US1805740A - Drafting machine - Google Patents

Description

May 19, 1931; F. J. x-WETERS,` I 1,805,740

DRAFTING MACHINE' @5% @wom/wifi M+ @um May 19, 1931. F. .1. PETERS DRAFTING MACHINE Filed Dc. 21, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 2A May 19, 1931 F. JA. PETERS 1,805,740

DRAFTING MACHINE `Filed Dec.- 21, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 May 19, 1931. F. J. PETERS DRAFTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 2l, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 vwantoz M. MM 3513 @htm/mmf v t5 .seti-ofthe rollexs to Patented Meyv 19, 1931V UNITE-n we mw..

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l Memo moet @Mmm-oe meeneem, melena. 1.1.. oeeeoeerlon .11.1111111115 Dennie-NG A-ppligagifmV led Deoembex'- 21, 1928; Serial N g; 327,630. f 'improved meehine is prmerfilyder signed for expediting the `Work; of #che d ait@- man and reducing his labor te, My leading objeotsi are @prende eftneg 5 machine having capacity, fer aecornpgligsfhgng a. wdevarietynf work. .with noreeeed peed Without' lOSS of pneoson, provide e means ion .effecting @091.1111136 UtetLSlll ,QMS- and pre1-,motoradgnstments by emplomee 10 chancal means. f.

Anenhee ebjeee ef my nwentifen ieeeeoememe- Lelete11.1.1 111 11e-ite by. eeeetieethe struct a precision drawing machine, adapted revolutions gf an i dic-atop, which is s 't' peper, while the othee teeeveeeety eeeenged Set-iebneeghtipte eoeteetteeeewtle Anothee" Smell 'lever oentyolethelnen Q1" nenel eeifeyeg: 111et1e11111e11 ie ele@ the tellef eeft 11t-tethet11ge1e tenen "veeyeg .the peeeeete 'Q11 this 1e eed et the. Seme tie-1e. 11o

enethee, e. d

g Lev-e1, located for nking .on pencliegand thet be d te the rolleree, While feeetioee o eeeny and. expedibieusly epee1.1.1111. leyy one determeedbythe eeeot e, gee-@111e hand, leaving theopereeerfs oehee ieee die! mem. .Ae the. meehieece eeeeedto fei-.helding memoranda handbooks., e1" ehenge ite ,f1-.motion et. movement tlee'nentet te Suppoft himeelf .1.11111 more upright. 11i-.1d -ie-eetometieelly @11o-Hebt. beek comfortable position... K i meek- 11-.1111 the eQ11J1-tQ11getertd ever-eee@ ,1n A further yobject .of my'invention toy ordee to` deren e 1.11.1e of e peedetefmeeed length 111 e new flireeton.-

011e. otthe @hie-f. ebjeetoee to 'delefting 11111911111@ of the prior type ie the leeetioe et the venoee 111eee111111e eeelee. llt 1e not. en

uncommon Sight' .111 eedeefteg 109111. 'to eee keep the facev of theA drew-ing' 'ireeof the usual .draftng'implemen-.ts, en oh es. .tr-.iene es., scales, pencils,- pnoiiwtnls, @5.0.1, by' 90mm!!- ing all of lthese implexi-.nente` inte a `ging-,1e unit. A device ofthi character pfelseiigs` a marked improvement. overzthedevtng 111e.-

ohnes heretofore in 115e fn the it. Qbvetes the necessity, ,ofnumeroue die .111g .teels which .1.1511211151 lie e111 @Voirv the drawing' @121.1

. interfere with the, aettyV ef dretftxnene vision. 1 l v AV still' ful-then Qbject of my inyenjgion` is to .so construct e machine vnew be,

jueted to eey enezle .endl 11.1oved to eert of the boerd or table Witheet. eid. et. trif1 ongles,st1.aghtedgee,eto, e l 1 -"The ohereote11-stoeet111es .of my invention comprises e heed 'd @El ,1.1.1e1-.11be1 mount two sets of rolers having treneveeee enses,

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boards, andV oftpi siderably over their .11.1 0111er to 111111.@

e etend-ng Position diel Pretereblyet e111 #1110.11.11ted the 11.1.dieeto-1."v

the machine in yonder angle with,v nespect 1:

only one Set of 1iol1e1e. being Conte@ 'with the peper et. 11.1131 given til-11e.- ln orde-rito bring the other set of rollers .111 @ont t with the paper',v the nsenlightly prefssesh; verwhioh mounted on .theoe heed, Movement .t th's leyee eeeeee 011e be moved ,ewey tromfthe te .the further inelned 11.211111 yt1f1e.111Le1111e1f it hes. advantdage of enabling the neel thread ,eggp- .l1-111e the netnunet. one .tted leeoe 1111.1. line be. strewn eetleeeee, YThe .leegte et' .the ,1i-,11e

