US1800244A - Furnace wall - Google Patents

Description

April 14, 1931.

Original Filed Aug. 7 192 54gb \wxmx J. K. BLUM 1,800,244

FURNACE WALL 2 Sheets-Sheet l J. K, BLUM April 14, 1931.

FURNACE WALL Original Filed Augv '7 192 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VVV avwewtoz K 71am Patented Apr. 14, 1931 UNlTED STATES PATENT @FFICE JOSEPH K. BLUM, OF SCABSDALE, NEW YORK FURNACE WALL Application filed August '7, 1926, Serial No. 127,733.

This invention relates to furnace construction and has as an object to provide a furnace wall of a type which shall be durable and capable of withstanding the rigorous conditions to which such walls are subjected for long periods of time.

According to the present methods of furnace wall construction wherein bricks or blocks of refractory material are built up one upon another, the combined efiect of in- 'ing' frequentrepairs and rebuilding.

tense heat andthe internal pressure of the upper blocks upon the lower blocks causes rapid deterioration of the walls, necessitatt is well known that bricks or blocks of refractory material can be and are made which will withstand the customary pressures when not subjected to intense heat, and which will withstand very high temperatures without deterioration when not subjected to pressure, but when the blocks are subjected to the combined efiect of'temperatures and pressures which they are capable of withstanding separately, rapid deterioration results.

According to the present invention, it is proposed to construct a furnace wall in such manner that only a part of the weight of the bricks or blocks forming the wall is carried by the wall itself, and to provide external means for carrying a portion of the weight. Thus the internal pressure on the bricks or blocks forming the Wall is materially reduced, and walls so constructed are capable of withstanding higher temperatures and are far more durable at the usual temperatures than walls of ordinary construction.

A preferred embodiment of the invention selected for purposes of illustration is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure" l-is a top plan view of part'of a wall'as shown in Figure 2,

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a'top plan view of a modified form of wall shown in Figure 4, and

Figure 4; is a section on the line ilof Figure 3.

Referring to the drawings, the wall 1 may be formed of a series of superposed blocks 2 which may be partially supported by the Renewed $eptember 6, 1929.

foundation blocks 3 having their upper faces lying in an inclined plane. As illustrated each of the blocks 2 also lies in an inclined plane, and if desired the front faces of the blocks which are exposed to the fire may be bevelled to provide a smooth inner surface.

In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the external means for carrying part of the weight of the blocks 2 and thus reducing the internal pressure within the wall 1 comprises an outer wall 5 formed of vertical and horizontal channel bars 6 and 6 respectively which may be provided with an outside covering 7 of suitable heat insulating material. If desired, the outer surface of the wall may be protected by a sheathing of steel plates 7. The outer wall 5 may preferably be arranged substantially parallel to the inner wall 1 and may, if desired, be suitably spaced therefrom to provide an air space 8. In order to connect the blocks 2 and outer wall 5 in a manner to provide the desired support, the back stays 9 are provided which project through the wall 5 and which may be threaded and PlOVltlrfXl with the nuts 10 by means of which suitable ai'ljustments may be readily made. Each of the back stays 9 carries a clamp member 11 which engages the rear ends of the blocks in any suitable manner. In the preferred embodiment illustrated the blocks are provided with the shoulders 12 and the clamp members 11 are formed in a manner to engage the same.

as will be observed, in the construction illustrated the weight of the blocks 2 is car- 85 ried partially by the foundation member 3 and partially by the outer wall 5, and by varying the angle of inclination of the blocks the proportion of the total weight carried by the foundation to that carried by the outer wall may be varied in any desired manner. Thus, by partially supporting the blocks on an external member, herein the wall 5, the internal pressure within the inner wall is reduced considerably and the individual blocks are relatively free to expand and contract when subjected to extreme changes in temperature.

If desired, suitable water cooling tubes 13 may be arranged. adjacent the blocks forming the inner wall, and such tubes may be conveniently located within a recess formed between adjacent ends of the blocks.

