US1753330A - Metering device - Google Patents
Metering device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1753330A US1753330A US307756A US30775628A US1753330A US 1753330 A US1753330 A US 1753330A US 307756 A US307756 A US 307756A US 30775628 A US30775628 A US 30775628A US 1753330 A US1753330 A US 1753330A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- cathode
- gas
- tube
- reservoir
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/145—Indicating the presence of current or voltage
- G01R19/155—Indicating the presence of voltage
Definitions
- This invention relates to voltage indicating devices and more particularly to such devices as are employed to meter transient peak voltages.
- This object is attained in accordance with a feature of the invention by utilizing the cathode glow of a gas filled discharge tube as a means for directly indicating the value of the voltage impressed on the anode-cathode circuit of the tube.
- the invention contemplates the use of a calibrated tubeor reservoir containing neon,
- Fi 1 is a two electrode gas filled dis- 7 charge tu e
- Fig. 2 is a four electrode as filled discharge tube, both of which invo ve the principles underlying this invention.
- Like numerals indicate similar elements throughout the drawings.
- a glass tube or reservoir 5 is provided with a re-entrant seal 6 through which one end of a cathode 7, preferably of fine nickel wire extends.
- the other end of the cathode 7 is sealed to the top of the glass tube 5 in any suitable manner and is so located that the cathode 7 assumes a position corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the tube.
- An annular anode 8, also preferably of nickel, is located near the base of the tube 5 and is secured thereto in any suitable manner.
- Lead-in wires-9 and 10 are provided for the cathode 7 and anode 8 respectively, and are ada ted to beconnected to an external circuit voltage.
- the tube shown in Fig. 2 is employed and the key 23 is actuated to cause an initial gas ionization which overcomes the inherent lag.
- the same result may be accomplished by eliminating the auxiliary electrodes and connecting an external potential in series with the main anode or cathode in the proper direction, but
- the unknownpotential is a function of the length of the cathode glow "andthe tube can be calibrated to read directly in volts.
- a direct reading voltage indicator comprising a gas filled reservoir a pair of electrodes located'therein, a calibrated scale on said reservoir, one of s id electrodes constituting a central axis .for said reservoir and means'exclusive of said electrodes for producing an initial ionization of the gas in said reservolr.
- a direct reading voltage indicator comprising a gas filled reservoir, a
- trodes to cause ionization of the gas in said reservoir and produce a glow on one of said electrodes, the length of which is a function of the unknown voltage, a source of power having a terminal voltage less than the breakdown voltage of said gas filled reservoir and a pair of electrodes associated with said sourceof power and adapted to produce an initial ionization of the gas within said reservo1r.
- a direct reading voltage Indicator comprising a gas filled calibrated reservoir, a pair of electrodeslocated therein, one of said electrodeslnonstituti a central axis for said resermir, as'ource 0 unknown voltage adapted-tabs 'nn'pressed on said
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Description
H. E. BRAGG April 8, 1930.
METERING DEVI CE Filed Sept. 22, 1928 Fla.
//vv/v rm HERBERT 55mm;
Patented Apr. 8, 1930 I UNITED STATES.
PATENT oF ica HERBERT E. BRAGG, OF EAST ORANGE, NEw JERSEY, AssIeNoETo BELL TELEPHONE LABORATORIES, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK METERING nEvIcE a Application filed September 22, 1928. Seflal'No. 307,756.
This invention relates to voltage indicating devices and more particularly to such devices as are employed to meter transient peak voltages.
In studying the effects of and remedying the evils produced by peak voltages 1t is highly desirable that a means for measuring and indicating such voltages be available and that such means be in the nature of a simple, compact structure, easily manipulated and continuous and accurately dependable; Heretofore, I when investigating the phenomena of peak voltages it was necessary to set up an elaboratecircuit arrangement involving the use of vacuum tubes and the capacitive and inductive variables exigent upon the use of such tubes, which resulted in a long, tedious series of tests and frequently terminated in false measurements. v
It is the object of this invention to rovide a compact, highly dependable porta .le device for indicating and measuring peak voltages, which may be quickly installed and readily adjusted to satisfy varying conditions.
This object is attained in accordance with a feature of the invention by utilizing the cathode glow of a gas filled discharge tube as a means for directly indicating the value of the voltage impressed on the anode-cathode circuit of the tube.
The invention contemplates the use of a calibrated tubeor reservoir containing neon,
so that by merely securing the terminals of the tube to the terminals across which the voltage is to be measured, a direct reading in volts may be made.