011e oemoee deeftemeerleeeeg'torwees een:

tieuler .111eee11-1fe111e11t. or teke e .treadingytheft t111eyt1e eeely fee-Wo 01 'three'.feet eweye By 111111111111111; .the instrument with @1.1.1

Guiding @eene .for V1.111'1tellyL leeeteniee the instrument square with the board or paper is provided by a hinged arm, one end of which is attached to the instrument and the other end suitably braced and attached l to movable trolleys translatable on a rod supported clear of the hoard.

Other objects and advantages will be in part indicated in the following description and in part rendered apparent therefrom in connection with the annexed drawings.

To enable others skilled in the art so fully to apprehend the underlyingv features hereof that they may embody the same in the `various ways contemplated by this invention, drawings depicting a preferred typical construction have been annexed as a part of this disclosure and, in such drawings, like characters of reference denote corresponding parts `throughout all lthe views, of which Figure 1 is an elevational view partly in section, of the head of my improved drafting machine. Fig. 2 is a view of the underside of the head showing the relation of the two sets of'rollers and parts of the pointer driving mechanism. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the head better Villustrating the relative positions of the actuating levers and dial.V

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 lis an enlarged detail sectional view of the pointer driving mechanism. Fig. 6 is an enlarged plan view of the dial and indicater. Fig. 7 is a detail of the head holder.

F ig.y 8 kis a detail of the translatable guide bracket used in connection with VVthe head to hold the machine square. Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail of the manner in which the guide bracket is mounted for horizontal translation. Fig. 1,0 is an end view thereof. Fig. 1l is a diagrammaticl assembly view of the complete machine illustrating its capability of being moved to any position on the board. Fig.y 12 is aV detail viewv of the end of the indicating pointei` shaft and its actuator.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive,

`the head unit comprises an irregular shaped housing member 15, of special contour to on fixed pivots within the housing 15 is a set of large wheels 16, 17, and 18, the axle 19 of the wheel 18 being mounted transversely to the axle 20 of the wheels 16 and 17.

Pivotallymounted as at 22between the wheel 18 and the axes of wheels 1 6 and 17 is a tiltable frame 21 which supports a set of smaller wheels 23,24 and 25. As shown Vmore clearly in Fig. 2, the smallwheels 23 and244 are journaledl on one side of the pivots 22 and have theiraxes transverse to lthe axis of the wheel 25 which is also journaled in the tiltableframe 21 but on the `opposite side of the pivots 22. Itlwill he noted also that the movable wheels23, 2e

and 24).l l -classes comprisesl atleast one large wheel and 25 are mounted substantially at right angles to the fixed wheels 16, 17 and 18 respectively, for a purpose later to be explained.

A part 26 of the tiltable frame 21 projects upwardly into the housing 15 and is provided at its upper end with cam grooves 27 and 28 adapted to be engaged by cams 29 and 30, pinned to a shaft 31. Movement of the shaft 31 in one direction is accomplished by pressing lever 32 with the forelinger against the action of the spring 33. When the lever is released, the spring 33 rotates the shaft and cams 29 and BOin the opposite direction. Normally, when neither of the cams 29 or 30 are in engagement with the camy grooves 27 and 28, the contacting surfaces of the two sets of wheels 16, 17, 18 and 23, 24 and 25 are all in the same horizontal plane. vWhen the lever 32 is depressed, vcam 30 engages the groove 28 and moves the lever arm 26v together with. the tiltable frame 21 clockwise' about the pivots 22. This movement of the carriage 21, elevates the wheels 23 and 24 and lowers the i wheel 25. The lowering of the wheel 25 only-those wheels having parallel axes are in contactwith the lthe machine to be rolled toward the right or left. Y

The releasing ofthe lever 32 causes the reverse to happen.v The frame 21 is moved anti-clockwise Aabout the pivots 22, wheels 22 and -23 are lowered into contact with the surface while the large wheels 16 and 17 are forced away, wheel v25 is elevated slightly 'allowing wheel 18 to come into contact with the surface to permit the machine tobe moved' in a direction atv right angles tothe first mentioned'movement. In order to clarify somewhat the above movements it'may be well to' divide further the two sets of wheels 16, 17, 18"and 23, 24 and 25, into an additional'classification i. e. those having'parallel` axis `forrleft and right movement ( wheels 16, 17 and and those havingparallel'axes for movements toward or away from the operator ( wheels 18,23 Each of these last'mentioned journaled onv fixedv centers for a purpose nowV to become apparent.

