US1797878A - High-tension condenser - Google Patents

Description

A. PALM HGH TENSION CONDENSER Filati March LAM r ga moamm Patented Mar. 24, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE .ALBERT PALM, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY, ASS'IG'NOR TO HARTMANN & BRAUN AKTIENGESELLSCHAIT, F FRANKFURT-ON-THE-MAIN, WEST, GERMANY,

A CORPORATION OF GERMANY HIGH-TEN SION CONDENSER Application led March 17, 1926, Serial No. 95,324, and 1n Germany March 25, 1925.

My present invention relates to an improvement 1n the structure of high potential condensers and the detail structure of the units forming the same.

One advantage of my device relates to the structure of the unit condensers forming the series thereof.

Another advantage relates to the manner of assembling the units into an operative group.

These and other capabilities and advan tages will be ascertained as the disclosure proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of one form of d1- electric insulator;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a modied form;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a fragmentary assembly of the insulators and the attaching means, and

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of an4 assembled group of units forming a complete condenser.

In the operation of high-potential condensers, as is well known, a particularly high field intensity is set up about the margin or edges of the metallic armatures or sheathing elements, and this field is liable toconduce to breakdown of the insulators, although the dielectric placed in the homogeneous eld, in the presence of this breakdown-voltage, .1s still, as regards stresses, far below its electric limiting strength. For this reason, it has become customarily to make the dielectric material of greater thickness in the neighborhood of the conductive metallic elements.

In the present invention,`the dielectric or insulating carrier 3 of the high potential condenser is given the shape of a double-sided,

preferably cylindrical porcelain pot whose interior web 1 is coated with metal en both faces, as at 2, and which thus serves as the dielectric. l

Fig. 1 shows a simple form of construction. This form does not, however, suppress the marginal action of the metal sheathing 2, but the lashover or short circuiting distance from one armature or sheath to the other is considerably increased by the walls of the insulator, without causing, incidentally, an appreciable increase in the condenser diameter or mass.

Fig. 2 illustrates the further development of the idea underlying the invention. The air gap between the bottom of the ot 3 and the walls 7 of the latter is increased) by undercut grooves 5 into which the metallic conductive sheaths 2 are drawn, this being readily accomplished by any suitable methods. In this scheme no increase in the electric field strength is caused at the edge 6 of the insu lator, and the outer edges 8 of the conductive sheaths, as they are spaced a distance apart.

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3, all marginal effects of the metal sheaths are entirely avoided. In this arrangement, there is fitted, in the recess 0r groove 9 between `bot-- tom 1 and wall 7 of the condenser 3, a circular bent metal tube 10, so that the termination of the sheath .2 has the shape of a toroid or annulus which has a very favorable electrical action. If, in such a condenser the potential difference between the conductive sheaths or elements 2 is gradually raised, short circuiting is produced in the absence of customary luminous phenomena or corona.A -This is a point that is extremely important in the case of high potential condensers'especially when used for test measuring purposes.

In Fig. 3 the bottom of the condenser 1 is preferably concavo-convex, being convex as at w, as it hasbeen ascertained that this shape is advantageous whenever keramic insulating materials are used, since the hemispheric' or concaved portion is subj ect to less shrinkage and sinking during the baking process than a fiat or smooth bottom, thereby obviating crevices therein through which shortcircutino could occur.

ig. 3 also shows the mode of securing a series of condensers, and the mechanical and electrical connection of different parts or units for series connection in cases where very high 'otentials are dealt with. For this purpose t e cylindrical rim 10 into which a fitted metallic tube 11 is inserted is used. About the upper periphery of the latter are inserted a number of set screws 12 by which pressure is exerted a inst the rim 10 to press it into the. recess o the insulating body 3. In this 19 manner, the rim 10 and tube 11 are firmly united both mechanically and electrically so that the tubular connect-or can be used as a conductor and locking element.

Fig. 3 also shows means whereby the combination of a plurality of condensers is effected, with the use of the means above set forth. To this end the adjacent condensers are provided with separable tubes 11, fastenings (set screws) 12 etc., as described above, the tubes 11 being parted at 13, F ig. 3, and one or the other is provided with an inner tubular extension 14, which is affixed to the outer tubes 11. by exterior screw fastening means, as 14. 'lhis construction permits of access to the interior of the condenser units to fasten the set screws 12, and the, final assembly from the exterior.

In this manner, any desired -nuniber of units can be united to form a condenser chain, the latter being also useful as an insulator possessing extra high capacity. Such a chain is of great ad 'antage from an electric viewpoint since the regions characterized by high field intensities are free from sharp-edged metal parts.

Obviously any number of condenser units 3 may be assembled into a single structure according to requirements, as is illustrated in .F ig. 4, and departures may be made herein without departing from the scope of the herein enclosure.

