US1798065A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

MarCh 24, 1931. R, Q CLARK 1,798,065

CARBURETOR Filed Dec. 8, 1928 l l 6 lll 1 2 /6 l /4 I a o I /5 53 /o 5 9 2o 19 z/ 7 L afi/*56 28 J g 47 @l 53 55 67 :f 54 l 5'6 U* /NvE/vroR RICE WEN CLARK BY' 6g A T TORNE YS Patented Mar. 24, 1931 l UNITED STATES RICE OWEN CLARK, OF VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA CARBURETOR Application led December 8, 1928, Serial No. 324,756, and in Canada December 28, 1927.

My invention relates to improvements in carburetors which are particularly adapted for use in vaporizing heavy hydrocarbons for consumption in internal combustion en- 5 gines. The particular objects of the invention are to provide means whereby an abundance of controllable heat may be utilized from the exhaust of an engine to bring the fuel oil up to such a temperature that the tension of the intake will cause the oil to be reduced to a state of high division, so that the resulting oil vapour may be readily and `completely consumed within the engine cylinder; to provide means for regulating the supply of such heat to conform to the evaporation requirement of oils of different gravit-ies without causing carbon deposit onV the walls of the vapour chamber and passages, and to provide for a complete vaporization without i720 increasing the vapour tension beyond that which is permissible to maintain the full volumetric efficiency of the engine. A still further object is to provide means whereby two or more liquids may be supplied for the 1 25 production of a suitable combustible gas in a single chamber.

The-invention consists essentially of a vaporizing chamber surrounded with` one or more ducts or tubes through which exhaust V gases and fresh air are admitted, the latter lbeing in part directed, after being heated by the exhaust gases, into the vaporizingl chamber where it combines with the liquid fuel and is brought-to a state of high division suitable for combustion purposes, as will be more fully shownV in the accompanying drawings and described in the following speeication, in which K Fig. 1 is a general sectional view of the invention arranged with a multiple feed for the utilization of different liquids.

Fig. 2 is a modified sectional view of the invention.

In the drawings like vcharacters of refer-V ence indicate corresponding parts in each figure. The numeral 1, see Figure 1, indicates generally a cylindrical body having inlet and vprovided with one or more baffles 8 to increase the gas travel. The lower flange 5 is provided with radial projections 9 between which free air inlets 10 are defined. A head 11 is carried upon the fiange 4, which head is centrally apertured to receive a tubular vaporizing chamber hereinafter referred to,

.and is provided with a plurality ofconcentrically disposed apertures 12 for the introduction of auxiliary air, these apertures Y12 are adapted to be opened or closed by a correspondingly apertured flange 13 which is adapted to be moved as desiredby anysuitable manual means. A cylindrical jacket 14 encircles the head 11 and the flanges 5 to whichl itl is secured, so as to produce an annular passage 15 through which'auxiliaryY air flows to intermingle with the air admitted through the apertures 12 of the head'll, thencev flowing downwards into an annular space 16. Secured to the underside of the flange 5 is a base 17 having a bottom closure 18, an inner annular wall 19fand an outer annular wall 20.

The inner annular wall isprovided with one or more openings 21 each of which-is fitted with an automatic flap valve 22. ExL tending upwardsk from the inner wall 19 through the flanges 5 and 4 and the head 11 is a vaporizing chamber 23 which is fitted internally with a plurality of collars 24 having a bore tapering inwards from opposite ends. VFitted to the base 17 isa litting'generally indicated by the numeral having a central passage 26 extending upwards through an upstanding stem 27 and one or more needle controlled jets 28 communicating with said passage and leading from a, suitable fuel supply through unions 29. A hot air connection 30 is made from the annular space between the walls 19 and 20 and the base of the central passage 26. Suitably supported concentrically within the vaporizing chamber 23 and preferably adjustable as to vertical position is a rod-31 having a plurality-of invertedcones 32 :spaced therealong which are so disposed as to be suspended intermediate the collars 24, which cones are of such a diameter at their base asto leave annular spaces thereabout of equal or greater cross sectional area than the spaces between the rod 31 andthe smallest .internal diameter of the collars 24 so as to prevent any choking tendency to-thegases passing upwards through the chamber 23. The lower extremity ofthe krod l31 isfitted into the 'upper endyofthe passage 26 and is tapered as at 33, such taperedend being adapted to vrest adjacent one or more cross-passages'34 extending through the stem 27,