I It is one of the objects of my invention te provide a drawing machine with an easily readable and'accurate n'ieasnring instrumenmesh with the gear 35 and inclined at an angle I have mounted the gear 36` which drives the pointer 37. Thus it will be seen that whether the lwheel 18 or the wheels 16 paper thus permitting 'lio and 17 are in Contact with the paper, the pointer 37 will be causedto rotate about the graduated dial 8,8, The ,direction ofrotation however, is dependent upon the direction in which the'machine is moved.

The driving mechanism for the pointer the position shown in Fig. 5, the pointer 37,

being Connected to the thimble 40 as by means .of a shaft and pin 46, is caused 'to rotate with the gear 36. Assuming that the operator has drawn aline ofJa predetermined length andwishes to. draw vanother perpendicular thereto, all that is required to be done is to` presser release, as the .case may be, the lever 32 which automatically throws the pointer 37 ,tov the Zero position and engages with the paper a different set vof wheels ask previously described. f

lVhen the lever 532 is pressed a thirdcam 47 mounted on the shaft 3l engages the end ofthe leaf spring 43 causing it to move about its ful'cr-um48 and force upwardly on the non-,rotatable pin' .42.6 One end of the pin 42 is slidingly secured to the leaf spring 43 and the other .end is formed with an enlarged beveled head 49` and: as the pin is moved upwardly the beveled 'surfaces on the head 4.9'engage the concavely beveled sur;

faces 50 formed on'the shaft .45, The initial translatory movement of the shaft 42 releases the pressure which holdsY the tapered thimble 40 in i-ts taperedr seat inthe bushing 44, a further axial'moveinent of the shaft 42 brings the non-rotatable beveledl surfaces. 49 into engagement with the now freely move able sui-'faces 50 and by the camming actionr thus effected, rotates the Vthimble 40 and shaft 45 sufficiently to bring the pointer B? to its Zeroposition on vthe dial. IFig'. 12.is an enlarged view of a portion of the rotataf ble pointer shaft 45 and its actuator. The line 50 indicates a valley formed between the inclined sidewalls 50, portions of which, atv cit-lier side of a line perpendicular to the valley line, are cut away' on an angle :as

shown, thereby vforming thefflatsnO' and inclinedY ridgesOb. Thus, irrespective of the position'of the pointer 37, the wed f,er like head 49, when brought into engagement with the incl-ined faces 50 or ridges` 50b of the pointer shaft, will turn the pointer to. a zero mark. `The ridges and valleys vof the cooperating members are so arranged with respect to the indicia enthe dial that when the faces 49 and 50 are fully engaged, the pointer registers zero. At this point the cam 47 slips over the end ofthe leaf spring 43 which permits the spring 4'1 to .draw the the pin 42 and the tapered thii'nble back into its seat which again locks the pointer to theI rgear 36. f

yAnother object of my liiii,.i,c ri,tion is to construct' a drawing machineprovided with `a lead carrying instrument which will require the least amount of attention on the part of the user. In` accomplishing this objective l have. designed the Vpencil or lead carrier preferably in the manner illustrated in Fig. t' i A r l. rlhe lead oi pencil ol is held in an inclined sleeve member 52 by `.means of the spring clip 53y partially surrounding the sleeve and held in slots 54. The spring'clip exerts a slifrht ressure on the lead 51 and thus prevents the latter from falling out.-

The outward advance `ofthe lead is controlled by a steeply pitchedV screw thread.- ed tothe boi-:e563 of the sleeve 52.- Y A slight turning of the screw 55, it will be seeinadvances the lead considerably. v

Inorder to make the lead self sharpening, Iliave mounted the sleeve on centers 57 and 58' whereby the sleeve y52, lead 5l, and screw 55 are permitted to rotateabout their longif` tudinal aires.l Inclining the carrier at an angle as shown in l, causes more or less friction on one sideofthe center of the lead 5l andas the machine is moved along this unbalanced friction :causes the 'lead` .so v

slowly to creep jaround and in this way theV point of the lead is. .automatically main-V tained in a sharpened condition. vMeans to vary the tension on the rb arr'elor sleeve `52 and to permit ready assembling ofthe parts is provided by an adjustabler bushing 59 mounted on the bracket 60.

The weight of theV line to be drawn .is

eontrolledby 'a small lever 61, Ypivoted at 46 2 and `having an, arm 63V engaging the bracket 60 of theholder. As shown lin Fig.

l, one end of the bracket 60 is pivotally attachedto the machine `at one of the pivots 22 and it becomes apparent that varied pres.-

sures on the lever'6l will cause afull line j;

or dotted line tobe drawn asl desired. The

foregoing is merely representative'of a pre-v from the spirit of the invention.