The invention 'Will be readily understood from the following description made with reference to the accompanying drawingsin which Fi 1 is a two electrode gas filled dis- 7 charge tu e and Fig. 2 is a four electrode as filled discharge tube, both of which invo ve the principles underlying this invention. Like numerals indicate similar elements throughout the drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, a glass tube or reservoir 5 is provided with a re-entrant seal 6 through which one end of a cathode 7, preferably of fine nickel wire extends. The other end of the cathode 7 is sealed to the top of the glass tube 5 in any suitable manner and is so located that the cathode 7 assumes a position corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the tube. An annular anode 8, also preferably of nickel, is located near the base of the tube 5 and is secured thereto in any suitable manner. Lead-in wires-9 and 10 are provided for the cathode 7 and anode 8 respectively, and are ada ted to beconnected to an external circuit voltage. A constant resistance element 12 of relatively hi h resistance compared to the impedance 0 the circuit'producing the un- 'nected to the terminals of the circuit producmg the'unknown voltage in any well known manner, whereupon the rare gas in the reservoir 5 ionizes and the cathode 7 assumes a glow due tothe gaseous discharge, the length of glow on the cathode bein a. function of thevoltage impressed across t e anode-cathode circuit. It is believed unnecessary in this description to enter into the theory of the ionization of gases,-as all phases of this phenomenon are well known to those skilled in the art. It may be well however, to note that a gas discharge tube of this type has what is generally known as acritical or breakdown which represents an unknown voltage, so that for any voltage lower than this critical value no gas ionization takes p ace.
Depending upon the value of the voltage impressed on the anode-cathode circuit, the length of the glow along the cathode wire 7 vanes and the glass tube 5 being callbratedin the two electrode type as depicted in, Fig. 1,
there is an inherent lag in the ionization of the gas when the anode-cathode circuit is associated with a voltage supply. In measuring ordinary peak voltages this lag does not detract from the accurateness of the tube as a meter, but when transient voltages are to be measured, the length of the cathode glowwould not be an exact indication of the impressed voltage owing to the fact that the transient voltage is not maintained sufiiciently long to permit the gas to fully ionize and a correct reading to be taken. .The auxilifllary rnished and a secondary current supply 22 is connected across their terminals through the resistance element 24, It is to be understood that the voltage impressed on the auxiliary electrodes is just below the critical or breakdown voltage of the tube. So that when a. transient voltage is to be measured, the tube shown in Fig. 2 is employed and the key 23 is actuated to cause an initial gas ionization which overcomes the inherent lag. The same result may be accomplished by eliminating the auxiliary electrodes and connecting an external potential in series with the main anode or cathode in the proper direction, but
of a value just'below the breakdown voltage V of the tube. In any case the unknownpotential is a function of the length of the cathode glow "andthe tube can be calibrated to read directly in volts. What is claimed is:
1. In combination a direct reading voltage indicator comprising a gas filled reservoir a pair of electrodes located'therein, a calibrated scale on said reservoir, one of s id electrodes constituting a central axis .for said reservoir and means'exclusive of said electrodes for producing an initial ionization of the gas in said reservolr.
2. In combination a direct reading voltage indicator comprising a gas filled reservoir, a
trodes to cause ionization of the gas in said reservoir and produce a glow on one of said electrodes, the length of which is a function of the unknown voltage, a source of power having a terminal voltage less than the breakdown voltage of said gas filled reservoir and a pair of electrodes associated with said sourceof power and adapted to produce an initial ionization of the gas within said reservo1r. V
In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 20th day of September, 1928.
, HERBERT E. BRAGG.
pair of electrodes located therein, a calibrated scale on said reservoir, one of said electrodes constituting apentral axis for said reservoirand a circuit including a pair of electrodes electrically independent of said first mentioned electrodes, for producing an initial ionization of the gas in said reservoir.
3, In combination, a direct reading voltage Indicator comprising a gas filled calibrated reservoir, a pair of electrodeslocated therein, one of said electrodeslnonstituti a central axis for said resermir, as'ource 0 unknown voltage adapted-tabs 'nn'pressed on said
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US307756A US1753330A (en) | 1928-09-22 | 1928-09-22 | Metering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US307756A US1753330A (en) | 1928-09-22 | 1928-09-22 | Metering device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1753330A true US1753330A (en) | 1930-04-08 |
Family
ID=23191054
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US307756A Expired - Lifetime US1753330A (en) | 1928-09-22 | 1928-09-22 | Metering device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1753330A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2491781A (en) * | 1945-10-25 | 1949-12-20 | Edi Holding Inc | Cold cathode tube voltage indicator |
US2499198A (en) * | 1947-06-28 | 1950-02-28 | Gen Electric | Recording voltmeter |
US3029385A (en) * | 1958-06-06 | 1962-04-10 | Daimler Benz Ag | Apparatus for analyzing noise produced by machines |
US3077774A (en) * | 1957-02-18 | 1963-02-19 | Energy Kontrols Inc | Humidity indicating device |
-
1928
- 1928-09-22 US US307756A patent/US1753330A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2491781A (en) * | 1945-10-25 | 1949-12-20 | Edi Holding Inc | Cold cathode tube voltage indicator |
US2499198A (en) * | 1947-06-28 | 1950-02-28 | Gen Electric | Recording voltmeter |
US3077774A (en) * | 1957-02-18 | 1963-02-19 | Energy Kontrols Inc | Humidity indicating device |
US3029385A (en) * | 1958-06-06 | 1962-04-10 | Daimler Benz Ag | Apparatus for analyzing noise produced by machines |
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