70, as has been disclosed, leads directly to the u per portion of the receiver 57. This mem er comprises a cylindrical container havin ends 92. Passing throug the central portion of the receiver is a well 93, which is secured thereto by the welded joints 94, The wall of this recelver is bored or ierced as at 95, closely adjacent the shell ci) the receiver. It will be appreciatedv that when the receiver is filled with a liquid this liquid will ass through the lower apertures 95 and wil fill liquid passes into the well 93 through restricted openings surging of the liquid therein will be prevented. They lower end of thev well communicates by the ppe 58 to the expansion member.l The li u1 refrigerant enters b way of the pipe 0 into the receiver and thence through the apertures 95 into the well itself.l Mounted within the well is a float member 96. This may suitable material,-` such as metal or glass, which is im vious to an deleterious action of the refrigerant. Pre erably this float is provided wlth a depending :scavenger tube 97, which serves to` prevent colla bulb or oat and -aleo to withdraw an refrigerant" vorhiehmay,` by any chance, ve'.

or tampering with the pse of the integral conoidal bemade of any ,i

vnested fitting 110.

entered to the interior of the bulb either by condensation or leakage.

Leading from the top of the bulb is a switch rod98. Preferably this switch comprises a tube containin a predetermined quantity of mercury (see ig. 8). The tubel itself is pivoted centrally -on the supporting post 101 and connects, through the electric conductors 102, with the heating element and a source of electric power. The post 101 and conductors 102 are supported in a plate, preferably of insulating material 103, such as bakelite. The switch and supporting members are sealed up by means of a suitable cap or closure 104 which is locked by means (not shown) to a lateral fiange 105 screw-threaded on the well 93. The tubeA 99 may be pivoted between two posts which actas supports and also as conductors. This provides fewer holes through the insulator disc 103 and makes a stronger member.

As is shown in Figs. 2 and 6, the draw oi conduit 58 passes downwardly from the well 93 and through the insulating material 24 to an expansion valve or regulating member 59. It will be understood that the slabs of insulating material are cut away near this expansion valve and a screen may be positioned above it to support the granular or slab cork which insulates the well. This expansion valve or regulating member comprises a casing having interior receiving chambers 106 and 107 and an expansion chamber 108. The pipe-58 is secured as by a compression fitting or coupling 1-09 to the reduced end of the This fitting is formed with a reduced portion, which portion is externally threaded and which registers with a correspondingly threaded ortion 111 on the body of the valve. formed by the a screen 112. The valve body 59 is also provided with a set of internal threads which engages the exterior threads on a central aperturedv plug 113. This plugis formed with an enlarged socket-like portion 114 adapted'to receive the end of a helical spring 115. The other end of this spring encircles a valve stem 116 formed with a tapered head 118. The intermediate portion of the valve stem is formed with the collar 117 which serves as an abutment member for the other end of spring 115. This stem seats within the bushing 119 carried by the body of the valve. The bushing has a central aperture 130 which communicates with the receiving chamber 107 and the eX- pansion' chamber 108. i

The expansion chamber is adapted to house an element which in temperature. The thermal responsiveness of this member is utilized to acutate the valve stem so as to permit passage of the liquefied refrigerant to a relatively enlarged sp ce wherein the thermal responsive membe is Wit in the chamber member 110 there is positioned` tapered end of thevvalve is responsive to. variationsv located. The expansion chamber 108 is defined by the cylindrical walls of the casing, the end of which is shouldered as at 121. Seated against this shoulder is an internally threaded' plug 122. Re istering with the threads is an internal a justment nut 123 having a horizontal cut out portion 124 adapted. to receive the end of a screw driver. The nut is also cent-rally tapped to provide a restricted fluid conduit 125. At its inner end the nut is provided with a centrally reduced projection or stud 126.

Adjacent the screw threads the member 122 is provided with a smooth bore portion within which is slidingly received a central tubular portion 127 ormin a part of the bellows. At one end this tu ular portion is laterally extended as at 127. To the edges of this extension are secured the iiexible bellows material 128. The other end of this material is secured about the interior portion ofh the plug 122, The spring 129 nests within the tubular portion 127 and one end of itiits over the stud 126. To the central portion of the end plate 127 there is secured or abutted a small rod 130. As shown in Fig. 5 this is rigidly connected at its other end to the apex of the tapered or conical valve head. It will be observed that the tension oi spring 129 may be regulated by inserti yg a suitable tool, such as a screw driver, intothe slot 124 and rotatin this in the desired direction. It will adjacent the lateral flanges. i

also e noted that the'spring 115 acts in a y direction counter to spring 129 and that by properly adjusting the two a vvery delicate positionin of the valve 116 may be secured. These wor ing parts are sealed of by means of a closure 131. This may be of hard rubber, bakelite or any other suitable material and is provided with a central aperture 132. It will be seen that the apertures 132 and 125 permit the entrance of atmospheric pressure to and exit from `the chamber defined by the tubular section of the bellows.