- be substituted` therefor*Withoutr departing i It becomes` important in expediting the.

-work of the draftsmamto maintain the machine at all times square with the board and therefore, have secured the former at 64 toa ointed yoke member 65slidably mounted for horizontal movement on a rail 66 lo-v cated preferably above the drawing board. EachA end 65 and 65'of thev yoke member @bis pivotally secured .to va strap 67, (only one of-which is rshown on the drawings) which is guided alongthe rail 66 by'means of wlieels68, 68 and 69. f

-Theyoke member 65 is broken as vshown at 70 to permit the machine to be moved toward or away from the operator while the trolleys 71 permit ofi a left or right movement. rl`hus it will be apparent that the machine may be moved to any part of the drawingboard and at the same time be held square with a predetermined line.

There are occasions, however, when it becomes necessary to draw a line at an angle with respect to the above mentioned movements and this is accomplished in the 'following manner.

The yolre member is secured at Gil to a pivotally mounted protractor arm 72 which is held in position on the graduated scale by a spring member 73 engaging a slot 74 formed on the inner periphery of the scale 77. A series orn slot-s 74 may be formed as indicated inF ig. 8 for the most often used angles.` As shown in the drawings the machine is positioned at right angles to the yoke member 65 but by pressing the spring 7 3 out of one notch and by turning the niachine about the pivot 75 until the spring snaps int-o any other notch, a line may be drawn the desired angle. To obtain angles which are between the notches 7l, the clamp nut and bolt 76 is tightened which tightly holds the arm 72 in any desired position about the fixed scale 77 The operation of the machine is as follows: the operator grasps the machine with one hand, putting his thumb in the indentation78 formedon the side of the housing 15, his forefingerlon lever 32, and his middle finger on lever 6l, moves the machine to the point where he wishes to start a line and setsV the pointer 37 to the Zero mark.V` To draw a line to the right 5 inches long, for example, he would press lever 32 all the way, press lever 61 slightly and roll the machine to the right until the indicator made, in the present case, 11i/1L revolutions and then stop. To draw a 5 line perpendicular to the one `inst drawn, the operator releases lever 32 all the way (which automatically returns Jthe pointer to zero and engages the paper with the other set oi' wheels) and moves tlf-.e machine toward or away from him until the pointer registers 1% revolutions which indicates that a line 5 inches lonej has been drawn, and so on until he u es his drawing.

lu the machine illustrated, the ratio between the circumference of the dial 38 and the circun'iiierence the wheels 16, 17 and il is the same, i. e. one revolution of the large wheels equals one complete revolution ot the pointer 37, but this ratio need not be the same in all cases as it is obvious that by changing the diameter oi the large wheels or varying the ratio between the pointer driving gears an entirely diiilerent pointer travel may be obtained which, for certain classes or" work, may be found to be highly desirable when used in conjunction with a differently graduated dial.

Vifithout 'further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various utilizations by retaining one or more of the features that, from the standpoint'oi' the prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of either the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such aii..ptatious should be, and are intended to be, comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalency of thev following claims Y Having thus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to secure the iollowing combinations and elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent or United Statesr- 1. A drawing instrument adapted to be used on a drawing board combining marking instrumentality; a casing member; traction wheels journaled on transverse axes in said casing and having a portion or" their periphery extending below the casing to engage the drawing board; a. titltable iframe m mber pivoted in said casing; a second set i' traction wheels, having their axes transversely arranged, journaled in said frame and having portions of their periphery projecting from said casing, certain of the said two sets of wheels being arranged on parallel axes; a lever; and means actuated by the movement 'oi2 said lever to tilt said frame to bring only those wheels having parallel axes into contact with the drawing board.

2. A drafting machine for use upon ra drawing board combining. a movable casing member; a drawing instrumentality carried thereby and means mounting said instrumentality whereby it may be brought into contact with the drawing surface; a plurality of rollers having mutually normal axes journaled in said casing; an indicator casing; a pointer in said casing; driving mechanism for said pointer operable in timed relation with the movement of one ci said rollers; means to disengago said pointer from said driving mechanism; and avyoke member connected to said casing and adapted normally to hold the latter in a predetermined angular position relatively thereto.

3. A drawing machine combining a casing member; a tiltable frame member journaled therein; a plurality of sets of rollers journalcd in said members the axes of each set being arranged transversely to the axes ci the other set; a marking instrumentality carried by said casing` .membem means mounting said instrumentality whereby it may be brought into contact with the drawing surface; an indicator carried by said casing; driving mechanism for indicator; means for selectively tilting said iframe able casing thereby to render 'effective either of .Said sets of rollers; and means controlled by said frame tilting means to disengage said pointer driving mechanism.