Inthemoditication shown in Figure 2, a head 35 Fis provided having an annular wall 3 6 containing exhaust :gas inlet and outlet apertures respectively numbered 37 and 38, an .upper end closure 39 and a lbottom closure 40 which -is'outwardly flanged as at 41. An -apertured division 'wal'l142 extends transversely of the hea-d35l and is fitted with a Vbutterfly throttle 43 which may be opened to Vby-pass the exhaust gas directly or in part'from the inlet 37 to the youtlet 38 so as to reduce the amount of heat transmitted vto the several parts if desired. A transverse passage 44-ext1ends from the vertical centre of the head to its outer wall 'which communic ats with the intake manifold of the engine 'afndis` rpreferably tted with athrOttle 45. .Radia-lly disposedapertures 46 and 47 respectively Aare formedin the bottom closure .40, the former being provided for the passage o fexhaust; heat from andyto the head '35 while the latter are lfor the admission of fresh air to the vaporizing chamber` 23`` A b'ase 48 ISubstantially similar'jto the bottoni closu-re 18 shown in Figure 1, is provided, having a central chamber 49 between which base, central chamber andthe `bottornclosure 40,three Vconcentrically arranged cylinders respectively numbered 50, 51 `and 52 are mounted, the space numbered 53 between fthe cylinder walls 50 and 51 forming a fresh air passage, the space 5,4 between the cylinder walls 51jand 52 being an exhaustgas passage andthe space within the cylinder 52 forming the vaporizi'ng chamber 23. A venturi 55 is `for-med at the base. of the :vaporizing chamber 23 in which an lannular iet-56 having a conical Spreader 571s Gon,-

passage `54. for the purpose of directing the flowk of exhaust gasesvthroughout. a length equivalent to that of the vaporiz'ing chamber 23.

Having thus describedthe several parts of my invention I will now brieiiy explain the function of same as shown in Figure l.

The engine draws freeair through the in- A'let'apertures 10 into the outer chamber 15 whichon flowing to thec-hamber 16jis'supplemented' byY air'enteri-ng the apertures 12, the auxiliary supply beingcontrolled-manually Yby movement of the aperturedflange 1 3. The air thus induced is brought into Contact with the walls of the exhaust ,passage 7 and is heated to ardesired temperature before it passes through the opening 21and linto the vaporizing chamber 23. Someof the heated air is passed through the pipe 30 andcaused to flow directly. across the fuel jet 28 which serves to break up thefuel into finely .divided globular form, the remainder of such air enters the vaporizing chamber adjacent the cross passages 34 thus bringing the fuelinto a state of high division, which kis still further divided in its upward yflow whilst diverging andconverging past the cones and collars 32 and 24 respectively.

It will thus be seen that the fuel is subjected to a primary, andV a secondary division due to 'air currents which in the case of.

heavy fuels is highly beneficialand produces a'mixture which is readily combustible in engines which were designed to use gasoline alone. f i

What I- claim as `my. invention is:

1. The combination with a liquid fuel jet, of a vapori'zingvchamber adapted to be connected to an engine manifoldand havingl air inlet, said-chamber having spaced'constrictions at some intervals of its length and concentrically'disposed cones at other intervals, an air inlet passage surrounding said vaporizing chamber, and an exhaust, gas passage surrounding the air inlet passage.

2. In a carburetor, three concentri'cally arranged passages the outermost of which is adapted to serve as an exhaust gas jacket for the others, the intermediate passage being open to the atmosphere at-onefend and in communication with vthe inner Y:passageat the opposite end, said inner passage forming a vaporizing chamber and havinga` liquid fuel, jet Aat one v end, means; causing the gas to diverge and converge in its flow through the chamber, said means comprising a plurality of internally tapered collars at regular intervals of the passage, and a plurality of centrally supported inverted cones alter nately spaced between the collars.

3. In a carburetor as claimed in claim 2 wherein a fuel jet is arranged to feed fuel into the cylindrical body and means are provided or passing heated gases across the mouth of said jet prior to the delivery of the fuel to the cylindrical body.

Dated at Vancouver, B. C., this 1st day of December, 1928.

RICE OWEN CLARK.

Images