The upper portion of the `valve casing 59 istapped to provide a bore 133 which communicates with the ex ansion coil 60. This communication may e accomplished by forming a reduced and threaded extension 134C to which thetpipe 60 is locked by means of the nut 135.

As has been indicated hereinbeore the coil 60 constitutes the expansion coil of the unit.' This is convoluted a out the water well and extends approximately to the top thereof. As shown in Fig. 3, the tube 60 does not completely encircle the well but encloses it for substantially three quarters of its circumference. 4

It will be a preciated that a structure such as has been escribed is 'designed to o erate over substantially indefinite periods o time. In order to obtain the maximum eciency and to insure longevity and ease of assembly positioned a screen which ma reston the the parts are welded together. The assem-l blage of the members 68 and 59 referred to is the first installation. After these have been assembled in the described manner they are formed as integral uxaits of the slystem by welding or soldering` `together a l of the exterior joints in these two devices which are shown as screw threaded.

As has been described hereinbe'fore the well member rests directly upon one of the insulating slabs. Sincemember 59 is in effect a. thermostat the insulating slab is cut out adj acent this member so as to subject it to temperature chan es induced by radiation from the 4water we l. Above the valve may be edges of the insulating slab. he space between the Walls of the cabinet and the contained elements is filled with an insulating material 136. lf prefer to employ granular cork for this purpose. As shown in Fig. 2

Secured tozanytconvenient portion. of,l the device, as to the rear plate 19, is an electric socket 137. Coacting with this socket is a corresponding plug 138 which is connected through' the conductor 139 to a house circuit.

The operation of the device will have been appreciated romthe foregoing description. After the mechanical elements of the structure have been assembled in the manner indicated the generator absorber is char ed with the absorbent or adsorbent. If a iquid is used the screening or gauze may be dispensed with. Whatever material is utilized may be admitted through. the charging lug 67.. The quantity ofmaterial ddmitted s Ould be in excess of that amount theoretically necessary to edectively take up the quantity` of i l refrigerant used. In charging the generator care should be taken to insure the protrusion of the u per ends of the reticulated tubing beyond t e ipper surface ofthe material.

he liqui refrigerant may be chggged 'to the system in the manner previo yl described through the charging valve 68.

After the calculated quantity of the refrig- I erant has been admitted the valve may then be sealed b seal 91.

means of the set screw l9() and he water well may be filled by Aremoving the outer bottle cap 53 land by insertion of the bottle into the well and by puncturlng the light metallic capv52 by means of the pointed end of the tunnel. As

` described, the water will How from the bottle` into the well until the latter is filled. It

now the electrical circuit is closed current will How through the element 621'wl1ich, due

toits hi hl resistance, will become heated.

The meta tube 61, having a relatively high coeilicient of conductivity, will conduct the generated heat to the liquid or solid within' the The .heatv thusap- (generator absorber, plie filter 64, as will be understood, permits the passage of gases or va rs while preventing the exit of any absor nt that may be entrained with them. The gas flows to the con'- denser coil 56. During this process the pressure within the apparatus will have increased and due to this accumulation, inconjunctio'n with the cooling afforded by the extended radiating surface of the condenser coil, the

refrigerant will liquefy.v It is particularly.

will volatilize anddrive oi the refri erant-through the -eduction pipe 63. T e

toxbe observed thatat this sta e of the refrig- Veration cA cle a currentof coo ing air is ositively -in uced without the utilization o' any mechanical devices such as a blower, fanand the like. As has been explained hereinbefore the side plates 8 and interior and exterior rear walls19 and 14 deine a iue or air passage opening at the top and bottom. As the vaporized refrigerant passes to the upper end of the cooling coil a convective current will be set up within the. flue, that is tovsay cool air willenter the anges 22 anl f pass @upwardly and out through the screen 18.

epen space between the angle n win therefore be appreciatedthiwahf this novel arrangement of elements a positive current of coolin air is caused to flow over the condenser coll to edect the desired withdrawal or dissipation of heat therefrom without in any manner impairing the efficiency' of ,the generator. llt 1s manifest that the desired cooling of thecondenser coil may be increased or, accentuated by increasing its surface area as by providin dns, spiral wound ribbons and the like. 'kewise it is obvious that the particular design of con-A line t0. In the receiver tank it'accumulates in:`

a considerable body. This liquid passes fromI the receiver throurestricted apertures 955i-,-

"i t 'well vccfeperates with into the well 93. the receiver so as toinaintain the liquid within the former in a relatively uiescent state and hence prevents surging o they li l uid in the receiver 4chamber which is inci ent to shocks or movements of the cabinet. As a resultof this novel disposition' .ofparts the s'been intimated the regerant, in'v los lic

las'

lac

float member 96 accurately registers the actul al liquid level of the receiver.