4. A drafting machine combining, afmovf ber'pivoted therein; a plurality of traction wheels ,ournalediii said casing on opposite sides of lthe axis of said tiltable frame; a

second group of traction wheels journaledv means actuated by one of said traction wheels to actuate said indicator; and means controlled by said frame tilting mechanism .y

to render the indicator actuating means ineffective. Y i

5. A drawing instrument for use on a drawing board combining a casing member; twosets of relatively adjustable traction wheels one set being journaled in said casing; means mounting the other set in said casing; the,

axis of one set of Wheels being transverse to the axisof the other set; means for ef- Jrecting a relative substantially .vertical adjustment between-said two sets of wheels se-r lectively to engage the drawing. board with either set; a drawing instrumentality carried Vby said casing; andmeans for -gui ing said casing; said meansincluding a trammel bar.` and. a-yoke member slidably mounted on said bai` and having one end secured tosaid casmember.

6. A drawing machine 4combining a casingV member; a frame pivoted thereto; a group oftraction wheels journaled in said casing on opposite sides of the pivotal axis of said frame; a second group of traction 'wheels' journaled iii said frame; means selectively to tilt lsaid frame relative'to said casing. to

engage one wheel of each set -with a drawbining a ing surface; a marking instrumentality movable witli'said casing; anindicating device on the casing member actuated in timed relation with the rotation yof one of the trac' tion wheels of each group for indicating the amount of movement to the'drawing surface; and means actuated by said iframe tilting means indicating device.

7. A'pi'ecision drawing instrument comtheir axes arranged perpendicular lto; each other; a movable said housing; a second`group voi traction wheels journaled in said frame and having Vtheir axes arranged perpendicular Ito the axes of said first mentioned wheels; means 'lected i wheels i of both ojfsaid: sets lare member; a tiltable frame mem-f casing member an mentality;

of said head 4thereby of the machine relative to control said group of rollers'mounted onv said frame and Nhaving their'axes transversely arrangedv to housing member; a group of' traction wheels journaled therein and having.

Jframe. member pivoted in tiltingmovement between vfsaid yi rame.:wherebyrsen moved into Contact with 'the rdrtrwing.Y ysurface all of thev wheels in r contact.with the drawing surface having parallel axes.; `1an.-indicator teetfeetfarlatilve said heiising l. and

pointer .carriedsaid housing ,member andV operativelyconnected; t@ one of said, wheels and means controlled by said frametilting pointer. 8, A drafting machine combining, ya niovthereby; two sets of traction axes of therollers of each set being parallel; the axes of oneof said sets of rollers being arranged vtransversely to the axes of the f either of said sets of rollers with kthe surface uponwhich the machine is placed.

9. A drafting machine combining,

other set; and means selectively to engage j f which wears in use carried by said head member; a support for said marking instrusaid support comprising a holder'rotatably journaled in said head member and arranged oblique to the'surface of the paper and oblique to the path of movement member, whereby contact beinstru` tween the papen and said marking mentality, as said head member is moved, will cause rotation ofsaid support and marking instrumentality thereby to sharpen said instrumentality. l

10. Adrawing machine combining a 'casa frame .member mounted.`

ing member l a headV member movable over a-paper in a predes terminedpath; a marking' instrumentalityq therein and movable relative thereto; a lirst group of traction casingand having their axes `perpendicularrollers journaled in saidV ly arranged to each other; a second groupf of traction rollers journale'd in ksaid frame 1 and arranged parallel tothe axes of said first group; a

casing; means for actuatingY saidmarking drawing surface with'sets of rollersl having mutually parallel axes 'f g l. A drawingmachinefcombining a cas-1 ing member ak frame member pivotally mounted in said casing; av first 'group lof,

rollers mounted Viny said casing; a second axes of said first mentioned group of rollers; selective means to' move either oi said groups of rollers Vinto contact withl ther drawing surface; the rollers of each group with their axes respectively iio Ymarking instrumentality'carried lby said` f having parallel axes; a ymarking instrumeny tality 'mounted' in 4said casing; Vand means to render saidy marking instrumentalityef-v fective,

f' 12. A drafting machine combiningr a movable casing member; 'a drawingnstrumentality carried thereby; a plurality of sets of rollers journaled in said casing and hav-A ing their axes transversely arranged, the axes of the rollers in each set being parel; lel; and means for selectively engaging one gf said sets of rollers with the drawing sur* ace. In Witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name. FREBERT J. PETERS.

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