US1794942A - Method of applying heads to stems - Google Patents

Description

March 3, 1931. M. J. BoYLE 1,794,942

METHOD 0F APPLYING HEADS TO STEMS Filed oct. 51, 1927 i E3. m i ww r yiv A9 1 gt s/ 5% Patented Mar. 3, 1931 UNITED STATES MICHAEL J. BoYLE, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS METHOD or AIILYIIIGf HEADS To sTEMs Application led October 31.,` 1927. ".Serial No.v 229,984.`

This invention relates to the applying of heads or the like to stems or rods and is par ticularly applicable tothe forming of valves, tappets, or other similar articles. It has been proposed to form or secure heads of one kind of metal, such, for instance, as best adapted for forming valves, and the stems of another' kind of metal best adapted for this purpose, but such efforts have heretofore proven more or less unsuccessful on account of the diiiiculty of properly forming the end of the stem and the valve or head and welding them together so that the head will not become loose. In accordance with the present method, I produce valves ortappets with the heads securely welded to the stems so that they are practically inseparable.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional View of the forming device used for forming the heading operation; and

Figure 2 isa similar view showing the position of the parts at the end of the stroke or finishing operation.

In accordance with this invention, I provide a stem 3 which may be either solid, as shown, or of hollow or tubular construction, and a billet t from which the head is to be formed.A The billet is providedwith a hole 5 for receiving the end of the stem, as shown in Figure 1. When the head is to be applied to the stem, they are iirst heated to a suili ciently high temperature to permit the welding of the head to the stem during the forming process, which will presently be described. In this connection, it will be noted that when the heads and stems are made of the metals now found to be most suitable for these parts for `valves, the temperature to which they are heated is greatly in excess of the ordinary temperatures used in connection with forming operations. The stem with the billet applied thereto is inserted in a die 6 mounted in a die fixture body 7 having a central longitudinal opening 8 in which are placed valve stem guides 9, these being vchangeable for dierent sized stems. The lower end of the stem also preferably engages with a stem supporting pin 10 which is alsochangeable Afor stems of different sizes i or lengths. The lower end of the stem 3 or supporting pinlO, as the case may be,'en gages with a plunger 11 mounted in the lower end ofthe body or die support 7. The-lower end ofthe body is threaded, as shown at l2 for receivinga reduced end 15 of the plunger 11, the arrangement being such that the shoulder 16 will engage with the cap to limit the movementof the plunger. A spring 17 is interposed between the cap and an annular shoulder 18 on the plunger and tends to hold the plunger in raised position. The use of such spring pressed plunger forms one of the principal novel features of this invention and springs of the proper size or'strength must be carefully selected forruse in the manufae ture of different sized valves, tappets or the like in order to produce the desired results.

' The upper forming die 19,' which cooperates with the lower die and with the spring pressed plunger in the forming operation, is

securedin the diexturebody or holder 2O in the usual manner, itbeing understood that these dies are actuated by any ordinary or preferred form of press. IVhen the die 19 moves downwardly or toward the die 6 the billet 4 is pressed or forged to the desired shapein accordance with the form of the dies and the upper end of the stem 3 is mushroomed out or expanded to form a head 21 which consists mainly in a thin annular fin or disk tapering to a sharp edge, this headed portion of the stem fitting within a similarly shaped recess in the head 22 which is formed from the billet 4 and being welded thereto throughout more or less of its area, such welding usually being around the 1in-like disk only. During this forming and welding action the stem and billet move downwardly against the pressure of the spring 17 or until the lower end of the plunger 11 strikes the cap 13. The length of this movement may be adjusted by adjusting the cap, and if desired, the tension on the spring may also be adjusted in this manner. I have found that this yielding support for the stem and billet causes a much more uniform forming and welding operation and that the articles comf` pleted in this manner are much more uniform than when the stem and billet are supported rigidly or in the usual manner. l o

As above suggested, my invention is applicable to forming various articles and may be p utilized for various purposes; therefore I do not Wishto .be .limited to .the exact method v or apparatus herein.;shown .and described, 'exe cept as speciiied in the following claimsnln i 10 which I claim:

1. The method of forming headed articles f which consists in applying a billet to one end of the stem heating the same, then subjecting the billet and stem While in heated condi- Y Y'15 tion to the action of forming diesto forln the desired head,` said stem .being resiliently sup- -pOl-.tedduring a portion ofthe forming action .andi-rigidly supported during the remainder ofthe forming action;

f2-0 I, 2. Afllhie hereinjdeseribed method articles `Which consists .in providing ahead forniingf` meinberwith a hole therein, fthenin- Is ertingafstenn in thehole, then subjecting the p head formi-ng member and ladjacent portion f O thestem While in highly yheated condition `to l-theaction offorming dies, the stern being resiliently'supportedduring 'a portion of such 'orming action to resist `the raction 'of one of .the dies, )and Y held v in J{ixed position during the remainder ,o2-lf fsuch 'forming action the l.

operation .beingsuch that when the head is formed, the .upper end :of .thefstem will simulftaneously be spread Ito form V.a ,sharp ledged disk-like portionwhich is Weldedto the head.y

, kA forgingaandjweldingmethod orunit- 'fing' a -head and stem, which consists 'in insert- Ving the stem in :a hole-in abil-let and heating t'the billet :and adjacent portion .of the stein `toa high Weldingtemperatu-re, vvthen subjecto @ingthe billetland-stem while/,heatedfto the ao ation of form-ing diesfduring which action, the fsteni isyresiliently(supported vduring 4,a portion ofthe-time, andzrigidly supported during the remainder of the'ltime.

4:5 n MICHAEL J. noir-*Lny

Images