Referring to Figures 3 and i, the invention has been illustrated as it may be applied to a watercooled wall in which the inner wall is formed of metal blocks instead of blocks of refractory material, although if desired, said metal blocks may be coated on the fire side with refractory material.

IVhile walls constructed of metal blocks do not ordinarily deteriorate under the combined effect of heat and pressure in the same manner as walls constructed of blocks of refractory material, the principle of the presfer. It will be observed, however, that this adjustment may be effected in such manner as to leave the tubes free to expand and contract without taking any part of the weight of the blocks. If desired, the springs 18 may be located between the-nuts 17 and the channel bars in order that a yielding contact between the blocks and tubes may be established whereby the proper adjustment to per- Y mit relatively free sliding contact between the blocks and tubes may be readily secured.

Furthermore, due to the proposed con struction wherein the internal pressure within the wall is reduced, the blocks are relatively free to expend and contract, one upon the other, in such manner that destructive expansive forces are not set up.

In certain cases, in order to prevent unnecessary loss of heat, it may be desirable to place a layer of insulation 19 between the ends of the blocks and the clamps, thus minimizing heat transfer through the back stays.

It will be understood that the invention may be variously modified and embodied within the scope of the subjoined claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In afurnace, a plurality of blocks forming an inner vertical wall, an outer wall spaced therefrom, and meansfor supporting part of the weight of each of said blocks individually on said outer wall. I

2. Inafurnace, a plurality of blocks forming an inner vertical wall, said blocks being arranged to lie in inclined planes, foundation means to support part of the weight of said blocks, an outer wall, and means whereby the remainder of the weight of each of said bloclks is supported individually by said outer wal 3. In a furnace, a plurality of blocks forming an inner vertical wall, said blocks being arranged to lie in inclined planes, foundation means to support part of the weight of said blocks, an outer wall spaced from said inner wall, and means whereby the remainder of the weight of each of said blocks is supported individually by said outer wall.

4:. In a furnace, a plurality of blocks forming an inner vertical wall, said blocks being arranged to lie in inclined planes, foundation means to support part of the weight of said blocks, an outer wall, and means individually connecting said blocks to the outer wall and supporting the remainder of the weight of said blocks.

5. In a furnace, a plurality of blocks forming a Vertical wall, said blocks being arranged to lie in inclined planes, foundation means to support part of the weight of said blocks, and separate means connected to each of said blocks to support the remainder of the weight of said blocks individually.

6. In a furnace, a plurality of blocks forming a vertical wall, means lying beneath said blocks partially to support the same, and

means adjacent said wall partially to support each of said blocks individually.

7 In a furnace. a plurality of blocks forming a vertical wall, means lying beneath said blocks partially to support the same, and means spaced from said wall and connected to each of said blocks partially to support the same individually.

8. A. furnace wall comprising a plurality of blocks arranged one above another, said blocks being partially supported collectively by a foundation beneath said blocks and partially supported individually by an external supporting member.

9. A furnace wall comprisinga plurality of blocks arranged one above another, said blocks lying in inclined planes, and partially supported collectively by a foundation having an inclined surface and partiallysupported individually by an external supporting member.

10. The combination in a furnace wall, of a plurality of superposed blocks, each block being inclined to the vertical and inclined to the plane of the wall, foundation means for supporting part of the weight of said blocks, auxiliary means spaced from said wall for supporting the balance of the weight of said blocks, and means extending in'planes substantially parallel to the planes of said blocks and interconnecting said wall and said auxiliary means to transmit a part of the weight of said blocks to said auxiliary means. I

11. The combination in a furnace, of a plurality of superposed, inclined blocks forming a substantially vertical wall, foundation means for supporting part of the Weight of the blocks, means external to the Wall for supporting part of the Weight of the blocks, and tension members interconnecting the Wall and the external means.

12. The combination in a furnace, of a August, 19:26.

JOSEPH K. BLUM.

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