The receiver, as has been-disclosed, is in open communication, through the line 58 with the receiving chamber of the expansion member. The liquid refrigerant therefore will flow, under pressure of hydrostatic head of the liquid in the well, to the expansion member. The screen 112 at this time serves as a strainer and prevents any solid material from passing into the valve chamber and lodgin in the valve seat. It will be observed that i the valve 116 isopened, due to the expansion of the bellows, the liquid refrigerant will pass through a restricted passage between the valve and its seat into the relatively enlarged space in-the expansion chamber. The passage of the liquid into an enlarged area of this sort causes vaporization of the refrigerant which passes upwardly through the expansion coil 80. This expansion of the refrigerant is accompanied by a cooling effect which, as is known, is in proportion to the latent heat of vaporization of the particular refrigerant used.

When a predetermined quantity of liquefied refrigerant flows out of the receiver the liquid level therein will drop. After a predetermined lowering of this levelthe float 96 will causes the mercury tube 100 to tilt' so that the mercury therein will close the electrical circuit, and heat the generator absorber.. The concomitant vaporizationcf i'efrigerant will then continue until the liquid level in the receiver has been raised to such a'height as to actuate the mercury bulb to open the circuit.

When the heating of the generator has discontinued it will cool down and the material within it is in condition forthe reception of vapors coming from the evaporating coil. In ot er words, the element iii-these circumstances will act as an absorber. v.The expanded va ors coming from the expansion, coil, pass t rough the up r rtion of the receiver and thence to t e a. rber by way. of the line 56. These will, pass through the reticulated tubing and thereb will be widelv disseminated through the a rbent o r adsorbent material. i

Under no circumstances dangerous pressure be built u' within the apparatus. As

as been describe hereinbefore'if a pressure is generated which exceeds the maximum pressure which the safety dome 74 will withstand this latter will rupture and b allowing vapors to flow therethrough will relieve the excess pressure in the apparatus. i It will be understood that while the member 74 has been described as being of silver, other metals or .alloys may be employed, the choice of which will depend on theparticular maximum rassure at which it is desired to operate. imilarly it is within the sco e vof this invention to mount a small neutralizing container on the outside of the dome 74 so as to neutralize refrilgerants which may be toxic tar l hile I have shown and described a particular embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that this is for pur oses of illustrating its essential features an since these may be'incorporated in other s ecific mechanical structures I do not inten to be limited to the one shown except as such limitations are clearly imposed bythe appended claims.

I claim:

1. A liquid cooler comprising a cabinet, an elongated compartment in the cabinet open at each end, a generator positioned in the upper portion of the compartment and a condenser subjacent the generator.

2. A liquid cooling device comprising a cabinet, a liquid well within the cabinet, a mechanical refri erator unit of the absorption type associated with the well and adapted to abstract vheat therefrom, an elongated compartment within the cabinet adapted to house the generator and condenser and to permit 4thepassage of cooling air therethrough, an

expansion coil positioned about the exterior of the well and in Huid communication with the 'condenser and generator.

3. A liquid cooling device comprisinga two compartment cabinet, a well within one of theY compartments, a mechanical refrigerator unit having an lexpansion coil embracing the well for the eater portion of vits height, a generator an condenser located within the other' compartment in fluidv communication with the expansion coil and insulated from the well. l

4. A' liquid cooling device comprising aV two compartment cabinet, a well within one of the compartments surrounded with insulating material, an expansion coil and a receiver within said compartment, a generator and'fcbhdenser within the other compartment so arranged as to induce the flow of a cooling air through the compartment.

5. A generator absorber comprising a sealed container of substantially uniform texture throughout, a heating element within the container, an adsorbent material within the generator and reticulated tubing within the container extending above the surface level of the adsorbent.

6. A generator absorber l comprising a sealed container having a quantity of adsorb- 5 ent material therein, reticulated tubin within the generator extending through an above the adsorbent and an eduction pieoextending throu h and having an opening a ve the level of t e adsorbent. lo 7. A generator absorber comprising a sealed container having a uantity of adsorbent material therein, retic ated tubin within the enerator extendin through an above the sorbent, an eduction y pipe extending 15 Athrough and having an o end above the lvel of the adsorbent an provided with a ter. n

8. A generator absorber comprising a sealed container having a quantity of a 20 sorbent material therein, means to accelerate the adsortion comprising a series of reticulated con uits extending throu h the mate rial and an eduction pipe exten mg upward- 1y throutglili and having anopening above the ""5 levrii adsorient' f 1 @mx t 0D W 61'60 m S1 a ure. p LONABD KAY vdmnr.

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