I claim:

1. A high potential condenser composed of a plurality of condenser units, each container unit having an insulating body of cylindrical form provided with a web, the Walls Aof said body at the ends of the web on both sides of the web having acurvature, thc web being coated with metal on both its faces for providing an armature on each side of the web, flexible metal members disposed in said curvatures and engaging the coatings, and metal members connecting the. flexible members of one condenser unit with the flexible members of an adjacent condenser unit for forming a chain of condenser units.

2. A high potential condenser composed of a plurality of condenser units, each condenser unit having an insulating body of cylindrical form provided with a web, the Valls of said body at the ends of the web on both sides of the web having a curvature, the web being coated with metal on both its faces for providing an armature on each side of the web, flexible metal members disposed in said-curvatures and engaging the coatings, and metal tubes connecting the flexible members of one condenser unit with the flexible members of an adjacent condenser Vunit for forming a chain of condenser units.

3. A high potential condenser unit comprising an insulating bodyl having an intramarginal web extending'aeross thebody; and marginal walls upstandingv from the margins of both faces of the web; the inner face of each wall having a groove of segmental cross-section joining the adjacent face of the web; metal coatings on the web faces extending to said grooves; and tubular metal rings fitted in said grooves respectively against the edges of the respective coatings;

4. A condenser comprising a plurality of units, each comprising an insulating body having a web thereacross and walls at the margins of adjacent faces of adjacent Webs; metal coatings on the web faces; metal members secured against. the margins of said coatings; and conducting means connecting adjacent members of adjacent units.

5. A high potential condenser comprising a plurality ot' condenser units disposed one above the other and each comprising an insulating body having a concave-convex intramarginal web extending across the body and marginal walls upstandinfg from the margins of both faces of the web; the inner face of each wall having an undercut groove of segmental cross-section joining the adjacent face of the web; metal coatings on the web faces extending to said grooves; tubular metal rings fitted in said grooves respectively against the edge of said coatings; and conducting members connecting adjacent -rings of adjacent units.

6. A condenser comprising a plurality of units, each comprising an insulating body having a web thereacross and walls at the margins of both faces of the web; metal coatings on the web faces; metal rings secured against the margins of said coatings; and intermediately separable conducting members connecting adjacent rings of adjacent units.

7. A condenser comprising condenser units disposed one above the other and each comprising an insulating body having a web across the body, and a Wall at the margin of a face of the web; metal coatings on the web faces metal rings against the inner face of the Walls and the margins of said coatings; and conducting tubes between adjacent units and secured to adjacent rings.

8. A condenser coi'nprising condenser units disposed one above the other, each comprising an insulating body having a web across the body, and walls at the margins of both faces of the web; metal coatings on the web faces metal rings against the inner face of the walls and the margins of said coatings; and a tube between adjacent units and secured in said rings.

9. A condenser comprising condenser units disposed one above the other and each comprising an insulating body having a web across the body, and Walls at the margins 'of both faces of the web; metal coatings onthe web faces metal rings. against the'inner face of the walls and the margins of said coatings; separable abutting tubes between adjacent units and secured to said rings; and means for fastening the tubes together.

10. A condenser comprising a plurality of units, each comprising an insulating body having a Web thereacross and Walls at the margins of both faces of the Web; metal coatings on the web faces; metal rings secured against the margins of said coatings and the inner face of adjacent Walls or adjacent units; separable abutting tubes disposed between adjacent units respectively fitting in said rings; set-screws passing radially out- Wardly through the tubes into contact With the inner exposed face of the rings for hold* ing the tubes in the rings; an inner tubular extension fitting in abutting ends of the tubes; and screws passing through said abutting ends into the extension for removably fastening the tubes together.

1l. A high potential condenser comprising a plurality of condenser units disposed one above the other and each comprising an insu* lating body having a concave-convex intramarginal web extending across the body and marginal walls upstanding from the margins of both faces of the web; the inner face of each Wall having an undercut groove of segmental cross-section joining the adjacent face of the web; metal coatings on the Web faces extending to said grooves; tubular metal rings fitted in said grooves respectively against the edge of said coatings; separable abutting tubesdisposed between said unitsrespectively fitting in said rings; set-screws passing radially through the tubes into contact with the rings for holding the tubes in the rings; an inner tubular extension fitting in abutting ends of the tubes; and screws passing through said ends into the extension for removably fastening the tubes together.

12. A condenser comprising a plurality of spaced substantially coaxial units, each comprising an insulating body having a thin Web thereacross, and marginal walls projecting substantially perpendicularly from a. face of the Web; exposed metal coatings covering both faces of the Webs; and conducting means electrically connecting adjacent coatings of adjacent units.

13. A condenser comprising a plurality of spaced substantially coaxial units, each comprising an insulating body having a thin web thereacross and marginal Walls projecting substantially perpendicularly from both faces of the web; exposed metal coatings on said faces; and conducting means electrically connecting adjacent coatings of adjacent units.

Signed at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, this 27th day of February, A; D. 1926.

ALBERT PALM.

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